Full transcript, 1,556,932 characters — every turn. Summarised passages are
highlighted: 1,614 passages across 148 turns, covering
15.9% of what was said. The rest is the record itself.
Open on 1,636 sentences (15.9%
of the characters). 11,527 sentences in 1,544 stretches are folded
inline — tap a [+N sentences] to read them where they sit.
4 further highlights held back as procedure or repetition (4 restatement) — collapsed, not removed. Every topic below is closed until you open it.
[+2 sentences][(proc text) The President (accompanied by two ADCs) entered the Chamber, accompanied by Mr Speaker, who was preceded by the Serjeant-at-Arms (without the Mace), the Deputy Clerk, the Senior Principal Clerk and the Senior Assistant Clerk. (proc text)]
The President (Mr Tharman Shanmugaratnam)3024 words
[+5 sentences]Last month, we marked our 60th year of Independence. It has been a remarkable journey, for ours was an improbable beginning. Sixty years ago, we stepped into the unknown with newfound independence – with limited resources, no hinterland of our own, no credible military to defend our borders and a population of diverse origins. Yet with selfless sacrifice, an indomitable spirit and the resolve to come together regardless of race or religion, the Pioneer Generation laid the foundations for a strong and enduring nation. Each generation since has built upon that legacy – embracing change, persevering through crises and weaving together diverse threads to become one nation. That we have not only survived, but thrived, is testament to our spirit as a people. This 15th Parliament opens at a critical juncture in our national journey.[+3 sentences] The world around us is changing in profound ways. Once again, we must navigate turbulent waters. We must choose our route wisely, craft new strategies and go forward with courage and above all, with unity. For decades, Singapore thrived in a rules-based and inclusive global order underwritten by American leadership.[+7 sentences] That order is now fraying. America is less willing to play the role of global insurer. This reflects not just the choices of its leadership elite, but also deeper questions within its society – about America’s ability to secure its well-being through a global system aimed at mutual gains. The result is a more unsettled and chaotic world. The rules and norms that helped keep the peace and enabled rising living standards globally are losing force. Acts of aggression, coercion, or unreasonable demands are now more readily tolerated, and even appeased. Meanwhile, the weaponisation of trade and economic interdependence has made international relations more fraught and complex than ever. The rivalry between the two largest powers, America and China, will continue to intensify as both manoeuvre for advantage across economic, technological and military domains.[+7 sentences] Each is determined to tilt the balance of power in its favour and to draw others into its orbit. This rivalry will shape the strategic environment for decades to come. These are not transient headwinds, but fundamental shifts in the tides. The seas ahead will be rougher and far less predictable than before. We cannot command the tides. But neither are we a vessel adrift. By charting our course with quiet confidence and resolve, we can shape our own destiny. Our first priority is to secure our home and safeguard Singapore’s place in the world.[+25 sentences] We can never take our security for granted, especially in an era when tensions can flare up suddenly, in the region and globally. We have long invested steadily in our defence, knowing that ultimately, we can only depend on ourselves for our security. What began as a matter of dire necessity has become part of our ethos. We will continue to strengthen our capabilities, counter emerging threats – from cybersecurity to hybrid warfare – and support our National Servicemen, who form the backbone of our defence. But security goes beyond military strength. It is also about withstanding new and unconventional challenges. Foreign actors will seek to influence domestic public opinion to advance their own agendas. They will use every means – from social media to traditional platforms – to spread disinformation, seed discord and cause rifts in our society. We must therefore equip Singaporeans to discern fact from fiction, understand and uphold our national interests and resist external manipulation from near and far. Equally, we must guard against dangers at home – from acts of terrorism to scams and to drugs in all their forms, including vapes now laced with harmful substances. These are not just law enforcement issues; they threaten the harmony, trust and confidence that underpin our society. Security is everyone’s responsibility. Each of us must play our part in fortifying our home. Through new approaches to Total Defence and National Education, and by creating more ways for Singaporeans to contribute, we will strengthen our resilience as one people. At the same time, we will play a constructive role in efforts to shape a fair and stable global order in the years ahead. We will contribute to deeper Association for Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) integration, support reforms to ensure effective multilateralism at the United Nations and World Trade Organisation, and deepen our partnerships with like-minded nations to preserve and open-up flows of trade and investment. By standing with our friends and partners, we amplify our collective voice and enhance our influence. A strong economy is vital. It generates the resources needed to secure our future and improve lives. We cannot match other countries in size or scale. But we can compete on speed, ingenuity and trust. In a more fragmented world, Singapore must remain a safe harbour: a reliable base from which to navigate global complexities, and a gateway to Asia’s dynamism. The old playbook is no longer sufficient. Global competition is intensifying, as the major economies seek to re-shore or near-shore key investments. Yet competing on costs alone will not work. Singapore must adapt faster and innovate more boldly – to enhance our value as a trusted hub for trade, capital and talent. This is why we are refreshing our economic strategies.[+7 sentences] The work has begun and it will go deep into the issues that matter most. Much effort will be required to restructure industries and build deeper capabilities in every sector of the future – from advanced manufacturing to information technology (IT) and finance, to clean energies and environmental sustainability. Above all, we must foster an outgoing and experimental spirit among our enterprises and people. It is how we can grow leading firms and secure good jobs and rising incomes for Singaporeans. The trust built through many years of tripartism gives us an edge. It enables us to move faster in deploying new technologies like artificial intelligence (AI), while managing disruptions to the workforce and generating new job opportunities. Most firms know of AI, but few have embarked on serious transformation. Our task is to make it practical for every enterprise to harness AI, while stepping up the reskilling and upskilling of every segment of our workforce.[+16 sentences] In this way, AI can be used both to raise efficiency and to complement human abilities, so that the gains are shared broadly and we involve all Singaporeans in building new sources of competitiveness. None of this is inevitable. It must be actively fostered. Technology will also be crucial in helping us tackle existential threats like climate change. We will invest in new technologies for decarbonisation and coastal protection, and support enterprises developing breakthrough environmental solutions. We will also press ahead with partnerships to develop a robust carbon credits market and mobilise finance for sustainable infrastructure in the region. In doing so, we strengthen Singapore’s resilience while contributing to the sustainability of our region and the world. Our ambition is clear: to make Singapore a place where ideas can take root and where entrepreneurs can build, innovate, expand abroad and become regional and global leaders in their respective fields. Equally, our goal is to ensure that this progress uplifts everyone. We seek not just growth, but inclusive growth – a society where every citizen shares in the nation’s prosperity and every Singaporean has the confidence that tomorrow will bring brighter opportunities and a better life. Economic change is disorienting. Jobs and skills will keep evolving, faster than before. Old industries will fade and new ones will emerge. Skills that are in demand today may become obsolete tomorrow. We cannot hold back this tide of change. But we can prepare ourselves – individually and collectively – to navigate it with confidence. As the economy transforms, we will empower workers with the skills they need to adapt and seize new opportunities. We have rolled out new initiatives to provide stronger assurance in these uncertain times – the Jobseeker Support Scheme for those displaced and the SkillsFuture Level-Up Programme to help mid-career workers upgrade and pivot.[+1 sentence] These schemes are not the final word. We will continue to enhance and improve them, to keep them effective in meeting the needs of Singaporeans at different stages of their careers.[+7 sentences] These efforts reflect our conviction that Singaporeans should never face uncertainty on their own. Through Forward Singapore, we have strengthened our assurances to Singaporeans at every stage of life, so that every individual can live with dignity, purpose and hope. And we will keep building on this in the years ahead. No one will have to walk the journey alone. For our youths: we will prepare them for a future that will be different – helping them secure good jobs, easing their anxieties and equipping them with the skills to thrive in a changing world. Beyond this, we will give them a stronger voice in shaping the Singapore they want, for they will be the co-authors of, and must own, our nation’s next chapter. For our families: we will keep public housing affordable and accessible. Families with young children will have better access to affordable and quality early childhood services.[+5 sentences] But we know families are also stretched in caring for both the young and old. We will therefore enhance support for caregivers, including through more flexible work arrangements and a stronger ecosystem of care in the community. For our seniors: we will be a place where every citizen can have a joyful and fulfilling life as they age. We will encourage and support those who wish to continue working, so their experience and wisdom can benefit others. For those looking to retire, we will do more to help them build a nest egg, so they can live their golden years with renewed purpose and peace of mind. Healthier SG and Age Well SG will help seniors stay healthy in body and mind, and provide more choices for independent living, whether in Community Care Apartments or in Age Well Neighbourhoods.[+25 sentences] We also recognise the immediate pressures of daily living. Rising costs – driven by global conflicts, tariffs and supply chain disruptions – weigh heavily on households. We understand these anxieties. That is why we will continue to cushion these burdens and ensure that every citizen has access to life’s essentials. But our aim goes beyond helping Singaporeans to cope with uncertainty. Every citizen should have the confidence that, whatever lies ahead, they can pursue their aspirations and provide for their families. By strengthening assurance and keeping opportunities open, we will build resilience and confidence as a society even in an uncertain world. As societies mature, wealth can entrench and inequality can become self-perpetuating. We see this around the world. Privilege is passed down, while disadvantage becomes harder to escape. We cannot allow this trend to be ingrained in Singapore. We must actively resist it and find practical ways to narrow the gap. We have worked hard to ensure fairer outcomes and we have made progress. Income inequality has declined. Wages are rising, especially for those in the lowest 20%. Our home ownership rate remains the world’s highest, even for lower-income households. But the work is never done. We must keep social mobility alive with each new generation. This has always been a national priority and it remains our shared ambition for the future. Everyone must have the chance to move up the escalator of skills, confidence and a better life. Every Singaporean must be given the opportunity to develop themselves to their fullest potential. This begins with early childhood. By investing from the early years onwards, we will give every Singaporean the best possible start in life. It continues through our education system, which opens up multiple pathways to success, develops good character and values, and celebrates different forms of excellence. Beyond academic abilities, we must equally value technical expertise, creative flair, practical problem-solving skills, and sporting and artistic virtuosity. The Work-Study Programmes in the polytechnics and the Institutes of Technical Education (ITEs), and expanded scholarships and development opportunities for our youths in the arts and sports, reflect this approach.[+4 sentences] At work, we will enhance training and career pathways so that Singaporeans can excel and be recognised for their achievements across a wide range of skills and professions. This requires us to challenge deep-seated assumptions about what constitutes valuable work and who we consider to be professionals. Progress means recognising the value in every job – in the trades, crafts and services, no less than in offices and boardrooms – and ensuring that everyone who contributes to society earns respect and can build a good life. Singapore must also remain a home where the vulnerable amongst us are not only cared for with compassion but also empowered to pursue their hopes and dreams. We will continue to uplift lower-income families – helping them to overcome the challenges they face and to make progress in their lives. We will strengthen support for persons with disabilities – equipping them with further education and training, and helping them make smoother transitions from school to work – and enhance assistance for their caregivers too.[+5 sentences] Ultimately, our nation’s success will never be measured by economic growth alone. It must be judged by how we support the vulnerable, and how we enable every Singaporean – young and old – to contribute, and to live with dignity. This is the promise of Singapore: that birth does not dictate destiny, that no one is left behind and that every generation can look ahead with optimism and hope. Singapore can only stand tall if we act as one people. But unity is not mustered by belief alone. All of us must, through our everyday deeds and actions, put the collective before self: put “we” before “me”. We will nurture a “We First” society at every level, starting in the community.[+13 sentences] We will work with community leaders to grow networks of care, such as by bringing neighbours together to support one another. We will also create more space for citizens to take the initiative and lead ground-up programmes to take on the causes that matter. Everyone will have a say in building our shared future. By creating a more open and engaged society, we will strengthen Singapore and deepen the solidarity that defines us. We will also do more to make giving and volunteering a way of life. Whether as individuals, community groups, or enterprises, we all have a role in building a culture of contribution – one where success is not measured only by personal achievement, but by what we do together for the common good. And where, by learning about each other’s circumstances of life and experiences, we enhance our sense of shared reality. However, a “We First” society is not only about organised programmes. It is equally about the values we live by, and our regular habits of care – from offering a seat on the train to lending a hand in times of need. They may often be simple acts, but these too are the threads that hold our social fabric together. In many parts of the world, social divisions are hardening. Ethnic tensions, in particular, are rising, and the basic understandings that underpin stable, multicultural societies are being eroded. What makes Singapore exceptional is our unity – built not despite our diversity, but by embracing it and finding richness in our different cultures. This unity can never be taken for granted. We must guard it zealously, especially our racial and religious harmony, which remains the foundation of our society.[+6 sentences] We should resist any temptation to use race or religion for political gain, or to view national issues through such lenses. We know too well, including from our own history, the dangerous divisions and lasting scars that result from yielding to these temptations. Instead, we must continue to nurture what makes us distinctively Singaporean: the ability to accept our varied identities, to take a respectful interest in each other’s cultures, and to build common ground through shared experiences. We must keep evolving and deepening our approach to multiculturalism. We do so by ensuring each of our diverse Singaporean traditions remains vibrant and refreshed with every generation. And importantly too, by encouraging the criss-crossing of influences that comes when Singaporeans delve into one another’s cultures. Just as the Singapore Chinese Orchestra recently collaborated with members of The Straits Ensemble, maestro percussionist Riduan Zalani and others to transcend traditional boundaries in a melodious celebration of SG60.[+3 sentences] Or like Syakirah Dahiyah Sudanto, now in her second year at Ngee Ann Polytechnic, who became its first non-Chinese student to pursue Chinese Studies. Or Soo Mei Fei, who stumbled upon Indian classical dance in Secondary 1 and now, in her 20s, is a professional Bharatanatyam exponent. By both deepening our multiculturalism and enlarging our common ground, we strengthen mutual respect and grow our shared national identity. Public trust in governments and other institutions is eroding, almost everywhere in the world. Many political systems are paralysed by gridlock, or pre-occupied with immediate issues, while larger, long-term challenges are neglected. Singapore has defied this trend, not because we are immune to similar pressures, but because we have cultivated a different ethos of governance and politics.[+1 sentence] We have valued stewardship over expediency, enduring responsibility over transient gain. And we have been able to do so because we have built trust – both between government and the people, and amongst citizens themselves. This trust has allowed us to make hard choices when needed and to plan for the future beyond current electoral cycles. It is the reason Singapore has avoided the dysfunction that has bedevilled so many other countries. But trust must be continually earned – through continuous dialogue, listening, accountability and a shared sense of purpose.[+5 sentences] As we turn the page on SG60 and write our nation’s next chapter, let us be guided by this spirit of trust. Let us stay firm in our resolve, yet open to change; confident in our future, yet humble about our place in the world; proud of our diversity, yet united as one people. This is how we will build a better Singapore – not just for ourselves, but for our children and generations to come. Majulah Singapura! Adjourned accordingly at 8.29 pm.
[+24 sentences]Mr Speaker, Sir, I beg to move, "That the following Address in reply to the Speech of the President be agreed to: 'We, the Parliament of the Republic of Singapore, express our thanks to the President for the Speech which he delivered on behalf of the Government at the Opening of the First Session of this Parliament'." Mr Speaker, the President’s Address reminded us of the profound transitions of our time; a world in flux, both globally and at home. We see the sharpening rivalry between the United States (US) and China, and the erosion of the rules-based order that has enabled Singapore to survive so far. Increasingly, we face a divided world where aggression, coercion and the weaponisation of trade have become commonplace, while rapid technological change reshapes our societies at an unprecedented pace. Against this backdrop, the President set out four key challenges. Firstly, securing our country against both conventional and unconventional threats; secondly, transforming our economy while tackling existential challenges such as climate change; thirdly, assuring Singaporeans at every stage of life on jobs, housing, healthcare and cost-of-living; and forth, strengthening our social compact so that work is valued fairly, the vulnerable are cared for with compassion, and every Singaporean is empowered to pursue their dreams. More importantly, he reminded us that our future depends on unity; nurturing a “we first” society built on trust, resilience and shared purpose. Mr Speaker, the President characterised these as not just “transient headwinds” but rather, “fundamental shifts in the tide.” And in times of change, two emotions shape our human response, one of anxiety and another one of hope. It is through this lens that I shape my speech today. Mr Speaker, the confluence of supply chain realignments, geopolitical conflicts, tariffs, rapid advances in artificial intelligence (AI) and the fracturing of societies due to distrust has fuelled deep anxiety. The world ahead feels unpredictable and uncertain. As a Member of Parliament (MP) and through my professional experience, I have had conversations with residents of Pasir Ris-Changi, Singaporeans from all walks of life, foreign professionals, investors, businesses from multinational corporations (MNCs) and small and medium enterprises (SMEs) to local stallholders in our pasar. In our communities, including the Malay/Muslim community, two anxieties stand out most clearly. Firstly, on jobs and employability: fresh graduates seeking their first role, mid-career workers striving to stay relevant, and seniors struggling to find opportunities. And secondly, on the cost of living and the cost of doing business: from rent to wages to dealing with tariffs. Let me begin with jobs and employability with a focus on fresh graduates. In conversations with fresh graduates, a common refrain is their struggle to land that first job. Many tell me they have sent over a hundred curriculum vitae (CVs) without a single reply. They have tried LinkedIn, career coaches, networking events, peer-support groups; yet remain unemployed. Parents too share their anxiety, contrasting today’s reality with the past when jobs came more quickly. Graduates lament that companies demand experience, but without the opportunity, how can they ever gain it? Silence from employers with CVs submitted leaves them questioning whether vacancies are real, whether they are being overlooked, or whether there are deeper structural issues in the job market. The data reflects this struggle. The Ministry of Manpower (MOM) reported on 17 September that while employment for fresh graduates soon after university rose by 4% in 2024, the rate remains at just 51.9% – leaving about 8,600 still unemployed. A joint survey by the National University of Singapore (NUS), Nanyang Technological University (NTU), Singapore Management University (SMU), Singapore University of Social Sciences (SUSS), and Singapore University of Technology and Design (SUTD) showed only 87.1% of graduates secured work within six months in 2024, down from 89.6% in 2023, continuing a declining trend since 2022.[+1 sentence] For private institution graduates, outcomes were worse, with fewer securing jobs and fewer securing full-time roles. Youth unemployment under 30 also inched up from 5.4% to 5.7%.[+8 sentences] However, this is not a simple Private Education Institution versus Autonomous University comparison. The real issue is whether courses equip graduates with the skills the industry demands. The trend is clear: our young graduates face a tougher, more uncertain path. And we must work together to make things better for them. On the other hand, employers see the problem differently but no less seriously. MNCs, SMEs and local enterprises all share the same challenge: they cannot find enough Singaporeans to fill the roles. Hiring managers struggle to find the right candidates. The data supports this. Unemployment remains below 2%, yet there are still more vacancies than jobseekers – 1.64 jobs per unemployed person.[+20 sentences] The 2025 ManpowerGroup Employment Outlook Survey found that 43% of employers still intend to hire. On MyCareersFuture, more than 23,000 of the 68,000 listed jobs are for fresh graduates, executives, and senior executives, in roles such as engineers, marketers, data specialists and operational planners. So we face a paradox: graduates say they cannot find jobs, while businesses say they cannot find workers. The mismatch lies not in the numbers but in alignment – between skills taught and skills and experience demanded and between expectation and realities. The National Trades Union Congress (NTUC) has framed this paradox through four gaps: the Expectation Gap, the Skills Gap, the Opportunity Gap, and the Experience Gap. I would add a fifth: the Job Redesign Gap. On the Expectation Gap: technology has reshaped hiring. With one-click portals and AI-tailored CVs, jobseekers can now apply for dozens, if not hundreds, of roles daily. Employers are swamped with CVs, making it unrealistic to expect replies to every applicant. Jobseekers and their parents must adjust to this new reality. On the Job Redesign Gap: with AI, businesses are struggling to define entry-level roles fast enough. Tasks once designed by fresh graduates such as research, doing slides, doing minutes, are now automated. Companies need graduates who can apply AI but within a business context. This requires rethinking roles so fresh graduates remain cost-effective contributors while still gaining the experience. So, how do we bridge these gaps then? And I would like to offer four suggestions. Firstly, scale up the GRaduate Industry Traineeship (GRiT) Programme. Let me declare my interest as a Workforce Singapore (WSG) board member. GRiT supports graduates from universities, polytechnics, the Institutes of Technical Education (ITEs) and private institutions, giving them industry-relevant skills. It provides an allowance- up to 70% funded by WSG, and 30% by host organisations. By October 2025, there will be 800 structured traineeships.[+3 sentences] The challenge is to scale it up. We need more businesses to come forward to invest in our graduates to mentor them, to give them the business context and prepare them for future roles. Second, expand structured apprenticeships. Singapore has made progress with the AI Apprenticeship Programme and the Oracle Programme, but we must extend this model to other sectors, such as manufacturing, healthcare, logistics, operations and the green economy.[+22 sentences] Unlike short, unstructured internships which has limited success, apprenticeships must provide both technical training, the business context and workplace readiness. Thirdly to strengthen collaboration. Within government, industries and education institutions must align their efforts and set standards. Germany’s dual education system is instructive: combining classroom learning with real workplace training which produces industry-ready talent. By adapting some of the useful elements of such approaches, Singapore can fill critical skills gaps and uplift vocational careers. Fourthly, about encouraging community initiatives. In Pasir Ris-Changi, one of our volunteers, Arshad, together with Al-Mawaddah Mosque and M³ at Pasir Ris-Changi, organised an overnight biking event ending with professionals sharing their work experience with youths. Such grassroots efforts from peer-support groups can link professional networks to the jobseekers. Mr Speaker, the anxieties of jobseekers are real and the frustrations of businesses are real. But so too, are the opportunities. If Government, businesses, educators, unions and the community stand together in a “we first” spirit, we can close the gaps, redesign roles and prepare our people for the future. Mr Speaker, the cost of living has risen globally due to supply chain disruptions, conflicts and tougher business conditions. In Singapore, pressures are compounded by our reliance on imports and tight labour markets. While we can manage volatility, we remain a price-taker. The sustainable path forward is for wages to rise faster than costs, through productivity and through better jobs. Government support through Community Development Council (CDC) vouchers, U-Save, service and conservancy charges (S&CC) rebates, cash payouts and MediSave top-ups has provided some cushioning for families. But the rising cost of doing business must not be overlooked. Small shops such as food and beverage (F&B) outlets, retailers, minimarts, lifestyle stores, gyms and neighbourhood shops, are place-makers, the heartbeat of our communities. They greet us daily, serve our families for years and give our areas character. They make our communities vibrant and provide comfort in the familiarity of everyday life. Yet behind the counter, many face this deep anxiety. They pour their savings into renovations and equipment, only to find leases shorter than their recovery periods. For some, rent forms up to 20% of their costs.[+4 sentences] The looming fear of the next rent increase weighs heavily on their minds. Many cannot simply pass the costs to customers without losing them, nor can they sustain wages for their staff if margins collapse. This uncertainty forces them to worry about survival instead of focusing on growth. We must give these small businesses greater assurance and I would like to offer a few suggestions. First, we should build on the Fair Tenancy Framework developed during COVID-19. It covers 11 areas of fair terms but remains voluntary and does not address rent escalation.[+18 sentences] I am not suggesting rent control in any way. Instead, let us provide incentives, such as tax benefits or recognition for landlords who adopt these fair guidelines. Transparent rental benchmarks, tied to indices like CPI plus a margin for rent escalations, can prevent unreasonable hikes while preserving fairness. Secondly, we can explore property tax rebates or co-funding schemes for landlords who maintain affordable rents or offer support for landlords who help tenants go digital or improve productivity. Mr Speaker, this is ultimately about trust and partnership. By embracing a "we first" mindset, landlords, businesses and Government can lower costs, reduce uncertainty and give small shops some peace of mind. This might also encourage entrepreneurship and support the startup culture. When our small businesses worry less about survival, they can focus on what matters: improving their services, raising productivity and developing their staff. That is how we keep our communities vibrant, our livelihoods secure and our society coming together. Mr Speaker, growing our economy is not for the sake of growth alone. It is about securing good jobs for Singaporeans, ensuring rising incomes and improving the quality of life for our people. In every strategy that we take, our end goal must always be clear: to create opportunities that uplift our workers, strengthen our families and build a society where every Singaporean can look to the future with confidence. Mr Speaker, while these fundamental shifts in the tide have stirred deep anxieties that we must address, we must also remember that change is not only about disruption. Change also brings renewal, new opportunities, new industries and new ways of living. I am encouraged that the Government has formed the Singapore Economic Resilience Taskforce, to help us seize these opportunities and chart our path forward with unity and purpose. In this spirit, I would like to offer a few suggestions on how we can turn this moment of change into one of renewal and growth. Firstly, on growth industries. Opportunities are opening in AI, advanced manufacturing, biotechnology, clean energy, and sustainability. In the Economic Development Board's (EDB's) report, it was stated that AI adoption could enhance productivity across all sectors, notably adding up to $27 billion to manufacturing alone.[+12 sentences] In its totality, AI is projected to unlock billions in productivity gains across sectors, while advanced manufacturing and robotics will drive high-value careers in precision engineering. Biotechnology is transforming medicine, food, and materials science and clean energy from renewables to emerging technologies like small modular nuclear reactors will strengthen our energy security. Beyond these, niche sectors, such as quantum technologies, space and satellite services, cybersecurity, and the blue economy, they all hold potential for new growth. These industries are not the ends in themselves. They are pathways to secure better jobs, higher incomes and long-term competitiveness for our Singaporeans. Secondly, businesses need clearer, whole-of-Government support to navigate uncertainty. We must refresh our Industry Transformation Maps and align them with the Jobs Transformation Maps, our Company Training Committees (CTCs), our National AI Strategy, our CTO-as-a-Service and all other alphabet soups of support schemes that we have. Many businesses, especially SMEs, find the landscape a bit fragmented and a bit harder to navigate. A single agency or a unified user-oriented portal would help simplify the access, enabling firms to focus on transformation and focus on growth. By doing so, we strengthen our enterprises, preserve Singapore's position as a trusted global hub and ensure that the opportunities created at the national level translate into tangible gains for workers and families. Thirdly, we must anchor Singapore's aspiration to remain a global aviation and aerospace hub. And here, I would like to declare my interest as one of the workers in the aerospace industry. Today, Singapore accounts for 10% of the world's global maintenance, repairs and operations (MRO) output. Imagine that our small red dot accounting to 10% of the world's global MRO output. And MRO is one of the key pillars of our Manufacturing 2030 vision, which seeks to grow manufacturing value-add by 50% by 2030. To sustain this growth, we should review the masterplan for Northeast Singapore holistically, from the developments in Changi Terminal 5 to Changi Airfreight Centre, to the Changi East Urban District and Changi East Industrial Zone, to Changi North, Seletar, Punggol Digital District and the reconfiguration of the Loyang Industrial Estate. Together with a rethinking of the Pasir Ris-Changi ecosystem, including preserving the rustic charm of Pulau Ubin, the mangroves and both Pasir Ris and Changi Beach, this entire region on the northeast coast can be transformed into a world-class zone to live, to work and to play sustainably, anchored by future growth industries and seamlessly connected by air through Changi Airport, by sea through Tanah Merah Ferry Terminal and to the rest of Singapore via the Cross-Island and East-West MRT lines.[+33 sentences] Within less than 60 minutes of Pengerang, just 20 kilometres away and Batam, the Northeast Singapore is also strategically positioned to complement Pengerang's oil and gas sector at the Pengerang Integrated Complex and Batam's manufacturing base in addition to its central location and its global connectivity. Together with the Johor-Singapore Strategic Economic Zone (SEZ), this ecosystem can secure good jobs for Singaporeans, boost supply chain resilience and anchor Singapore firmly within the global economy. Mr Speaker, hope must also mean inclusion. Growth cannot be just for some. It must be for all. An inclusive society is one where every Singaporean has the chance to contribute and more importantly, flourish. Technology can and must be used for good and there are ways to which we can use technology towards building a more inclusive society Firstly, through supporting the less able. Assistive technologies, such as screen readers, navigation apps, sensors, provide independence. For example, AI-powered wayfinding tools integrated into Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) stations can help guide the visually impaired. One of my residents lost his sight in his 50s. He travels with his elderly mother in a wheelchair and his special needs sister who is also in her 50s. Each contributes a different sense of touch, mobility, vision, or knowledge as they navigate through the town. He was excited by the pilot of wayfinding tools, such as CityGeni, to help his family move independently. More can be done for families like this. And with a "we first" mindset, agencies and partners can make inclusive innovation a reality. Secondly, through supporting caregivers. While grants like the Home Caregiving Grant help financially, technology can lighten the load. Smart eldercare sensors, telehealth, AI-enabled scheduling, and robotic aids can reduce strain. Scaling these solutions into community care networks, while keeping them affordable, gives caregivers peace of mind and helps seniors live with dignity. We must find ways to adopt them quicker and scale faster to move beyond pilot trials. Mr Speaker, Inclusive innovation is not only about compassion. It is about bringing that opportunity. The Assistive Tech sector, CareTech and the Silver Economy are fast-growing industries. By investing here, Singapore can export solutions and become a trusted hub for inclusive technology. We will build not only a competitive economy, but also a compassionate one where every citizen feel they matter and belong. : In my speech earlier, I expressed our thanks to the President for providing a clear backdrop during the Opening of the 15th Parliament. The President reminded us that the world we face today is volatile and he described it not as "transient headwinds" but as "fundamental shifts in the tides." Under such circumstances, two core emotions shape human responses. First, anxiety – the fear of uncertainty. Second, hope – for growth, opportunities and a brighter future. It is through these two lenses that I frame my speech today. Mr Speaker, around the world, the cost of living is rising due to supply chain disruptions, conflicts, and high global interest rates. In Singapore, this situation is further complicated by our dependence on imports and our tight labour market. The reality is that we remain as "price-takers". The sustainable solution is to ensure wages increase faster than costs, through higher productivity and better jobs.[+10 sentences] Therefore, upskilling and mastering new skills must become part of our lives. In my dialogue with Malay union leaders such as Mr Abdul Samad Bin Abdul Wahab, they emphasised how Unions help workers upskill; by shifting mindsets from merely protecting jobs to protecting workers by providing a better future. I would like to thank them for their efforts. Our community must also leverage on national programmes such as SkillsFuture Credit, WSQ, Career Conversion, Career Transition, and the Tech Accelerator programme. As the Malay saying goes, loosely translated as "no pain, no gain." In Pasir Ris–Changi, we have worked with NTUC to bring these programmes closer to the residents. While changing tides bring a lot of anxiety, they also bring a lot of hope. New industries are emerging; such as advanced manufacturing, robotics, precision engineering, biotechnology, quantum technology, satellite services and many more. All these are new pathways to better jobs and higher incomes. To seize these opportunities, we must first raise awareness. Today, there are 13 professional networks at Mendaki in fields such as engineering, technology, sustainability and finance.[+10 sentences] Through these networks, opportunities are made available to our community. In fact, just last week, a resident shared that her husband got an engineering job through one of these networks. I strongly encourage more in our community to join them. Additionally, these professional networks also give back to the community. Just last week in Pasir Ris-Changi, the M³ Engineering Professional Network, together with SUTD and Mendaki, organised Robot Wars, where students built AI-based robots, learnt coding, sensors and object recognition. Students from welfare homes also participated. For some participants, this was their first experience with robotics. It was very moving to see their confidence increase and their eyes light up with these new skills. I would like to congratulate the students from Madrasah Aljunied and children from Muhammadiyah Welfare Home who won first and second place in this competition. Another source of hope is progress for our asatizah. Since 2023, salaries of over 80% of asatizah in mosques and madrasahs have been raised according to Common Salary Guidelines (CSG), with average increases between 5% to 12%.[+2 sentences] With the implementation of phase three this year, more will be within the CSG guidelines. Asatizah are the pillars of our community, and their work must be recognised and fairly compensated. The establishment of the Singapore College of Islamic Studies (SCIS) is a long-held aspiration of our community.[+3 sentences] This college will produce asatizah and future leaders, not only for Singapore, but also for the global context. Its adjacent location to SUSS is very meaningful. It opens up cross-institutional opportunities; combining Islamic studies with fields such as social work, Islamic finance, business, and mental health. This will broaden horizons and career choices for our asatizah. Also importantly, SCIS will be funded by the Wakaf Masyarakat Singapura; another initiative of our community.[+10 sentences] This demonstrates our strength as a united community – a "we first society" as mentioned by the President. Mr Speaker, while anxieties exist about the cost of living, jobs, and uncertainty; there is also much hope. By leveraging on national programmes, strengthening professional networks, elevating the status of asatizah and realising SCIS, we can build a brighter future. Let us work hand in hand to think far ahead, invest in our community, and build pathways with much hope. This is how we transform anxiety into hope and ensure our community continues to progress in the years to come. : Mr Speaker, Sir, the challenges before us are real. The anxieties of our people are real. The worries of our jobseekers, the struggles of our families coping with costs and the worries of small businesses are real. Yet, so too are the opportunities. In new industries, in new inclusive innovation and in refreshed economic strategies that can bring about better jobs and better ways to care for our society. Let us, therefore, choose to be a "we first" society. A society where success is not just measured by gross domestic product (GDP), but by how much we care for one another, where growth is inclusive, opportunities are shared and no Singaporean is left behind; where quality of life improves not just for individuals, but for families and communities, where Government, businesses, unions, workers and citizens work together in trust.[+5 sentences] This is how we can turn anxiety into hope. This is how we renew our social compact. This is how we can build a stronger, more united Singapore together. Majulah Singapura. Mr Speaker, Sir, I seek to move.
Mr Speaker3 words
[+1 sentence]Mr Pritam Singh.
Mr Pritam Singh (Aljunied)3011 words
[+11 sentences]Sir, I thank the President for his address. While the Workers' Party (WP) is in opposition, we call on Singaporeans to heed the call to build a better Singapore for ourselves and our future generations. Today, I will highlight what the WP sees as the international and domestic pressures facing us. After that, I will focus on the President's call for a "we first" society, a term that Prime Minister Lawrence Wong also used at his National Day Rally last month. First, the international situation. I entered politics in 2011. I remember at the time, a newly-retired Minister shed tears at a press conference over what "globalisation had done to Singaporean workers." This year, US President Donald Trump has challenged globalisation more directly than ever before. His Liberation Day tariffs in April put the brakes on several decades of an economic era that Singapore had ridden successfully, albeit not without its discontents for some Singaporeans. For the foreseeable future, nearshoring, friendshoring and protectionism are the order of the day. We enter an uncertain and unpredictable post-SG60 world. Of great concern to us is what sectoral tariffs could be imposed on Singapore, especially for two industries that, together, contribute 40% of our GDP – pharmaceuticals and semi-conductors.[+23 sentences] To use the parlance of the late US Secretary of Defense Donald Rumsfeld, the imposition of additional tariffs on Singapore exports to the US are more of a known unknown rather than an unknown unknown. In the Asia Pacific, we are in the throes of a geostrategic transition. Recently, China showcased both its ambition as well as its alliances at a spectacular military parade commemorating 80 years since the end of World War II. China demonstrated that it is ready to take its place as a leading power in the world. China, a hugely successful economic power, is fast becoming a military juggernaut. It can no longer bide its time nor hide its strength. To many, this must mean a diminution of US influence in the Asia Pacific. But China appears to have considered that it need not behave like a hegemon and displace Pax Americana. China seems intent on deepening friendships and collaboration, thereby representing itself as a force for stability and cooperation even as it stands up to America whenever it deems necessary. As for the US, its current administration is recalibrating the norms and values that traditionally underpinned its pre-eminent position in the Asia Pacific and beyond. However, the US still retains significant goodwill from many Asia Pacific countries. Its historical actions at the cost of American blood arrested the advance of Communism in the region. It provided an effective security umbrella that allowed Southeast Asian nations, including Singapore, to grow and prosper. There may well be enough space for the US and China to coexist in the region even as flashpoints, such as Taiwan, and possible nuclear weapons proliferation in East Asia remain known unknowns. What is clear is that defence spending is rising all around. We must brace for turbulence, even as we hope that the turbulence remains only that, while we look to secure our future in a new strategic environment. Sir, I ended my Budget speeches in 2024 and 2025 with calls to strengthen our national unity – a multiracial national unity in an uncertain world. A strong SAF, Home Team and a first-rate diplomatic corps give us the agency to think for ourselves and our own national interests. The current strategic environment is yet another reminder of how critical the Singapore Armed Forces, the Home Team agencies and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs are. It also reinforces the importance of National Service. The security that our people in uniform provide is an important strength of Singapore. I repeat this call today in light of the President's address. Domestically, SG60 comes at a unique inflection point for us. In the next few years, one in four Singaporeans will be older than 65 and labour force participation is not likely to rise.[+3 sentences] This is part of a long-anticipated transition. In fact, the first Ministerial Committee on Ageing was set up decades ago. However, living through a transition and being on the cusp of it hit differently. The job front is unpredictable, technology is rendering jobs obsolete quicker than ever before, middle-aged workers who change jobs report being unable to command the same salaries and anecdotally, young people are finding it tougher to secure good jobs.[+1 sentence] In addition, more employers prefer to offer short-term contract jobs rather than permanent positions. Cost of living continues to dominate as business profit margins get squeezed, particularly for smaller businesses that face steep rental hikes. Even our cultural capital is being hollowed out and in transition to something unfamiliar.[+7 sentences] From the slow demise of traditional foods to the closing down of cinemas and the downsizing of bookstores, all these contribute to a sense of loss that weighs heavily on many Singaporeans. These emotions are not unexpected, because Singaporeans do not want to become a people who know the price of everything, but the value of nothing. We must try to preserve as much of the different strands of our cultural tapestry in our national interest instead of resigning ourselves to the inevitability of change. Just as there is value in learning new things, there is value in remembering the past and the wisdom it endows. At this critical junction in our nation's journey, how does the WP define its Parliamentary role? Five years ago, at the Opening of Parliament then, I said that the WP will chart an independent path and fulfil its duty as a loyal opposition. Our loyalty is the people and to the nation and, this term, fidelity to the three key functions of Parliament: to make laws, to check on the Government and to scrutinise the state's finances, will come into distinct focus. On the back of the Opening of Parliament in our first Sitting today, the WP's Members of Parliament (MPs), in line with our critical and inquisitorial rule to hold the Government accountable, have asked topical Parliamentary Questions covering housing and specifically, the Housing and Development Board's (HDB's) Voluntary Early Redevelopment Scheme (VERS), jobs, education and specifically, bullying in schools, employment, foreign affairs and transport – to name a few.[+4 sentences] With so much happening domestically and internationally, the opposition will primarily focus on the function that Parliament demands of us, checking the Government's policies and actions. Mr Speaker, I wish to assure you that the WP will not file Parliamentary Questions to rack up numbers. Every question we ask is one that needs asking, especially since the opposition does not receive any special Government briefings, unlike the People's Action Party (PAP) MPs; and neither are there Parliamentary Select Committees to scrutinise the work of the various Ministries when Parliament is not in session. For example, over the last three months, as we heard during Parliamentary Question Time today, there has been a spade of Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) breakdowns from July. To date, there have been, at last count, 15 disruptions, some more significant than others.[+1 sentence] Like anything mechanical, breakdowns do occur and this in and of itself is not the issue. However, many Singaporeans find this quick succession of breakdowns to be highly unusual, particularly after significant taxpayer resources have been expended to raise rail reliability over the last decade. This will have to be scrutinised in Parliament, including the findings and recommendations of the recently established task force under the Land Transport Authority's (LTA's) purview.[+12 sentences] Some Singaporeans think that when we ask questions, we are trying to embarrass the Government. The WP does not see it that way. Checking the Government is a function of system design. This is something our early leaders understood and is an essential feature of the Westminster system we adopted from the British. To borrow an old technological phrase, questioning the Government in Parliament is a feature, not a bug. Embracing this feature will be an important priority for the WP in this term of Parliament. Where alternative proposals and improvements to existing policies need to be raised, we will raise them accordingly. If our fellow Singaporean workers and professionals, managers, executives and technicians (PMETs) wish to suggest matters for us to raise in this House, please contact us. We welcome inputs which are backed by evidence. We also welcome organisations, including small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) and corporates to engage with us with a view towards better policies for our economy and our people. We believe that the prospect of the opposition raising issues in Parliament has a strong nudging effect in getting the issues recognised and addressed by the Government. We thank all parties for their good faith and engagement, most recently over the issues faced by platform workers. On this, I have filed a Parliamentary Question to delve more deeply into this issue.[+10 sentences] All Singaporeans are collectively interested in the betterment of our people. Engagement with the opposition and the WP, in particular, reflects a society that treasures, supports and makes effective use of a balanced political system. I would like to take this opportunity to thank all voters who supported the WP at the last General Elections (GE), regardless of constituency. A Singapore that understands that it is both government MPs and opposition MPs who contribute to make Singapore worth fighting for, puts Singapore on a stronger footing for the challenges to come. Mr Speaker, a united society is, however, ultimately rooted in justice and fairness. The individual must feel a sense of belonging to Singapore and an affinity to the community around him or her. This brings me to the President's call to put "we" before "me". This is a theme that continues from the Prime Minister's National Day Rally. It is a simple idea, but a timeless one too. Singapore has wrestled with the ambit of such communitarian concepts in the past, but one can understand the significance of reiterating this call in light of present times. In the late 1980s, the Government introduced what was originally referred to as a "national ideology", with the purpose of gradually developing a national identity. This led to the Government white paper on shared values, listing five propositions of what these shared values ought to be.[+17 sentences] The White Paper on Shared Values was subject to intense debate over two days in this House. Former Speaker Abdullah Tarmugi argued that two values, first, "Nation before community and society above self” and second, "Regard and community support for the individual", slanted too heavily towards society and community, with not enough premium placed on the individual. He said, and I quote, "People are afraid that these values would lead to a stifling of the individual. While individualism, per se, is not a good value to promote, over-emphasis on the community could lead to a stifling of innovation and creativity and hence reduce our competitiveness. The line between the two has to be carefully drawn." Another PAP MP, Dr Ong Chit Chung, shared that the most problematic of all values appeared to be "Consensus instead of Contention", as there was a fear or suspicion that the Government would use this call for consensus to browbeat critics, stifle creativity and muzzle opponents. Yet another PAP MP asserted that his conversations with students, grassroots leaders and business colleagues gave him, and I quote, "the distinct impression that many people scoff at the idea of a paper on Shared Values. Most of these things are obvious, they say. Is it necessary for Government to try to push yet another load of sanctimony down our throats?" The public reaction and the qualified cynicism aside, the vision of the White Paper itself was not objectionable. Despite references to Singapore as an Asian society, the White Paper acknowledged that not everything Asian was good and not everything Western was bad. The Senior Minister of State, Dr Tay Eng Soon, sought to clarify that the Government neither wanted, and I quote, "blind conformity and compliance in the name of nation or of consensus", which he alluded to as a disease that, I quote, is "not unknown in the East and that tyranny of the majority may be even worse than individualism". He argued that the shared values must never be an excuse to stamp out individual ideas and aspirations that can lead to new achievements. His view was that we must always encourage individual excellence. Are the shared values important today? I believe there is a wisdom to them, because they foment and advance a unifying ethos. And there is evidence that many of us care deeply about what it means to be Singaporean. In June 2020, the Government published some information on the Singapore Together Emerging Stronger Conversations.[+1 sentence] That was a conversation series on Singapore's COVID-19 experience and Singaporeans' aspirations for a more resilient post-COVID-19 society. At that time, I filed a Parliamentary Question seeking details about the feedback given by about 17,000 Singaporeans from those conversations. In our political system, where it is sometimes assumed that the proverbial bread-and-butter issues would dominate, one might have thought that the topics of jobs and the economy and separately, digitalisation and technology would rank highest among the topics discussed. However, what ranked at the top were national identity, and shared values and social support. The issues encompassed under national identity and shared values included protecting our vulnerable, support for volunteerism and how we might build a more compassionate and cohesive society.[+18 sentences] So, it is clear that the idea of "we" is important to Singaporeans. But I would assert that it certainly does not mean suppressing or minifying the importance and central role of the individual and his or her place in Singapore. I would instead argue that "we" and "me" are perspectives that exist on a continuum. Both "we" and "me" matter to Singaporeans. A binary treatment is limiting, while an over-emphasis on one is not consistent with our lived experiences. We should aim for excellence as individuals and venture forth with confidence as individuals and be respected by society as individuals, regardless of race, language, religion and backgrounds. At the same time, an awareness of "we" beyond our comfort zones opens opportunities for us not just to be better, but to be the best versions of ourselves. A sense of personal fulfilment and purpose are more likely to be achieved when we contribute to something larger than ourselves and aim beyond self-enrichment and personal outcomes. Perhaps the most important point to be made here is that Singaporeans are well and truly in the driver's seat of shaping the Singapore they wish to see. While Singaporeans may struggle today to list the five shared values of 1991, as naturally as they say the pledge or national anthem, the importance of living harmoniously in a multiracial and multi-religious society is not lost on many. Increasingly, however, there is a sense that being a member of a racial and religious group, on the one hand, and our identity as Singaporeans are both equally important. For some, like myself and those of my generation, being Singaporean and a part of the country and something larger, edges in importance compared to one's cultural rootedness and sense of loyalty to our individual communities. For some younger people, the Singapore identity can be said to have even transcended race. The former Chief of Government Communications was recently quoted in a podcast as saying that his younger colleagues did not make much of the fact that the squadron commander who led the flypast at this year's National Day Parade was Malay. I would suggest that this shows that, for a younger generation of Singaporeans, at least some Singaporeans, a democratic society based on justice and equality ought not to be declared just in words but must be manifested in deeds. It may well be that the aspiration of the pledge has morphed, at least for some, into an expectation. We should acknowledge and even celebrate such expectations as the ultimate reflection of a more united people than ever before. It portends a bright future for Singapore. At the same time, we must be aware that our multiracial reality can be a soft underbelly that malicious actors may exploit to divide us.[+4 sentences] Hybrid conflicts are already a reality and we can see how misinformation and disinformation, especially online, have been employed by some to fuel narratives that divide communities. In speech, be it online or offline, it is easy to bully and intimidate others with rank, popularity and labels, and by punching down at those who may not have the full facts or see the world differently. It is much harder to take on someone your own size or bigger or engage an issue respectfully regardless the counterparty. But we should all choose the more difficult path of empathy and mutual respect, even if we agree to disagree. In Singapore, we must actively fight the tendency to think tribally on a day-to-day basis. As we negotiate the way forward, let us remember to treat each other as equals. We must persevere and work on this as a responsibility of each generation and leave a better Singapore behind for the next generation.[+3 sentences] This is even as we hold dear and celebrate our individual mother tongues, traditions, religions and cultures. We do this in an English-speaking environment, one that goes a long way to create an accessible and welcoming global city for trade and investment, and an accessible and expansive public space for all Singaporeans. If we succeed in building on this foundation, we will not just shine but survive and thrive well beyond SG60. To conclude, Sir, Singaporeans should be proud of our diversity, including our political diversity, and yet, be united as one people.[+1 sentence] The WP will continue to play its part. On behalf of all the WP MPs, I wish the Government and all civil servants well in this term of Parliament. We look forward to serving as the loyal opposition for all Singaporeans and working for Singapore.
Mr Speaker47 words
[+1 sentence]Order. We have been in the Chambers for close to five hours. I propose to take a break now and I will suspend the Sitting and will take the Chair at 4.45 pm.[+2 sentences] Sitting accordingly suspended at 4.24 pm until 4.45 pm. Sitting resumed at 4.45 pm.
(Debate on Address of Thanks4 words
[+1 sentence]– first allotted day)
Mr Deputy Speaker4 words
[+1 sentence]Mr Ng Chee Meng.
Mr Ng Chee Meng (Jalan Kayu)2109 words
[+4 sentences]Thank you, Mr Deputy Speaker. I thank the Government in the 14th term of Parliament and tripartite partners for their strong support to the Labour Movement. Because of our collective efforts, many workers, including professionals, managers and executives (PMEs), have seen real improvements in wages, welfare and work prospects. Amidst rising cost of living, we raised our lower wage workers' incomes. Platform workers now have the Central Provident Fund (CPF), workplace injury compensation and the right to be represented by Platform Workers Associations.[+3 sentences] Workplace Fairness has also been strengthened so that all workers – especially our mature PMEs – are assured of a level playing field. We provided new support for our involuntarily unemployed workers and supported our caregivers' flexible work arrangement (FWA) requests. Senior workers now have a longer runway, should they choose to do so, to work. The Labour Movement also catalysed business and workforce transformation through more than 3,600 CTCs, promoting win-win outcomes for businesses and workers at the same time.[+15 sentences] But Mr Deputy Speaker, beyond policies and numbers, what mattered most really, is the impact on ordinary people and workers. Amidst the rising cost of living, every wage increase, every new protection and every training scheme made a real difference. Families and workers were able to be better provided for. This is why I am in the House today, to ensure that every Singaporean worker and family can face the future with confidence. Sir, as we step into this new term of Parliament, Singapore faces significant external and internal challenges. Externally, the world is more fractured. Trade wars, tech wars, hot wars are redefining the rules-based order that Singapore has long depended on. And technologies, like AI are reshaping how we live, learn and work – faster than many of us can keep up with. Internally, the realities of becoming a superaged society will hit us. More of our workers will be older and more families will experience more strain from caregiving responsibilities. During my block visits in Jalan Kayu and in many conversations with workers at union events and community gatherings, I have heard the anxieties of our people. Young graduates worry if they will find good jobs; mid-career and older PMEs fear being displaced by AI and economic restructuring; families struggle with the pressures of caregiving – wondering how they can cope with the financial, physical and emotional strains. These are not abstract concerns. They are the daily worries of ordinary Singaporeans trying to secure a better future for themselves and their loved ones. Mr Deputy Speaker, the Labour Movement supports the direction laid out by our President – to transform our economy amidst AI disruption, while ensuring that no Singaporean is left to journey alone. To achieve this, the Labour Movement calls on the Government to work with tripartite partners on three fronts: One, ensure good jobs for every generation, so young graduates can start well and have opportunities to grow; mid-career workers and PMEs can adapt and seize new opportunities; and older workers can continue contributing with dignity.[+15 sentences] Two, uplift our vulnerable lower-wage workers, platform workers and freelancers by ensuring fair earnings and dignified work. Three, stronger support for our caregivers, so no Singaporean has to choose between caring for their loved ones and keeping their job. My fellow labour MPs and I will outline the priorities of the Labour Movement to advance these fronts. I will focus my address on two areas today, ensuring good jobs amidst AI disruption and better support for caregivers. Let me first speak about AI disruption. AI has great economic potential for Singapore. It can boost productivity and help businesses stay competitive. On the flip side, I know many workers, including PMEs, see AI as a threat. Big companies, such as Amazon and Microsoft, are cutting jobs. Drivers worry about being displaced and replaced by autonomous vehicles. They do not know what AI will mean for them and their jobs. I fully understand these concerns. It can be daunting not knowing what to expect and perhaps worse, how to keep up. They say: "I know AI is here, but Sec-Gen, I don't know what I can do." This is why we must do more to equip our workers to meet AI disruption head on, bring the right tools and know-how to the businesses and our workers, so that they can take proactive steps to seize AI-driven opportunities. To this end, NTUC stands ready to support the National AI Strategy. We want to work with the Government and tripartite partners to put forth a National AI Adoption and Training Initiative. I will call this initiative "AI-Ready SG" as a working name.[+11 sentences] It will serve as a one-stop platform to integrate existing resources from Government and tripartite partners, so businesses and workers can be truly AI ready. Through "AI-Ready SG", workers can access dedicated resources for upskilling and navigate career transitions. Employers can tap into resources to embark on practical AI transformation. The "AI-Ready SG" initiative can ride on the CTC ecosystem to support AI transformation. And this goes in part in answering some colleagues' earlier speeches about converging business interest and marrying it to workers' interest. Businesses get help to figure out what AI means to them, chart out their transformation roadmap and implement projects that deliver real productivity gains. At the same time, workers, including PMEs can better map out their AI skills upgrading pathways, boosting their job security and work prospects along with their companies' business transformation. In fact, NTUC and employers have started using the CTC model to catalyse AI transformation. Take BSL Unify, a manufacturing services company, for example. Through the CTC, they embarked on a company-wide digital transformation programme and implemented an AI-powered service portal. Previously, customer service and operations staff relied on excel sheets to labouriously track inventory and manage enquiries manually. Today, the portal has saved BSL Unify more than 2,500 man-hours per year, with a 40% efficiency improvement through streamlined processes and smart data management. Staff and workers also receive a monthly skills allowance of $150 to encourage and enhance their AI skills, so a true win-win for both business transformation and workers outcome.[+2 sentences] This is just one example of how "AI-Ready SG" can help companies move up the value chain and bring workers, including PMEs, along. The CTCs power these efforts. As of July this year, we have committed more than $7.4 million in CTC grants to AI-related projects, which is about 11% of the total number of CTC projects.[+30 sentences] Mr Deputy Speaker, let us take heed of the President's call for businesses, AI must mean better business. For workers, including PMEs, AI upskilling must mean better jobs, better wages and better work prospects. If we can do these, we will be able exploit AI to transform our economy and better Singaporean lives. Let me now turn to caregiving. I thank the Government and tripartite partners for measures like enhanced paternity and shared parental leave. Yet, many workers still struggle with the day-to-day reality of caregiving. Balancing a job while tending to the needs of a sick elderly parent, a child or an adult with special needs, can be exhausting. It is not just about managing the time. It is about the stress, the sleepless nights and the emotional weight that caregivers carry every single day. I recently met Mr Goh, a 45-year-old freelancer and beneficiary of NTUC's U-Care Fund. He and his wife are both working and they have four children – two of whom have special needs. One child requires round-the-clock care. He shared, and he is grateful that while subsidies help, he worries about medical expenses chipping away at their family's savings. What troubles him most is not just about today's struggles, but the future. Will his children be able to cope when he and his wife can no longer take care of them? Will they be able to retire with dignity? More than anything, he hopes that families like his would not be left to carry the heavy load of caregiving alone. His story is not unique. During my house visits in Jalan Kayu, caregivers shared with me some of the same worries – how to juggle work and caregiving, and the stress and mental toll it takes on them. We must do more to support caregivers to take care of themselves and their loved ones. Sir, let us not stop at empathising with caregivers like Mr Goh. We must do more to strengthen caregivers' support in these areas. First, help caregivers stay in work. Having a job is essential for long-term financial resilience. We must expand FWAs and enshrine caregiving leave, making them more widespread, accessible and most importantly, stigma-free. Second, help caregivers who have left work, return to work. We must redouble our efforts on "Back to Work" programmes to ease their transition – especially for those who have stepped off for long periods of time. We must better design and enhance our existing schemes, to bridge skills gaps, find suitable job opportunities, provide mentorship and give employer incentives to hire returning caregivers. Third, strengthen the ecosystem of care. We must make bold moves to ensure that care support for elderly and disabled loved ones is available, affordable and accessible. While we are moving in the right direction, we must be prepared to review our policies to better support our caregivers. This includes reviewing MediSave limits and caregiving subsidies to defray costs, provide CPF top-ups for primary caregivers with insufficient retirement adequacy, enhancing community care services, including for persons with special needs, persons with mental health conditions and more and more with dementia.[+7 sentences] And importantly, strengthening care coordination so families do not have to struggle to navigate the generous but multiple schemes across different agencies, not knowing what to do. Sir, many of us are caregivers currently, or will be at some point. Let us take bold steps to ensure that Singaporeans have the support they need to care for their loved ones, while staying resilient at work and at home. In Mandarin, please, Sir. (In Mandarin): In the coming years, our workers will face greater challenges. On the one hand, there is the impact brought about by the rapid development of AI. On the other hand, they have responsibilities caring for families. The Labour Movement calls for tripartite partners to jointly promote a national AI training and adaptation programme to help enterprises and workers transform and embrace the new era.[+13 sentences] For businesses, AI could bring better development potential for workers, especially PMETs. AI can bring higher quality employment opportunities, higher wages and better career development prospects. As Singapore moves into a super aged society, more workers and families need to strike a balance between work and caring for loved ones, which is truly not easy. We must strengthen support for caregivers to ensure that no one is forced to make difficult choices between career and family due to caring for loved ones. We can approach this from three areas. First, we must help caregivers remain in the workforce. We recommend expanding the scope of flexible work arrangements and establishing a comprehensive caregiver leave system. Second, we must help caregivers return to the workforce. We can launch a national return to work programme to reduce difficulties they face in returning to work, especially for those workers who have been away from their position for extended periods due to caregiving responsibilities. Third, we must take decisive actions to build a stronger caregiving ecosystem, particularly to provide support for elderly, sick and disabled loved ones. We should boldly promote reforms in caregiving services to ensure that relevant resources are accessible, affordable and convenient for those in need. (In English): Mr Deputy Speaker, let me conclude. Sir, I am deeply honoured and privileged to return to this House. I entered this House on a narrow margin. But I will serve with full conviction, because I stand to be the voice for our workers, fighting for better jobs, better lives and a brighter for all. To the voters in Jalan Kayu, thank you for the trust you have placed in me. I will honour it and I will serve you to the best of my abilities.[+1 sentence] Mr Deputy Speaker, as Singapore confronts accelerating AI disruption and rising caregiving demands, let us all in this Parliament keep faith with the workers, caregivers and their families who want a chance at a better life. Together, let us build a Singapore where every worker can succeed at work, where every family can thrive and where every Singaporean can journey forward with hope and dignity.[+3 sentences] For every worker. For every family. For Singapore.
Mr Deputy Speaker6 words
[+1 sentence]Deputy Prime Minister Gan Kim Yong.
The Deputy Prime Minister (Mr Gan Kim Yong)3173 words
[+17 sentences]Mr Speaker, thank you for allowing me to speak and to join in the debate to thank the President. Sir, over the last six decades, Singapore has built a strong and dynamic economy driven by global enterprises, homegrown champions and an ecosystem of small and medium enterprises. This has in turn created good jobs, lifted real wages and raised the standard of living for Singaporeans. Our success has been built on solid fundamentals – sustained investments in infrastructure, extensive global connectivity, a skilled workforce and a pro-business environment. Just as importantly, being a small and open economy, we have benefited from an open, rules-based, multilateral trading system. This has enabled companies here to participate in global supply chains, benefit from global economic growth as well as established Singapore as a hub for goods, services, capital and talent. But we are now facing three fundamental challenges. In many parts of the world, countries are turning inward, erecting barriers to trade and investment and prioritising economic security and national interest. The rapid acceleration of technological advancements such as AI will disrupt industries and jobs. Last but not least, our resource constraints, such as land, carbon and manpower, will become increasingly binding. However, amidst these challenges and difficulties, there are opportunities and new possibilities. Companies around the world are looking to diversify their production bases and supply chains in response to the evolving global economic landscape. This will create new opportunities for us to capture new investments and enter new markets. Our region has strong growth potential. It has a young population, a rising middle class and good physical and digital connectivity, and it is poised to be one of the fastest growing regions in the world. Technology, while it may disrupt industries and jobs, can also open up new frontiers for research and innovation and drive the creation of new products and services and even new industries. Similarly, the low-carbon transition will catalyse the growth of the green economy such as green manufacturing, clean energy, carbon services and trading, and sustainable finance. Five months ago, we had set up the Singapore Economic Resilience Taskforce to support firms and workers in navigating the immediate headwinds as well as to refresh our longer-term economic blueprint so that we can secure our place in the new economic order.[+4 sentences] While there is now greater certainty, greater clarity over the tariff rates that the US has imposed on many of its key trading partners, significant uncertainties remain. Negotiations with several countries, including China and India, are still ongoing. Details on how the deals will be implemented remain unclear. In fact, we have already seen a number of conflicting interpretations emerge. The US has hinted at further sectoral tariffs such as on semiconductors and pharmaceuticals and that these are imminent. I just want to take this opportunity to clarify that these two sectors contribute about 7% of our GDP, not 40% as Mr Pritam Singh pointed out.[+3 sentences] But I should say that even at 7%, they are significant. The full effects of these tariffs will take time to flow through in the months and years ahead. The Singapore Economic Resilience Taskforce will continue to monitor the developments and assess the impact of the tariffs on our businesses and workers. Our current support measures, including those announced at this year's Budget and Committee of Supply, are still relevant and helpful. These include extensions and enhancements to the Double Tax Deduction for Internationalisation, the Market Readiness Assistance Grant as well as the Enterprise Financing Scheme. We have also announced that we will roll out the Business Adaptation Grant from next month to help companies impacted by the tariffs to adapt their business operations and strengthen their supply chain resilience.[+1 sentence] We will also support our workers. To help our jobseekers better identify suitable job opportunities, we have stepped up our career advisory and guidance services, including through NTUC and e2i. We will roll out the GRaduate Industry Traineeships Programme from next month to help fresh graduates gain industry experience and skills, which will facilitate their transition into full-time employment.[+13 sentences] We are prepared to do more for our companies and our workers if necessary. The global developments we have seen over the past few months are not a passing storm. Instead, they point towards a changed world – a new norm that is more fragmented, with sharper competition for investments and a shift towards economic security and national interest. These call for a new economic blueprint to steer Singapore forward in this changed world. That is why we embarked on the Economic Strategy Review. The Economic Strategy Review is consulting and engaging stakeholders and will submit its recommendations next year. I will not want to preempt their conclusions at this point. But let me just talk broadly about our approach. First, we must strengthen our positioning in existing growth sectors and establish a strong foothold in new areas of growth, as pointed out by Mr Sharael Taha. One existing growth area is advanced manufacturing. Over the decades, we have established Singapore as a global node in key sectors such as semiconductors, healthcare, specialty chemicals and aerospace. I attended the opening of ST Engineering's new engine MRO facility last week. In addition to ST Engineering, we are also a key aerospace manufacturing and MRO site for leading firms such as SIA Engineering, GE Aerospace, Rolls Royce and Collins Aerospace. Singapore accounts for 10% of the global output for the MRO market and close to 20% of the global market share in engine MRO. We are supporting companies to build new repair and process development capabilities, deploy robotics and automation solutions and conduct research and development (R&D) in AI, additive repairs and electrification technologies.[+4 sentences] These moves will strengthen Singapore's positioning as Asia's leading aerospace hub and a critical node in global supply chains. We have also established our position as a leading services hub, such as in commodity trading, digital industries, tourism, financial services and professional services. We will build on this foundation to further reinforce Singapore's status as a services hub for the region, especially with the fast-growing digital economy. We must also position ourselves well to establish a strong, early foothold in new growth sectors. One such area is in precision medicine, which is projected to grow at an average of 11% annually to reach a size of US$300 billion globally by 2035.[+6 sentences] Our strengths as a leading biomedical sciences hub put us in a good position to capture opportunities in the research, development and commercialisation of life science tools, diagnostic testing and therapeutics in this rapidly growing sector. In addition to precision medicine, we are also exploring other potential growth areas such as AI and deep tech, green economy, autonomous vehicles and space. Second, we will make Singapore a home for leading firms. We will reinforce the presence of today's industry leaders and nurture companies with the potential to become future industry leaders. We have established a strong base of industry leaders in key sectors. We will work with them to further grow their businesses and anchor new high value-added activities here in Singapore. For example, in the healthcare sector, eight out of the top 10 biopharmaceutical companies have established their manufacturing sites or R&D activities here.[+6 sentences] Seven out of the 10 top life science tools companies have significant R&D and manufacturing activities in Singapore. This has enabled us to be among the top global manufacturing sites for high-value manufacturing instruments and consumables. We will partner with these industry leaders to establish best-in-class manufacturing facilities and R&D activities, develop new capabilities such as AI and expand their product range. Many Singapore enterprises are also industry leaders in their respective sectors. We will support them to deepen their capabilities and help them to expand overseas. One example is Sembcorp. To date, the company has established a total capacity in renewable energy generation of close to 18 gigawatts overseas in countries such as China, India and Vietnam.[+15 sentences] This is an example of how our Singapore companies are tapping into growth opportunities overseas. By growing in overseas markets, these companies will become bigger and stronger to support the value creation, innovation and headquarters functions here in Singapore. This will also reinforce our status as a hub for globally competitive firms. There are companies which may be small today but have the potential to become future industry leaders. We will seek them out and anchor them in Singapore, so that they may be new engines of growth for our economy in time to come. One such category of companies are startups. Ambiq Micro is a good example. Ambiq manufactures ultra-low power processors that consume one-tenth of the power compared to their competitors. Their technology can be found in smart watches and was used to power up the TraceTogether token during COVID-19. Ambiq established their presence in Singapore in 2021 and has since grown and successfully listed. To support their international growth, the company has established their regional headquarters and R&D activities here in Singapore and we hope to further anchor their presence in Singapore. At the same time, we will study how we can better support our local startups and entrepreneurs from initial stages to scale-up and grow. This could include access to growth capital, space and infrastructure needs, and partnerships in overseas markets. One example is Aliena. Aliena is a space-tech startup that develops electric propulsion systems which enable small satellites to fly closer to Earth for higher quality data collection. With support from Enterprise Singapore's Global Innovation Alliance, Aliena worked with partners in the United Kingdom to develop a technology that uses water electrolysis for electric propulsion systems. These collaborations enabled Aliena to expand its customer base and operationalise their footprint, and the company has seen a more than 300% year-on-year increase in revenue last year.[+30 sentences] Third, we will strengthen our fundamentals to stay competitive. Let me highlight three key fundamentals. One, our capacity to deploy and diffuse new technologies. Each new wave of technology, from computerisation, the Internet and now to AI, has shown that it is not just the technological breakthroughs themselves, but the ability and speed at which we can deploy and diffuse them effectively across the economy that determines whether we can sustain our competitiveness. We must, therefore, be a nation of both innovators and fast adopters. Take artificial intelligence (AI) for example. We have made good progress in accelerating AI-driven innovation through the establishment of AI Centres of Excellence. At the same time, we must complement this by broadening and deepening AI adoption across the broad base of enterprises, including SMEs. We will develop AI playbooks and toolkits to guide companies in adopting AI-driven solutions, as well as raise the AI fluency among both technical professionals and non-technical professionals. Two, our skilled workforce. The quality of our human capital has been a key competitive advantage for Singapore. As we transform our economy towards higher value-added activities, we must also ensure that our upskilling and reskilling efforts keep pace. We must empower workers with new skills for the future, including being AI-fluent, so as to remain relevant. Similarly, we want our workers to gain overseas work experience and exposure. This will position them well to take on regional and global leadership roles in future. We must also stay open to global talent, so that we may tap on their strengths to complement our resident workforce. This is critical to ensure that our industries and firms stay globally competitive. Three, careful and long-term planning. Our years of investments in our port and airport infrastructure have been critical to Singapore’s excellent connectivity today, which underpins our role as a regional hub. Similarly, we must plan for the energy transition and help our businesses transition to a sustainable future. This is why we are pursuing multiple pathways to decarbonise our energy mix. We are ramping up our domestic solar deployment, facilitating low-carbon electricity imports and building capabilities in emerging low-carbon alternatives, such as hydrogen and nuclear energy. We will calibrate the pace of the transition carefully. Even as we decarbonise, we must ensure that Singapore stays cost-competitive and our energy security is safeguarded. Even as we secure our long-term growth, we have not lost sight of the challenges that some of our SMEs are facing, including those in the retail and F&B sectors, as well as our heartland enterprises. This is because of a variety of factors, including more intense competition from e-commerce players, shifts in consumer preferences and rising costs. We have rolled out several initiatives to support such businesses. For example, those in F&B can tap on Enterprise Singapore’s FoodX programme and heartland enterprises can tap on the Enhanced Visual Merchandising Programme and the Heartland Enterprise Placemaking Grant to revamp their storefront to drive more business. Our CDC and SG60 vouchers will also encourage consumers to spend at the heartland enterprises. We will help these SMEs raise their productivity, restructure their operations and rejuvenate their businesses. [restates an earlier point]I mentioned earlier that despite the challenges ahead, there are opportunities for Singapore to grow our economy. We expect to grow at about 2-3% per annum over the next decade on average.[+2 sentences] This is comparable to many other small, advanced economies, such as New Zealand, Switzerland and Sweden. But we should not take that as a given. Instead, we should try to aim higher, take advantage of the window of opportunities over the next few years to achieve a faster rate of growth if we can, before we settle down to the 2%-3% trend over the long term.[+2 sentences] But this will not be easy. Our foreign worker policy has remained unchanged. We expect our workforce to grow just about 1% per annum over the next decade, given our ageing workforce and falling birthrates. We also expect our productivity to grow by about 1%-2% per annum over the next decade.[+5 sentences] This is already challenging, judging by the historical experience of economies with similar size and level of development. There will also be times when the global economy will slow down and our growth will also slow down consequently. And, therefore, that will bring us to between 2%-3% per annum. However, we see opportunities to get a larger productivity lift from technology, such as AI, robotics as well as automation. We will also grow other higher value-added industries as I have outlined before. If we do it right, we may be able to add 1% and achieve 3%-4% growth instead of 2%-3%, and in very good years, maybe even more.[+12 sentences] I spoke earlier about how Singapore’s success has been closely intertwined with an open, rules-based, multilateral trading system. Trade is important. Trade is three times our GDP. Singapore pursues an active trade strategy through our Free Trade Agreements (FTAs) and other platforms. These FTAs have opened doors for our companies to access new markets, diversify supply chains and build deeper economic partnerships around the world. Our network of FTAs also makes us an attractive destination for foreign investments and has enabled us to build a resilient economy that provides good jobs for our people. We must double down on our efforts to preserve and expand our international economic space. Bilaterally, we will deepen our cooperation and integration with our key economic partners. Both the US and China remain our key economic partners. The US is our largest foreign investor and China is our largest goods trading partner. While competition between the US and China has intensified, we must continue to work with both US and China in areas of mutual interest and mutual benefit. India is another economy that is poised to grow strongly in the years ahead. Earlier this month, we launched the Roadmap for the Comprehensive Strategic Partnership between India and Singapore, outlining areas, such as semi-conductors, industrial parks and capital market connectivity, where both countries could strengthen economic cooperation.[+3 sentences] Beyond India, we are deepening our economic cooperation with other key economies, such as Australia, the European Union (EU), Japan, Korea, New Zealand, Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates and the list goes on. Closer to home, we are also deepening our economic cooperation with our immediate neighbours, including in Johor through the Johor-Singapore Special Economic Zone and in Batam-Bintan-Karimun (BBK). We are further exploring how the three of us can work together for even stronger synergies. Regionally, we are working within the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) to deepen our regional integration, as well as to broaden our cooperation with other external partners. We have recently concluded the negotiations to upgrade the ASEAN Trade in Goods Agreement and we are making good progress towards substantial conclusion of the ASEAN Digital Economy Framework Agreement later this year. ASEAN is working with the Gulf Cooperation Council to enhance trade and investment flows and also working to establish a dialogue with the EU and with the Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership. And last week, Singapore, together with 13 other small, medium and trade-dependent economies, launched the Future of Investments and Trade (FIT) Partnership. The FIT Partnership is an informal group that will champion a forward-looking trade agenda and work together on areas, such as supply chain resilience, investment facilitation, non-tariff barriers and trade facilitation, as well as leveraging on technology.[+4 sentences] These examples illustrate how Singapore will continue to broaden its network of economic partnerships, including in areas, like digital economy and green economy. And by doing so, we will open up more opportunities for our businesses, diversify our markets and strengthen our resilience in an increasingly fragmented world. These efforts will also strengthen the rules-based trading system. The World Trade Organisation (WTO) is not perfect, but it remains an important foundation on which to build a better global, rules-based trade architecture. For sure, the WTO needs to be reformed to stay relevant and effective. We will work with like-minded partners to reform and modernise the WTO, and reinforce an open, fair, rules-based multi-lateral trading system, so that small, trade-dependent economies, like Singapore, can continue to thrive in the global economy.[+3 sentences] Mr Speaker, Singapore’s economic journey has never been an easy one. With limited land, manpower and natural resources, we have to work harder and plan longer, further ahead and move faster than others. We can take heart at the success we have achieved over the past six decades, but we cannot afford to be complacent. To secure our future in a changed world, we must stay globally competitive, by building strong industries, anchoring leading firms here, grow our own enterprises, strengthening our capacity to embrace technology, investing in our workforce and finding ways to overcome our resource constraints.[+3 sentences] We must also continue to expand our international economic space, by strengthening our network of trade and investment, reinforcing a rules-based global trading system and positioning Singapore as a trusted hub in a more uncertain and turbulent world. Our circumstances may be challenging, but our foundations are strong. Together with determination and imagination, we can continue to grow our economy, create good opportunities for our people and build a better and brighter future for Singapore and Singaporeans.
Mr Deputy Speaker17 words
[+2 sentences]Ms He Ting Ru. Leader of the Opposition, you wanted a clarification of the Deputy Prime Minister?
Mr Pritam Singh65 words
[+2 sentences]Mr Deputy Speaker, it is just a clarification on my speech where I should have said that the broad sectoral tariffs would hurt demand for Singaporean products, including semi-conductors, consumer electronics and pharmaceutical goods, which account for 40% of exports to the US. I thank the Deputy Prime Minister for correcting my speech and stating that pharmaceutical goods and semi-conductors contribute 7% of our GDP.
Mr Deputy Speaker21 words
[+3 sentences]So, just to confirm, you are clarifying your own speech, not the Deputy Prime Minister's, correct? Right. Ms He Ting Ru.
Ms He Ting Ru (Sengkang)2611 words
[+1 sentence]Mr Deputy Speaker, over four months have flown by since the GE and it feels like we have since lived a lifetime. Our journey in Sengkang started in 2020 and the next five years went by like a roller coaster.[+18 sentences] We were carried through ups and downs, in no small part due to those who stood by us and who were our rocks as we were tossed around by turbulence. Through this, our team of volunteers showed up every day, week after week, all doing their part to make sure that we were able to carry on our work within the community for our residents in Sengkang and for that, we are deeply grateful. These five years have crystallised how being an elected MP is an incredible privilege and responsibility afforded to us here in this House. We saw joy and pride in the eyes of parents sharing pictures of how much their children have grown visiting our meet-the-people's sessions (MPS) to show us with excitement their children's EduSave awards. We also sat with residents grieving loved ones and other losses. Thank you for sharing these precious moments with us. We look forward to working alongside you to deepen and continue the relationship to work together to make Sengkang and Singapore a better place for all. A theme that has played in my mind on results night and ever since, is the power of us and not just the strength of us but also the full spectrum of who we are as a people, our resilience, our skills and our values, but also our limitations, mistakes and flaws. And instead of viewing these as opposite sides of the coin, I have come to see these as part of the richness of the tapestry that comprises our towns, our society and our people. Compared with five years ago, the world has undergone many changes, even as memories fade, of the pains and coming together in the face of COVID-19, we see living pressures continue to mount. Global conflicts and the straining of the previously accepted world order, add to concerns about climate change and it is no wonder that there is so much talk about climate anxiety, a mental health crisis. We are also faced with ongoing challenges to our own food security in Singapore and how to forge forward to balance where our country sits in a world where sustainability challenges seem insurmountable. Additionally, when financial pressures grow, community often takes the back seat. Individuals, families and social relationships are put under strain: physical and mental health declines, civic engagement drops and people withdraw from social activities to save money or because they feel ashamed. In communities, social capital may be weakened, diminishing community resilience, risking a downward spiral where vulnerable groups end up even more disproportionately affected by weak economic winds. These are not just abstract concepts. Ask ourselves, compared with five years ago, are we a stronger, kinder, more inclusive society? In my maiden speech in 2020, I talked about how I felt that the perception of a lack of social mobility and the presence of elitism, regardless of data, is a real and often overlooked danger. More than five years on, where are we? This year, business and employment sentiment survey show dips and many expect these to remain depressed.[+6 sentences] How are we faring in terms of the perception that our people have of our much cherished system of meritocracy? How often, too, have we over the last five years had fellow Singaporeans give us a shrug and say, what to do? Not because we have given up, but because we feel pressured up against forces that are just so strong. So, what have we done to prevent this feeling of helplessness in the face of global uncertainty and challenge from taking root? I believe that the answer to this is in the power of community, of a people-centred community. Human beings are essentially social in nature, relying on one another for our well-being. In a world where scarcity starts to dominate, it is where we have to band together to make best use of whatever resources we have to pool our strengths. Thus, I have been deeply heartened that in the month since our election in May this year, we have been approached by numerous organisations and individuals seeking to partner us toward the betterment of our community of our Sengkang residents.[+1 sentence] This deepening of the networks of our community in Sengkang and beyond is something we deeply appreciate. From initiatives to create strong connections within a community to be friendless programmes to better support those in distress, to fostering deep and meaningful integration with those living with disabilities and encouraging residents to explore and engage more with home-based businesses within the community.[+4 sentences] These are some examples of groups that have reached out to us. They hope that by working with the elected MPs, the elected councillors of the Town Council, they could join us in ensuring that our resources are maximised for the good of our residents. These efforts may seem small, particularly, when compared against huge movements or organisations, such as national-level agencies, like the People's Association. However, they have given my party colleagues and I invaluable insight and a chance to explore these additional facets of the community and to get to know our people better as their elected representatives. This will eventually translate and inform our work as legislators here in this House. They are also an important acknowledgement that the voice of our people matter, that their collective choice to send my colleagues and I into this House is legitimate and accepted.[+15 sentences] I also hope that this trickle will eventually bring us to more collaborations, more acceptance that political diversity is important and here to stay. Community partners should eventually see us as nodes through which we will help our communities overcome challenges, fix problems and grow beyond their current limitations. Ultimately, my hope is that this leads to a shift toward working for a country that is ultimately better able to adapt to myriad challenges. And as I have mentioned earlier, while knowing our strengths is key, we also have to sit with our limitations to truly see our flaws candidly. This can be discomforting, even raw and terrifying. But this honesty and ability to sit with our past and current shortcomings is how we enable our growth as a country to happen. So, I believe that it is not just about whether it is "me first" or "we first", but "us together". We have spoken about the Government's planned evolution from "me first" to "we first" here. The Government has rightly, like any sensible government, spoken about national security, nimble economy and increased assurance at every stage of life. But what I hope to add is a recognition of why "me first", as an ideology emerged amidst the wider formation of our nation. We have moved from the first formal residence hundreds of years ago to informal immigration from the region and our merger and de-merger with Malaysia. I have noticed, too, that "me first" is often said to be a natural response to our highly financialised and immigration-centric society and economy: owning the fanciest cars, getting the top MNC jobs, owning freehold landed property as a means of overcoming the constraints of the country that we live in. Yet we are always told that everything around us will change, everything is insecure, we risk losing it all. And under this cloud of scarcity, leaving out "me first", it is no wonder that we often see this response as greed, selfishness, sharp elbows, no care for the weak in the society, no care for those without a voice, no care for the planet we share. Our response to this less-than-ideal state is not to be anti-immigrant or anti-capitalist, particularly as our country has been built of an environment that is the opposite of that. But as a first response, I hope we can once more look at the dashboard of how to measure progress, which I spoke about during the last few Budgets. This measurement of outcomes, apart from GDP, would help us to ensure that some things in the public sphere would not change so that we may find alternative spheres of wealth, rather than just be guided by economical thinking.[+3 sentences] Heritage should be kept alive, including our schools, community spaces, natural spaces that we and our parents went to. We should stem the erasure of community heritage currently perceived to be under threat from forces, such as rent and high operating costs. Our non-physical cultures in the form of languages, arts, hobbies need to be supported as they are threatened by "me first" ideology. The first step to do that is to start ways in which to quantify these sources of wealth, as I have called for previously with the developmental dashboard. It is, thus, very exciting to learn more about initiatives, such as the collaboration between NUS and the Tsao Pao Chee Institute to explore, using Singapore and China as case studies, a new framework integrating environmental, social and governance principles with inner development. The hope is that this work can help governments design systems rooted in sustainability, dignity and shared purpose beyond GDP as a measure of success.[+15 sentences] The Government also paints a tender picture of a community where the opposite of "me first" comprises citizens who give up seats on trains, taking initiatives. But there are also things which the Government should not directly try to affect. Using the analogy of a garden, we should note the symbiotic interactions between those living in it, the harmony between macrofauna and microfauna, down to tiny insects, and the essential interactions in the soil to help a garden thrive. As policy-maker and enforcer of the law, the Government plays the role of a gardener who occasionally pulls out infestations, provides bigger plots and waters the plants during times of drought. Having good intentions to prune carefully and balance fertiliser and pest control is essential, but not enough. The Government must also support the garden to grow, to allow it space to breathe. We must have reliable, physical and intangible spaces within the garden, combined with accessible ways of moving, that allow people to meet one another, like the void decks of old. How can we have a target population for a garden when we have not made space for denizens to discover themselves and grow? We must allow space for some rewilding. Stop worrying overly about the precise shape of our community. We must trust that by removing barriers, the inherent wisdom of a population with a mindset of abundance will eventually guide itself to an ever-evolving system that encourages us to flourish together. Mr Deputy Speaker, in Mandarin. (In Mandarin): Thank you very much for the support you have given me and my WP colleagues in recent years. Besides serving constituents, in this term of Parliament, we will continue to diligently carry out the mandate that Singaporeans have entrusted to us. In the legislative process, we will continue necessary governance oversight, and checks and balances. A sound political system needs to effectively and reasonably reflect different voices in society, including minority interests, avoiding monopolisation of politics by the majority.[+18 sentences] As one of the few opposition voices in a chamber dominated by one party, our responsibility is even greater. This year marks the 60th anniversary of independence. As Singaporeans, we should be proud of the achievements we have achieved together and feel fortunate for our success. Singapore, whether after independence, during the colonial period, or even earlier, has always been a society that accommodates various ethnic groups, religious beliefs, languages and cultures. Mutual respect, integration and maintaining an open attitude are the foundations behind Singapore's success. Facing turbulent and uncertain externality, we need to cherish our diversity even more, which allows us to communicate and have dialogue with people of different positions and find space for cooperation. We hope for sincere exchange and learn from it. What is needed is mutual tolerance, humble listening, honest sharing and seeking common ground whilst respecting differences, rather than deliberate avoidance or unnecessary reservations, and certainly not one-sided discourse. After all, a gentleman seeks harmony but not uniformity, whilst a petty person seeks uniformity but not harmony. Forcing others to accept oneself does not necessarily lead to greater harmony or inclusiveness. In an unpredictable environment, what is needed is bold thinking and bridge-building. We must understand that diversity is strength, not fearsome opposition or division to be feared. Singapore needs confidence, courage and magnanimity to face multi-faceted reality head-on. For Singaporeans of different backgrounds, the key should not be whether national consciousness is proclaimed verbally, but rather seeking understanding, giving each other support and encouragement, and working together to move forward. (In English): Finally, the health of our governance institutions, as a reminder of what we must do to set us on a path for an even brighter tomorrow. Singapore is safe, stable and in many ways, successful. But as the saying goes, "past performance is not a guarantee of future success". It is timely to ask if we have the right governance processes to safeguard these outcomes in the long term. In a changing world, we keep emphasising the need for institutional safeguards, such as ombudsmans, Select Committees, entrenching the independence of the Elections Department, not to check a box or just because it is an abstract concept we deem important.[+1 sentence] We do so because these are real important mechanisms for any nation to ensure that its future stability and gains are protected for many generations to come. Institutional safeguards also come in a form of oversight in a way our public bodies and public service operate, a clearer perceived neutrality of institutions, like the People's Association, to ensure public resources are not enmeshed with political goals, even in the way we allow the media an independent voice, voices to thrive without the shadow of the Protection from Online Falsehoods and Manipulation Act (POFMA) overreach. These are important foundational pillars to ensure that the excesses of no individual person or party can undo the successes we are proud of and that we will get policies right more often than we will get them wrong.[+1 sentence] They are not perfect, but they are designed to hold back the worst excesses, even when politics get heated. We need to ensure our guardrails are robust. We are also working to hope our politics never gets to that point of needing it, because no country, not even Singapore, is immune to shocks, to mistakes, or to excesses and we must design processes to ensure continuity and resilience To close, I also believe that the Government has a clear mandate with much political capital to spare in order to allow longer-term policies. But many Singaporeans would join my party colleagues and I thinking that the sign of a truly healthy Singapore is one where the colours worn by an elected MP should not matter when we work within the community.[+3 sentences] I wish the new Government all the best and success for delivering for Singapore because that is good for all of us. For while we may disagree on approaches, policies, implementation of economic strategies, the one thing that truly unites all of us here is the staunch belief that we will see Singapore succeed. And for that, all of us here in this House should hold our heads high as we work for the betterment of Singapore, for the safety and the future of those whom we love, more than love itself.
Mr Deputy Speaker4 words
[+1 sentence]Acting Minister Jeffrey Siow.
The Acting Minister for Transport and Senior Minister of State for Finance (Mr Jeffrey Siow)2448 words
[+45 sentences]Mr Deputy Speaker, I rise in support of the Motion. It is my honour to stand here for the first time in this House and I want to first thank the voters of Chua Chu Kang group representation constituency (GRC) for the opportunity to represent them in this 15th Parliament. Since joining politics, my life has changed in different ways. I have learnt how to sleep less. My daughter has observed that my eyebags have their own eyebags. I have less time to play football with my friends on Sundays. And even when I do, I am the most polite of players. When I get kicked on the back of the leg, I am the first to say, "Sorry, sorry". Life is different now, but my family keeps me going. So, I want to start by thanking all of them: my wife, my brother, my kids and my mother, who even comes to volunteer with me at my MPS. My family makes me feel that I am part of a team. I have always believed in the power of a team. In my public service career, I have changed roles every three to five years. So, often, I had to learn a new job from scratch. And so, I could never assume I had all the answers and therefore, my approach has always been to lean on the strengths of those in my team – so that together, we are more than the sum of the individual parts. As a political leader, my role is to make decisions on behalf of people. My approach is to be inclusive, to create space for voices to be heard and to build trust. This way, even issues that are divisive can be opportunities to build bridges. As Transport Minister, I have the chance to put this philosophy into practice. As you can expect, people give me feedback all the time. And this is a privilege because, actually, they are telling me their stories and every story is personal – the young couple who wants to buy a car, but finds it out of reach; a single mother who uses her personal mobility scooter to bring her three kids to preschool, even though she knows it is illegal; an office worker who ran in the rain, to catch her bus, but she just missed it; and a father splurging on a private car ride, so that he can get home in time to see his children before they go to bed. Hearing these stories, I understand why some people feel that the system is sometimes not working for them. They feel the hard edge of the policy. They feel they are on the wrong side of the line. I would solve every one of these individual problems, if I could, because these are not just matters of efficiency. These are matters of fairness and of dignity. But in a compact country like ours, transport needs necessarily collide. Pedestrians and cyclists share the same pavement. Cyclists and drivers share the same road. Everyone wants a bus stop just below their homes, but no one wants a bus that stops every 20 metres. In transport, trade-offs are unavoidable and yet, they are felt deeply and personally. And that is why it does not just matter what we do. It matters how we do it, and how we bring people along. And that is why my approach to policies will be to explain our considerations openly and honestly. What we give up, what we gain and why. Here, I have found that a personal touch really matters. It really makes a difference. A face-to-face meeting, a phone call, or a personal email that I write myself. Most Singaporeans, when I engage them this way, they are reasonable and fair, even when they disagree with the decision. Over time, I hope to win more people's trust. I know trust is won over time, with consistency of action and purpose. I must show that our processes are fair and my intentions are right. So, my approach is to be open and transparent, and thus, I welcome the Leader of Opposition, Mr Pritam Singh's earlier comments about how the WP will scrutinise the work of the Ministry of Transport (MOT) and the Rail Reliability Taskforce. In fact, I will welcome questions from all of us here in this Chamber because good questions are not the sole province of the opposition, but is the responsibility of all of us. This openness will help me build trust and with trust, the toughest compromises become possible. I have learnt this lesson as a young public officer. I was at MOT earlier, working on the Cross Island Line, a very important MRT Line, especially for the Northeast sector. On one side, engineers and policy-makers wanted the most direct route to keep travel times short and costs down. And the most direct route was under the Central Catchment Nature Reserve.[+7 sentences] But nature groups feared that the soil investigation drilling would harm the fragile ecosystem of the nature reserve. And so, they amassed in opposition and they pushed back. Arguments were heated. The project was delayed. But the important thing was both sides continued showing up and this gave us the time to hear each other out. In the end, nobody got everything that they wanted. But together, we found better ways forward. LTA adopted more innovative and less invasive methods.[+4 sentences] But most importantly, we built trust and as trust grew, stronger solutions for Singapore emerged. When I returned to MOT a few months ago, my nature group combatants, turned comrades, were the first to welcome me back, as friends. That experience has guided me since then – that trust can be built even when disagreements cut deep but only if we all commit to staying at the table, with the right heart and the right intent. And that is the spirit I want to bring to shape our transport future. In the next few weeks, the LTA will launch consultations for the next iterations of the Land Transport Masterplan.[+5 sentences] We want to engage more Singaporeans than ever before – commuters, drivers, cyclists, seniors, persons with disabilities, mobility device users. We want to bring all of them together to have deeper conversations and to weigh trade-offs. My hope is simple: that more Singaporeans feel that the system works for them and that their story matters. Building common ground helps us balance today's needs but it does not solve tomorrow's problems. To ease the pressures of zero-sum choices, we must create new ground – new choices, new capacity, new options and possibilities. For example, 15 years ago, we did not have private hire cars.[+6 sentences] We only had taxis. The older ones amongst us will remember that it was almost impossible to get a taxi on a Friday night or on a rainy day. Then, Uber and Grab arrived. With more cars and flexible fares, more Singaporeans could access door-to-door transport, on a pay per use basis, rather than having to drive or to use or to purchase a car. Initially, taxi drivers feared that private hire cars would undercut them. But in fact, both sets of drivers benefited from more business and higher earnings If back then, the Government had blocked the entry of Uber and Grab, we would all have been worse off. But we took the long-term view, and everyone benefited. And that is why we are now looking to bring in autonomous vehicles (AVs) because AVs will add a new option to move Singaporeans around.[+4 sentences] Imagine a safe ride home, after a late night out; imagine a doorstep pick-up, to the polyclinic for your medical check-up; imagine doing emails or listening to a podcast in a car, without having to drive; imagine new and exciting jobs for our people, especially our young. New possibilities open up when we focus on creation, rather than division. In sea and air transport, we have done the same. We dreamt up possibilities that did not exist before, like the world's largest automated port, like our now-iconic Jewel. With Tuas Port and Changi Terminal 5, we are once again building boldly, creating the capacity for decades to come.[+19 sentences] We are summoning the same spirit of creation for our economy. Deputy Prime Minister Gan spoke about the Economic Strategy Review. I co-chair the Committee on Global Competitiveness with Senior Minister of State Low Yen Ling. Our Committee comprises a new generation of Singaporean business leaders, who know what it takes to survive and to thrive in today's world. All of us share a deep sense of urgency. We see how the world may be moving against us. For decades, Singapore benefited from globalisation and free trade. But as the President explained in his address and as Deputy Prime Minister has explained in his speech, the rules have shifted. Larger economies are raising tariffs and subsidising their core industrial champions. As a small country, we cannot match them dollar-for-dollar, land-for-land. This is a big risk, but it is also an opportunity to retool, to move into spaces where others hesitate, to attract new industries for Singapore and create new jobs for Singaporeans. And we have done this before. We joined up seven islands to create Jurong Island, to build a petrochemical hub. We invested in semi-conductors when others felt that we could succeed. We grew our biomedical industry from washing test tubes to producing vaccines. And we even built a world-class integrated resort, on land reclaimed from the sea. These were not just about maintaining the status quo. These were acts of creation. And now, it is time for us to do it again. Our ambition is to be an enterprise hub, where companies are born, grow and scale to the world to become champions. We will place bigger bets on the industries of the future – advanced materials, robotics, precision medicine, space.[+8 sentences] These bets may feel uncomfortable. Not everything will succeed but if just one, two or three of these bets come good, they will transform our economy and carry Singapore to the next level. Industries are only part of the story. What matters most is whether Singaporeans can step into these new opportunities that we create. With a faster pace of economic change, people will have more career transitions. Fewer people will climb a single career ladder like I did, almost did. Most will have multiple jobs, move across many jobs and industries across their lifetimes. Career transitions can be unsettling if faced alone. But in Singapore, no one should feel alone. We only have 3.6 million Singaporeans, so we can help every person reskill and reinvent themselves to unlock each person's potential, again and again, to bring out the best in every one of us, as the world changes.[+24 sentences] Of course, a career change can feel daunting. It can feel emotional. It can feel vulnerable. In these moments, a word of encouragement, a gesture of care can make all the difference. I experienced this myself. When I decided to join politics, I felt unsettled, too. I was a civil servant and I did not know how I would fare under public scrutiny and politics was a whole new ballgame. In April, I had to make my first political speech. I remember rehearsing in a corner, slightly nervously. Then-Senior Minister Teo Chee Hean walked by. We did not know each other very well before, but he came over, he placed his hands on my shoulders and said, "As long as you are doing the right thing, do not worry about what other people say." His words made all the difference to me that day. It gave me the strength to step forward and to speak like a lion. To unlock the full potential of Singaporeans, we must support one another. We are one team. Encourage others instead of criticising them. When friends and family try new things, celebrate them. When they make mistakes, help them. Treat others' success as if they were our own. Because when one of us rises, all of us rise together. Mr Speaker, this is who I am. Someone who believes in unity without uniformity. Someone who wants to create what has yet to be imagined. Someone who believes that we achieve more when we work together. At the heart of my team today is our transport workers: rail maintenance workers working in the dead of night, our bus captains working split shifts, frontline customer service officers who maintain their composure even under public pressure, private hire car drivers trying to make ends meet, all of them are part of my team.[+5 sentences] I am responsible for them. They keep our system going. They will always have my support and I hope they will have yours, too. Not long ago, I read a letter that was published in the Lianhe Zaobao. It was titled "请把父亲还给我", or please return my father to me. It was written by a young woman whose father had been a bus captain for 20 years. She wrote about the long hours that her father worked, often on the hardest shifts.[+15 sentences] When she asked him if work was more important than family, he replied, "The company needs me. I have to do it." At the end of her letter, she wrote, "家庭，才是人生最不该错过的末班车". Family is the last bus in life that we must never miss. That story moved me. It reminded me of my own relationship with my father. He, too, worked long hours in a coffee shop. Growing up, I wished for his presence even though I understood his absence. Now, I find myself feeling the same tensions. Some evenings, my children would see me heading out. They would ask, "Where are you going, Daddy?" I wonder in those moments, if I am giving them enough. They are teenagers now. They do not need me to tuck them into bed anymore. But they still need me to listen, to be present and to show up. I feel a tinge in my heart, but I know that my work matters. I am helping to build the country that we all share, where people can get home on time for dinner with their families, where a daughter can see her bus captain dad because we support the people who keep our country running.[+1 sentence] Our country will never be perfect. But it can be one that we are all proud of. That is why I will keep going for every Singaporean, for a Singapore where no one walks alone.[+1 sentence] The way forward is together, with our families, our friends and as one nation, because the meaningful things in life cannot be done alone.
Mr Deputy Speaker8 words
[+1 sentence]Mr Kenneth Tiong, do you have a clarification?
Mr Kenneth Tiong Boon Kiat (Aljunied)127 words
[+10 sentences]I thank Deputy Prime Minister Gan for his speech. I have three clarifications. First, the Deputy Prime Minister said there was a 5% above-trend growth scenario, which was going to be driven by high-growth sectors. What is the composition of reskilled labour and new labour input? If the Deputy Prime Minister has those assumptions driving the model? My second question is, there has been an increasing number of AI labs setting up here, like Mistral and Google. I understand that they have been accorded incentives. What are the report cards for these incentives accorded to them? The third question, given that both Ministers have mentioned space, is that I noticed there is no space agency here. I would like to ask if that is in the works.
Mr Deputy Speaker21 words
[+3 sentences]Are those your three clarifications to one of the Ministers and no more clarifications? Alright. Deputy Prime Minister Gan Kim Yong.
Mr Gan Kim Yong691 words
[+2 sentences]I thought that there were no more clarifications, I almost left. Anyway, I am glad to have the questions. First, let me explain that the potential high growth industries will also involve the training and upskilling of workers.[+1 sentence] I have mentioned in my speech. This will involve programmes that we will put in place, including SkillsFuture programmes as well as the SkillsFuture Level-Up Programme.[+12 sentences] Exactly what skills we will need is something that we will have to work through with the industries that we are promoting. When we bring in the industries, they will need new skills, new workers. Existing workers have to be upskilled, have to be retrained. This is something that we have to also prepare ahead of time. Even as we negotiate and discuss with new industries coming in, we will already start talking about the type of workers that they need, the type of skills that they need. Some of the industries that we bring in may already exist in Singapore. They may be upgrading their production, upgrading their operations, moving into higher value-added activities. In that case, they may also need to upgrade their workers who are already in their companies. It is a combination of new workers and existing workers upgrading, new skills. This will be an entire transformation that we will need to go through. It is part and parcel of our tripartite efforts. We work with companies, we work with our trade unions, our worker representatives to see how we can support their skills upgrading and retraining journey. The Member has asked about AI labs, yes, we have set up quite a lot of AI initiatives at different levels.[+16 sentences] First, at the broad level, we would like to encourage companies to embrace AI technology so that their workers at all levels are familiar with the use of AI and confident in using AI-enabled tools going forward. So, this is a very broad baseline. It is a little bit like digitalisation previously, where we wanted to encourage all our workers to be digitally ready so that they are comfortable with using digital tools. Similarly for AI, at the first level, we want to have a broad adoption and acceptance of AI technology and skills. At the second level, within the companies, for companies that are bigger, we want to encourage them to invest in building up AI capability within the company. These are what we call company-based AI centres of excellence. We support them, we encourage them, we help them, we give them grants so that they are able to build up their AI capability. These are in the beginning stage. They will take some time for them to be able to familiarise with and to be able to be confident in building up their AI centres of excellence. At the third level, there are also a lot of companies that are much smaller. They do not have the confidence to be able to build company-based AI centres of excellence. So, they want to be able to tap on some national platforms. That is why we also have national, sectoral-based AI centres of excellence. One example is in manufacturing, which we have already set up. We make that facility available to manufacturing companies, to tap on this capacity so that they can build their AI capability. Once they are familiar and confident, if they want to build our own company-based AI centre of excellence, they can do so, as and when they are ready. So, we adopt a multipronged approach in building AI capability in Singapore.[+2 sentences] You mentioned space. Indeed, we do have a space office. It is called OSTIn, Office for Space Technology and Industry. This is an agency that oversees the development of space technology. This is an area that we have an interest in because with the emergence of communication requirements, especially with 5G technology, low-orbit communication has become a very important sector that we want to grow.[+3 sentences] That is why we are also focusing on developing our space industry in Singapore. But it is still early days. We do want to explore the different possibilities and opportunities in space technology.
Mr Deputy Speaker11 words
[+2 sentences]No further clarifications, Mr Tiong? Minister of State Dinesh Vasu Dash.
The Minister of State for Culture, Community and Youth, and Manpower (Mr Dinesh Vasu Dash)2264 words
[+1 sentence]Mr Deputy Speaker, Sir, I rise in support of the Motion to thank our President for his address. Before I proceed, may I please be allowed to say a few words in Tamil? : Hon Deputy Speaker and Members of this House, greetings. My father would often tell me how when my grandfather came from India to Singapore, what he had with him was only hope and hard work. He worked as a contractor who engages construction workers. It was hard work; but he never once complained. The explanation he gave my father was: "I work hard today so that tomorrow, you can live well." This story is not just the story of my family alone.[+58 sentences] It is the story of countless Indian forefathers too. They came as labourers, traders, and teachers. They endured hardship. Yet, at the same time, they also grew their families. They established schools, temples, mosques, churches and community organisations. All these have stood the test of time till today. It is their sacrifices then, that has uplifted our generations today. In recent times, new Indian immigrants have come to Singapore. Many of them have come here to study or work. As days went, they did not return home and made Singapore their permanent home. Their aspirations are similar to our pioneers – good family, sufficient income and commitment to the country. Today, the Indian community is diverse. We are Tamils, Punjabis, Gujaratis, Malayalees, Telugus, Sindhis and many others. We are Hindus, Muslims, Christians, Sikhs. But above these- we are Singaporeans! And this is why I stand here today, not only as a representative of the Indian community, but as a part of the Singapore community. Our community’s progress is not apart from the country’s progress. It is a part of it. That is what Mr S Rajaratnam, who brought glory to the Indian community and the country, emphasised. He has said, any one community should not preserve its own traditions alone, but create a united Singapore. These words are solemn to us. These words are especially important, given how the world is divided by language, race and religion. Singapore’s’ strength lies in the unity that we find amidst our differences. For this unity, every community must make its contributions. When our youths excel in education, when our seniors are fine, when our families are prosperous – this is not just a community’s achievement; it is Singapore’s victory. As I embark my journey in this House, I hold the stories of our forefathers, the hopes of Singaporeans and new immigrants and the words of leaders such as Mr Rajaratnam in my heart. Let us continue to build a strong and prosperous society. May excellent Singapore excel onward. : Mr Speaker, we live in uncertain and fractious times. We face a shifting global order, the real impact of climate change and the lingering aftershocks of a once-in-a-generation pandemic. The world today feels more volatile, polarised and far more anxious than before. We are facing profound challenges within Singapore too – a rapidly ageing society, the rise in technology, potentially displacing jobs and greater individualism. We are also not immune to the global trends and impact of rising populism and protectionism. However, this is not the first time Singapore had seen trouble. Our founding generation faced severe, existential concerns, yet both the Government and people worked together to defy all odds and transform Singapore. My generation was born after the trauma of Separation, but we had our challenges too. While there was palpable economic growth, there were uncertainties, economic crises and we did not take anything for granted. Like many families then, my brother and I were taught to treasure what little we had and to always care for those who needed help. This had been the ethos of the Singapore story. We had our crises too. When the COVID-19 pandemic hit, I saw first-hand how the leadership worked hand in hand with our people to save lives and livelihoods. I consider it an honour to have served Singapore during the pandemic and to have the voice of the underprivileged be represented as I served, solved problems and pushed boundaries. Today's generation faces different challenges and a different lived experience. In fact, in my conversations with young Singaporeans, I hear both optimism and unease. They believe in Singapore, but they want their voices to be heard. And they want to know that this country will work for them even as the world changes. This will therefore be my first area of focus: our youths. Understandably, their points of reference are different from ours, where development exists, systems work but there are expectations for them to work better. While there are more opportunities both locally and overseas, our youths are apprehensive about their type of jobs, their families, their future and about global justice, climate change and the environment. To them, I say, "Your voice matters. My colleagues and I are committed to listening to you to understand your concerns and to work with you to fulfil your dreams". This generation understands different pathways to success and has what it takes to overcome the hurdles that life throws at them. Take, for example, Mr Wong Kah Chun. While performing for the SAF military band during his National Service, he suffered a nerve injury. During his recovery, he discovered his talent in being a composer and a conductor. After receiving the Lee Kuan Yew scholarship and scoring the first prize at the Gustav Mahler Conducting Competition, Kah Chun had many notable appearances such as being appointed as chief conductor to Germany's Nuremberg Symphony Orchestra and the Japan Philharmonic Orchestra. Last year, he was appointed the principal conductor and artistic adviser of The Hallee, a 165-year-old symphony orchestra based in Manchester in the United Kingdom. This year, he made history as the first Singaporean to conduct at the BBC Promenade Concerts, the world famous classical music festival held annually in London. Kah Chun had blazed the trail and had shown young Singaporeans that it is possible to carve out meaningful careers even in less conventional fields. When I asked him for his message to younger Singaporeans, he said, "Dream boldly, work with discipline and always remember that our heritage can be the source of our greatest creativity." These are very profound words from a Singaporean youth that we are all very proud of. However, there are anxieties on the availability of jobs and potential displacements due to technology as well as global economic shifts.[+8 sentences] To this, I would say, "Do not despair. My colleagues and I at MOM will do whatever we can to help to be a bridge for you and to help to connect you to jobs, assess your career health, highlight industries that are growing and to help you acquire the skills needed for roles in these sectors". Further, in my capacity as the co-chair of the Economic Strategy Review Committee on Entrepreneurship, I hope to be able to provide new opportunities to help fulfil your aspirations. My fellow co-chair Minister of State Alvin Tan and I are determined to create a bustling culture of entrepreneurship where our youths would be able to fulfil personal aspirations and in the process, solidify Singapore's place as an entrepreneurship hub. This is another clear reflection of how the Government works with all Singaporeans to provide for better, more prosperous futures by connecting them to jobs. While we secure the futures of our young, we must continue to value and respect those who had built Singapore, past and present. This brings me to my second area of focus: our seniors. Singapore has been designated as a Blue Zone 2.0 country as our residents have exceptionally long life expectancies. Singapore's longevity is attributed to an engineered environment, which is almost exclusively based on Government policies, urban planning and a population that is generally health conscious. We are expected to be super aged by the year 2026. One in four residents will be above the age of 65 by 2030.[+21 sentences] In fact, in my constituency in Bedok and Siglap, one in four residents are already above the age of 65. We are five years ahead of schedule. If I were to expand the age bracket to those who are above 60, 32% or almost one third of my residents would qualify. Many of our seniors are fit and active and have much to contribute to our nation, including our workforce. We should provide as many opportunities as possible, especially for those who are willing and able to work. The Ministry of Health's (MOH's) Healthier SG and Age Well SG have been significant programmes that have the potential to change the ageing landscape in Singapore. With the speed and comprehensive nature of the rollout of both initiatives, particularly Age Well SG, residents of HDB towns would benefit tremendously from such programmes. Given the sheer number of seniors among us, it would be useful to expand the programme, which includes social gatherings, exercise and therapy sessions, to include private estates as well. Unfortunately, not all of us will be able to age gracefully. Some of us might unfortunately be affected by illnesses and disease. This might be so despite our best efforts in taking care of ourselves and living wisely. My wife's grandmother was one such person. Suffering from a severe mental illness for many years, I could see the psychological toll it took on her entire family. Nevertheless, my in-laws took it in their stride and did their duty, always with a warm, loving smile until her last days. I believe more can be done to support our seniors like my wife's grandmother and their families. I wish to continue to push for initiatives both at the policy and implementation levels and to be a voice for our seniors to live dignified lives. My third area of focus will be on protecting the vulnerable. One of our key policy pillars had been that families and society formed the basic safety nets for individuals with disabilities. However, with competing demands, reducing family sizes and Singapore's economic development, it is not unreasonable for there to be an expectation for the state to do slightly more – not for the Government to be the sole safety net but to play a stronger role. For those who may be able to work, we should be giving them a fair wage for their efforts. MOM had been rolling out the Progressive Wage Model (PWM). Most recently, I announced the PWM for the retail sector. The PWM is the Government's way of ensuring that the most vulnerable among our workers are protected and that their salaries are increased in tandem to cope with the cost of living.[+6 sentences] To complement the Government's efforts, businesses must also continue to restructure themselves and workers must acquire new skills to remain employable. We must not forget our migrant workers, who take on much of the toil that Singaporeans prefer not to do. Our buildings and infrastructure are built on their blood, sweat and tears. As if their daily contributions are not enough, they occasionally transform into superheroes to save Singaporeans in need. In my capacity at MOM, I have had the pleasure of working closely with our migrant workers and hope that Singaporeans will continue to open their hearts to them and to support them, not only when they perform heroic acts from time to time. Speaking of daily superheroes, the demands on caregivers, particularly those taking care of physically or intellectually disabled people, can be time consuming and both emotionally and financially draining. I do think more should be done to support our caregivers. I was therefore happy to inaugurate the Enabling Services Hub at Block 28 at New Upper Changi Road, which was a ground up initiative between my grassroots, SG Enable and like-minded partners. Together, the hub aims to provide services for those with intellectual and physical disabilities and for our caregivers to have a reprieve from their daily responsibilities. Take, for example, Mdm Wendy Goh, who had been making four trips every week for her 21-year-old daughter, Nicole Chew, who has an intellectual disability, from their home in Bedok to Tampines. As we can imagine, this was difficult and draining. Now, with the Enabling Services Hub at Block 28, Nicole can join inclusive activities that would help her learn, grow and connect with others in the community closer to home.[+9 sentences] Ultimately, Singaporeans facing physical or mental disabilities together with their families deserve to live fulfilling lives. I will do my best to ensure that no one is left behind. The uncertainties in the world are likely to continue. There could be pressures on our resolve and unity. Some may draw comparisons between the haves and the have-nots. Others may turn nativist, trying to draw the distinction between second- or third-generation with first-generation Singaporeans. During such times, we should strengthen our resolve and fall back on our values. We have always celebrated ground up initiatives based on self reliance and a strong work ethic, just like my in-laws. Hence, wanting to be a "we first" society does not mean that we were wholly individualistic previously. Indeed, we celebrate and strengthen ourselves to be one united Singapore, a Singapore where our vulnerable are able to live dignified lives, a Singapore where everyone is respected, a Singapore where individual contributions are honoured and cherished regardless of age, and a Singapore where our youth would continue to have a bright future.[+1 sentence] Mr Speaker, Sir, I support the Motion.
Mr Speaker3 words
[+1 sentence]Mr Melvin Yong.
Mr Melvin Yong Yik Chye (Radin Mas)1455 words
[+7 sentences]Thank you, Mr Speaker, for allowing me to join the debate. Sir, I stand in support of the Motion. I would like to thank Mr President for laying out the key priorities for this new term of Government. I agree with Mr President that our nation’s success must never be measured by economic growth alone. It must be judged by how we support the vulnerable and how we enable every Singaporean to contribute and to live with dignity. As we begin the 15th Parliament, it is timely to reflect on how far we have come in uplifting our lower-wage workers, and more importantly, the work that still lies ahead. Over the last decade, we have made significant strides in improving the wages, welfare and work conditions of our lower-wage workers. Between 2019 and 2024, the real wages of workers at the 20th percentile grew by 5.9% – outpacing the 3.6% growth for the median worker.[+4 sentences] This shows that our policies are lifting those at the lower end of the wage ladder. Some ask why Singapore has not adopted a universal minimum wage. The answer lies in the strength of our PWM. Unlike a single wage floor applied across the board, PWM is tailored to specific sectors, covers over 40 job roles today and enables workers to progress through skills and productivity. Today, more than 155,000 workers across nine sectors and occupations are covered by PWM.[+2 sentences] Take the cleaning sector. A decade ago, a general office cleaner earned about $600. Today, the entry wage is at least $1,910.[+2 sentences] Workers like Azizah Abdul Majeed, a single mother who upgraded herself from part-time cleaner to team leader, show how PWM creates dignity, career progression and better livelihoods. In the security sector, the basic monthly wage of an entry-level security officer was about $1,100 in 2016. From 1 January 2025, that basic wage rose to at least $2,870 and by 2028, it will further increase to about $3,530.[+33 sentences] Many security officers are now running digital systems and handling crowd-control duties – roles now seen as skilled professions. Just as important are the personal stories behind these numbers. One example is Sivamani Taigrajan, whose father once worked long hours as a security guard to support the family. Today, as a Security Supervisor, she leads a command centre, embraces new technology and inspires others to join the industry. More than higher pay, she now has pride and purpose in a profession that has been transformed by PWM. At the national level, inequality has narrowed. The Gini coefficient has fallen from 0.464 in 2014 to 0.435 in 2024. This is before transfers and taxes. If we take into account both transfers and taxes, the Gini coefficient drops further to 0.364. Sir, these achievements were not overnight. They were built on strong tripartite trust and tough negotiations. In 2021, the Tripartite Workgroup on Lower-Wage Workers put forth 18 recommendations. I am glad to know that by working together, by July 2023, all 18 recommendations were implemented. Each year, the National Wages Council, another tripartite platform, continues to issue guidelines with a strong focus on uplifting our lower-wage workers. While progress has been made, the journey is far from complete. Inflation continues to weigh heavily. NTUC’s June 2025 Survey showed that lower-income households are most worried about the rising costs of food, groceries and healthcare. Many are also supporting both young children and elderly parents. Workers know upskilling is key but often struggle to identify relevant training or meaningful career opportunities. I had spoken about this before, in this house, highlighting the two common questions that workers have: train what? Train for what? Long working hours remain an issue. In security, officers still work 12-hour shifts, six days a week. Higher wages cannot come at the expense of health, well-being and family life. The talent pipelines remain thin. Younger Singaporeans are not joining PWM sectors in sufficient numbers, raising concerns about long-term sustainability for the service providers. Implementation challenges also persist. PWM wage negotiations are becoming tougher in today’s economic climate and close monitoring is needed to prevent uneven application or cost-shifting. These challenges make it even more critical that our tripartite partners stand firm in upholding fair and sustainable outcomes for our workers. Amidst these challenges, NTUC and our unions will continue to work hard to ensure that wages keep pace and workers are not left behind. Beyond wages, our unions play a hands-on role: negotiating fairer workplace conditions, supporting upskilling and providing aid through our NTUC U Care Fund for members and their families facing financial stress. But our mission is far from complete. Income at the 20th percentile is about 55% of median income – short of the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) benchmark of two-thirds. To close this gap, NTUC believes it is timely to convene a refreshed Tripartite Workgroup on Lower-Wage Workers to chart the next bound of progress.[+10 sentences] This group must be bold, ambitious, and focused on both wages and sustained career progression. NTUC will also seek to broaden and deepen the impact of the PWM in two key areas. First, by placing stronger emphasis on productivity as the enabler of sustainable wage growth. For example, 800 Super Waste Management, they work with the Built Environment and Urban Trades Employees’ Union (BATU), deployed AI-enabled recycling bins under a Company Training Committee framework. This boosted productivity, reduced contamination and more importantly, enabled higher-value jobs with a 5% pay increase for 100 workers. Second, by expanding PWM into more sectors. One area that I have raised before is Pest Management, an essential service in public health but still plagued by low wages and high attrition. A PWM here would create structured career and wage ladders, strengthening both livelihoods and the resilience of the sector. Beyond PWM, the Local Qualifying Salary (LQS) ensures that firms hiring foreign manpower also uplift local wages. The last increase brought the threshold to $1,600 in July 2024. NTUC calls on the Government to further raise the LQS in this term of Government to narrow the gap between lower-wage and median workers.[+11 sentences] At the same time, NTUC recognises that some workers may need more help. Through the NTUC U Care Fund, we will continue to support vulnerable families and those hit by sudden hardship. NTUC's enterprises also play a part. The FairPrice Group, for example, continues to keep essentials affordable, helping families cope even as wages rise. The Labour Movement has, and will continue to, do our part in helping to nurture a "we first" society at every level. Mr Speaker, allow me to speak a few words in Mandarin. (In Mandarin): Over the past decade, the PWM has become an important cornerstone of our tripartite cooperation. We can see that income inequality in our country has narrowed, which proves that our policies to raise the wages of low-income workers are indeed effective. Behind these numbers are the real workers and families: the cleaning uncle supporting his family's needs, the security officer spending more time with his family or the pest management worker seeking career development and recognition. NTUC will continue to walk the journey with low wage workers, working hand-in-hand with the Government, employers and the wider community to build a fairer and more inclusive Singapore. For the new term of this Government, I urge the Government to continue pressing forward boldly. First, further expand the coverage of the PWMs. Second, raise the threshold for Local Qualifying Salary (LQS).[+2 sentences] Third, strengthen support for training and upscaling. Only in this way can we further narrow the income gap, drive sustained wage growth and enable every worker to progress with dignity. : Sir, over the past decade, PWM has become a cornerstone of our labour compact. Government data has shown that wages for those at the 20th percentile has risen higher than the median.[+4 sentences] And consequently, income inequality has narrowed. More importantly, behind these numbers are real workers and real families: the cleaner supporting his children’s education, the security officer spending more time with his family, or the pest management worker seeking career recognition. NTUC remains firmly committed to walking this journey with our workers. Together with our tripartite partners and the wider community, we will continue to build a fairer, more inclusive Singapore, where no worker is left behind. As we embark on this new term, I urge the Government to press on boldly with Progressive Wage expansion, further raise the LQS and strengthen support for training and upskilling. These moves are essential to close the income gap, secure sustainable wage growth and uphold our shared vision of a society where every worker can progress with dignity – because at NTUC, we firmly believe that Every Worker Matters.
[+1 sentence]Mr Speaker, in the President's Address, Mr Tharman relayed the Government’s vision of a "we first" society where Singaporeans would "put the collective before the self", or the "we" before the "me". This reiterates the Prime Minister's message in his National Day Rally about the importance of "feeling that we are all in this together and not just looking out for our own self-interest".[+2 sentences] Sir, we know Singaporeans are not selfish people. Our citizens do not only care for their self-interest. Time and again, Singaporeans have demonstrated their public-spirited and civic-minded character. Our communities have robust and longstanding traditions of acting in solidarity for the sake of the collective interest.[+1 sentence] I am sure the House is familiar with the term "gotong royong". Many older Malays, especially those who lived in kampungs, may fondly remember participating in a rewang for a kenduri, where extended relatives and even neighbours would come to help the host family prepare for a wedding. We can also look at how the Chinese community rallied together to establish the old Nanyang University. Nantah was a monumental achievement of collective sacrifice and solidarity.[+1 sentence] I want to recount the words of Han Suyin from her autobiography "My House Has Two Doors", where she described the collective founding of Nantah.
Speaker not recorded1801 words
[+5 sentences]She wrote, "How many oyster omelettes, sliced crab, noodles of all kinds went into Nanyang University? The trishaw pedallers of Singapore and Malaya pedaled for three days and turned it all in for Nanyang University, and theirs was the greatest sacrifice, for they were so very poor." She goes on to say, "Rubber tappers flocked to give; they know that their children would never have a chance to go to university, but it was a gesture of cultural identity. It was incredible and magnificent, and it must be remembered." More importantly, our sense of generosity and solidarity extends cross-communally. The Straits Times reported on 27 June that the Singaporean public raised more than $2.4 million in aid for Gaza. I was especially heartened to learn that our local temples were among the many donors to the cause.[+10 sentences] Mr Speaker, I hope my point here is clear: Singaporeans have always been willing to work for the common good. Singaporeans do care about others and we are able to see beyond our own personal interests. In fact, our success in nation-building is a testament to our citizens working together for the public well-being. Sir, the President spoke of a "we first" society where "success is not measured only by personal achievement, but by what we do together for the common good." But why do Singaporeans now appear to be more concerned about their personal achievements over the common good? I want to raise two possible factors. The first relates to the unintended consequences of meritocracy. The second is the growing sense of precariousness that many Singaporeans feel. Mr Speaker, allow me to elaborate on these in Malay. (In Malay): Our emphasis on meritocracy is meant to ensure that talent is appropriately rewarded and to encourage social mobility on the basis of achievement, rather than affiliation, and capability, rather than connection. In practice, however, there is a tension within meritocracy between its "elitist and egalitarian strands," as Prof Kenneth Paul Tan once noted in his article "Meritocracy and Elitism in a Global City". Prof Tan explained that meritocracy appears fair since it supposedly applies a "principle of non-discrimination". He also warned that meritocracy can be a practice that conceals the real advantages and disadvantages that are unevenly distributed to different segments and perpetuates inequality in an unequal society.[+12 sentences] Meritocracy, when taken to an extreme, can promote the wrong impression: that those who succeed mistakenly believe that their success was achieved solely because they worked hard. Meanwhile, those who are left behind are assumed to deserve being left behind because they have not worked hard enough. This demonstrates how meritocracy can be turned into an "ideology", as described by Syed Hussein Alatas in his book "The Myth of the Lazy Native". As an ideology, meritocracy is not just a mechanism to identify and sort talent, but it also becomes a belief to justify and explain away inequality and the lot of those left behind. Such a belief can be corrosive to a "we first" society because it suggests that those who are struggling deserve to be struggling. It creates the impression that the poor and the disadvantaged should suffer what they must since they are not hardworking enough, or not smart enough, or not capable enough. It is also difficult to foster a "we first" society when the ethos of meritocracy tends to contribute to a narrative of "winners" and "losers". When we find ourselves always trying to stay ahead and avoid losing out, it is not surprising that we become more concerned about personal achievement rather than the common good. This brings me to my point about precariousness. Many Singaporeans live with a sense of precariousness. This is especially acute among the lower-income segments of the population. Many are feeling squeezed by the rising costs of living. In fact, some of our professionals, in order to support their families, even have to work a second job as a Grab driver in the evenings and weekends.[+21 sentences] Meanwhile, our local entrepreneurs also find themselves increasingly priced out by rental hikes. Sir, this is the reality for many Singaporeans. They feel as though their lives are precarious, their futures and their children's futures are deeply uncertain, and they worry that everything they have worked hard for could be lost with just one unfortunate mistake or accident. : Mr Speaker, I just explained that when we uncritically idealise meritocracy, we risk blaming the disadvantaged for their plight and lauding the successful for their fortune. We cripple our own willingness to aid those who live paycheck to paycheck, those who are, today, condemned to an increasingly precarious existence. I make the point about precariousness to highlight how difficult it is to think about the "we", when the "me" is valiantly struggling to make ends meet and eke out a living. Sir, it is unreasonable to expect our people to think "we first" without first addressing how many of our citizens feel that they are already overworked and over-burdened. Sir, I wish to offer my own thoughts about a "we first" society. The House should not just exhort our citizens to do more, but also call on the Government to take the lead in ensuring that all Singaporeans can pursue a dignified life. Moreover, I believe that when each and every person is afforded with dignity, it can lead to a more civic and public-minded behaviour. What do I mean by dignity? It means that no matter their background and no matter their lot in life, every Singaporean must be able to contribute to society and receive support from society. Importantly, this means that those who are falling behind or may need additional help are regarded with respect and their needs properly accommodated, instead of being treated as a burden on others. On this occasion, Sir, I want to focus on dignity as it relates to our elderly. It is unconscionable that some of them remain classed among the working poor, having to make a living through menial jobs, even in their 60s and 70s. Every Member of this House would have met the cleaners, delivery workers and hawker stall assistants in their constituencies who are forced to persist in gruelling labour, despite their advanced age and sometimes, in spite of health issues. Some of them might even find themselves having to live in rental homes with other strangers. Even as I admire their resilience and work ethic, I am sure that we can do better for our elderly. This House would surely agree that being forced into this situation is not a dignified way of living out one's golden years. We all want the best for our elderly. More importantly, we do not resent or begrudge them as they develop more needs as they grow older. Rather, we recognise that it is a matter of their dignity that we do our best to accommodate those needs. The Government has, indeed, moved in this direction of better supporting our elderly, including increasing its healthcare expenditure from $10 billion in 2019 to $20.9 billion in 2025.[+3 sentences] However, a "we first" society, especially one as wealthy as ours, must also attend to our elderly's post-material needs to enable them to pursue a life of dignity. To live your golden years, with peace of mind in a quiet place that you can call your own, without having to worry about your next meal, medical bill or bus ride. Such a life of dignity is surely what we owe to our Pioneer and Merdeka generations after they have devoted their prime years to Singapore. When the Minimum Income Standard 2023 report was previously discussed in this House, there was much debate over whether "a sense of belonging, respect, security and independence" was a "basic need" or "aspirational".[+1 sentence] To me, however, the more pertinent question is: what can we do to make it easier for our senior citizens to live a dignified life, to feel respected and secure as our fellow citizens and recognise that they do belong to Singapore, as independent and autonomous persons rather than a social burden? At the very least, we can make their lives easier by offering them free off-peak travel on public transport as the WP has proposed in our manifesto.[+2 sentences] In facilitating their mobility, the elderly not only retain their independence and autonomy, but it can also encourage their participation in social activities and allow them to continue being an active member of society. And I am sure that most, if not all, Singaporeans would not begrudge offering such dignity to the elderly. After all, it will be an affirmation that our elderly belong here as a part of the collective "we". I want to emphasise the importance of dignity because while we remain conscious of the costs, eldercare should be more than a matter of considering cost and economic efficiency. Instead, it is about our collective values as a society and how we choose to take care of the vulnerable among us. I highlighted the plight of our elderly poor, Mr Speaker, to demonstrate how the pursuit of a "we first" society is for naught if the "we" is not properly inclusive and allows certain groups of Singaporeans to lag behind.[+13 sentences] A "we first" society must be sensitive to the different needs of different groups, which includes being prepared to offer an extra helping hand if the situation requires it. Aimé Césaire once poetically described how "there is a place for all at the Rendezvous of Victory". Sir, I am sure that this House agrees that Singapore, at our own Rendezvous of Victory, must be a place for all – that when we win, we all win. This, however, requires the Government to sometimes step in, so that each and every Singaporean has the opportunity to lead a life with dignity. This creates a virtuous circle, when all of us are assured the opportunity to pursue a life of dignity, it comes naturally to us to be more attentive and extend our consideration to those who are disadvantaged or not as fortunate. As I have stated at the outset, Singaporeans are not selfish people. We care for others and we follow that up with concrete actions. History has shown that we are able to set aside our personal interests and, sometimes, even sacrifice them for a common cause. These sentiments of collective solidarity, however, cannot simply be forced. But they can be nurtured by ensuring that all citizens have the resources and opportunities needed to pursue a dignified life. This would foster the sense of security and belonging necessary to motivate collective action. In other words, it is only when each one of us feels that we are truly valued members of society that we can become a "we first" society. Mr Speaker, I support the Motion.
Mr Speaker3 words
[+1 sentence]Mr Zaqy Mohamad.
The Senior Minister of State for Defence, and Sustainability and the Environment (Mr Zaqy Mohamad)3803 words
[+26 sentences]Mr Speaker, the world today is being reshaped by powerful forces. Earlier, Deputy Prime Minister Gan and Members of the House spoke about geopolitical tension, economic volatility, technological disruption and the looming crisis of climate change. Today, I will focus on one of the greatest threats to our generation, that is, climate disruption. It is not tomorrow's problem. It is already here. And around the world, the pace of climate action is slowing. The spirit of global cooperation is weakening. In fact, some countries have already wavered in their Paris Agreement pledges. Even with current commitments, the world is on track for warming of two to three degrees, well beyond the 1.5 degrees that science tells us is safe. Singapore contributes just 0.1% of global emissions. But we will still feel the full force of climate change. While we cannot change the world's trajectory alone, we must be prepared to live with its consequences. As Prime Minister Lawrence Wong said in his National Day Rally speech, "We must look ahead, anticipate what is on the horizon and prepare to ride the next wave of change." That is the hallmark of the PAP government. We govern not just for the next election cycle, but for the future generations of Singaporeans. Throughout our history, the PAP government has made bold decisions with foresight and discipline. We invested in water resilience before others even thought about it – NEWater, desalination, local catchments. We transformed waste management with incineration and adapted Pulau Semakau. We cleaned up the Singapore River and tackled air pollution long before environmentalism was fashionable. As our founding Prime Minister Mr Lee Kuan Yew once declared: "I am calculating not in terms of the next election, I am calculating in terms of the next generation; in terms of the next 100 years; in terms of eternity." This was said back in 1965 and this spirit endures in today's political leadership. Singapore's future and our survival is at the front and centre of everything that we do. Our adaptation strategy is not piecemeal. It is coordinated. It is ambitious. It is backed by long-term thinking across generations of leaders. We are looking 30, 50, even 100 years ahead. That is why we have committed about $100 billion over the next century for coastal protection.[+6 sentences] This is not an elections or political slogan. We are just four or five months out into the new term. But it is a serious financial commitment, one that we planned prudently and that we will fund sustainably through our fiscal policies and reserves. There are very, very few countries in the world that can say the same. Climate change is no longer abstract. It is affecting our daily lives. By 2100, sea levels could rise by 1.15 metres. If you add storm surges, almost 30% of our land today is at risk.[+9 sentences] Think about East Coast Park, Sentosa, Eunos-Kembangan and possibly up to Tanjong Katong, under water. Imagine Singapore without the coastlines that we are familiar with. No evening jogs or family picnics at East Coast Park. No Marina Bay waterfront skyline. These could be just memories of what we used to be, if we did nothing today. At the same time, rainfall is intensifying. We feel it. I feel it. I think you feel it too. Extreme daily rainfall could increase by 92% by 2100.[+4 sentences] Over the years, the Government has spent billions of dollars on our canals and drains to prevent floods. But extreme rainfall will only mean that flash floods in urban areas will only get more common if we do not act. The question is whether we can overcome practical constraints to engineering and costs to cater to extreme weather, given our tight landmass and highly developed urban areas. The temperature is also getting hotter. Due to global warming and the urban heat island effect, mean daily temperatures may rise by five degrees by 2100.[+27 sentences] Last year was the hottest year on record globally. And in Singapore, our coldest month today is already warmer than our warmest month in the 1960s – imagine that. Our food security is also at risk. We import more than 90% of our food. Floods, droughts and export bans can disrupt supplies overnight. We saw this during COVID and got us thinking of new approaches and strategies to develop food resilience. Water too is vulnerable. Our Four National Taps give us resilience but the changing weather patterns and rising demand means that we must work harder. These are not distant scenarios, ladies and gentlemen. They are today's lived reality and we can already feel the changes. At first glance, climate adaptation feels like setting up various defence measures across the country – sea walls, drains, polder systems, solar panels and food stockpiles. But adaptation is also about vision. It is about turning necessity into opportunity. Take Marina Barrage. History shows us why such long-term projects matter. When Marina Barrage was first proposed, there were many who doubted its feasibility and value. Today, it is one of Singapore's most iconic landmarks – a reservoir, a flood barrier, a place where families gather for recreation. What was once a bold idea has now become a national treasure. While it was built for flood control and water supply, it is now a place where families picnic, students learn, and communities gather. That is the approach that we must take, protecting our people and our assets with a purpose, and creating greater value in adaptation. We are embarking on a generational effort to protect our coastlines. The "Long Island" project along East Coast Park will be more than just a seawall. It will include reclaimed land for homes, a freshwater reservoir and new spaces for recreation. We are creating value for our people by providing more homes, more facilities and more opportunities, while protecting our coastline. At Pulau Tekong, we have completed Singapore’s first polder. The polder used half the sand required of conventional reclamation, while increasing the training space for the SAF – the size of two Toa Payoh towns. We have launched site-specific studies for Greater Southern Waterfront, Changi, Jurong Island and more. The studies for Sentosa and the south-west coast will start by 2026.[+7 sentences] Piece by piece, we are creating a ring of resilience around Singapore. But we are not on this journey alone. The PAP government will continue to build trust with Singaporeans and bring our people with us for this journey and for the long haul. We want to engage our citizens. We will also consult nature groups like the Nature Society because resilience must also mean shared ownership. As President Tharman reminded us in his President’s Address that, "This trust has allowed us to make hard choices when needed and to plan for the future beyond current election cycles". This is precisely what adaptation demands: choices need to be made today, for risks that may arise decades ahead. Youth and nature groups have already come forward with ideas, from marine biodiversity corridors to recreational spaces, showing how Singaporeans want to shape their future.[+1 sentence] We are also building flood resilience inland. So, this year, we launched an Alliance-for-Action (AfA) to co-create a Flood-Resilient Developments Guidebook with industry partners like the Singapore Institute of Architects. The guidebook will give property owners and developers a toolkit of flood protection measures.[+8 sentences] These measures will enhance the flood resilience of their premises, while allowing solutions that best integrate with the design. We are also working with businesses and residents in flood-prone areas. We distribute flood barriers. We run awareness campaigns. No matter how strong the storms are ahead, the Government will work with you to overcome them together. Climate resilience is not just about engineering. It is really also about mindset. I will now share our plans for heat resilience. Rising heat is changing daily lives and we are developing a whole-of-Government Heat Resilience Strategy.[+32 sentences] It covers urban planning, building design, public health and community awareness. The Government has a national heatwave response plan to protect Singaporeans. And this will require the collective effort of the Government, our employers, and our people. For workers involved in heavy physical labour, employers will keep a close watch on heat stress levels and ensure that they have sufficient hydration and rest, away from the sun. Students can dress down or switch to home-based learning if needed. Besides the efforts from the Government, the public can also play its part. Volunteers can check on vulnerable groups, such as the elderly in our community, to ensure that they are adequately protected. We can open cooling centres at Community Clubs (CCs) and the Resident's Committees (RCs) for vulnerable groups and monitor patients and seniors in hospitals and eldercare centres. Through the myENV app, the public can also get timely Heat Stress Advisory information on how to protect themselves according to heat stress levels. But ultimately, resilience is not just about infrastructure. It is about mindset. Just as Total Defence reminds us that every Singaporean has a role in our security, climate defence requires collective action by everyone. And the test will come during an extreme climate event. Will we stand together, support the vulnerable and act as one people? That is what will define us as Singaporeans. We are also learning from others who face extreme heat today. We are studying heatwaves in Europe, heat adaptation measures in the Middle East and exploring novel cooling methods with researchers and preparing before such extreme events reach our shores. Looking ahead, we are strengthening whole-of-Government coordination and partnering businesses, academia and the community, to develop an integrated Heat Resilience Strategy. This will create shaded walkways, green corridors and cooling zones, which will improve liveability while making our neighbourhoods healthier and more walkable. Already, the Urban Redevelopment Authority (URA), and the Housing and Development Board (HDB) are testing and scaling innovative measures like new wind flow modelling technologies and cooling materials in our estates. These are among new innovations that can potentially make a difference in our daily comfort in the long run. Moving on to food and water resilience. Food is part of our culture and our identity. But disruptions are becoming more common. Today, floods, droughts and heatwaves are affecting crops globally. COVID-19 was a stark reminder of our vulnerabilities. I recall in 2020, there were concerns that countries' COVID-19 measures would lead to food supply disruptions, such as eggs. And this led to increased demand for eggs overnight. Yet, within days, we were able to reassure the public of continued supply due to our diversified sources and stabilised demand. That experience underlined why resilience is non-negotiable. That is why we are diversifying our sources. Before COVID, eggs came mostly from one country. Today, we import from more than 10 countries, while our local farms here provide a third of our supply.[+22 sentences] Even as we increase local food production, we will work to facilitate food imports from new sources. At the industry level, we will support our local importers to nurture strong relationships with business partners through overseas sourcing and business matching trips. Our local farms and food production still matter. They are our assured source in crises. And we are helping our farms to scale by addressing key challenges of productivity, cost and demand. We want to encourage local farms to tap on technology to grow food in a more productive and climate-resilient manner. Through the Agri-Food Cluster Transformation (ACT) Fund, farms, such as Green Harvest, have invested in a hydroponics greenhouse with automated mobile gulley system. This has made them five times more productive than traditional farms. But Singaporeans must also support local produce. When we support our local farmers and buy more local produce, such as chye sim or seabass, we are building resilience for ourselves. When Singaporeans choose produce with the SG Fresh Produce branding at supermarkets or wet markets, you are directly supporting our farmers and our food security. Local produce is fresher, lasts longer, incurs lower carbon footprint to reach us and many are pesticide-free. I am glad that industry players, through SAFEF (Singapore Agro-Food Enterprises Federation Limited), are already working on long-term contracts between farmers and buyers. These are not abstract ideas. They are already feeding Singaporeans today. Likewise, water is essential to our lives. For Singapore, water is a precious and limited resource. As then-Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong said in 2021: "Water is a strategic and scarce resource, and also a precious fruit of our labours...We are always pushing the limits of our water resources." We have over successive decades built a robust and diversified water supply, made possible by right-pricing water. We have built up our Four National Taps – local catchment, imported water, NEWater and desalination – to strengthen our water resilience. But as our population and economy grows, and as weather patterns change, we have to work harder to conserve this precious resource because water security is also national security. Singapore's waste system is so efficient to the point that it is pretty much out of sight, out of mind. The issue for Singapore is that we have very limited land for waste management and the reality is that Semakau Landfill may be full by 2035, just 10 years ahead.[+2 sentences] As Singapore becomes more affluent and develops new industries, we will produce and consume more. Hence, if we do not manage our waste well, we will face issues of disposing them within the next just 10 years. Since 2021, we have collected over 30,000 tonnes of e-waste under the Extended Producer Responsibility scheme to develop a circular economy. In 2026, we will launch the Beverage Container Return Scheme to boost the recycling of plastics and metals.[+18 sentences] For food waste, large commercial and industrial food waste generators in new buildings, they must now segregate food waste for treatment, and this will be extended to more and more buildings. The industry is also stepping up. The AfA on Packaging Waste Reduction for the E-Commerce Sector, which included players like Amazon and Shopee, has developed guidelines to encourage the use of sustainable packaging. In our estates, new initiatives, such as REhub bins allow residents to deposit recyclables, scan QR codes and track recycling habits. This helps to build awareness and give families a sense of ownership in reducing waste. But we must also recognise that we have room to improve. Our overall recycling rate stands at about 50%, as compared to 63% in Australia. This comparison is a reminder that Singapore can and must do better with our collective effort. Everyone can do the 3Rs – reduce consumption, reuse what you can, recycle right. And this only works if we all commit, together. Moving on to a low carbon future. Despite the backsliding of global climate action, Singapore must stay the course in our transition to a low carbon future. There is the economic imperative to ensure that our businesses and jobs remain competitive for the long term. We will continue to support businesses with incentives to improve their energy efficiency. Based on the latest data from the International Energy Agency, Singapore's energy intensity would rank amongst the lowest one-third, if compared to all OECD countries. Singapore imports almost all of our energy supply and it is important that Singapore raises our energy efficiency to make every joule count. As businesses improve on their energy efficiency, we will continue to calibrate the price signal through the carbon tax, which aims to enhance the business case for low-carbon solutions. The Government uses the carbon tax we collect to support businesses in the green transition and we encourage adoption of low-carbon technologies, such as solar power. The good news is that Singapore has achieved our 2025 solar deployment target of 1.5 gigawatt-peak (GWp) and is on track to meet our goal of at least two GWp by 2030.[+6 sentences] We are also partnering industry for other climate mitigation measures, such as high-quality carbon credits, as well as cross-border carbon capture and storage. As regional countries explore nuclear power, we are building capabilities in nuclear science and safety. Through the Singapore Nuclear Research and Safety Institute, we aim to grow from 50 to 100 experts by 2030. And this will allow us to assess risks prudently, and plan for long-term possibilities. Households too play their part. The Climate Friendly Households Programme supports households in switching to efficient appliances. As of August 2025, 78% of eligible HDB and 55% of private households have claimed their Climate Vouchers, of which $187 million has been utilised.[+8 sentences] This helps households save on utility bills, while helping to lower our carbon footprint. We are also making full use of our land. By 2030, nearly every HDB block with a suitable rooftop will be fitted with solar panels. These panels power common services – lifts, lights, and water pumps – directly lowering energy costs for residents and Town Councils. Mr Speaker, climate change is the defining challenge of our generation. Every adaptation measure I have shared – whether it is $100 billion in coastal protection, national heat strategies, food and water resilience, or circular economy innovation – reflects more than just engineering. It reflects a philosophy of governance, a philosophy rooted in the PAP government's long-term view, passed down from our founding fathers, across generations of political leaders and to the 4G leaders of today. This is rooted in fiscal prudence, political will and the conviction that every generation must leave behind a stronger foundation for the next. As Minister Grace Fu reminded us at the V3 National Climate Change Study Symposium last year: "Climate change is an existential threat for Singapore, and the Government treats it with utmost seriousness. We are investing significantly to better understand it and starting our planning and preparatory works." In the next five years, we will develop Singapore's inaugural National Adaptation Plan (NAP), which Minister announced this year at Committee of Supply (COS) 2025.[+18 sentences] The NAP will be our living roadmap to address the physical risks and social impact of climate change. This is the commitment that my colleagues and I at the Ministry of Sustainability and the Environment (MSE) bring to this work. We plan, we prepare, and we act early, because safeguarding Singapore is our first duty. President Tharman shared in his address at the Opening of this Session Parliament, "We will nurture a 'we first' society at every level, starting in the community." That is our calling today, to take the long view, to put "we before me", to protect tomorrow with resilience, steward today's resources responsibly and ensure that Singapore, our little red dot, continues to thrive in a turbulent world. This is the PAP government's promise, to govern not just for the next election, but for future generations to come. And for us, for all of us here in this Chamber, to do so with the same courage and foresight of our founding fathers, that built the Singapore that we enjoy today. Mr Speaker, can I continue in Malay, please? (In Malay): Mr Speaker, Prime Minister Lawrence Wong stated in his National Day Speech that, "We must also look ahead – anticipate what is on the horizon, and prepare to ride the next wave of change." Climate change is the greatest challenge of our generation. It is not a future issue – it is already happening. Heat is increasing, rainfall is getting heavier and sea levels are rising. Singapore only contributes 0.1% of global emissions, but we will feel its full impact. Here lies the uniqueness of the PAP government. From the beginning, we have never governed just for electoral cycles, but for the future of all Singaporeans. As demonstrated by Mr Lee Kuan Yew in the Singapore Water Story, the Government does not shy away from tough decisions, plan for decades ahead and ensure that we allocate resources to carry out the plans. This spirit has enabled Singapore to survive, and this same spirit also guides us in facing climate change today. First, coastal and flood protection. The Government has made the bold decision to invest $100 billion over 100 years to protect our coastline. The Long Island project will protect the East Coast from sea level rise, whilst providing housing, freshwater reservoirs and recreational space.[+2 sentences] The polder at Pulau Tekong demonstrates that we can protect our coastline in a more resource-efficient manner, whilst giving the SAF a larger training space. Second, heat resilience. The Government is developing a national Heat Resilience Strategy that encompasses urban design, public health, and community support.[+11 sentences] During heat waves, we can issue warnings through the myENV application, as well as protect workers and students. But resilience is not just about infrastructure – it is about society's attitude to stand together, just like the spirit of Total Defence. Third, food and water resilience. During COVID-19, we saw how supplies can be easily affected. Now, we import eggs from over 10 countries and our local farms increased their production through modern technology. We also encourage citizens to buy local products with the SG Fresh Produce label. Water will remain a strategic issue. Therefore, we developed NEWater and desalination plants. As Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong said in 2021, water is a strategic resource and our most precious energy product – that is why the PAP government continues to invest with fiscal discipline and foresight. Fourth, waste management. If nothing is done, Semakau Island will be completely filled by 2035. The Government did not wait for a crisis to occur. We are implementing extended producer responsibility policies, planning a beverage container return scheme in 2026, and also developing a circular economy with industry.[+9 sentences] This is how the PAP government works – we do not run away from trade-offs or challenging issues, but plan boldly with a view for the long term. Finally, energy innovation. Singapore has achieved the 2025 solar target much earlier, and by 2023 almost all suitable HDB rooftops will have solar panels installed. We also import renewable energy through the LTMS project, while supporting households with Climate Vouchers. All of this shows that we are not only resilient, but also remain competitive in the future green economy. Mr Speaker, climate change is an existential threat. But it is also an opportunity to show what makes Singapore different – we have a Government that boldly plans decades ahead, has fiscal discipline, and is committed to taking care of the people beyond electoral cycles. As President Tharman underlined in the President’s address "We will nurture a "we first" society at every level." For me and my colleagues MSE, this is our commitment – to plan ahead, protect our people, and ensure Singapore is always prepared to face climate challenges. This is the PAP government's pledge – we govern not for the next election, but we govern for the next generation.[+1 sentence] Mr Speaker, I support the Motion.
Mr Speaker3 words
[+1 sentence]Mr Sharael Taha.
Mr Sharael Taha49 words
[+1 sentence]Mr Speaker, I would just like to raise a clarification on Mr Fadli Fawzi's speech earlier. He mentioned a fundraiser where more than $2.4 million of funds was released for Gaza and one of the donors was from a temple. Was he referring to the M3 fundraiser for Gaza?
Mr Speaker20 words
[+3 sentences]Mr Fadli Fawzi. Mr Fadli, I will give you some time. I will call on Ms Tin Pei Ling first.
Ms Tin Pei Ling (Marine Parade-Braddell Heights)2702 words
[+18 sentences]Mr Speaker, Sir, I rise to support the Address of Thanks to President Tharman's speech at this Parliament's Opening. President, in his speech, spoke of Singapore being at a critical juncture in our history as we celebrate SG60, and the importance of how we must remain resilient and inclusive, embracing the "we first" mindset, even as we navigate a turbulent world and transform for the future. Indeed, Singapore's story has been remarkable, characterised by a silent defiance. Firstly, defying the odds of history. When Singapore became independent in 1965, many doubted our survival. We were a small nation with no natural resources. Deep social divides, racial riots and hostile neighbours could have torn us apart. Yet, we defied the odds. Through grit, unity and foresight, we transformed ourselves into a thriving economy and a cohesive society that we are proud of today. Our early generations refused to be defined by limitations and built a nation greater than the sum of its parts. Then, defying the odds of de-globalisation and a turbulent world. Today, the odds we face are different, but just as formidable. The global order is shifting, major powers are contesting influence and the economic climate is more uncertain than ever. Following the Cold War, Pax Americana shaped the international order, building institutions, establishing rules-based international order and delivering a long period of relative stability and prosperity. Yet, concentration of power carries risk. If a single hegemon ceases to act as a steady, rules‑based steward, the global system can be destabilised. Recent trends, from abrupt policy shifts, perceived abandonment of allies, sudden tariff escalations and weakening of multilateral and international bodies have exposed those vulnerabilities and heightened geopolitical uncertainty. These have significant impact on how supply chains are structured, on trade and talent flows and definitely on Singapore. Escalating geopolitical rivalry and US protectionism will reshape sourcing, manufacturing location decisions, logistics patterns and trade flows. These will affect Singapore's advanced manufacturing which contributes to over 20% of our GDP and other sectors of the trade and our status as a hub.[+4 sentences] Interestingly, in a recent closed door sharing organised by my firm with large scale international payment service providers supporting cross border trade, an observation made was that trade is now more point-to-point, as opposed to passing through central nodes. Also, "friendshoring" by firms would also mean that trades happen within allied blocs. Singapore would have to ensure that we continue to participate in the various trading blocs, which we have been thankfully so far. But this is also contingent on not being forced to choose sides. In addition, the US tariffs, if they persist, could have profound implications on Singapore as highlighted by our leaders in this House before. The US tariff on Singapore may be relatively low but given how we import, value-add and then export, other countries could pass the cost of tariffs to us, resulting in our overall costs and prices to go up. At some point, coupled with the possibility of preferential trade agreements favouring bilateral corridors and logistics optimisations, we could be priced out of the competition and trade and firms could bypass Singapore altogether.[+9 sentences] As countries increasingly turn inward, doubting the benefits of globalisation and retreating from multilateralism, one wonders how Singapore companies can still dream global? Hence, in the face of these extrinsic challenges, Singapore must remain a stable node in an unstable world. A place where investors can trust the rule of law, where talent knows merit is valued and where citizens feel secure amidst global disruption. At the same time, we must be a stable node that is resilient. As a hub, we have to offer secure and diversified services to support the supply chains and trade. We also have to enhance our trade facilitation and digital services to keep competitive. We must also be a stable node with many connections. We must continue to be among the world's most open and connected hubs, in air and sea transport, in trade and finance, in talent, data flows and digital networks. Here, I applaud our Government's efforts in constantly building up our position as air and sea hubs. The much anticipated Terminal 5 and Changi East development will no doubt add to Singapore's competitive advantage.[+9 sentences] It is also encouraging to know of our Government's efforts to sign more Free Trade Agreements and Digital Economy Agreements, making sure we maintain high standards and inter-operability for data, digital infrastructure and networks so that trade and innovation can still flourish. Could we do more? The answer must be yes. Technological advancements have been enablers but also game changers. Singapore may not be known for inventing foundational technologies, but we can invent new systems and excel in applications built upon these technologies. For example, leverage our strategic position in ASEAN and build regional digital financial infrastructure. It could be inter-operable payment rails using tokens to reduce our region's overreliance on any particular currency or cross border payment rail. It could be a cross‑border real‑time payments utility hosted in Singapore, given our strong legal and regulatory trust framework. It could be a tokenised trade and commodities platforms to facilitate trade finance. It could also be an independent digital arbitration and compliance registry trusted by companies and institutions for sanctions, export control vetting and contract enforcement, leveraging our strong legal services, combined with the use of blockchain for audit trails and AI for evidence analysis. It could be a certified, geopolitically neutral cloud and confidential compute marketplace for regional or international enterprises needing to maintain independence. It could also be a decentralised energy and critical minerals marketplace offering trusted certifications as geopolitical competition for energy and critical minerals intensifies.[+34 sentences] Some of these are probably already being considered by the Government or happening as we speak. These are just broad ideas and examples of how Singapore can defy the odds of our extrinsic reality. I am sure there are many other and better ideas out there. So, in this term, I urge that we continue promoting public-private partnerships to discover new ideas, to deliver excellence and to create new possibilities for Singapore. Ultimately, our relentless pursuit for economic progress – survival, in this case – is and must be rooted in our pursuit of improving lives for our people. So, even as the world churns and pressures, Singapore must endeavour to remain stable. As others build walls, Singapore will build bridges. Next, defying the odds of demographics. At home, our society is also changing. Our population is ageing. Our younger generations face vastly different challenges. The way we live, work and play are different. Our policies, approach and infrastructure have to evolve. Gen Z today face challenges different from that of mine. Because of the COVID-19 pandemic, Gen Z Singaporeans missed out on internships and overseas exchange experiences. Also, with the rise of AI, entry-level jobs are affected and job search strategies that used to work may no longer work now. Fragmented career paths could be a permanent trend. It is, thus, heartening to observe the Government's efforts in supporting our youths in their education and employment. Such efforts to empower and keep them relevant must continue. Many may see an ageing population as a burden, but in Singapore, we can and should shape how we age. We can organise ourselves so that seniors enjoy healthier and more fulfilling lives supported by better healthcare, stronger communities and lifelong learning. Much has been said about how to support our seniors better, so I will not expound them again here. But what is worth repeating is that we must make sure that our seniors today and tomorrow do not give up on themselves. We must not be handicapped by our own prejudices towards old age. We must continue to work on our policies, infrastructure and programmes to enable seniors to live healthier, work better, if they so choose, and play harder. Defy the odds by transforming longevity into our source of strength. It is not just our people who age. So does our hardware and infrastructure. Singapore's hardware and infrastructure, from HDB flats and estate common facilities to rail networks, power cables and more, underpin daily and community life, economic activity and national resilience. Much of this built capital has served our nation well for decades, but with demographic shifts, technological changes, climate risks and simply the passage of time, mean that the "business as usual" maintenance and periodic upgrades are no longer sufficient. Singapore must refresh existing hardware and infrastructure more intensively and build new, future‑ready ones to sustain living standards. Firstly, with age comes wear and tear. Pipes, lifts, walls, ceilings and other components in flats and housing precincts suffer wear, obsolescence and greater fault frequency, worse if they happen together. For those of us who have mature housing estates, will know that the lifts cannot last until the recommended 28 years. Our Town Council, for example, had to bring forward the replacement of over 100 lifts in MacPherson because it has come to a point whereby the lifts just kept breaking down, no matter how much we maintained the lifts. Our rail lines, signalling, substations and power distribution networks could face the same challenge. Hence, deeper interventions and bigger budgets are to be expected.[+6 sentences] Secondly, as our demographics shift, demand patterns and standards will evolve. For example, an aging population means greater use of lifts, means more sheltered walkways with more benches needed for resting along the way. With the move to using more electronic vehicles and eventually autonomous vehicles as well, more charging stations and other infrastructure will be needed, and so space and power allocation has to change. Overall, planning norms, quality standards and budgets will have to change. Thirdly, climate changes will add to the challenges we face. Higher temperatures, more intense storms and rising sea levels can accelerate material degradation, strain our drainage and power systems and increase the need for backup and emergency response capabilities. Taken together, Singapore must take a strategic approach that treats infrastructure as long‑lived systems requiring continuous investment, greater use of digital solutions for better oversight and periodic, deep renewal. This means having to consider new norms, higher standards, more predictive approaches and, unfortunately, higher public spending.[+12 sentences] A tough job for the Ministry of Finance (MOF). Though refreshing or building new infrastructure is not exactly defying the odds, it is important because the right build environment can free us from everyday friction, sharpen our focus, spark creativity and unlock our best performance. In Mandarin. (In Mandarin): In his address at the Opening of Parliament, President Tharman pointed out that Singapore stands at a historical juncture. Despite global turbulence and mounting uncertainties, we must maintain resilience and inclusivity, moving forward with steady steps towards the future. Singapore's story has never been ordinary. This extraordinariness stems from Singaporeans' quiet determination to "never give up." We never give up: rising from historical adversity. Our forefathers refused to let circumstances limit us. Through perseverance, unity and foresight, Singapore became a prosperous economy and harmonious society that makes us proud today. We never give up: we must strive to break through amidst de-globalisition and a turbulent world. Today, we face different but equally severe adversities. The international order is being restructured, US-China rivalry is intensifying, and the economic environment is increasingly uncertain. These changes profoundly affect supply chains, trade and talent flows, and will inevitably impact Singapore. Geopolitical competition and rising protectionism will reshape choices of procurement and manufacturing locations, logistics patterns and trade flows. This will shake our position as a hub, affect our economic development, and impact our people's long-term livelihoods and quality of life. Deglobalisation also means that globally-minded Singapore enterprises may be unable to fully deploy their capabilities and realise their ambitions.[+45 sentences] Therefore, even as the world fluctuates with both old and new pressures coexisting, Singapore must still strive for stability. When other nations build walls, we must build bridges. We must uphold the rule of law, strengthen external and domestic trust in our institutions, remain open whilst ensuring our citizens feel secure amidst turbulence. We never give up: demographics need not be a constraint. Our society is changing. Population is aging; younger generation is facing vastly different challenges, lifestyles are also changing accordingly. Our policy formulation and implementation must stay relevant. Many view ageing as a burden. But in Singapore, we can and should reshape how we view old age. Over the years, our government has been committed to supporting our elderly to live healthier, more fulfilling and more productive lives through better healthcare and more diverse social and community structures. We must reject the negative mindset of "waiting to die" or "being useless when old." We must strive to give all Singaporeans, young and old, reasons and motivation to look forward to each new day. With our never-give-up spirit, we will transform longevity into a source of strength. Just now, WP parliamentary colleagues seemed to insinuate that my party is autocratic in their speech. Let me respond to this. Since coming to power, the PAP has consistently upheld a people-centric philosophy in governing the nation. Whilst our governing methods may differ at various points in time, our original intentions and principles remain unchanged. In the early days of independence, we faced harsh and volatile environment, surrounded by challenges on all sides. This naturally required decisive leadership to lead the people and nation through difficulties. Our achievement has made people proud. On the international stage, though we are a small red dot, our voice is not small, and the overall quality of life for our people has been substantially improved. This could only be achieved through the dedication of our leaders and the full cooperation of our people. Today, we have had three Prime Ministers and welcome the fourth generation of leadership led by Prime Minister Lawrence Wong. The PAP's governing philosophy remains unchanged. In the Prime Minister’s many important speeches, he has consistently emphasised people-centric governance and a We-first sprit. The Prime Minister has also promised that the Government will continue to listen to Singaporeans' voices through various channels, so that we can all participate in nation-building, build trust and deepen our national identity to achieve common goals. Facing a diverse society, we must be inclusive and accommodating, drawing strengths from all and learning from each other, so that we can go far. As elected MPs, we will certainly follow the same philosophy, serve wholeheartedly and trust our constituents, living up to their expectations. As a democratic country, of course we cannot be autocratic. The key point is that we do not make compromises because we fear losing. We do so because we choose to have our nation and the people at heart and work for the long-term interests of the country and people. : Sir, this year, we celebrate SG60. As a Singaporean, I am glad that we have not let our forefathers down. Singapore remains a shining red dot on the world stage. Yet, as President Tharman reminded us, Singapore now stands again at a pivotal moment. A nation tested by history, by the turbulence of a shifting world and by profound domestic changes. Singapore has always risen to respond to challenges time and again, through our openness and resilience, through our long-term planning and willingness to take action, through our resolve, grit and unity. And it shall be no different now as we mark SG60. At this point, I would also like to take the opportunity to thank the residents of MacPherson and the broader Marine Parade-Braddell Heights group representation constituency (GRC). Thank you for your trust in us, in me, so that we can continue this journey together, so that we can be your voice in this House. We have grown together for so many years in the past. We have overcome many different and difficult moments, including the COVID-19 pandemic. Together, we have come up with new ideas to strengthen our community, to better our services, to deliver common good for the broader community. We have raised funds and crowdsourced for ideas, and I believe that we will continue to grow stronger together. In conclusion, we have defied the odds then, we will defy the odds again and again. I support the Motion.
Mr Speaker3 words
[+1 sentence]Mr Fadli Fawzi.
Mr Fadli Fawzi23 words
[+1 sentence]Mr Speaker, in response to Mr Sharael's clarification, in the article, he said it was a SG60 community fundraising initiative together with M³@Towns.
Mr Speaker3 words
[+1 sentence]Mr Sharael Taha.
Mr Sharael Taha75 words
[+2 sentences]Mr Speaker, I just wanted to thank Mr Fadli for citing the good work that our M³ and M³ volunteers do. It is really a good example of a "we first" society. In just over a month, during the month of Ramadan, the M³ volunteers raised $2.4 million through stallholders, individuals, businesses and also through temples.[+1 sentence] It is a good example of a "we first" society where we can work together towards a common good.
Mr Speaker4 words
[+1 sentence]Mr Zhulkarnain Abdul Rahim.
Mr Zhulkarnain Abdul Rahim (Chua Chu Kang)1738 words
[+19 sentences]Mr Speaker, I support the Motion to thank the President for his address. President Tharman Shanmugaratnam reminded us that the world is changing in profound ways; that our global order is fraying; that we must face the future with foresight, with fortitude and with faith in one another. Allow me to frame my remarks under three themes. First, unity at home; second, competitiveness through innovation; and third, conviction in the rule of law. Mr Speaker, families form the foundation of our nation. They are the fortress where values are first planted and resilience, nurtured. The President was right to emphasise that we must continue to support parents, children and seniors, whether through childcare, housing, eldercare, or help for blended and multi-generation families. Five years ago in my maiden Parliamentary speech in this House, I spoke about my son’s love of playing with Lego blocks and how each Lego brick is like our family unit; the building blocks of our society, with each one unique in shape and form and how we can enhance support and connection with one another. I have taught my son to pick up chess. What began as a game, quickly became a way for me to share life lessons. I taught him three lessons. First, the goal is to capture the king; you can risk everything, but not your queen. Second, if you play to avoid losing a single piece, then you will surely play to lose. Third, whether you are king or pawn, everyone returns to the same wooden box in the end. These, Mr Speaker, are not just lessons in chess, but also lessons in love and in life. We protect what is most precious to us, we take bold steps when needed and in the end, we must remember that what matters is not status, but how we played the game, the game of life. Beyond families and into our communities, racial and religious harmony, meritocracy, also form the vital glue that holds a nation together through times of change. In our pursuit of growth and progress, these must never be sacrificed or compromised, for they are not negotiable assets but enduring safeguards of our collective well-being. Lesson number one: just as in chess, where the goal must be to capture the king but one must never recklessly risk the queen, we must strive for success and advancement, yet we must never endanger the sanctity of family life and our racial and religious harmony. Without them, even the boldest pursuit of victory would come at too great a cost. That is why I am proposing more support for families by extending schemes, such as the LargeFamilies Scheme’s LifeSG Credits to support more families, including blended families with stepchildren. In this House, I have also previously called for more childcare leave and support to be given to families with more children.[+12 sentences] Beyond this, let us strengthen parental support, expand inter-generational programmes, enhance after-school care and provide more relief for caregivers. Just as in chess, every piece matters, in Singapore every family, no matter its form, deserves our support. Our nation’s story is one of sacrifice and solidarity. We must continue to choose "we first", not "me first". Mr Speaker, the President reminded us that global competition is intensifying, costs alone will not carry us forward. We must adapt faster, innovate bolder, compete on skill, on speed and on trust. Here, too, the lessons of chess offer some wisdom. Lesson number two: if you play only to avoid losing a single piece, then you will surely play to lose. The player who hesitates, clinging to pieces, fearing change, will soon find himself cornered. The master anticipates, innovates and deploys each piece to the best advantage. Likewise, if Singapore clings to old ways, paralysed by fear of change, we will be overtaken. To win, we must anticipate, take calculated risks and deploy every piece to its best advantage. For Singapore, this means skilling up our people, scaling up our enterprises and sharpening our public service. SkillsFuture Level-Up and mid-career reskilling schemes are like pawns steadily advancing, each move creating new possibilities.[+3 sentences] Enterprises that harness artificial intelligence, green technologies and advanced manufacturing are like bishops and rooks, powerful when used with foresight. But innovation must not stop with businesses or workers. Government too, must lead by example. In my recent Parliamentary Questions, I asked whether AI tools and technology are being explored in Government’s procurement processes to reduce errors and strengthen oversight and to also introduce more dynamic socio-economic assistance packages that can be more responsive to real cost-of-living pressures.[+16 sentences] Mr Speaker, Singapore has always been a city that defies its size: a small but smart nation. If we remain restless in innovation, relentless in improvement and responsible in governance, then like a skilful chess player, we will not merely react to the board but we can be five moves ahead. We will shape the game and remain resilient in a shifting world. Mr Speaker, the President warned us also that “might is right” is once again rearing its ugly head. Tariff wars and protectionism are weakening global trade rules. In conflict zones and humanitarian crisis places, like Gaza, civilians suffer most when international humanitarian law is disregarded. Here too, I return to that simple lesson I shared with my son. Lesson number three: at the end of the game, whether you are king or pawn, everyone goes back into the same wooden box. It is a reminder of humility, of equality and of the limits of power. In chess, even the strongest piece must obey the rules, without them, the game collapses into chaos. Likewise, in international relations, rules and law are what protect the small from the strong, the weak from the powerful. For Singapore, this means upholding fairness and the rule of law at home, ensuring justice is impartial, combating foreign interference, protecting our people from crime and terrorism. Internationally, it means standing up for the rules-based order, defending open trade against protectionism, affirming humanitarian principles that shield civilians from suffering. Singapore may be small, but when we stand by principle, we are larger than our size. In choosing rules over power, we safeguard not only ourselves but the very system that allows small states, like us, to stand tall. Mr Speaker, in Malay, please. (In Malay): Mr Speaker, for a small country like Singapore, adherence to international law is extremely important because it is the main safeguard that ensures our sovereignty, security and right to exist amongst the great powers. In today's increasingly fragmented and uncertain geopolitical climate, we must continue to hold firmly to our principles because only in this way can the international system remain fair, orderly and provide protection to small nations.[+12 sentences] Singapore's position on the international stage is not merely due to the extent of our territory or economic strength, but because we firmly uphold international law, principles of justice, and the resolve to always become a trustworthy partner nation. Therefore, although we are small on the world map, we wield considerable voice and influence, because we stand tall on a foundation of principles. Even as the world outside is increasingly in turmoil, marked by division and conflict, Singapore must not waver. Racial and religious harmony is our most important heritage, while social cohesion and meritocracy is our most powerful weapon. As long as we stand together as one nation, our spirit will not waver – because in unity lies the strength of a country with a great soul. May I recite two Malay quatrains: The banyan tree spreads wide and fair Its shade protects the village way Racial harmony, our heritage to bear A treasure for each passing day The boat anchors where waters meet The wind brings news from far and wide We stand together, hearts complete Our nation's strength and lasting pride Mr Fadli Fawzi said in his speech earlier that before being able to have a thinking of "we first", we must also first look at ourselves. I thank him for agreeing with this position. In fact, this has been the PAP government's approach all along. For us, meritocracy and helping those who need it more do not contradict each other. Prof Kenneth Tan and Prof Hussein Alatas also emphasised that not everyone starts from the same position. We acknowledge this. Singapore's meritocracy system is not just for development alone, but to uplift everyone. The M3 initiative, Project Dian supporting rental flat families, Project Fitrah for vulnerable families, Mathematics classes for preschool children, Workfare and the Progressive Wage Model for low-income workers, assistance through the Merdeka Package, Pioneer, Silver Support and many others. All of these, all of these, are for the various segments of our society who need them. "We first" does not mean we are blind to the factors that hinder an individual's development Our meritocracy serves to ward off nepotism, tokenism, and cronyism in governance.[+7 sentences] However, our meritocracy in Singapore is also accompanied by compassion. Our meritocracy gives us the opportunity to help those who need it more. This is our shared responsibility. This is the "we first" that the President and Prime Minister Lawrence Wong meant. : Mr Speaker, Sir, the word gotong royong, since it is the Malay language one, duat gotong royong. "Gotong" is derived from the Javanese verb "ngotong", which signifies the act of carrying a burden. "Royong" implies doing it together. Meritocracy is our shared commitment to help one another with compassion, our "gotong-royong", this is how we Singaporeans carry each other together. Unity at home, competitiveness through innovation, conviction in the rule of law. These are the three coordinates of our course as a nation.[+3 sentences] Just like the chess lessons I gave to my son who is going to sit for his Primary School Leaving Examination soon, we safeguard what is dearest, we act with courage when the moment calls for it and, in the end, it is not rank that defines us, but the integrity with which we played the game. Hence, if we keep our families firm and our society inclusive; if we keep our people skilled, our enterprises bold and our Government innovative with integrity; if we keep our politics principled and our laws respected, our people united, then like a well-played game of chess, Singapore will not just survive in this turbulent tournament of nations, but secure a stronger, fairer and more united future for generations to come. Majulah Singapura!
Mr Speaker8 words
[+1 sentence]Ms Tin Pei Ling you have a clarification?
Ms Tin Pei Ling42 words
[+2 sentences]Mr Speaker, I forgot to declare my interest that I am working in a major payment institution and therefore, just now, earlier in my speech, I mentioned the closed-door event organised by my firm. I would like to declare my interest here.
The Future of Library›Matter Raised On Adjournment Motion5 turns · 3,089w
· 22 highlighted
matter-adj-2709
The Leader of the House (Ms Indranee Rajah)15 words
[+1 sentence]Mr Speaker, I move, "That Parliament do now adjourn."
Mr Speaker1440 words
[+38 sentences]Ms Tin Pei Ling. Ms Tin Pei Ling (Marine Parade-Braddell Heights): Mr Speaker, Sir, libraries have been an integral part of civilisation throughout history and most definitely an integral part of our lives. Libraries are not mere buildings with shelves of books. From the Library of Alexandria in antiquity to Singapore’s National Library today, libraries have served as enduring institutions for the preservation of knowledge and the advancement of society. Civilisations rise when they record, preserve and share knowledge. The act of collecting stories, ideas and discoveries, and making them accessible, has been at the core of humanity’s advancement. Libraries have carried wisdom across centuries and borders. They embody the conviction that knowledge should be shared with the many. For a nation, libraries are more than cultural symbols. In Singapore, where our greatest resource is our people, libraries play a role in nurturing our human capital. Our libraries have supported lifelong learning, from children discovering their first storybook to adults picking up new knowledge and skills. They have anchored national literacy campaigns, strengthened education and provided safe and open spaces for learning. In an era where information can be overwhelming and sometimes misleading, libraries equip citizens with the ability to discern, to think critically, and to engage responsibly in civic life. Libraries in our community, beyond civilisation and progress, libraries are also about community. In Singapore, our libraries are not silent monuments. They are vibrant living spaces, where neighbours and friends meet, where students study, where seniors gather for talks and where families come together. Libraries provide not just access to information, but access to one another. They embody inclusiveness, anyone can step in freely. In a world of growing divisions, libraries remain one of the most welcoming spaces in society. Libraries are also a safe and nurturing space for children within the community. A friend of mine, Ervin Yeo, shared with me that he grew up in the Geylang East Library, which is situated in MacPherson. When he was a little boy, his grandmother, who was also his caregiver, would leave him there while she went about her daily chores and he would roam the library, freely access the wide range of books available and soak in the wisdom that the books offered. Growing up in such an environment must have shaped his affable personality and sharp intellect. He later became a scholar and, today, he is a highly successful senior corporate leader. More recently, a few of my residents, who are young parents of children with special needs, shared with me that the Geylang East Library have been a safe haven for their children. When they are busy at work, they find it most reassuring when they know that their children are in the safe bounds of the library with their caregivers. They know that it is a safe space that can help their children learn and grow, that does not judge but embraces all their uniqueness. Libraries are also a social space for seniors to stay connected with friends and new knowledge. Again, at the Geylang East Library, we have many seniors who enjoy the access to a wide range of newspapers, publications and an environment where they feel familiar and comfortable. Apart from meeting like-minded friends from the neighbourhood, they could also participate in the talks, workshops and experience sessions that the library offers. The library and what it offers give them a reason to look forward to each new day. Our libraries have never stood still, from card catalogues to digital search, from physical shelves to e-books and online databases, from quiet reading rooms to hubs of creativity, where makerspaces, storytelling corners, and digital labs now flourish. I still remember the days when I had to buy a cashcard to photocopy many, many pages of books so that I can go home and do my project work or paper. Today, we can easily access the material needed digitally. So, our libraries have evolved with the times. And in the future, libraries can evolve even further. Changing lifestyles, evolving reading patterns and ongoing digitalisation are some of the key drivers of how we access and consume knowledge. As such, I understand that our libraries, from its form, location, to service delivery, will have to adapt as well. Already, the National Library Board (NLB) has put in tremendous effort to go digital over the years, preserving precious data and publications using digital means, introducing apps and more. That being said, it is with a heavy heart that we learn of the Geylang East Library ceasing operations at its current premise in 2030. The plan, as announced by NLB is to relocate the library to the new Tanjong Katong Complex. Residents from MacPherson, and nearby constituencies, such as Jalan Besar and Geylang Serai, had voiced concerns about this decision.[+6 sentences] These residents have deep emotional attachments to the library, many of whom grew up with the library. They have similar stories like Ervin's. Some enjoy bringing their children to the library as it is a safe space for their young ones to hang out and stay engaged meaningfully. Some have senior parents who see it as a daily routine to go the library to read, socialise and stay active. To them, the building is more than a physical icon in MacPherson, but a huge part of their memories, our collective memories. To learn of the relocation, we all feel a deep sense of loss. Having learnt of the relocation, I reached out to NLB to appeal.[+2 sentences] According to NLB, there are some reasons that they have considered to make this decision. Firstly, Geylang East Public Library, which occupies a building of more than 30 years old, has experienced a steady decline in its visitorship and loans. According to NLB, both its visitorship and loans are consistently lower when compared to other public libraries over the last few years. Therefore, moving it to the revamped Tanjong Katong Complex will enable NLB, which is publicly funded and with a public mission, to reach out to a larger catchment, while still being able to serve the residents in MacPherson.[+1 sentence] Secondly, from NLB's past experiences, a library being co-located in a shopping mall brings much higher visitorship than being a standalone facility. This is because of the synergy with other activities in a shopping mall. Therefore, under the Library of the Future Masterplan, NLB's strategy is to move standalone libraries to shopping malls when opportunities come about. Thirdly, NLB considered the alternative approach of retaining the library at its current location and revamping it in-situ. But it is not cost effective to do so given the ageing infrastructure and it will cost much more than co-locating it in a shopping mall.[+14 sentences] So, the above three reasons were what I have learnt from NLB. I understand these reasons and the need for NLB to consider different factors and trade-offs. Ultimately, the NLB has a national mission, but they also need to ensure public dollars are well-spent. Still, I would like to ask the following questions, One, can more data or statistics be shared about how visitorship has trended over the past years for Geylang East Library and indeed, other libraries in Singapore? Two, how has overall readership, whether it is via physical loans or digital access, been trending? Three, in terms of lifetime cost, how much does it cost to maintain a standalone building like the Geylang East one versus co-locating it in a shopping mall? Four, if Geylang East Library has to really must be relocated, what will the NLB do to ensure that our residents continue to have easy access to not just the publications but also a space where they can feel safe, to learn, grow and stay meaningfully engaged? Will the community library be possible? How will the NLB work with our community to achieve this? Even as our libraries adopt new models and go digital, let us not lose what once brought us joy, the feel of a real book in our hands, the wonder through crowded shelves that sparks imagination and the shared pleasure of coming together to do something meaningful as a community. In conclusion, libraries continue to be a key foundation for our society and the future. They remind us that civilisation is built not just on technology or trade, but on ideas shared, stories told, and communities formed. In Singapore, libraries remain vital to our national progress, nurturing our minds, connecting our people and helping us navigate an uncertain world. We must treasure them, invest in them and ensure that even as they evolve, our people can continue to access our libraries meaningfully and freely.
Mr Speaker5 words
[+1 sentence]Minister of State Rahayu Mahzam.
The Minister of State for Digital Development and Information (Ms Rahayu Mahzam)1602 words
[+4 sentences]Mr Speaker, I thank the Member for the opportunity to speak on the future of libraries. The Member has raised several queries which I will address in my response to this Motion. Digital disruption has impacted libraries worldwide as reading habits shift amidst a rise in digital content consumption. NLB's latest National Reading Habits Survey confirms this trend. While e-book reading has held steady, physical book reading among adults dropped to 75% in 2024, compared to 89% in 2018.[+9 sentences] And 81% of adults indicated that they like to consume information via videos, compared to 62% who indicated that they like to consume information via hardcopy sources. To remain relevant, libraries will need to adapt and reinvent how they deliver content and services to its citizens. Given the shifts in the information landscape, NLB is aware that inaction will undermine the fundamental role libraries and archives play as custodians of knowledge. In today's digital age, libraries play an even more critical role as community institutions whose physical presence fosters a sense of rootedness in community amongst patrons. We will continue to develop our libraries and strengthen its mandate as a key community node to foster learning and reading in this digital age. NLB has seized the opportunity to re-imagine how libraries should look in the digital age. Today, let me share three key roles of libraries and how NLB will continue to fulfil them to support the reading, learning and discovery needs of our citizens in the digital age. First, libraries serve as catalysts for reading and lifelong learning, a key goal that NLB has always championed. We want Singaporeans to discover, or rediscover, their love for reading, be it turning the pages of a physical book or scrolling through an e-book. Library visitorship and physical loans in 2024 have remained strong, with 20.8 million visitors to our network of libraries, the National Library and the National Archives. Our patrons have also checked out 24 million physical items in 2024, showing that Singaporeans continue to value the physical library experience. At the same time, digital consumption of information continues to be on the rise, with library members borrowing 14.8 million digital items in 2024.[+34 sentences] Beyond championing a culture of reading, NLB is transforming into a national platform for lifelong learning, working with like-minded partners to provide learning opportunities for everyone. While our libraries have traditionally been successful at engaging children, we have increased our offerings for adults. NLB has partnered with SkillsFuture Singapore to help working adults embrace lifelong learning through THRIVE@libraries, our marquee learning festival. Moreover, learning engagement has been extended to seniors through programmes like Time of Your Life Celebration. To support our Smart Nation ambitions, NLB has invested in initiatives to give citizens opportunities to explore emerging technologies. One such initiative is StoryGen, which taps on generative artificial intelligence's image generation capabilities to bring stories to life for library patrons. As new technologies emerge, NLB is committed to ensure that these learning opportunities remain accessible for all. Citizens can count on the public libraries to be a place for them to learn as well as experience new technologies and find out for themselves how exciting these developments can be and how they may apply to everyday life. New technologies come with associated risks. As libraries empower people to embrace new technologies, libraries will also equip citizens with the skills to go online safely and responsibly. Some of you would be familiar with NLB's S.U.R.E. campaign, which stands for Source, Understand, Research, Evaluate, and how it provides everyone with a simple and intuitive framework to assess the reliability of information. This is supported by a range of programmes and resources on topics such as generative artificial intelligence, online scams and digital safety. Another area in which libraries have curated resources on is parenting in a digital age. This is a challenging experience for many parents. Those of us who are parents today did not grow up with digital technologies and are naturally not confident in our ability to guide our children's digital habits. To support digital parenting, NLB has curated relevant resources, such as videos via its LearnX platform, for parents to help their children develop and practise healthy digital habits. NLB will do more in this area and is conducting parenting programmes and workshops at libraries to help parents and children practise healthy digital habits together. Next, our libraries play an important role in bringing learning and knowledge to those with less means in our community. In particular, NLB has been re-inventing itself and its spaces for persons with disabilities (PwDs). In 2023, NLB launched a suite of services for PwDs at the Punggol Library. This includes Calm Pods, which offer a private and calming sensorial experience to those who might need it, and the Borrow-N-Go tunnel, which enables users to go through the wide passageway and have their books automatically checked out. To ensure that these services are developed to meet the diverse needs of PwDs, NLB had engaged over 500 PwDs and their caregivers to understand how its libraries could better serve their needs. As a key social equaliser, NLB continues to support lower-income families through the kidsREAD programme, which promotes reading among young children since 2004. NLB launched kidsREAD@Home last year to bring volunteers directly to public rental flats to conduct reading sessions for children, after a pilot in 2023. To date, almost 200 children have benefited from kidsREAD@Home. Finally, our libraries serve as anchors for the community. They are places where Singaporeans foster connections and encourage one another to learn and discover. Libraries are spaces where people can discover their interests and connect with like-minded individuals. Our libraries are home to 130 volunteer-led learning communities that cover a diverse range of interests. Some examples include Learning I.T. for Seniors, which is conducted in English and Mandarin, and the Ilham Pustaka Malay Reading Club, which is co-facilitated by established local authors. Through these avenues of peer learning, library patrons can exchange knowledge on various interests, generate support for new passion projects and strengthen community networks. Beyond fostering present-day connections, our archives also connect us with our past. The National Library and National Archives are the memory institutions of Singapore, preserving our documentary heritage and sharing stories of our past that help us have a richer understanding of what it means to be Singaporean. The recently launched SG60 Heart&Soul Experience draws extensively from the National Archives' rich repositories of photographs, videos and oral histories, enabling Singaporeans to connect to stories of the past, even as we look towards the future. Our libraries must remain accessible and be conveniently located in key community hubs where Singaporeans live, work and play. This has guided the formulation of the Libraries of the Future Masterplan, a 15-year masterplan to systematically revamp and upgrade the older public libraries from 2017 to 2030.[+7 sentences] As part of this plan, NLB's strategy has been to move standalone libraries to places which enjoy easy access to transportation hubs and networks. This includes shopping malls and integrated hubs. We understand that some Members are concerned about the relocation of the libraries and its impact on the community. The decision to relocate any library is not taken lightly. Before deciding to relocate a particular library or to revamp it in-situ, NLB considers various factors, such as land use plans, the number of residents it can best serve, the library's age and the number of years since the last major renovation. Ultimately, NLB makes the decision based on how it can best serve and reach more patrons with its services and collections. The upcoming relocation of Geylang East Library to Tanjong Katong Complex, as mentioned by the Member, reflects this approach. In the last decade, from 2015 to 2024, Geylang East Library has experienced declining visitorship from 670,000 to less than 470,000, about a 31% drop. We hope the relocation will help to improve the visitorship for the library, just as it did for the libraries at Harbourfront and Tampines, which saw a 58% and 71% increase in visitorship respectively over three years.[+1 sentence] NLB had also considered retaining and revamping Geylang East Library at its current location. However, it will cost more than two times per square metre to revamp it in its current location as compared to relocating it to Tanjong Katong Complex. This translates into a budgetary difference of $22 million.[+11 sentences] We recognise that whenever public libraries are relocated, they will become closer to some residents and farther for others. We are thus committed to ensuring that the new locations remain accessible. For residents who live near the existing Geylang East Library, the new location is a short bus ride away. Notwithstanding this, NLB has engaged Geylang East residents to better understand their needs. We take public feedback seriously. NLB is working to identify a potential suitable space nearby to provide some form of library presence, such as a reading corner or a pop-up library. We will also work with relevant grassroots organisations to help residents access NLB's digital resources or delivery services, ensuring continued reading and learning opportunities. This year marks NLB's 30th anniversary. Our mission is to inspire Singaporeans to read, learn and discover and this mission is stronger than ever. At the National Day Rally, Prime Minister Wong said that Singapore must be a "we first" society. This aligns with how we envision our libraries, as trusted spaces where people from all walks of life come together as one community to read, learn and discover together.
Mr Speaker27 words
Pursuant to Standing Order 2(3)(a), I wish to inform hon Members that the Sitting tomorrow will commence at 11.30 am.[+3 sentences] Order. Order. Adjourned accordingly at 7.48 pm.
Time Limit for Minister's Speech›Motions3 turns · 152w
· 0 highlighted
motion-2704
Mr Deputy Speaker4 words
[+1 sentence]Leader of the House.
The Leader of the House (Ms Indranee Rajah)56 words
[+2 sentences]Mr Deputy Speaker, may I seek your consent and the general assent of Members present to move that the proceedings on the item under discussion be exempted from the provisions of Standing Order No 48(8) to remove the time limit in respect of Minister Ong Ye Kung's speech? Mr Ong will be speaking shortly, I believe.
Mr Deputy Speaker92 words
[+2 sentences]I give my consent. Does the Leader of the House have the general assent of hon Members present to so move? [(proc text) Resolved, "That the proceedings on the item under discussion be exempted from the provisions of Standing Order No 48(8) to remove the time limit in respect of Minister Ong Ye Kung's speech". – (proc text)]
Extension of a Sitting›Motions1 turns · 26w
· 0 highlighted
motion-2706
Mr Speaker26 words
[+2 sentences]Order. Pursuant to Standing Order No 91(3)(d), I propose to extend the time of this day's Committee Sitting for a period of up to 30 minutes.
Adjournment of Debate›Motions5 turns · 50w
· 0 highlighted
motion-2708
Mr Sharael Taha (Pasir Ris-Changi)15 words
[+1 sentence]Mr Speaker, may I seek your consent to move that the debate be now adjourned?
Mr Speaker19 words
[+2 sentences]I give my consent. . (proc text)]
Mr Speaker10 words
[+1 sentence]Mr Sharael Taha, debate to be resumed on what day?
Mr Sharael Taha2 words
[+1 sentence]Tomorrow, Sir.
Mr Speaker4 words
[+2 sentences]So be it. Leader.
Management of Bullying in Schools›Oral Answers to Questions60 turns · 8,325w
· 52 highlighted
oral-answer-3872
Dr Wan Rizal39 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Minister for Education with regard to the recent Sengkang Green Primary bullying case, what further steps have the Ministry taken to strengthen anti-bullying measures and ensure timely support for both victims and perpetrators, including mental health resources.
Mr David Hoe64 words
asked the Minister for Education whether the Ministry will consider (a) reviewing existing anti-bullying disciplinary and rehabilitation frameworks to render them more robust; (b) augmenting suspension-based punitive measures with in-school structured reflection, supervised work and restorative conferences, instead of home suspensions; (c) setting minimum competencies and staff-training hours to strengthen educators' capabilities to handle bullying; and (d) pilot cluster-level bullying support teams by counsellors/para-counsellors.
Mr Chua Kheng Wee Louis65 words
asked the Minister for Education (a) what is the framework for determining the extent of disciplinary measures to be taken against perpetrators of bullying incidents that have been reported in primary schools and secondary schools; (b) what are the follow-up measures that are taken to address the needs of victims and perpetrators; and (c) what is the Ministry’s assessment of the effectiveness of the measures.
Ms Hany Soh45 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Minister for Education (a) whether there is a Ministry or cluster level framework in place on how schools should deal with bullying cases; and (b) whether the Ministry encourages schools to share and develop best practices of dealing with bullying cases among themselves.
Ms Elysa Chen47 words
asked the Minister for Education (a) how quickly are teachers expected to investigate and take action after a report of bullying has been made; and (b) whether the Ministry’s protocols on bullying are followed throughout the process in the recent bullying incident at Sengkang Green Primary School.
Mr Liang Eng Hwa45 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Minister for Education (a) whether schools are adequately resourced to prevent the occurrences of bullying incidents in schools; (b) whether there are proactive monitoring and surveillance to pick up early signs of bullying situations; and (c) what further preventive measures can be taken.
Ms Jessica Tan Soon Neo38 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Minister for Education (a) how will the Ministry equip schools and teachers to detect and respond to multifaceted forms of bullying; and (b) how will the Ministry ensure consistency and accountability of all parties across institutions.
Ms Joan Pereira59 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Minister for Education (a) whether the Ministry will consider adopting more aspects of evidence-based anti-bullying programmes such as intervention teams; (b) what new measures are being considered to further empower victims and bystanders to report bullying incidents safely; and (c) whether there are plans to enhance support systems, such peer support groups, for students affected by bullying.
Ms Elysa Chen44 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Minister for Education how many reported school bullying cases in the past three years involved suspected or confirmed child maltreatment of either the perpetrator or victim of bullying, in light of the impact that a family environment has on a child’s behaviour.
Mr Xie Yao Quan48 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Minister for Education (a) whether the Ministry will consider setting up a centralised anti-bullying unit to support schools to investigate the most egregious cases of bullying and follow up with disciplinary and rehabilitative actions, so as to avoid overburdening teachers; and (b) if not, why not.
Mr Yip Hon Weng61 words
asked the Minister for Education (a) what are the established timelines for schools to investigate bullying incidents and to provide updates to the parents of involved students; and (b) what specific measures are implemented to separate the involved students during an investigation to ensure the victim's safety on school premises and prevent fear-based absenteeism or the need for a school transfer.
Dr Charlene Chen113 words
[+3 sentences]asked the Minister for Education (a) what resources are available to schools to detect and counter less visible forms of bullying such as manipulation, exclusion and cyberbullying; (b) how does the Ministry support teachers in managing bullying cases; and (c) what measures beyond training are implemented to ensure teachers have the time and resources to address bullying without adding to their risk of burnout. The Minister for Education (Mr Desmond Lee): Mr Speaker, Sir, my response will address the questions raised by Members on the management of bullying incidents in schools. May I seek your permission to answer oral Question Nos 1 to 12, and written Question Nos 29 on today's Order Paper?
Mr Speaker2 words
[+1 sentence]Please proceed.
Mr Desmond Lee2004 words
[+13 sentences]Thank you, Sir. My response will also cover related oral and written questions filed both for earlier as well as subsequent Sittings from Mr Yip Hon Weng, Mr Liang Eng Hwa, Dr Charlene Chen, Mr Kenneth Tiong, Mr David Hoe, Mr Xie Yao Quan, Ms Joan Pereira, Ms Hany Soh, Dr Wan Rizal, Ms Jessica Tan, Ms Mariam Jaafar, Ms He Ting Ru, Mr Gerald Giam, Ms Yeo Wan Ling1, Mr Foo Cexiang, Ms Eileen Chong and Ms Elysa Chen. I invite Members to seek clarifications, if needed and thereafter, withdraw their questions for subsequent Sittings. Sir, recent media and online reports of students engaging in hurtful or bullying behaviours towards others have renewed the spotlight on this issue. We place a strong emphasis on providing a safe environment in our schools so that our students can learn, grow and thrive. We know that such incidents affect many people. Children who experience hurtful behaviour may worry about their safety and may find it hard to learn and build friendships. Parents love their children and naturally feel anxious and concerned about the children's well-being, whether they have been affected by bullying or have been themselves involved in hurting others. For our school leaders, teachers and school staff, these incidents require them to manage disruptive behaviours in order to restore discipline. They have to protect those affected, rebuild a safe learning environment and address and correct those involved in wrong behaviours. They seek to help our students learn from their mistakes while engaging with parents who might hold different perspectives on how schools ought to respond. Our approach seeks to provide practical support to help children learn better behaviour, give parents confidence in school responses and enable teachers to maintain caring and enabling learning environments for all students. Let me first outline our approach to managing hurtful behaviours and bullying, before responding to the various questions. First, the Ministry of Education (MOE) takes a firm stance against all forms of hurtful behaviours, from once-off, insensitive comments to persistent intentional acts of bullying and physical violence.[+10 sentences] Schools have rules against such behaviours and teach students why these behaviours are wrong. Second, we recognise that children learn behaviours from multiple sources – home, school, peers, online. Therefore, upstream preventive work involves these parties, and we all need to play a part. Third, discipline in the context of the school environment is an educative process. Disciplinary measures must help students learn the consequences of their actions. As children have the potential to learn from their mistakes and grow through experience, our disciplinary approach must continue to focus on teaching, guiding and rehabilitating our children, and helping to restore relationships. Finally, parents and families are key partners. We need to work with them, build a relationship with them so that they can work with us to instill kindness and respect for others through positive adult role modelling, and closer monitoring of children's online activities, especially outside school. Our schools also work with the community and partners in addressing hurtful behaviours. Some Members asked about the outcomes of previous reviews. In 2020, MOE conducted a review on the Character and Citizenship Education (CCE) curriculum. In the context of that larger review, MOE also looked at the issue of bullying. This led to a number of CCE-related enhancements, which were implemented in 2021.[+2 sentences] Of these, three were relevant to strengthening schools' capacity to address hurtful behaviours and bullying. First, the CCE curriculum was refreshed to place stronger emphasis on guiding students to be kind and caring, both online as well as offline. Second, schools established a peer support system in every school, where students are taught how to support one another, be an upstander and look out for those who do not have strong support from their friends in school.[+17 sentences] So, sometimes, when you go around, you see some of the children with a badge that says "Peer Support Leader", or some other variant of the name. Third, our schools have designated staff whose work covers areas such as fostering positive school culture, addressing hurtful behaviours and working with parents and the community to guide and educate our students. I will next elaborate on how these enhancements and other existing measures address bullying and hurtful behaviours in our schools. Let me start with educative efforts, which some Members have asked about. From young, our students learn pro-social behaviours through lessons and adult role-modelling in schools. The CCE curriculum and the school environment emphasise values and respect, and students learn to be kind to their classmates, resolve disagreements respectfully and learn appropriate ways to stand up against bullying. Through cyber wellness lessons, they also learn to extend such pro-social behaviours online. In addition, students learn about healthy mindsets, habits and skills to strengthen their mental health and resilience in the face of challenges. Students learn how to respond when they encounter unsafe situations. They are taught to stay calm, avoid retaliation, move away from the situation and seek help from a trusted adult, such as their parents, teachers or school leaders. Some Members asked about school processes such as anti-bullying frameworks, reporting channels, investigation, parent engagement timelines and disciplinary measures. Our schools have policies and frameworks that send a clear message to students that hurtful behaviours and bullying are not acceptable. These include school rules and consequences for bullying. There are also various reporting channels for students to report bullying. For example, students can report incidents directly or through their friends, peer support leaders, teachers and school leaders, or through online platforms such as emails or online forms. Discipline talks for students are also conducted regularly by schools to communicate their approach to managing misconduct, including bullying. When an incident is reported, our schools conduct investigations before deciding on the appropriate course of action which includes disciplinary as well as restorative actions. They adopt a tiered approach for disciplinary measures based on the severity of the case. Such measures range from reflection for careless remarks to detention or suspension for more serious cases, and caning for boys in egregious cases.[+1 sentence] These measures help students learn from their mistakes, reframe their thinking and change their behaviours. For severe bullying that warrants Police attention, a Police report will be made and perpetrators may face legal consequences.[+24 sentences] When bullying occurs, our priority is the safety of the affected students. Schools implement safety plans for the victims. This could include separating them from perpetrators, facilitating the removal of hurtful online content and identifying peer support leaders to befriend and look out for them in school. In addition, teachers and school counsellors work with both victims and perpetrators. helping them manage their emotions and work towards mending ties and restoring friendships. Students who continue to experience distress are referred to community resources, such as the Response, Early Intervention and Assessment in Community Mental Health (REACH) teams for more specialised support. I will just pause here to mention that I am using the words "perpetrator" and "victim" in order to shorten the phrases, but I know people might be concerned about the labels that we use – and certainly we are mindful of that – and we continue to see how best we can find the right terms to use both in public discourse as well as in our institutions. So, please bear with us in the meantime. I would also say, Sir, that parent engagement and partnership are vital. When bullying incidents happen, schools engage parents to inform them about the facts of the incident, work with them on the safety plan and focus on the well-being of the students. The time it takes to investigate each case will vary, depending on complexity. Similarly, restoring and mending relationships and improving behaviour, take time and parents are encouraged to work with schools and give this process some time to take effect. Schools share resources with parents and parent support groups on how to form caring relationships and monitor their children's online behaviour, online activities and tips to support the children in cases of bullying and cyberbullying. I have a printed copy of the "Parenting for Wellness Toolbox" for parents, which is put together by MOE, the Health Promotion Board (HPB) and the Ministry of Social and Family Development (MSF). There are some chapters here on, for example, cyberbullying: when a child is the victim, what can parents do? How can they work with the schools? How to notice signs and symptoms that the child might have been cyberbullied both in and outside of school, how to engage in conversation with the children and then, of course, when your child is himself or herself involved in causing hurtful behaviour against others. Mr Speaker, some Members have asked about teachers training and support for our schools. As part of teacher preparation courses, all teachers are trained to foster positive class culture, address hurtful behaviours and recognise signs of distress. They are supported by key personnel and school counsellors. Our schools use MOE guidelines and resources on what constitutes bullying and cyberbullying, and how to manage these cases. Some schools also work with social service agencies (SSAs) to conduct bullying and cyberbullying awareness programmes for students and training workshops for school staff. School personnel also regularly review their school-based strategies to manage bullying and share good practices with other schools. Indeed, improving our framework to tackle bullying is a continual work-in-progress. Members have raised useful suggestions that we will consider as we seek to strengthen our current measures. As I shared on 27 August this year at a dialogue with educators, parents and community partners, MOE had been conducting a comprehensive review of bullying since early 2025.[+6 sentences] Based on the work done so far, we are now conducting external public consultation on four key areas. First, strengthening our school culture, environment and processes. Second, give greater emphasis to values education for our students. Third, providing more resources and support for our schools and educators and deepening their capacity. Fourth, enhancing school-home partnerships, the relationship between our teachers and educators, and parents and families. We are encouraged to have received many constructive suggestions from parents, students, educators, community partners and researchers. These include providing schools with more resources to investigate and deal with cases, involving parents support groups to support parents whose children are involved in bullying, keeping parents informed about the content of CCE lessons so that they can reinforce values education at home and involving peers to educate others on being an upstander – among many other suggestions. We will consider all these suggestions as well as ideas raised by Members seriously, before finalising the recommendations which we aim to release in the first half of 2026.[+2 sentences] Our shared goal as an education system and as a society must be an empowering one. We have a collective responsibility to help our children, our next generation, learn how to relate to others, be kind and show respect to others. In this, children model behaviours and pick up values from the home environment, their school environment and the community.[+3 sentences] Some learn quickly. Some repeat mistakes. Others make new ones. We have some 400,000 over children in our primary and secondary schools, and their daily interactions in class, outside class, outside school.[+7 sentences] And children make mistakes. They make mistakes in their academic studies. They may make mistakes when they were performing the co-curricular activities (CCAs). They may make mistakes in their project work. And they may make mistakes in their interpersonal relationships with others, both with their teachers as well as other schoolmates. Some of these could be inadvertent or careless behaviour, lack of awareness or sensitivity. Some of it could be deliberate. And some of it could be a function of their conditions – some may have special needs or other issues that they are grappling with. They learn best through calm correction from adults, reflecting on how they should have behaved, make amends for their behaviour, experience disciplinary consequences and being welcomed back to their social circles with continued guidance and support.
Speaker not recorded114 words
[+4 sentences]I thank Members of Parliament (MPs) and the public for the care and concern shown for the well-being of our students and educators. Ultimately, we want to keep improving and enhancing our system, addressing the concerns of parents, the workload on our educators and their sense of mission; and of course, addressing the issues that the public raised. We all want the same outcome: for schools to be safe, caring and enabling environments for all students and our staff. MOE will continue to work with schools, parents, community professionals and members of the public as we collectively role model the right behaviours and create the gracious and respectful society for our children to flourish.
Mr Speaker3 words
[+1 sentence]Dr Wan Rizal.
Dr Wan Rizal (Jalan Besar)317 words
[+10 sentences]Mr Speaker, I thank the Minister for sharing our approach towards bullying. As a parent, when I first heard the news about bullying and how persistent it has been over the past few months, it was extremely worrying. As an educator and someone who believes strongly in mental health, I thought we were on the right track, scaffolding our efforts to make sure that we give the right support to the children. But being a parent too, and many parents have actually approached me about the concern of whether we are being a bit too soft in our approach, and whether a harder stance would be necessary. As an educator, I also feel that, sometimes as educators, we do not have that empowerment to take extra steps further. Of course, we worry about the effects of us being too hard on our students sometimes, but I think it is a balance. Having said that, I have two supplementary questions for the Minister. Firstly, parents are often the first to notice the changes in the child when someone goes through a certain phase. And I think we need to have more support. The toolkit provided is actually wonderful. In fact, I have questioned before, how accessible it is for our parents. So, my question is, how do we make use of this toolkit further to prevent and empower parents to help them in their journey in helping their children when they are bullied or, in this case, both sides, whether it is the perpetrator or the victim, I think we need to give the right support for them.[+1 sentence] As an educator, I have mentioned before about our worries about being sidelined for taking a harder stance on some students, for example. Is there some assurance from the Ministry, so that our educators can take a harder stance sometimes and balance it, as we approach our students moving forward?
Mr Desmond Lee527 words
[+8 sentences]I can see where the Member is coming from, both as an educator as well as a parent. Let me address these questions. First on empowering parents, sharing with them best practices, sharing with them the toolkits – I have explained earlier in my response how our schools already do that and how some of these materials are available both online and sometimes in hard copy. But I think we should spend this quality time looking at how we can further enhance and improve our system to address the concerns of children, parents and of the public, while also making sure that we assure our educators and our school staff who are on the frontlines, teaching, not just teaching academic knowledge, but also shaping, teaching and moulding lives, values and perspectives. There were some ideas that were given through the review, including the dialogue that I hosted. A parent shared that in the school that her daughter was in, the school would, at the start of every academic year, have some material circulated to every parent, and this is over and on top of what is already being done across most schools and by MOE. This is what we call the community learning network, where we have our educators from different tracks share their best practices with one another, so that we continue this spirit of positive learning on how to manage various issues on the ground as well as in the community. So, that is first, and we certainly would value ideas from the Member as well as other Members on how better we can support parents, work with our schools and with our teachers to manage these issues, whether the child is a recipient of hurtful behaviour, or is the person who affects others through his or her behaviour. In terms of educators, we have, as I said, a suite of tools that schools can use as a tiered approach, from reflection and learning for mild cases or careless cases or hurtful comments, to more severe punitive measures, such as suspension, detention.[+2 sentences] And some discipline masters have also shared with me that they make some adjustments along the way. For example, they may find that it is more effective to make the child perform some community work in the school as opposed to just suspending the child and the child does not learn and the child might not see that really as punishment, in certain circumstances. But all in, when I describe the multi-tiered approach in terms of the severity, if I may use that word loosely, of disciplinary measures, I think we must keep emphasising the fact that these are intended to help the child understand that there are consequences for certain behaviours. Those disciplinary measures must be appropriate to the context and to the children involved, as well as conduce to learn from their mistakes, reflection, restoration of relationships, including mutual apologies or apologies of the appropriate kind and then the children move forward.[+1 sentence] So, when these are done appropriately, and we leave some judgement to the educators and school leaders, these will help eventually for our children to learn and to grow.
Mr Speaker3 words
[+1 sentence]Mr David Hoe.
Mr David Hoe (Jurong East-Bukit Batok)275 words
[+4 sentences]Thank you, Speaker. And I thank the Minister for his response. Allow me to say that my three questions come from conversations with various Singaporeans. First and foremost, it is about disciplinary measures. Could MOE consider moving from home suspension to in-house suspension in school?[+5 sentences] Reason being because suspension during my time was painful because you do not get to interact with your friends and even if you go to the arcade, you have to be home by 6.30 pm. But parents do highlight to me that with the access of mobile phones today, a home suspension just means that at home, they can play Mobile Legend. This then makes us question the effectiveness of home suspension. So, could MOE consider moving from home suspension to in-house suspension? The second question comes from the fact about the well-being and the safety of the person that is reporting. Could MOE consider a standard anti-retaliation clause, explicit consequences for post-report harassment and communicate this to students and parents, because what they do know is that for students who report, they are worried that the parents of the person that they reported on will come after them.[+2 sentences] And the third point is about accessible channels. I recognise that there are a few accessible channels mentioned earlier, but we wonder whether could MOE consider specifying a minimum bundle of reporting options, such as those mentioned earlier, peer support, online reporting and so on, so that this allows schools to have a common baseline and every child in all schools will know that these are the various tools that they can access, while still allowing schools to retain their autonomy.
Mr Desmond Lee238 words
[+5 sentences]Sir, on the first question, as I mentioned earlier, there are a range of disciplinary measures that are availed to our schools. They apply it based on the circumstances and based on the children concerned. This idea of suspension, the feedback that the Member has given to us is also feedback we have received for some children. Suspension from school, sometimes, is also a safety measure to separate the children and ask the child concerned to not come to class, it can be viewed differently. For some children, they feel that this is a consequence that they learn from. For some others, it might not quite have the intended effect because they see it through a different lens and they would not mind being away from school and being at home, and worse, if there is little or no supervision at home, if parents are busy at work. Therefore, our schools also do what you call in-school suspension, where you are away from the class, but you do your learning or do some other community work or service in the school as a disciplinary measure for the actions.[+4 sentences] The Member raised two other suggestions. I view them as suggestions and ideas. One, an anti-retaliation clause, another on accessible bundle of channels. I will take it in the spirit, as I mentioned earlier, that the Member's views, as well as those of other Members, will be studied and considered.
Mr Speaker50 words
[+4 sentences]There are many Members who wish to ask questions. I will only call on those who have filed Parliamentary Questions (PQs) on this subject. I also request that everyone keep your supplementary questions short so that we can cover as many PQs in the course of today. Mr Louis Chua.
Mr Chua Kheng Wee Louis (Sengkang)94 words
[+4 sentences]Thank you, Speaker. Two supplementary questions for the Minister. First, to what extent is there the close monitoring of the victims as well as the perpetrators after the bullying – on the part of victims, when it comes to adherence to the safety plan; and for the perpetrators, the adherence to any long-term interventions and rehabilitation? Second is, in terms of the existing review that is ongoing, where does the Minister or the Ministry see as the current gaps that need to be further strengthened and when can we expect these to be announced?
Mr Desmond Lee145 words
[+3 sentences]I take Speaker's guidance on short replies. First, close monitoring of the children involved. Well, the schools will do that after consequences are meted out or counselling and other measures are brought into place and depending on the situation, of course, and depending on the impact of the children, the educators, the school counsellors necessary, or sometimes even external agencies like REACH, may be called in and each will have to be customised based on the situation. In terms of the gaps or the possible areas that we are looking at, I have articulated them in my response: strengthening school culture, environment and processes, greater emphasis to values education, more support for schools and educators, deepening their capacity and enhancing school home partnerships. I mentioned that we hope, by the first half of next year, to be able to roll out a suite of recommendations.
Mr Speaker25 words
[+3 sentences]Ms Hany Soh. Mr Louis Chua and Minister Desmond Lee have set the gold standard in terms of their clarifications and replies. Please maintain it.
Ms Hany Soh (Marsiling-Yew Tee)142 words
[+5 sentences]I will try my best, Mr Speaker. Thank you, Minister, in acknowledging the fact that parent engagement is vital in such situations of bullying. In this regard, I wish to ask how promptly do the schools or the teachers get in touch with the parents? Is it once the bullying incident had occurred, to update the parents at the earliest opportunity, and whether there will be continuous efforts to handhold and work with the parents in addressing the issues? I think, many a times, while we acknowledge and understand that resources are lean, and teachers and schools are working very hard in addressing different issues at the same time, it does comes in useful to assure the parents on the progress and hard work that have been undertaken by the teachers and the schools in their best efforts to address the issue.
Mr Desmond Lee256 words
[+10 sentences]Sir, when an incident happens, as I said earlier, the first priority is safety. And if a safety plan needs to be put in place, it will be done. That is the first priority. Then, some fact-finding – what happened, who were involved and so on. And in deciding whether and when to contact parents, sometimes, there are one-off incidents in class, where children have an altercation or some hurtful words were said, and the teacher's teaching and the teacher wants to restore discipline, turn it into a learning opportunity and then carry on with the rest of the class. And sometimes, the teachers might then say, it has been addressed between two or three children, one-off, they might then decide they do not really need to get the parents involved. But sometimes the issue is more serious or if it is a repeat issue, the teachers, of course, apart from tackling safety and then doing some quick fact-finding, will then notify the parents. It is a judgement that the key personnel for student well-being, as well as the teachers and the school leaders have to exercise. Of course, when they notify the parents, they would notify all sides who were involved, in order to tell them what has happened so that they also hear from the school and then, of course, on the follow-up action the school will take. And of course, working with the parents to make sure that the learning points are carried across both in the classroom as well as at home.
Mr Speaker3 words
[+1 sentence]Ms Elysa Chen.
Ms Elysa Chen (Bishan-Toa Payoh)110 words
[+4 sentences]Thank you, Minister, for appreciating that children pick up behaviours from home and other contexts. I also like to ask the Minister if he can share what support measures are in place for students who have been identified as victims or perpetrators of bullying who also experience child maltreatment at home? And also, how does the Ministry ensure that teachers and school staff are trained to recognise signs of child maltreatment linked to bullying cases? My last question: because we understand that each case is varying in complexity, can the Ministry provide an average timeframe for resolution to report to closure in bullying cases that have been reported across schools?
Mr Desmond Lee108 words
[+1 sentence]Sir, for children who are either recipients of hurtful behaviour or the actors of hurtful behaviour or bullying, and if it is identified that they themselves were involved in, say, family violence or some family maltreatment that warranted the attention of the social services, then the schools will work with the social services, like the Family Service Centres (FSCs), or other specialised agencies to follow up. On the second question, the Member is asking for average time, I think, that is very hard to give a clear answer to, because it really depends on the facts of the case, depends on the circumstances and depends on the severity.
Mr Speaker4 words
[+1 sentence]Mr Liang Eng Hwa.
Mr Liang Eng Hwa (Bukit Panjang)114 words
[+4 sentences]Sir, two questions. Firstly, I would like to ask the Minister, in the recent notable cases in the schools, whether the schools or MOE do a postmortem or look-back review to see whether if there were interventions earlier, or could these have been prevented? So, this is the first question. The second question is, whether does MOE also carry out some of these psychological studies or research, to better look out for the kind of profile of students who are likely to bully others and those that are likely to be bullied, so that it can be instructive for the educators on how to look out for indications and signs that bullying could happen?
Mr Desmond Lee247 words
[+3 sentences]Whether schools do postmortem, well, it depends on what has happened. But I am confident that the schools do look-backs just as they share best practices with one another, both within the school as well as across various schools and clusters. Second, I think, the Member is asking whether we look at the background of students or have some circumstances based on social work practices where we look out for possible signs and symptoms. In our schools, when things arise, they will look into not just the behaviour, but we principally want to look at what is the underlying cause.[+5 sentences] So, it is not just consequences and then help them to learn. We need to try to ascertain what are the underlying causes that lead to this. If it is a repeat issue, does the child have special needs that may cause them to react in a certain way, for which, certain course of action is needed to support the child? Is it due to poor role modelling, maybe outside school? Is it social media? Do they come from families, as Member Elysa Chen mentioned, where there might be family violence at home and the children then manifest their behaviour in school in a particular way?[+3 sentences] I think that is the deeper work that not just our educators but also that of the school counsellors. Sometimes, if it manifests itself in long-term absenteeism, our school welfare officers will also get involved. So, these are the two questions.
Mr Speaker3 words
[+1 sentence]Ms Jessica Tan.
Ms Jessica Tan Soon Neo (East Coast)158 words
[+2 sentences]Thank you, Speaker. I have two supplementary questions. One, while I understand, this is a very complex environment in terms of bullying, there is a whole spectrum of it and we do want to give the schools autonomy in terms of managing that because two cases are never the same. But how would MOE ensure that there is some consistency and accountability of all parties, whether it is victim, bully, family or even the educators across institutions, whether there is some consistency, because the Minister talked about best practices.[+3 sentences] So, in terms of the actual best practice implementation, is there some consistency and accountability across all institutions? And second, while it is extremely difficult, what training or help is given to both students and teachers in terms of early identification of bullying cases? It is extremely difficult in some cases, but is there training or support given so that there could be early identification and therefore, early intervention?
Mr Desmond Lee337 words
[+10 sentences]First, as I mentioned earlier, there is an MOE framework, the School Bullying Management Guidelines that is issued to schools where they set out some guidelines for schools in order to help them implement their measures effectively in school. There is a community learning network – sometimes, it involves the discipline masters; sometimes, school leaders for different topics, they also have these learning networks for various subjects as well and CCA and CCE, and so on. So, when it comes to managing hurtful behaviour, bullying in schools, there is also such a network among teachers as well as key personnel who are involved in our schools in handling these issues. Second, is that training and help for early identification that would apply across the board in the school, from school leader to educator to counsellor and school welfare officers to our students. A lot of it is enmeshed into our CCE classes that bring across these points in an age-appropriate way. For example, in primary school, lower primary, we teach them about friendship: how to make friends, how to maintain friendships, how to be kind, caring and sensitive to one another. And as you grow a little bit older, it will be a bit more explicit about hurtful and bullying behaviours and then how to be an upstander, how to respond appropriately and how to look out for cyberbullying, and so on. So, that is for the school at large. Then, of course, we have peer support leaders and that was a result of the 2020 major CCE framework review. Peer support leaders do not just deal with bullying and hurtful behaviours, of course, they are there to help students who have difficulty adjusting, new students who have come in, primary one students, help to keep an eye out for other students who might run into difficulties or may feel down and of course, to look out for early signs of bullying and then trained to report to an appropriate adult, including a teacher or a counsellor.
Mr Speaker3 words
[+1 sentence]Ms Joan Pereira.
Ms Joan Pereira (Tanjong Pagar)56 words
[+3 sentences]I have got two supplementary questions for the Minister. For cases of cyberbullying, what is the status of the Ministry's work with relevant authorities and online platforms to take action on cyberbullying incidents or content? And my second question, do these include quick-response channels that will allow the rapid take down of bullying content posted online?
Mr Desmond Lee141 words
Well, I mentioned earlier that there is some material that is put out for parents, for the community and, then, internally for the school community, guidelines and even some case studies on how to identify, deal with cyberbullying incidents involving children in schools. I understand that the Infocomm Media Development Authority of Singapore has legislation that might give them powers to require takedowns. That is, of course, asking the platform to do so if there is a threshold met.[+2 sentences] But at the school-level, if it is one child posting about another child, then it will involve, at the school-level, asking the children concerned to take it down as part of the resolution process. As for quick-reporting channels, I believe that I mentioned earlier that some schools have online forms, contact arrangements and reporting channels for them to report bullying, including cyberbullying.
Mr Speaker4 words
[+1 sentence]Mr Xie Yao Quan.
Mr Xie Yao Quan (Jurong Central)71 words
[+2 sentences]Speaker, I go to the question that I filed, suggesting the set-up of a centralised anti-bullying unit to support schools to not only investigate the most egregious cases of bullying, but also to follow up with disciplinary and rehabilitative actions with the key purpose of avoiding overburdening our teachers. And I would just like to ask the Minister if that is one of the specific measures being considered under the review?
Mr Desmond Lee302 words
[+6 sentences]I thank the Member for his suggestion and again, in the spirit of what I mentioned earlier, we are conducting a review and we certainly take Member Xie Yao Quan's suggestion into serious consideration. If I may share, during our engagements, we also received a similar suggestion. Our teachers are there to teach, but when incidents happen, they want to restore discipline so teaching can continue. But even in dealing with these bad behaviours, as I said, children make mistakes on their academic work, project work and there is corrective and remedial action needed from a pedagogical point of view. But also when it comes to certain behaviours that they manifest in the classroom, in trying to restore classroom discipline, it is also a teachable moment for the students. Having said that, when matters escalate or if it is more serious, key personnel in the school may be involved. School leaders may be involved and sometimes, even beyond the school if a matter is more serious, including the Police or the superintendent, zonal directors or even headquarters itself. There was a suggestion, as part of the review that is ongoing, that we bring in experts with knowledge in restorative practice, or RP, for instance.[+4 sentences] And, of course, we have to study this carefully, because if we bring these people in, they will have to then integrate well with what is happening in our schools. The teachers on the ground know the children well and also understand the dynamics. If we bring in an external party, they have expertise, but they will then also have to go through a certain get-up in order to understand what is going on and to build the relationship with the school, educators and staff as well as with the parents. So, certainly, we will study it seriously.
Mr Speaker4 words
[+1 sentence]Mr Yip Hon Weng.
Mr Yip Hon Weng (Yio Chu Kang)76 words
[+2 sentences]Mr Speaker, I thank the Minister for his reply. I have two supplementary questions raised by educators. Could the Minister share what safeguards are in place to prevent over-reporting of false positives that may overwhelm teachers and dilute attention from serious cases?[+1 sentence] And secondly, in strengthening anti-bullying measures, how does the Ministry strike a balance between protecting victims and helping students build resilience to manage everyday small disagreements or teasing that may not amount to bullying?
Mr Desmond Lee30 words
[+3 sentences]May I just ask the Member, I did not quite catch the first question: over-reporting that overwhelms the teachers? Perhaps the Member can clarify. Sorry, I did not catch that.
Mr Yip Hon Weng31 words
[+1 sentence]I mean, for small issues or incidents that may not be considered as bullying, but students report it to teachers and teachers may be overwhelmed by some of these small incidents.
Mr Desmond Lee479 words
[+17 sentences]I understand where the Member is coming from. I think, sometimes you can never get it perfect because so many children are involved and we have this network of peer support leaders as well, and all our children are encouraged to report if there are issues that they face. They are not feeling good, or they see some other classmate in difficulty or they see some behaviours, they will report, because they look up to the teacher as someone whom they respect, as a figure of authority, someone whom they know and trust, and the teacher will then exercise judgement. I do not think there is a particular policy you can put in place to get children, including primary school children, to calibrate it to the right level. But we are mindful, ultimately, of the demands on our teachers. They are prepared to work hard, but there must be clear purpose and meaning, and helping our children learn the right values and the right behaviours, and building resilience in them is important, comparable to what they are teaching in terms of academic subjects. These lessons in life, these life-skills are, perhaps, even more important. So, our teachers will not shy away and will use these as opportunities to try to turn it into a teachable moment. The Member is right. I do not think we want to give people the impression that we do not want to overprotect our children because we want them to be resilient. It is a careful balance. We want to arm our children, put processes in place so that the school can be and continue to be a safe, conducive environment for learning, not just academic learning but also learning of values, behaviours and team work and so on – all the 21st Century Competencies that we think are important for our children to take away into life. And yet, when you have behaviours and interactions, and as I said, there are 400,000 primary and secondary school children, plus minus, if you add the whole system together, ITE, polytechnics and universities, half a million. And the number of micro interactions is huge. Really, these are people-to-people relationships and you want a certain degree of resilience, being able to just brush it off and say, "Well, this person, I understand, may have had a bad day". But there is a threshold that is not a bright line that is crossed, when that becomes toxic, when that has an impact in a negative way, and when we say we step in, it does not mean we overprotect. It means we step in to prevent further harm, look at what has happened and make sure that those involved learn, including people who are at the receiving end of the bullying behaviour, to also learn how they can better protect themselves and also understand the spirit of forgiveness.
Mr Speaker3 words
[+1 sentence]Dr Charlene Chen.
Dr Charlene Chen (Tampines)66 words
[+3 sentences]Thank you, Mr Speaker. I would like to ask the Minister whether schools, or staff in schools, are penalised for bullying cases happening in schools? And if so, whether such practices may inadvertently incentivise cover-ups, and more importantly, hinder MOE's efforts to send more resources to support these schools. A second question would be, if no, are there any reasons to believe why cover-ups could happen?
Mr Desmond Lee68 words
I am not aware that there are such penalties for schools or educators if a bullying incident happens in their class or in the school. I cannot believe there is, though I would certainly go back and check. When the Member mentions cover-ups, I think it is best to look at specific cases that we can then examine and investigate, if necessary, because it is a serious allegation.
Mr Speaker3 words
[+1 sentence]Ms Eileen Chong.
Ms Eileen Chong Pei Shan (Non-Constituency Member)222 words
[+3 sentences]Thank you, Mr Speaker. I thank the Minister for touching on MOE's upstream preventative measures and approaches. My supplementary questions actually pertain to this. I am very heartened to hear about the enhancements that have been made to the CCE since 2021 and I would like to ask if the Minister could elaborate on how the Ministry actually evaluates the effectiveness of some of these changes made, especially in light of some MOE statistics, as of 2024, which indicates that bullying numbers have been held steady in the last five years.[+3 sentences] And to the Minister's point about how children actually learn from multiple behaviour sources, which thus highlights the importance of upstream preventative measures, I am very heartened to hear about programmes, like the Parenting for Wellness programme and other tool kits that are available for parents, but more importantly, we also understand that implementation is often times as important as programme and toolkit design. So, could the Minister elaborate on what is the uptake rate by parents of the more than 400,000 school-going primary and secondary school children of these toolkits and programmes? And if the uptake rate is low, whether there are other ways to increase this uptake without placing the onus on our teachers that are already burdened trying to manage the situation in school and outside of school?
Mr Desmond Lee339 words
[+13 sentences]Well, these CCE changes come about as a result of review. We had a comprehensive review of the kinds of character and values that we see as important to develop in our children, and we will continue to review these from time to time. And then they are then delivered through pedagogy, through class activities, through student activity, and so on, as well as adult role modelling. And as I said earlier, we hope to be able to also share that with parents so that they can do some reinforcement at home. Our parents take charge of our children's upbringing and are also, in a way, teachers of values and character, in as much as our teachers in our classrooms. As to how we can measure and evaluate, there are so many factors that go into the behaviours of our children. We, of course, can see some of these manifests themselves in the children's relationship with one another, their attitudes towards the people around them, including their teachers. Some of these can be seen on the ground. But I think it is very hard to scientifically measure for each and every child whether these improvements to CCE have, in the short term or immediate term, resulted in certain factors. So, the causative link is not so easy to establish, but these are reinforced, these are role-modelled, and we hope that this sets them in a good position and trajectory for life. As for the uptake of the tool kits, I do not have the data at this point in time. I have said, in my reply, that these are made available, our schools disseminate some of this information to our parents as well as to parent support groups. And we, certainly, as part of this review, want to see how we can improve the material, make it more accessible to diverse audiences and find better and more effective ways to connect with our parents, not just by sharing information, but by working together for our children's well-being and development.
Mr Speaker4 words
[+1 sentence]Ms Yeo Wan Ling.
Ms Yeo Wan Ling (Punggol)131 words
[+5 sentences]Thank you, Speaker. Protecting our young through the prevention and identification of online harms and cyberbullying needs to be a whole-of-community effort. In my community engagements with parents, given that the bullying happens to be in the "unseen" online world, I note that many parents were not aware of the extent of their child's cyberbullying cases. With online bullying ground movements coming from school backyards, for instance, "XXX", being the school's name, and confessions on social media pages, chat groups, game rooms, how will the school and Ministry reach out to the community to be vigilant to such pages and such movements? Beyond the current reporting channels, will the Ministry also consider a nationwide campaign to stamp out cyberbullying in schools, because really, it is not okay to be not okay.
Mr Desmond Lee63 words
The short answer to both is, we will study in the course of the review. For the Member's suggestions, on the first, we will also welcome members of the public, including Members of this House, if you have seen any of these sites, to also alert us, I think that will be the "all hands on deck" approach to looking after our children.
Mr Speaker50 words
[+3 sentences]I have called on all Members who filed PQs on this matter for today and the next three days. The last member I am going to call is Mr Gerald Giam. You had filed a question for written answer yesterday, but I will allow you to ask another supplementary question.
Mr Gerald Giam Yean Song (Aljunied)100 words
[+6 sentences]Thank you, Mr Speaker. Sir, one of the most effective ways to stop bullying is through peer disapproval. How do schools encourage and empower students who are bystanders to intervene and tell the bully that what they are doing is not okay? The Minister mentioned that students are taught to be upstanders and to respond appropriately to bullying. Can this be made part of the core CCE curriculum and be introduced at a lower primary level? This will be a very important skill that they will carry into adulthood, because bullying can happen at all ages and in all environments.
Mr Desmond Lee113 words
[+1 sentence]I thank the Member for his important point. Upstanding behaviour is not just something that our peer support leaders are trained to do. We hope our students, as a whole, will not just stand at the side, be an audience, or worse, even implicitly egg people on. So, this is really about fomenting and formulating a positive school culture and class culture, which I mentioned earlier, that is the aim of this review, to see how we can further strengthen existing efforts to create a positive school culture, not just a kind and caring culture, but one in which people speak up and make clear what is not acceptable behaviour in their midst.
Mr Speaker19 words
[+2 sentences]That is the end of the MOE question time, almost an hour. Mr Xie Yao Quan, next question please.
Reasons for Lower Proportion of Fresh Graduates in Full-time Employment and Extent of Help from GRaduate Industry Traineeship Programme›Oral Answers to Questions43 turns · 5,355w
· 27 highlighted
oral-answer-3873
Mr Xie Yao Quan62 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Minister for Manpower in respect of a lower proportion of fresh graduates from Institutes of Higher Learning landing full-time permanent employment after graduation (a) what are the cyclical and structural factors contributing to this trend; (b) how does the GRaduate Industry Traineeships Programme (GRIT) address these factors; and (c) what further measures is the Ministry considering to address these factors.
Mr Edward Chia Bing Hui47 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Minister for Manpower (a) whether the GRaduate Industry Traineeships (GRIT) Programme will affect the long-term earning potential of fresh graduates; (b) what guardrails guide its implementation and how are these reviewed; and (c) how are host employers and sectors selected, especially in strategic growth sectors.
Mr Patrick Tay Teck Guan33 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Minister for Manpower what plans does the Ministry have to encourage host employers to fairly consider fresh graduates participating in the GRaduate Industry Traineeships (GRIT) Programme for conversion to full-time positions.
Mr Liang Eng Hwa40 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Minister for Manpower (a) what is the number of companies that will be participating in the GRaduate Industry Traineeships programme; and (b) what is the allocation breakdown of the 800 traineeship places among the universities, polytechnics and ITEs.
Ms Gho Sze Kee34 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Minister for Manpower (a) how many companies are currently on board the GRaduate Industry Traineeships (GRIT) Programme; and (b) how will the Ministry monitor and ensure the quality of the traineeship experience.
Ms Jessica Tan Soon Neo63 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Minister for Manpower (a) what measures are there to ensure that GRaduate Industry Traineeships (GRIT) offer meaningful, structured learning experiences for fresh graduates; (b) how will the Ministry monitor the quality of host organisations and mentorship provided; and (c) how will GRIT draw from best practices in internship programmes at tertiary institutions for a win-win outcome for trainees and participating companies.
Dr Hamid Razak40 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Minister for Manpower what safeguards are in place under the GRaduate Industry Traineeships (GRIT) Programme to ensure that the emphasis remains on providing meaningful training and developmental opportunities to fresh graduates, rather than on cost-savings for host organisations.
Mr Gerald Giam Yean Song44 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Minister for Manpower (a) how the initial number of 800 GRaduate Industry Traineeship positions was determined; and (b) what is the Ministry's projected demand for traineeship placements based on the number of recent graduates in 2024 and 2025 who are seeking employment.
Mr Yip Hon Weng62 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Minister for Manpower (a) what key factors contribute to the decrease in employment in permanent jobs for fresh graduates; (b) what are the goals and KPIs of the new Government-funded traineeship programme for recent graduates; and (c) how does it address the factors affecting permanent jobs for fresh graduates and what other measures are planned to arrest this employment trend.
The Minister for Manpower (Dr Tan See Leng)103 words
[+1 sentence]Mr Speaker, with your permission, I would like to address the following Parliamentary Questions (PQs) on graduate employment and the GRaduate Industry Traineeships (GRIT) programme together: questions filed by Mr Chua Kheng Wee Louis and Ms Eileen Chong Pei Shan from yesterday's Sitting; oral Question Nos 13 to 21 from today's Order Paper on graduate employment; and oral and written questions filed by Ms Lee Hui Ying1, Mr Kenneth Tiong Boon Kiat, Ms Eileen Chong Pei Shan, Mr Ng Shi Xuan2, 3, Ms Poh Li San4, Ms Nadia Ahmad Samdin and Dr Charlene Chen for the subsequent Sittings, also relating to graduate employment.
Mr Speaker3 words
[+1 sentence]Please go ahead.
Dr Tan See Leng314 words
[+5 sentences]I would also like to invite all Members to seek clarifications after and consider withdrawing the questions filed for future Sittings, if they have been addressed. Mr Yip Hon Weng and Mr Xie Yao Quan asked about the key factors contributing to the decrease in permanent employment of fresh graduates. First, I would like to clarify that we have not seen a decrease in permanent employment of fresh graduates in the 2025 cohort so far. Mr Yip and Mr Xie may be referring to the decrease in the permanent employment rate of fresh graduates six months after graduation from 2023 to 2024, reported in the Joint Autonomous Universities Graduate Employment Survey. Based on our data so far, we have, in fact, seen some improvement in employment rates from 2024 to 2025. As of June this year, around 9,300 graduates from the 2025 cohort, or 52%, were employed.[+1 sentence] This employment rate was higher than that of the 2024 cohort at the same time last year, when 8,600 graduates, or 48% of the 2024 cohort, were employed. The proportion of graduates in permanent employment has also increased, at about 44% in 2025 compared to 37% in 2024.[+1 sentence] I believe these figures will improve further, as many graduates were only beginning their job searches in June. The employment rate of the 2024 cohort has risen from 48%, as mentioned earlier, to 88% this June.[+3 sentences] That said, Members of the House, we recognise the anxieties and challenges faced by fresh graduates in their job searches. Based on our data, we assess that this might be partly driven by a significantly higher number of fresh graduates from the 2025 cohort entering the job market immediately after graduation, compared to last year. With your permission, Mr Speaker, Sir, may I display a chart to better illustrate my point and may I ask the Clerks to distribute a copy as well.
Mr Speaker15 words
[+1 sentence]Please go ahead.
Dr Tan See Leng88 words
[+3 sentences]Members may also access these materials through the MP@SGPARL App. If Members look at the chart that has been distributed, compared to the same time last year, there were about 2,400 more fresh graduates looking for a job instead of either taking a gap break or going for further studies. Hence, even though there were about 700 more fresh graduates who were employed, the additional 1,700 active jobseekers who had yet to find a job may have contributed to a stronger sense of job competition among fresh graduates.
Speaker not recorded1163 words
[+4 sentences]Moreover, external factors including economic headwinds from increased trade tensions, the imposition of tariffs and geopolitical conflict and growing concerns over artificial intelligence taking over entry-level jobs have added to the anxieties of our fresh graduates. Therefore, even though graduate employment rates remain stable, we need to support the additional influx of graduates looking for work. We have introduced GRIT to give graduates an opportunity to pick up industry experience and practical skills to boost their employability in the longer term. This model builds on positive results seen for the trainees who participated during the COVID-era SGUnited Traineeships (SGUT). To Ms Eileen Chong's question, close to 90% of SGUT trainees found regular employment within six months after completion.[+19 sentences] While the median starting salary for degree graduate trainees who participated in SGUT, at close to $3,400, was slightly lower than the median of $3,700 reported in the Joint Autonomous University Graduate Employment Survey 2020, these figures are not directly comparable, because the demographics of both groups differ. The economic context for the introduction of SGUT and GRIT also differ. SGUT focused on increasing capacity to reduce graduate unemployment during an economic crisis, while our current GRIT programme focuses on the provision of a limited number of quality traineeship opportunities to provide reassurance to graduates. Hence, the outcomes of GRIT may not mirror that of SGUT. There have been several questions raised over how GRIT can support graduates to gain sustained full-time employment eventually. We have designed the scheme with a few key considerations to achieve this. First, we will ensure that the traineeships are of high quality, so that they improve the employability of graduates in the longer term. Mr Edward Chia, Ms Gho Sze Kee and Mr Liang Eng Hwa asked about the selection of companies currently on-board for GRIT. Workforce Singapore (WSG) has worked with sector agencies to identify leading companies as host organisations for the programme. These companies come from key growth sectors such as financial services, and information and communications, which offer a large number of good jobs. They have a good track record of hiring and training locals and are committed to offer a good mix of traineeship roles for graduates from all of our educational institutions. To Mr Chia's, Ms Gho's, Ms Jessica Tan's, Ms Nadia Ahmad Samdin's and Dr Hamid Razak's questions about how the Ministry will monitor the quality of the traineeship experience, host companies will need to submit a traineeship development plan with learning outcomes that WSG will regularly review. WSG will also conduct check-ins with trainees to monitor and ensure the quality of the traineeship experience. These structured traineeships with leading companies will position trainees in good stead for jobs and for roles within or beyond the host organisations. Ms Chong, Mr Patrick Tay and Ms Lee Hui Ying asked how we would support the conversion of trainees to full-time positions. To strengthen the pathway to full-time employment, WSG will strongly encourage host organisations to offer full-time employment where possible. To support host organisations to do so even before the traineeships end, we will continue to provide allowance subsidies for host organisations that convert trainees who have completed at least three months of the traineeship. In addition, as part of the check-in with the trainees before the end of the traineeship, WSG will also proactively share employment resources, including career matching services to support trainees' transition to full-time employment. Second, we have designed the scheme to provide support without crowding out full-time job positions that companies might otherwise offer to fresh graduates. To Mr Gerald Giam's and Ms Poh Li San's question on the initial number of places, we have started GRIT with an initial capacity of 800 places – 500 private sector and 300 public sector.[+2 sentences] Last week, when I released the Labour Market Report for the quarter ending June 2025, I have also shared that there are 30,000 entry level job positions available today for our fresh graduates to apply, so, I hope you can understand why we have very tightly ensured that this programme does not end up cannibalising full-time positions. This helps to safeguard both the quality of traineeships and at the same time, manage the risk of crowding out full-time positions. To Mr Louis Chua's question on how we determined the traineeship allowance, we capped the maximum at $2,400, which is approximately half of the median starting salary of fresh graduates from autonomous universities.[+8 sentences] This is similar to the quantum for SGUT and is calibrated to ensure that trainees continue to prioritise full-time roles. We also capped the duration of traineeships at six months to encourage employers to seriously consider the trainees for a higher paying full-time job at the end of the traineeship. This relates to Mr Chua's other question on why trainees will not be considered employees of the host organisation. GRIT is meant to offer traineeships that build skills and early work experience through on-the-job training. It is not meant to be an employment subsidy, typically used to support groups that face more serious and chronic barriers to employment, such as, persons with disabilities. If companies see the value of trainees and wish to engage them on a longer-term basis, they should offer full-time positions. Third, GRIT is designed to mitigate the risk of displacing existing employees, including mid-career workers. We have carefully selected host organisations that actively participate in workforce development efforts, including the Ministry of Manpower (MOM) or WSG programmes that support mid-career workers. To Mr Ng Shi Xuan's question, WSG will also conduct checks on host companies' recent retrenchment activities to ensure that the traineeship roles are not similar to that of impacted workers.[+1 sentence] This also speaks to Mr Kenneth Tiong's question on the risk of employers using traineeship grants to displace employees. Moreover, the traineeship allowance is calibrated to be lower than what host organisations can receive for mature individuals who are undergoing attachments under the Mid-Career Pathways Programme. The Government stands ready to roll out further support if necessary. We are prepared to increase traineeship places and extend the programme if economic conditions worsen, or if there is demand for more traineeship places due to good outcomes for both graduates and employers.[+4 sentences] In the meantime, we encourage all our fresh graduates to tap on the extensive career guidance and job matching support that has been made available through the Institutes of Higher Learning (IHLs), WSG and NTUC's e2i. To Dr Charlene Chen's query, to complement the education and career guidance provided by the Ministry of Education and IHLs, WSG and its partners offers a variety of career services and resources to students seeking to enter the workforce. These advisory services include, not just career advisory, but also coaching services provided by both WSG and e2i, and they can be complemented with industry insights offered by WSG's Volunteer Career Advisors. Individuals can also look for job opportunities on WSG's MyCareersFuture portal, utilising its CareersFinder feature to explore potential careers and upskilling options.
Mr Speaker4 words
[+1 sentence]Mr Xie Yao Quan.
Mr Xie Yao Quan (Jurong Central)60 words
[+3 sentences]Thank you, Sir. I would just like to ask the Minister if, beyond cyclical factors, the Ministry also assesses that there are structural factors driving the graduate employment situation, including, for example, the displacement of entry level jobs by artificial intelligence (AI)? And would the Ministry consider traineeships as a solution to some of these structural factors driving graduate employment?
Dr Tan See Leng290 words
[+10 sentences]Mr Speaker, I thank the Member for his supplementary question. I agree with the Member. Generative AI is indeed reshaping entry level jobs and increasingly advanced models automate quite a lot of the more routine and mundane tasks. But I think that contemporaneously, this shift is also creating new opportunities in AI-related fields, and it elevates the importance of soft skills, for instance, like critical thinking, creativity. What we hope to do is to ensure that our young graduates continue to be ready, flexible, nimble enough to be able to adapt to leverage on AI positively, particularly given the world that we are in today – rapid disruptions, rapid pace of transformation. So, to prepare our young graduates for career success in an AI era beyond the traineeships, the Government has put in place a mix of upskilling programmes, work-based learning, as well as career guidance initiatives, and under the National AI Strategy 2.0, for example, we are scaling up programmes like AI apprenticeship programmes, so that we can continue to boost our pipeline of young AI practitioners. Beyond the inclusion of AI-related modules within the curriculum at our IHLs to build up our students' digital fluencies, literacies, we have been evolving our education system. We work closely with Minister Lee's Ministry, so that we can continue to place an even greater focus on the soft skills that would continue to be important for career success in an AI era. In addition, we have also stepped up support for career planning while they are in flight through the universities, through the IHLs. And WSG's career guidance efforts is integrated with them, so that we can support them to journey better and help them to work towards achieving their career goals.
Mr Speaker3 words
[+1 sentence]Mr Edward Chia.
Mr Edward Chia Bing Hui (Holland-Bukit Timah)135 words
[+6 sentences]Thank you, Speaker. I understand that most of our students studying in our IHLs already go through internship programmes and the effort is intended to equip our students or young jobseekers with relevant work experience, and some of these internships are also supported by existing Government programmes, such as the Global Ready Talent Programme. In this context, may I ask the Minister first, how does the GRIT programme differ from existing internships, in terms of expectations, oversight, mentorship, learning objectives? And the Minister also mentioned about soft skills; so, would there be efforts to also harmonise this with the Global Ready Talent Programme? Secondly, the Minister mentioned that there will be regular check-ins with trainees. May I ask how frequent will these check-ins be and how will these enhance the overall trainee experiences and outcomes?
Dr Tan See Leng234 words
[+3 sentences]I thank Mr Chia for his supplementary questions. I want to keep it short, because I understand that quite a number of Members who have filed PQs would also want to raise other supplementary questions. Suffice to say, when we create programmes like this, we try to be very precise, very differentiated towards a particular need, as the other programmes run contemporaneously. GRIT is intended to be a temporary scheme.[+4 sentences] This is meant to support fresh graduates amidst the current economic uncertainty and of course, we will monitor the take-up closely. We will work with our programme partners to map out and to see whether there is a need to scale up capacity and provide lateral links into all of these other programmes, including the Global Ready Talent Programme that the Member alluded to. Before the end of the 12-month period, we will also review the outcomes and we will then consider the need to extend the programme, depending on how the labour market situation evolves at that particular point in time. Perhaps on a slightly more uplifting note, we did end the first half of this year with a growth in gross domestic product (GDP). Our GDP grew year on year by 4.3%.[+1 sentence] So, this is really a very pre-emptive approach to try to resolve and help our fresh graduates to gain that confidence, to gain that exposure and to build their networks.
Speaker not recorded115 words
[+1 sentence]The rest of the scheme would continue to run in tandem. There is also a whole slew of measures that I had announced at the MOM Committee of Supply (COS) Budget this year on the Enterprise Workforce Transformation Package. And the National Trades Union Congress (NTUC), working with the different agencies, has put up a $200 million package to develop Company Training Committees with all of the different companies.[+1 sentence] So, I think these measures come collectively, and I think that today, just to keep the scope of where we are on GRIT, it is meant to be a very tightly curated scheme, focusing on that delta of fresh graduates looking for opportunities for industrial attachments.
Mr Speaker27 words
[+1 sentence]I do hope to clear all the PQs for this, so Mr Patrick Tay, a short and concise one, and the same applies to the Minister later.
Mr Patrick Tay Teck Guan (Pioneer)132 words
[+6 sentences]Two supplementary questions for the Minister. Firstly, on abuse by employers; secondly, on morale of GRIT trainees. On the first supplementary question on abuse by employers, there may be employers who are keen and able to hire graduates on permanent employment but then use GRIT as sort of like a backdoor approach. How can MOM address this possible abuse? Secondly, on the GRIT trainees, I know the scheme only starts on 1 October, but GRIT trainees, many of them may be on the GRIT scheme, but working alongside some of their classmates or schoolmates from last year, previous years, working alongside them and doing the same job, but their classmates are drawing sometimes maybe twice the pay because they are on permanent employment. How do we manage the morale of such trainees?
Dr Tan See Leng266 words
[+10 sentences]Mr Speaker, I will try to keep it short. WSG has implemented safeguards under the GRIT programme to protect trainees from potential abuses from host organisations, so, there is a traineeship agreement which has to be signed by both trainees and the host companies. This details what is the approved traineeship allowance, what are the working hours, the leave entitlements, including medical and annual leave, which is offered by the host organisations, and this is submitted to the programme partner for oversight. The appointed programme partner will then conduct check-ins with trainees to ensure that they are settling in well and that they have good traineeship experience. Trainees will also have access to a dedicated hotline and email to support and to report any issues, and the appointed programme partner will intervene where necessary to address concerns. We work very closely with the Singapore Business Federation on this. We also started the scheme with a lower number of places so that we avoid crowding out all these potential full-time positions. We want to maintain the quality of the traineeship. The purpose for GRIT trainees is not to do the same work, but it is to give them the opportunity to pick up the industry experiences, the practical skillsets, hopefully the soft skills as well as – I was sharing, earlier on, to Member Mr Xie Yao Quan's PQ – so that eventually they can quickly get full-time employment after the traineeship duration of up to six months is completed. And we urge all companies to consider these trainees, to offer them permanent employment after their traineeship.
Mr Speaker4 words
[+1 sentence]Mr Liang Eng Hwa.
Mr Liang Eng Hwa (Bukit Panjang)57 words
[+3 sentences]Thank you, Sir. Sir, we have been hearing about companies hiring less entry level jobs. So, can I ask the Minister if companies in Singapore are indeed also hiring fewer entry level jobs; and if indeed this is a long-term trend, in addition to GRIT, what other policy measures may be necessary to support fresh graduate employment?
Dr Tan See Leng308 words
[+4 sentences]There are some companies who are limiting the hiring of entry level jobs, but there are also many companies that have ramped up the hiring of entry level jobs. The entire scope of our economy is quite wide. We are quite well differentiated. In many of the growth sectors that I had earlier on talked about, and that is how we approach them to help, these are the companies that are still actively hiring. For the purpose of GRIT, we have worked with close to 50 companies in the growth sector and they have committed to offering places under the GRIT programme. They span quite a diverse range of sectors, including financial services, manufacturing, the information and communications technology (ICT) and media sector, wholesale trade and professional services. I can share with Members a list of some of these companies, which includes prominent industry leaders – OCBC, DBS, Singapore Technologies, the semi-conductor companies, Micron, Sembcorp, Grab, Sea, Standard Chartered Bank – they have all stepped forward to offer meaningful traineeship opportunities.[+5 sentences] Many of these roles would include – I mean, the list is very long. What I have done is to also request my MOM colleagues to publish the list of job vacancies in all of the different sectors for our fresh graduates and our graduates to apply for, and this will be made available on a recurring basis. Some of these traineeship roles that I alluded to include data analysts, robotic process automation (RPA) specialist, research and development, policy and strategy, as well as functions in marketing in human resources and in business development. And of course, Members know we are all rapidly ageing, and from where I used to come from, healthcare, they are always hiring. I hope that gives Members that breadth and that spread of the type of entry level jobs that are available.
Mr Speaker4 words
[+1 sentence]Ms Gho Sze Kee.
Ms Gho Sze Kee (Mountbatten)60 words
[+2 sentences]Thank you, Speaker. One supplementary question for the Minister. With regards to the GRIT@Gov Programme, would the Government commit to offering employment to trainees at the end of their traineeship, or at least set a clear expectation that the Government agencies should seek to hire these trainees into permanent roles rather than treating the programme as a stop gap measure?
Dr Tan See Leng104 words
[+1 sentence]I thank Ms Gho for that very incisive exhortation. Certainly, from the Government's perspective, the 300 places offered by the Government agencies, we hope that the moment they come on board, that industrial attachment, would indeed inspire and encourage many of these young trainees to sign up and join the Government.[+2 sentences] I would also like to remind the hon Member that there are a separate 2,400 jobs at Careers@Gov, and I certainly hope that more than 300 would apply to the 2,400 vacancies we have at Careers@Gov and we will do our best to facilitate their onboarding. I hope that gives you that reassurance.
Mr Speaker3 words
[+1 sentence]Ms Jessica Tan.
Ms Jessica Tan Soon Neo (East Coast)137 words
[+5 sentences]Thank you, Speaker. I just have two supplementary questions for the Minister. One on the point on after the GRIT programme, are there any specific measures to map some of these vacancies to these trainees who have completed the programme? Because the host organisations would have provided GRIT exposure, experience and training, which some of our small and medium enterprises (SMEs) may not be able to provide, and these graduates would then be more ready for the roles. The second question is that if the entry level jobs are really going away, and in some cases they are, will this traineeship programme – after the completion, even if it is a 12-month programme, but your traineeships are three and six months – will it lead to a cycle of the trainees going for another cycle of traineeship?
Dr Tan See Leng263 words
[+5 sentences]I thank Ms Tan for her questions. Earlier on I did share quite a fair bit of insight on how we will build on the SGUT. So, very similar to the SGUT, we will track how many trainees would have found employment after the GRIT programme and whether it was with their host organisation as at the outset. The appointed programme partner, while the trainees are in flight, will review, will conduct regular check-ins with the trainees to ensure that they are settling in well, and that the experience is generally beneficial, and it is good. Host companies who are part of this programme will also be required to submit a traineeship development plan, with learning outcomes so that WSG can regularly review. Lastly, as I said, to strengthen the pathway to full-time employment, WSG will strongly encourage host organisations to offer full-time employment where possible. And to support host organisations to do so, to get them to convert these GRIT trainees earlier even before the traineeships end, we will continue to provide allowance subsidies for host organisations to convert the trainees who have completed at least three months.[+3 sentences] So, the entire period of traineeship is up to six months, but after three months if they convert, we will still continue to provide the subsidy. Before the end of the traineeship, WSG will proactively work with them to share employment services, including career matching services to support the trainees' transition into full-time employment. So, there is a whole slew of measures that we put in place to facilitate their onboarding to full-time employment.
Mr Speaker3 words
[+1 sentence]Mr Gerald Giam.
Mr Gerald Giam Yean Song (Alijunied)105 words
[+5 sentences]Thank you, Mr Speaker. Sir, I would imagine the demand for the GRIT scheme would far exceed the 800 places available. Will academic performance or prior job experience influence candidate selection for GRIT? If so, how will MOM ensure that the scheme does not disproportionately favour high-achieving candidates who are likely to secure jobs on their own, while leaving those with weaker academic results or limited practical experience still struggling to find employment? My concern is less about the cannibalisation of entry level positions that the Minister mentioned earlier, but more about ensuring that jobseekers with weaker credentials are not inadvertently excluded from this scheme.
Dr Tan See Leng439 words
[+2 sentences]I thank Mr Giam for that supplementary questions. I want to bring the Member back to the chart that I distributed earlier. The delta of fresh graduates looking for jobs, that increase in numbers, is about 1,700. So, this initial number, and let me highlight and underscore, is an initial number of 800 traineeship positions, is actually approximately half of the increase in the number of job-seeking graduates in the 2025 cohort, compared to the 2024 cohort at the same point in June last year.[+2 sentences] And over time, you have seen that over that one year in my combined PQ reply earlier on, for those graduates in 2024, that from over 40%, I think it was 48%, has gone up to 88% in June this year. So, we expect that with time this delta will continue to drop because it was only in June that we got the numbers, so we expect that the numbers going into full-time employment would continue to increase. Because of that, as a result of the number of unemployed graduates gradually falling, because more of them land jobs overtime, because, as I have said, there are also 30,000 full-time job vacancies for fresh graduates that that were available, our end objective is to channel as many graduates as possible into full-time jobs.[+5 sentences] To the Member's point about grades and how those with better grades take up the GRIT traineeship, my sense is that those who have better grades and soft skills, those who have actually gotten a lot more experience, and those who have actually done a lot more internships and industrial traineeships while they were undergoing studies, they would have already been able to secure many of these jobs. What we are trying to do is to make sure that we want to level up the playing field for those people who may not have had the opportunity, because they were taken up by other responsibilities while they were still undergoing the training within the IHLs. And as I have said, if the Member over time feels that there are other opportunities, there are other ways, we are happy to listen to suggestions and solutions from yourself. And depending on GDP growth, depending on how the economy continues to progress and move along, we will not hesitate to ramp up the traineeships, ramp up all of the support resources available, because at the end, if you look at the entire history of what we have been doing over the last many years, it is really focusing on developing a very strong Singapore Core and Singapore workforce. I hope that gives Member the reassurance.
Mr Speaker12 words
[+2 sentences]I will just allow for one final supplementary question. Dr Hamid Razak.
Dr Hamid Razak94 words
[+6 sentences]Thank you, Sir. There are two questions for Minister. The Minister did mention that the scheme is meant to be temporary. Are there any specific milestones or indicators that the Ministry has in mind before this scheme will cease or morph into a more permanent scheme? And number two, I understand that we have taken in host organisations that have credibility and are able to give the development value to the trainees. Will you also be considering our local startups and companies that may similarly be able to offer value to our local graduates?
Dr Tan See Leng16 words
[+1 sentence]Mr Speaker, Sir, I think, to respect the time, I think we have passed Question Time.
Mr Speaker10 words
[+1 sentence]You are absolutely right, so keep yours short as well.
Dr Tan See Leng269 words
[+3 sentences]To the second point, certainly we have kept it very tight as at the outset, but if the scheme is successful and we are able to extend it to more companies, we certainly will work with the startups and the SMEs as well. For the first point, we will monitor our GDP growth. We will also look at the unemployment statistics, particularly the long-term unemployment statistics. If you look at where we are today, the resident long-term unemployment rate is still very low, below 1%. And the spot unemployment is about just below 3%, about 2.8%, 2.9%. At below 1%, a long-term unemployment rate, that 2% to 2.1% is actually churn.[+7 sentences] In any healthy economy, you would expect that churn to happen. That means that these people typically either take a gap, couple of weeks or months, but within six months they get back to a new job. Today, like I said, I mean, there is that fear, that angst, that apprehension, but the reality on the ground is such that we are still in a relatively stable state. Of course, things can change in the next one, two quarters, and we are cognisant of that. But what we are trying to do is to provide the reassurance, because to the individual looking for a job, he is most affected and impacted. No amount of statistics that I share will be able to allay his concerns, his fears and his anxiety. So, we want to scope this thing carefully to make sure that we can help them and we can reach out to all of them with maximum benefit.
Mr Speaker90 words
[+6 sentences]Mr Yip, I am sorry I could not get to you. I know you filed a question. But you have the honour of kicking off the Debate, next. Order. End of Question Time. The Clerk will now proceed to read the Order of the Day. [Pursuant to Standing Order No 22(3), provided that Members had not asked for questions standing in their names to be postponed to a later Sitting day or withdrawn, written answers to questions not reached by the end of Question Time are reproduced in the Appendix.]
[+2 sentences]. (proc text)] [(proc text) 'We, the Parliament of the Republic of Singapore, express our thanks to the President for the Speech which he delivered on behalf of the Government at the Opening of the First Session of this Parliament.'." – (proc text)]
Mr Speaker4 words
[+1 sentence]Mr Yip Hon Weng.
Mr Yip Hon Weng (Yio Chu Kang)1903 words
[+26 sentences]Mr Speaker, Sir. I begin by declaring that I work in a global investment firm with investments in defence-related companies. In the opening chapter of the Chinese novel, "Romance of the Three Kingdoms", we find a line that carries through the ages: "天下大势，分久必合，合久必分". Great powers come together after a period of fracture; and divide after a period of unity. History bears out this pattern. Empires rise and fall. Regions fracture, only to converge again under new banners. The map of the world is never still. It is like the tide – advancing, retreating, flowing. For small, open nations like ours, the world today is not only uncertain. It is like a gathering storm at an inflection point, where old certainties collapse into turbulence. The assumptions that once held steady – open trade, safe sea lanes, shared global norms – can no longer be taken for granted. Supertankers and fleets of all sizes are shifting course, switching lanes and creating waves. For a small vessel like Singapore, the challenge is not to command the seas. It is to chart a careful passage through them. This inflection point is not only geopolitical; it is economic and technological. The British Empire was powered by coal. America’s rise was fuelled by oil. The next era will be built on electrification – from renewable grids to new storage systems. The demand for coal has levelled off. Oil may be nearing its peak. Electrification is still in its early stages, but will rise sharply in the years ahead. Demand will shift. And the nations that adapt will lead. As Ray Dalio warns, we are entering a period of “multi-dimensional conflict” – spanning economics, technology and geopolitics. He notes that the United States’ (US') relative position has declined, while China’s rise has been remarkable. If unmanaged, this could harden into greater confrontation.[+2 sentences] Singapore cannot sit back. We must prepare. And preparation begins with recognising this fundamental truth: Singapore’s security rests on two pillars – defence and diplomacy.[+20 sentences] One without the other leaves us vulnerable. Defence gives credibility to diplomacy. Diplomacy ensures defence is well-positioned. Together, they form the twin pillars of our survival. I thank President Tharman Shanmugaratnam for his clear articulation of the challenges ahead. His words remind us: this is not business as usual. I speak today not only as the Chair of the Defence and Foreign Affairs Government Parliamentary Committee (GPC), but also as the Member of Parliament (MP) of Yio Chu Kang. From one vantage point, I see the shifting sands of geopolitics. From another, I hear the everyday anxieties of Singaporean families – about jobs, about costs, about our children’s future. These are not separate conversations. They are one and the same story. Mr Speaker, Sir, Southeast Asia, once seen as an oasis of stability, is more fragile than we would like to admit. Border disputes simmer. Political transitions in our neighbours bring forth opportunity and uncertainty. Globally, wars in Europe and the Middle East shake supply chains and energy security. Great power rivalry between the US and China sharpens by the day. Even in advanced democracies, societies fracture not with bombs or tanks, but with inequality, disinformation and digital disruption. If foreign policy begins at home, then the lesson is clear: when nations grow divided inside, they stumble abroad. And when they stumble, the shockwaves ripple across the world. For Singapore, whose survival depends on stability abroad and cohesion at home, the stakes could not be higher. First, Mr Speaker, Sir, the Ministry of Defence's (MINDEF’s) commitment to deepen ties with partners is vital.[+14 sentences] Strengthening ties with existing allies is good, but we must avoid over-dependence. We must also cultivate diversified relationships, even with non-traditional partners in the Global South, for example, emerging economies that share an interest in regional stability. At the same time, we have to carefully manage risks from states who may not always share our worldview and whose ambition may not always align with a rules-based order. Meanwhile, warfare is changing. Cheap drones. Cyberattacks. AI-enabled systems. These are not weapons of tomorrow. These are weapons of today. The Singapore Armed Forces (SAF) must not just keep pace. It must set the pace. But it is not enough to buy the most advanced systems. What matters is whether we can sustain and replenish them. A handful of elite systems may not decide the outcome. What will matter is scale and speed – tens, hundreds, even thousands of resilient systems that can be replaced and deployed quickly.[+12 sentences] This is where our defence industry plays a role. ST Engineering has shown what is possible with reliability and innovation. We must build on that and encourage more to innovate for the next generation. National Service is evolving. We are redesigning vocations, harnessing civilian expertise. That is good. But we must also retain high-value technical talent, rather than lose them once trained. Total Defence volunteerism is expanding, but participation alone is not enough. We must measure outcomes in terms of readiness and trust, not just headcount. Let us be ambitious. Our defence industry can provide high-value jobs, strengthen technological sovereignty and be a source of national pride. But ambition must remain sustainable. At around 3% of gross domestic product (GDP), our defence budget is prudent.[+15 sentences] The challenge is to sustain strength, while keeping it affordable. Second, Mr Speaker, Sir, our foreign policy must adapt just as quickly. We do not choose sides. We choose principles. We stay open. We stay credible. We stay constructive. Principles are like a compass to set our long-term direction. Deepening ties with both the US and China demands careful, calibrated messaging. Openness to one must never be misread as turning away from the other. Ultimately, all foreign policy is domestic policy. When big nations clash, Singaporeans feel it – in the price of groceries, the security of jobs, the reliability of essential services. Our external relationships are directly tied to stability at home. The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) remains our cornerstone. But consensus paralysis is real. Beyond trade and digital frameworks, we must explore institutional innovations that enable action – maybe not qualified majority voting in select domains – so that ASEAN is not paralysed by gridlock.[+2 sentences] As the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MFA) expands its missions in Africa and Latin America, the intent is right. But we must ensure that resources are not overstretched. Missions should deliver trade, partnerships and strategic footholds, not just symbolic presence.[+19 sentences] Most importantly, diplomacy is about people. Personal relationships. Cultural understanding. The ability to pick up the phone, call a counterpart and have trust built over years. That is invaluable. In our own region, many of the old leaders have passed on. We must invest in the new generation of connections. We must have people who can sit at tables, share meals and build trust beyond formalities. Foreign policy is a long game. It requires credibility backed by defence, curiosity about the world and resilience at home. Mr Speaker, Sir, security is not only about the nation. It is also about the resilience of our communities in Singapore. In my constituency Yio Chu Kang, I see how strong communities make strong nations. Dementia-friendly walkways. Food rescue programmes. These may seem small compared to geopolitics, but they are not. They build trust. They build solidarity. And solidarity is the true bedrock of resilience. Here, I must commend the Ministry of Health (MOH) on Healthier SG and Age Well SG.[+5 sentences] As Vice-Chair of the Health GPC, I have seen first-hand how these initiatives are not just policies on paper, but create real impact on the ground. Preventive health, functional screenings, community fitness programmes and mental health outreach are transforming the way Singaporeans think about health. They bring care into the neighbourhood, where people live, know each other and can support one another. This is where resilience takes root – in the neighbour who checks in, in the resident who volunteers. Yet, we must also address challenges to jobs and social mobility. Rising costs, low birth rates and an ageing population test our resilience.[+22 sentences] Still, most Singaporeans believe hard work can improve their circumstances. That optimism is not just individual hope. It is our collective strength. In conclusion, Mr Speaker, Sir, we have reflected on shifting tides of geopolitics and unpredictable challenges. We have looked at warfare today, from drones and cyberattacks to AI-enabled systems and the need for an SAF that is ready and resilient. We have considered foreign policy that is principled and practical, open but credible, designed to deliver for our people. We have seen how resilient communities, rooted in solidarity, form the foundation of national strength. Through it all, defence, diplomacy and community must be sustainable, guided by careful planning and prudent stewardship. Singapore is like a small vessel sailing in waters where giants move. Supertankers shift course, sometimes collide. If we drift without care, we risk being capsized. There are strategic dangers if great powers disengage and economic dangers if rivalries fracture supply chains. Survival is never passive. To endure, we must see risks early, seize opportunities fast and equip our ship with radar, engines, reserves and most importantly, a disciplined and united crew. Foreign policy is also personal. Recently, a Yio Chu Kang family came to see me at my meet-the-people session (MPS). A member had faced a serious road incident abroad. Delays in medical care, challenges with local authorities. MFA and our High Commission stepped in. Guidance, support and access were provided. The family returned safely. I met them recently during my community walkabouts. They shared with me that they were very thankful for the consular support. This is what foreign policy really means: the safety of citizens, the security of families, the assurance that Singapore will stand by her people, because foreign policy is not only grand strategy.[+11 sentences] It is the price of groceries, the security of jobs, the reliability of services. The assurance that when you are in trouble abroad, your country will not leave you behind. So, when history looks back, in 2035, 2050 or 2065 when we celebrate SG100, let it record that we did not shrink from the challenge. We rose above it. We secured our sovereignty, held fast to our unity, and built resilience across generations. This is our moment to ride out the storm. We must move with confidence, clarity and courage – together. Mr Speaker, Sir, let us rise, not as individuals, not as separate communities, but as one Singapore. Let us SURPASS – Secure, United, Resilient – and ensure Singapore's safe passage through turbulent waters, today and for generations to come, and let us do so with a "we first" spirit, put our people, our families, our nation at the hearts of every step. When we act with purpose, stand together and refuse to be passive, there is nothing we cannot achieve. And let us remember even a small state like ours has agency, if we are careful and united. Our credibility rests on three things: our economic success, our ability to deter threats, and our consistent, confident diplomacy.[+4 sentences] In a world of shifting tides, Singapore must always strive to be useful but never made use of. Finally, let me acknowledge the men and women who make our defence and diplomacy possible – our soldiers, National Servicemen (NSmen), diplomats and public officers who carry the weight of safeguarding Singapore every day. We honour their service. I support the Motion.
Mr Speaker4 words
[+1 sentence]Mr Ang Wei Neng.
Mr Ang Wei Neng (West Coast-Jurong West)1261 words
[+5 sentences]Mr Speaker, Sir, I rise in support of the Motion to thank President Tharman for his Address at the Opening of the First Session of this 15th Parliament. President Tharman's call for unity, inclusivity and resilience deeply resonates with me, because these are not abstract ideals but real challenges we see on the ground. His Address is a timely reminder that while policies set the direction, it is a collective effort of Government, businesses, unions and our communities that will determine whether every Singaporean feels supported and included in this journey. I am committed to do my part in Parliament and in my Nanyang division to help translate this vision into reality for our people. Mr Speaker, Sir, I have stood in this House on at least six occasions since 2021, to sound the alarm and plead for stronger action against the notorious rise of vaping. At that time, the burden of enforcement fell almost entirely on the shoulders of the Health Sciences Authority (HSA), an agency I believed was not sufficiently resourced to combat this growing crisis. My belief was strengthened when I saw the dangerous infiltration of illicit products like Kpods into our schools and communities, and the possible involvement of criminal syndicates in trafficking vapes and Kpods. So, it was with a profound sense of relief that I, along with many concerned Singaporeans, listened to President saying that "we must guard dangers at home, including vape".[+22 sentences] Similarly, Prime Minister Mr Lawrence Wong had earlier voiced his concerns about vaping, especially those laced with harmful substances, during the National Day Rally. He affirmed the urgent need for stronger enforcement and harsher penalties. And true to his word, swift and decisive action followed, powerfully backed by our dedicated Home Team officers, working closely with MOH and HSA officers. What we are seeing now is the strength of a whole-of-Government response. A united front involving MOH, Ministry of Education (MOE), Ministry of Manpower (MOM), Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) and MINDEF, is working to detect smuggling, and to protect our young people in schools, Institutes of Higher Learning (IHLs) and army camps. While I deeply wish this decisive move had come sooner to curb vaping's nasty spread, I am, nonetheless, grateful, for in matters of public health and safety, it is always better late than never. This very success, which demonstrates what we can achieve when agencies work in concert, brings me to my next point, the critical importance of seamless coordination within our Government to truly serve our people. We have come a long way since the famous "fish ball stick issue" was first raised in by then-backbencher Ms Low Yen Ling and mentioned by then-Prime Minister Mr Lee Hsien Loong during his National Day Rally in 2014. Today, Ms Low Yen Ling is a Senior Minister of State, and inter-agency coordination has undoubtedly improved. Yet, some stubborn challenges remain. Let me share an example of the challenges we face in the fight against pest birds, whether they are pigeons, mynas, or crows. Recently, Nanyang has seen more of such birds, and I believe many other parts of Singapore face the same issue. When I noticed people feeding birds, which technically counts as littering, I referred the matter to the National Environment Authority (NEA). But NEA explained that they only handle high-rise littering, such as when food is thrown from windows to feed the birds. On the issue of bird control, they told me it is not under their purview and referred me to the National Parks Board (NParks). When I approached NParks, I was told that they mainly manage pigeons. For crows, they would request the Town Council to remove nests from trees. As for birds scavenging for food waste, responsibility depends on location. When the birds eat on the food waste in hawker centres, NEA steps in. If it happens at coffee shops, the Housing and Development Board (HDB) takes charge. If it happens at food courts in industrial estates, then JTC Corp is responsible – and the list goes on. So, here is my question. If NParks is the main agency responsible for pest bird management, and this is clearly an island wide issue, would it not make sense for NParks to set up a taskforce with NEA, Town Councils, HDB, JTC and other relevant partners, so that efforts can be coordinated instead of fragmented?[+13 sentences] Surely, we should not need to escalate this, the fight against bird nuisance to our Defence Minister, who is also the Coordinating Minister for Public Services, to lead the war against bird nuisance. Someone suggested we could consult ChatGPT. But, of course, ChatGPT or generative AI cannot chase away the birds for us. But it remains an important tool to help us tackle everyday challenges. During my recent trip to China, I once again saw first-hand how technology is transforming daily life, from sophisticated self-driving functions in mass-market electric cars to simple voice commands that can open curtains or switch off lights in a modest three-star hotel, technology has touched everyone's lives. What I witnessed shows us the true potential of AI. It can amplify human creativity, solve problems once thought impossible, and unlock entirely new levels of productivity. More than that, AI adoption creates new kinds of jobs, just like the rise of social media created opportunities for content creators and influencers. Yet, we must also acknowledge the very real concern that AI may displace jobs. As tasks become streamlined, some roles will inevitably be lost and this is where our greatest challenge and our deepest responsibility lie. We must embrace technology but also ensure no one is left behind. We must not see displaced workers as collateral damage. They are our partners in this transition. Beyond the measures already introduced by the Government and our unions, I believe we can and must do more to support workers who may be displaced by generative AI adoption.[+4 sentences] Firstly, we need to strengthen lifelong learning not just as a policy, but as a culture. Workers must feel empowered, not fearful, when faced with new technology. Instead of asking, "Will AI take my job?", we should encourage them to ask, "How can I use AI to do my job better?" Secondly, let us look into community-based learning hubs. Just as we have libraries and community centres in every town, why not also create AI learning spaces, where residents, regardless of age or background, can get hands-on exposure to digital tools, guided by trainers and volunteers?[+1 sentence] This makes reskilling accessible at the heart of every neighbourhood. Thirdly, we must build stronger partnerships with industry. Companies that adopt AI should not just think about profits and productivity. They should also take responsibility to retrain their workers, so that technology uplifts people rather than leaves them behind.[+2 sentences] Finally, we should encourage and celebrate second careers. A displaced worker does not mean a discarded worker. With the right training, a driver today could become a remote controller of autonomous vehicles tomorrow; a cashier could become a digital customer service specialist; a technician could become an AI maintenance trainer.[+3 sentences] Each career transition is not an end, but a new beginning. Mr Speaker, Sir, whether it is the fight against vaping, the nuisance of pest birds, or the disruption of AI, one lesson is clear. No challenge can be solved alone. Our strength lies in people working together: the Government, the unions, the businesses and communities.[+1 sentence] With unity and courage, we can turn every challenge into opportunity, protect every worker and ensure every Singaporean has a place in the future.
Mr Speaker3 words
[+1 sentence]Mr Louis Chua.
Mr Chua Kheng Wee Louis (Sengkang)2397 words
[+1 sentence]Mr Speaker, as we mark SG60 this year, it is clear that Singapore has attained significant achievements by most standards – from third world to first, from mud flats to metropolis, as the Singapore story goes. Today, Singapore stands as the world's fourth richest country by GDP per capita, around US$93,000, according to the International Monetary Fund's (IMF's) 2025 projections and ranks 26th globally by a total of GDP, notwithstanding our modest size, making us ASEAN's second largest economy, surpassing in Thailand which has a population exceeding 71 million.[+7 sentences] We often label ourselves as a small country with limited resources, no hinterland of our own, but, perhaps, in this century, physical size and natural resources have become secondary. Singapore's population exceeds most of the top 10 GDP per capita countries and many of which do not enjoy abundant natural resources. Africa's struggles with the resource curse reminds us that natural endowments are no guarantee of prosperity. I am sure everyone knows of Nvidia, now the world's most valuable company at more than US$4 trillion or roughly $5.5 trillion, yet it employs merely 36,000 workers. Consider instead, one of the largest palm oil plantation companies listed on the Singapore Stock Exchange, which employs over 100,000 workers and yet creates far less value with a market capital of about $4 billion. Which model do we aspire towards? Human capital and financial resources now loom larger than natural endowments or physical space. According to a recent article from The Financial Times, they believe GIC could well be the world's largest sovereign wealth fund, with assets worth somewhere between US$1 trillion and $2 trillion, a testament to Singapore's success in capital accumulation at the national level.[+1 sentence] Yet the troubling paradox remains. According to ADP, 60% of Singaporeans are living paycheck to paycheck as of 2024, a figure that surpasses regional neighbours, like China, Korea, Japan, Indonesia.[+18 sentences] And why is the cost of living the top voter concern, according to the Institute of Policy Studies' (IPS') post-election survey, when we are supposedly one of the richest countries in the world? In our day-to-day interactions, we witness residents anxious about their financial security and seeking help through MPS. Moreover, are Singaporeans truly happy and satisfied? Though ranked the world's third happiest city by the Institute for the Quality of Life in 2025, one cannot help but feel a healthy dose of scepticism as to whether this reflects the lived reality of most Singaporeans. Numerous surveys in recent years point to widespread workplace burnout. One in four primary school students experience bullying. And we see all these manifestations of anxieties and stress around us, from growing neighbour disputes and noise complaints, to road rage and superiors lashing out against junior employees. What gives? Singapore's economy is at a crossroads. Economic growth, growing the pie has always been the Government's fundamental goal and the Deputy Prime Minister Gan Kim Yong recently affirmed that we should grow as much as we can, aiming for rates faster than the eventual 2% to 3% long-term target. This is not wrong in principle. But we must now ask, is it more important to grow the pie or to grow most Singaporeans' share of the pie? President Tharman reminds us, "The old playbook is no longer sufficient." Yet, in the short term, much remains largely unchanged. On the capital front, the focus remains on attracting foreign direct investments (FDIs) to anchor multinational companies (MNCs) here. Singapore is still keen to continue incentivising MNCs, in spite of Base Erosion and Profit Shifting (BEPS) 2.0 and the global minimum tax. And with regulatory certainty and the rule of law in place in Singapore, as opposed to what we are seeing in other countries, including the US right now, I am sure there will be companies keen to locate themselves here. On the labour front, again in this fractured world, there will be many who will want to call Singapore home. Non-resident employment growth continues to stay at elevated levels of 152,000 across 2023 and 2024, according to MOM statistics, reflecting both the demand and supply of non-resident labour.[+4 sentences] However, there are limits to growth by boosting capital and labour. The world's largest economy, the US, increasingly ties trade agreements to domestic investment for tariff reductions. How will global supply chains shift and will Singapore's economic relevance continue to endure in this new world order? Meanwhile, Singapore's population has touched six million, raising questions: how much further can we drive economic growth through workforce expansion in one of most densely populated cities in the world? While the Government had anticipated for our population to remain well below the 6.9 million mentioned in the 2013 population White Paper, a 2% annual increase, which is the same rate as that of last year, would see us reach roughly 6.8 million by 2030; and at 1%, we would still hit 6.4 million.[+6 sentences] So, Mr Speaker, I fully agree with our President that we need to urgently rethink our playbook. I acknowledge that we have been attempting to refresh our economic strategies and Singapore has never lacked taskforces or committees: the Economic Strategies Committee launched in 2009; the Committee on the Future Economy in 2016; which was followed by the Future Economy Council; Future Economy Advisory Panel; Industry Transformation Maps; then the Emerging Stronger Taskforce in 2020; and most recently, the Economic Strategy Review and Singapore Economic Resilience Taskforce this year. Many even have multiple sub-committees. However, if you take stock of where we are today, our economy remains very much driven by attracting global MNCs and capital. This is a model that has prevailed since Albert Winsemius advised Singapore in the 1960s. Looking at the share of value-add to the indigenous workforce and citizen-owned companies, this has declined from roughly 70% in the late 1980s, to 50% to 60% in the decade prior to 2015. Unfortunately, the Ministry of Trade and Industry (MTI) shared, in response to my Parliamentary Question in 2022, that the Department of Statistics ceased indigenous GDP and gross national income (GNI) data compilation from 2011 and 2016, respectively, due to the perceived lack of public interest.[+22 sentences] But these numbers are crucial. The Yearbook of Statistics 2012 noted eloquently that Singapore's economic development depends heavily on foreign capital, foreign technology and foreign workers, with a large share of employee compensation and operating surplus accruing to foreigners and foreign enterprises. Per capital GNI, as conventionally defined on the residential basis, may not, therefore, reflect correctly the income accrued to Singaporeans. How then can we reverse this? How many homegrown Singapore firms have become global giants? AI is the buzzword of the day, prompting reflection. You do not need huge physical space or underground natural resources. Mira Murati's Thinking Machines Lab is valued at US$12 billion, with just around 50 employees. Why do we not have our own open AI equivalent, despite Singaporean students having one of the best math and science scores in the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA), for decades? When local entrepreneurs succeed, many still choose overseas listings and foreign bases to access supportive ecosystems. This despite our financial hub status and acclaimed business friendliness. Prime Minister Wong's Addendum to the President's Address highlights investing in productive capacity, ensuring stable tax, customs, regulatory environment and infrastructure investment. To me, these are necessary, but insufficient conditions. Because, as what President Tharman has said, "Above all, we must foster an outgoing and experimental spirit among our enterprises and people." In the near term, it is crucial to prevent a lost generation by securing jobs. Young graduates are justifiably anxious. AI-driven seniority-biased technological change may disproportionately impact juniors and entry-level positions. Grades is a good start, but full-time entry-level role creation must also be incentivised. For example, reintroducing the jobs growth incentive for fresh graduates. If GRaduate Industry Traineeships @ Gov (GRIT@Gov) mimic full-timer duties, then the Government should take the lead in levelling pay and benefits. Long term, re-invigorating our workforce demands that our education system fosters critical thinking and independent learning, not rote memorisation. As Alvin Toffler wrote back in 1970, the illiterate of the future are not those who cannot read or write, but those who cannot learn, unlearn and re-learn. More pressing still is raising our total fertility rate (TFR), which slipped below one in 2023 and stayed low in 2024.[+15 sentences] Looking at our population pyramid, one might be forgiven for thinking we do not have an ageing population, thanks largely to immigration. We recently debated the Families Motion and without repeating myself, our low TFR remains an existential threat to Singapore and our identity. President Tharman pledged, "in this term, we will do more to help parents better manage their work and family commitments and work with stakeholders, such as employers and community partners to build a culture that celebrates and values families". Minister Indranee has said earlier that our marriage and parenthood policies are not incremental. But, perhaps, the most urgent task force we need now is one to tackle the critical challenge of our record-low TFR. Do we show the same resolve in tackling population as we do economic challenges? Because without enough Singaporeans, there will be no Singapore economy to speak of. Ultimately, our greatest challenge, in my view, is how to refrain from rent-seeking or rent-maximisation behaviour as a society. To develop an entrepreneurial culture and let the thousand flowers bloom, we must encourage open-mindedness and diversity of ideas. More entrepreneurs mean more risk takers, but this also requires robust safety nets so Singaporeans can pursue entrepreneurial or vocational change without risking destitution. We see rent-seeking across our society. Individuals buying investment properties, prompting Additional Buyer's Stamp Duty measures; companies prioritising property over their core business; even Government that focuses on maximising rents and nothing less than market value for land, lest it be seen as raiding the Reserves. But such behaviour permeates every corner of the economy, raising costs. We must set the right tone at the top. Policy should not inevitably reward the highest bidder at the expense of wider societal outcomes. I am encouraged that there are initiatives for more price quality tenders downstream; and as a matter of policy, whether it is for general practitioner (GP) clinics or hawker stalls, we need to move away from simply awarding sites based on the highest price alone. I agree with Minister Ong Ye Kung in his response to the $52,000 monthly rental bid for a GP clinic at an HDB estate, where he shared that this must translate to higher cost of healthcare one way or another; and that the higher rental bids do not necessarily translate to the best healthcare that the community needs.[+1 sentence] Upstream, however, we must go further. State land forms part of our Reserves, but excessive land prices push up development costs and rents, impacting tenants and consumers. As a local C-suite member of one of Asia's largest real estate groups recently shared, in Singapore, land costs now form roughly 70% of total project development expenditure, up from just 4% in the 1980s when Raffles City was built. These costs inadvertently get passed down and perhaps, it is time to consider reviving the two envelope or concept and price land tenders, focusing on desired developmental outcomes beyond just the highest bids.[+11 sentences] Mr Speaker, allow me to say a few words in Mandarin. (In Mandarin): The 15th Parliament convenes at a critical juncture and we have a long road ahead. The nation faces severe challenges: geopolitics, the rivalry between the US and China, trade wars, and the revolutionary changes brought by AI will all test the collective wisdom and resilience of Singaporeans. The President spoke passionately, emphasising unity, trust, a “we first” society . I believe that the spirit of unity and “we first” Singapore does not mean everyone speaking with one voice, but rather, that we can address issues by exchanging different opinions with a rational and open attitude. The Workers' Party (WP) Members of Parliament (MPs) have always been a minority in Parliament. However, I believe that the presence of WP MPs can demonstrate the value of diverse voices and better embody the “we first” Singapore spirit mentioned by the President and Prime Minister. Especially in the coming five years, the variables in the international situation and the transformation of the global economy will become increasingly rapid. How to pool collective wisdom to respond to drastic changes is homework we must do. Therefore, I hope the Government can listen to different views from Singaporeans with an objective, rational and open attitude. From a policy-making perspective, some core issues are interconnected, for example, the various problems brought by AI and economic transformation. The Prime Minister mentioned that Singapore should embrace AI to improve productivity and create new employment opportunities. We agree that AI and new technologies can indeed help enterprises improve efficiency and drive innovation but, at the same time, we must also see that it will permanently change the employment environment. If we do not prepare in time, many Singaporeans will be left behind.[+1 sentence] To ensure that no one is left behind, we must strengthen employment stabilisation policies in the short term and encourage the public sector and private enterprises to increase employment opportunities. At the same time, WP also calls on the Government to strengthen the social safety net to respond to the impact brought by AI.[+7 sentences] Most crucially, in the age of AI, education should not just be for examinations but should prepare people for life. We need to align education with economic needs and help students develop important soft skills. These human qualities cannot be replaced by AI and are essential for future social and economic development. In summary, Mr Speaker, a “we first” society also requires us to uphold the principle that collective interests take precedence over individual interests. However, unity cannot be built on inequality. When the nation achieves success but many citizens still feel forgotten, trust becomes difficult to maintain. We need not just economic growth but also inclusive growth that ensures every Singaporean can share in the nation's future. The true measure of our success lies not in GDP rankings or the size of sovereign wealth funds but in whether young Singaporean couples can afford to start families, whether our elderly can retire with dignity and whether our children are willing to call this island home.
Mr Speaker3 words
[+1 sentence]Ms Joan Pereira.
Ms Joan Pereira (Tanjong Pagar)1897 words
[+15 sentences]Mr Speaker, I rise in support of the Motion of Thanks to the President for his Address and the measures in the Addenda announced by the various Ministries to take Singapore forward in an increasingly uncertain and turbulent world with a changing world order. I am heartened by how our people and the Government have been working hand in hand to overcome the numerous waves of challenges pounding our shores. They emanate from continents far from our island – economic upheavals, armed conflicts, technology changes – yet, they have significant impact on our everyday lives. On the one hand, I am confident of our ability to catch some of these waves to survive and thrive. On the other hand, let us never forget the need to protect the vulnerable amongst us and prevent these powerful waves from sweeping them under. I am cognisant of the immense responsibility that my residents and fellow Singaporeans have entrusted me with. I applaud the great progress that we have made so far together to address some of the issues faced by our vulnerable groups. But our work is far from done and that is why I continue to champion change that will benefit Singaporeans and my residents and keep our country going in this new reality. MPs play an important role to help the Government to continue to review the effectiveness of our policies on the ground. Where necessary, we must be willing to recalibrate and make improvements to narrow the gaps and plug any loophole. Let us never forget that spirit of sensible policy-making and pragmatic government administration that has been a hallmark of Singapore's success. Sometimes, the solutions can be deceptively simple and I would like to call upon us all, the people, private and public sectors, to be daring to raise practical and smart solutions, and our policy-makers to listen to good ideas from our people. This is how we stay united as a nation, by caring and looking out for one another. It is worth reminding ourselves that we are only as strong as our weakest link and the tides of change must not leave anyone behind. I am assured and heartened by the commitments made by the Ministry of Social and Family Development (MSF) in its Addendum to the President's address. I support the suite of enhanced and new measures to help our families cope during this challenging period. I support the enhanced employment support and opportunities for lifelong education for lower-income families and persons with disabilities (PwDs). Reviews and updates of ComCare assistance and payouts, and Family Services are timely. I welcome the introduction of a new Domestic Violence Act and the commencement of the Mental Capacity Act review, just to name a few.[+2 sentences] Our social and healthcare workers play an essential and critical role in ensuring that appropriate help and care is provided in a timely manner. This was best demonstrated during the COVID-19 pandemic, but now that we have moved on from that crisis, it does not mean that we forget their roles and contributions. In fact, I would like to urge the Government to consider dedicating more resources to our social care sector, in view of the needs arising from our rapidly ageing population, as our population pyramid starts to invert amid shrinking family sizes and changing social norms.[+16 sentences] Our social care workers are professionals and they must be treated as such. They need to be equipped with more support and resources in order to achieve better outcomes for their clients. Much research worldwide over the last two decades have resulted in new findings in this field and we can tap on these to provide constant professional upgrading so that they can be even more effective. In addition, we should elevate and accord better recognition of and compensation for their work. Due to the nature of their jobs, burnout and attrition rates are high. Their heart work is hard work. We have to do more to better retain our existing talent pool of social workers, while attracting new blood to boost our ability to care for our people. Foreign workers do help to fill many of the gaps, but let us not end up as a country that relies too heavily on others to take care of our very own. Singapore is rapidly ageing. Our silver tide is here. We must accelerate efforts to strengthen community-based eldercare, expanding Active Ageing Centres, daycare facilities and home-based support services. These not only enable our seniors to age-in-place, with dignity and autonomy, but also reduce pressure on families. Caregiving, often performed by middle-aged adults juggling work and family, must also be better supported. Caregivers want to be able to care for their families, but they also have their own dreams and aspirations. All too often, I have met residents who have had to sacrifice their careers to look after their loved ones. Indeed, they have chosen to do so out of love, and we need to celebrate that and provide them with better support. The toll that they experience goes beyond the physical and it is quite common that their mental well-being is also at risk. I urge the Government to consider enhanced caregiver leave, more accessible respite services and financial assistance tailored to caregiver households.[+8 sentences] Our seniors are not a burden; they are a blessing. Let us honour their contributions not just in words but through concrete policies that uphold their well-being as well as that of their loved ones. We have to double down on our efforts to support families holistically, so that they can remain strong and resilient in the face of change. For families under duress, our social care workers need to be empowered to coordinate with partners, such as mental and physical healthcare professionals, financial counsellors, schools, eldercare centres and so on. Sir, poverty in Singapore may be less visible, but we still have families struggling even for basic provisions, including food. Families living in rental flats, often headed by single parents or elderly caregivers, face daily struggles. For children in these households, we must do more to ensure their well-being and that they can access healthcare, nutritious food and be able to focus on their education. We must intervene early and effectively. Programmes like KidSTART are commendable and we need to go further in scaling them up, with holistic support for families – not just for children, but also for parents.[+8 sentences] Empower them with good parenting skills, stable employment, access to mentoring and even overcoming addictions, such as to vaping, alcohol and even drugs. Sir, we have watched with horror how divisive many countries overseas have become, splintering along racial and religious lines, and increasingly along the lines of immigration and social economic backgrounds. There are heightened tensions between established resident communities and new arrivals, and distrust between the rich and the poor, manifesting in rallies, riots and violence. Almost daily, we see alarming images of looting, burning vehicles and buildings, and people attacking each other on television and social media. Social harmony did not happen by chance. It is the result of careful stewardship, addressing root causes of problems as soon as they surface, building mutual respect and reaching the national consensus to agree to engage in difficult conversations, even over sensitive topics. Yet in today's digital age, we face new threats, from misinformation, polarisation and imported ideologies that can erode trust and amplify division. How can we build unity in diversity? Inter-faith platforms like the Inter-Racial and Religious Confidence Circles (IRCCs) must be re-energised for a new generation.[+2 sentences] Many of our youths that I met have good questions and think about such issues very seriously. Let us support engagements for deeper, ongoing conversations about faith, tradition and coexistence, especially among our youths. Civic education in schools should place greater emphasis on empathetic understanding of different faiths and worldviews.[+7 sentences] We must move beyond mere tolerance, to deepen our mutual understanding, appreciation and respect. Strong communities are not built by governments alone. They exist when neighbours look out for one another, when residents take ownership of shared spaces and when there is deep trust among people, in our institutions and in our leadership. We must also support faith and community leaders who work quietly to build bridges. Our bridge-builders must be seen, supported and safeguarded against threats. Our Community Development Councils (CDCs), Social Service Offices (SSOs) and grassroots organisations must continue to be strongly supported to work closely with ground-up groups and volunteers. Policies must enable not only professional help, but also "kampung"-style initiatives and mutual aid. One example where multiple stakeholders came together to try to solve a long-running problem is the Skyville@Dawson sky gardens.[+4 sentences] For years, residents have been putting up with the disamenities of noisy and inconsiderate visitors who litter, smoke, urinate and cause disturbances even in the wee hours. Volunteers, despite feeling burnout, continue with patrols, even as we continue to engage with HDB, the Town Council, Residents' Committees, NEA, the Police and other Government agencies. Unfortunately, the disamenities continued and we sought to present alternative solutions which have been proven effective in other sky gardens, such as the Pinnacle @ Duxton. When problems remain unsolved and proposals are not accepted, it is not surprising for my residents to feel disappointed. You may recall that in 2022, I moved an Adjournment Motion in this very House to explore solutions on how we can better manage our common spaces in housing estates.[+14 sentences] I will not hesitate to speak up for my residents if I feel that more can be done. Securing Singapore's future lies not in grand slogans, but as our President put it, in everyday deeds and action, like little acts of kindness; helping an elderly neighbour with groceries; guiding a child in need; and lending a hand in crisis. These are the encounters that strengthen our social compact and build a "we first" society. In closing, allow me to reiterate our first principles. To build a united and resilient Singapore, we have to be inclusive and caring, respectful of differences in diversity and united in core values. Every child who falls through the cracks, every elderly person who dies alone, every caregiver who burns out is a reminder of work yet to be done. Similarly, every neighbour who helps another, every volunteer who steps forward, every employer who provides a second chance, is a sign of the better Singapore that we are building together. Sir, in Mandarin. (In Mandarin): Mr Speaker, securing Singapore's future lies not in grand slogans, but as our President puts it, in everyday deeds and actions, like little acts of kindness: helping an elderly neighbour with groceries; guiding a child in need; and lending a hand in crisis. These are encounters that strengthen our social compact and build a "we first" society. In closing, allow me to reiterate our first principles. To build a united and resilient Singapore, we have to be inclusive and caring, respectful of differences in diversity and be united in core values. Every child who falls through the cracks, every elderly person who dies alone, every caregiver who burns out, is a reminder of work that is yet to be done. Similarly, every neighbour who helps another, every volunteer who steps forward, every employer who provides a second chance, is a sign of the better Singapore that we are building together.
Mr Speaker3 words
[+1 sentence]Mr Andre Low.
Mr Low Wu Yang Andre (Non-Constituency Member)2166 words
[+4 sentences]Mr Speaker, the world has fundamentally changed. It is a new world fraught with peril, but awash with opportunity, one that needs a new strategy to not just survive the challenges ahead, but to thrive despite them, a strategy built on security, investment and trust in our people. Two great forces define our current moment: the great re-ordering of global power and the AI revolution transforming how we work. Together, they represent a convergence of challenges that invite a rethinking of how we approach governance and policy. The World Economic Forum projects that 22% of jobs will undergo structural change by 2030.[+6 sentences] This is not some distant threat. It is a near-term reality already reshaping our economy. But this AI wave is fundamentally different from previous technological revolutions. Where past disruptions primarily hit the factory floor, this one targets the boardroom, the artists' studio, the claims desk. From administrative assistants to software developers, from graphic designers to even chief executives, AI capabilities can now match many tasks performed by these workers. In Singapore, this threat is amplified by our unique economic structure. Nearly two-thirds of our workforce are professionals, managers, executives and technicians (PMETs), precisely the demographic most exposed to AI displacement.[+1 sentence] Some of us call this the knowledge economy. Researchers from the International Monetary Fund (IMF) believe 60% of jobs in advanced economies will face AI exposure.[+14 sentences] But for Singapore, given our economic make-up, this figure is probably higher still. Half of these jobs could benefit from AI integration, boosting productivity and wages. But the IMF thinks that the other half face automation, creating downward pressure on wages and hiring in these sectors. Singapore's success to-date comes from world-class execution of a sound playbook. But as we chart the course for tomorrow, we must question if yesterday's maps are still adequate for these new waters. Mr Speaker, I acknowledge the Government's and Prime Minister's focus on assurance and cost of living. I agree with the diagnosis, but temporary reliefs are insufficient for the systemic challenges ahead. In an era of AI-driven disruption, we should acknowledge that our existing social safety nets are ill-equipped for the scale of the change ahead. A stronger, permanent foundation of security is required, and this is not charity, but is the cornerstone of national competitiveness. The impact of this AI revolution can already be felt. Recent surveys of US employers showed 25% of AI users expected to hire fewer workers in the next six months, versus just 10% who intended to hire more. We can already see the same early warnings here in Singapore. Younger workers, lacking the tacit knowledge that accumulates with experience, are particularly vulnerable to task replacement from AI. This is not a hypothetical disruption. After my party colleague Eileen and I put out a call for feedback a couple of months ago, we have heard from many young Singaporeans who have shared their stories about struggling to start their careers, struggling with the job search as well as underemployment concerns. So, the first pillar of our new foundation must be redundancy insurance for the AI age, not merely jobseeker support, but a comprehensive scheme designed for workers facing the reality of career churn in the digital economy – 40% of last drawn salary, capped at 40% of Singapore's prevailing median income, for up to six months. The scheme will be funded by small equal contributions from employers and employees amounting to 0.1% of your monthly salary.[+20 sentences] To put that in perspective, for a median income earner, that is just over $5 a month, and only half of that is paid for by the worker. This creates a true safety net that catches everyone, one that gives workers the confidence to explore new opportunities rather than clinging desperately to dying industries. This represents a profound shift in how we should think about support for the unemployed. In the AI age, career transitions will become the new normal, not the exception. Workers need the security to retrain, to upskill, to reinvent themselves without the spectre of destitution haunting their choices. Housing security must also evolve to acknowledge changing aspirations and economic realities. Build-To-Order (BTO) prices should be pegged to a house price-to-income ratio of three for first-time applicants. We should offer 70-year lease options at lower prices for those who prefer affordability over asset appreciation. The BTO access age for singles should be lowered to 28 and grants should be equalised for single parents who face unique challenges in building stable homes. Housing is not merely shelter. It is dignity, stability and the foundation upon which families build their futures. As someone who has navigated this journey myself recently, I know the anxieties many young Singaporeans face. When we cannot settle into our first homes until our 30s, we are denied the chance to put down roots, to plan for families and to contribute fully to society's fabric. Just as a home provides foundational stability for the family, our economy also requires its own form of security. Platform work has emerged as the primary economic buffer for this era, offering a crucial bridge for those transitioning between traditional jobs. The Platform Workers Act is a commendable first step to shore up this vital buffer. But it stops short of addressing algorithmic management, the digital boss that controls every aspect of the platform worker's existence. Concerns about a "digital boss" are not new, but the AI revolution brings renewed urgency. These black-box algorithms determine job allocation, pricing, performance evaluation and even disciplinary action. Recent advances mean that they could become supercharged, rendering them even more powerful and even more inscrutable than before. Workers deserve to know when AI systems had made decisions about their lives and livelihoods, and they also deserve the right to human review as a fundamental backstop.[+6 sentences] We cannot allow the digital economy to become a digital dystopia where human dignity is sacrificed on the altar of algorithmic efficiency. The freedom to explore and chase one's dreams should not be the exclusive playground of the bold or the privileged. By strengthening our foundation of security, every Singaporean will have the licence to try new things because should you fail, you will not have too far to fall. But Mr Speaker, a strong foundation of security is only the first step. To truly thrive, we must build upon it. This brings me to the second pillar of our strategy: investment in our people. The Government has rightly focused its efforts here through SkillsFuture and recent updates like the SkillsFuture Level-Up Programme for mid-career workers are positive developments.[+9 sentences] The ambition is correct. But for all the good intentions, there remains a persistent disconnect, a "last mile disconnect" between training and employment. Many workers still see SkillsFuture as a supermarket of courses, a system that provides plenty of choice but sometimes lacks clear pathways to career advancement. We hear from those who have diligently completed courses, only to find their new certificates hold little currency with employers who still prioritise degrees, certificates and linear work experiences. This is the paradox of our current system. We have built a comprehensive architecture for upskilling, but we have not yet solved the problem of market recognition. The challenge, therefore, is one of pace and integration. Last year, the former Minister for Education articulated a vision for stackable micro-credentials and cross-recognition between our IHLs. We must accelerate this vision. To start with, as we continue to push the IHLs to grow their micro-credential offerings, the existing careers and skills passport should evolve from a simple certificate library into a dynamic, living credential, a system where micro-credentials from any IHL can be seamlessly stacked over time, allowing adult learners to build towards a formal, credible qualification awarded by one of the universities or other IHLs.[+5 sentences] Backed up by the collective reputations of our renowned institutions, this would go a long way to bridging the disconnect between adult learners and employers. This acknowledges the busy, unpredictable reality of adult life and provides a flexible pathway for all Singaporeans to stay relevant. Secondly, we must address the skills gap afflicting our fresh graduates. We possess world-class universities, but we hear of a persistent concern from both employers and graduates themselves, a gap between academic excellence on the one hand and the practical skills that are needed in a modern workplace. Our polytechnics and the Singapore Institute of Technology have proven the value of structured work-integrated learning as a core part of the tertiary curriculum. Given this success, we should push for work-integrated learning to be the norm for as many tertiary students as possible, ensuring our graduates enter the workforce ready to contribute from day one.[+15 sentences] A targeted grant to help our local small and medium enterprises (SMEs) offset the costs of providing such placements could be a powerful catalyst. But crucially, payouts should be structured to incentivise retention and discourage exploitation. This ensures our graduates enter the workforce with the practical, real-world skills that the AI age demands. Finally, as we pursue our national AI strategy, we must also ensure its benefits are democratised. SMEs should continue to receive assistance to adopt AI tools and AI literacy should be woven into our school curriculum. Students should be encouraged to command it as a creative and analytical tool. SkillsFuture credits should also be allowed to cover subscriptions to AI assistants and tools, ensuring that all Singaporean workers, regardless of their means, are able to utilise the latest and best tools to enhance their own productivity. But above all, we must continue to be vigilant to ensure AI serves our workers, not replaces them. In an age of AI, our people's ability to learn, adapt and apply knowledge quickly is our single greatest competitive advantage. The right investments in our people will ensure that AI's promise translates into better wages and better jobs, not just higher profits for shareholders. Yet, even the best-laid plans for security and the most ambitious investments in our people will fall short if they are not built on a foundation of mutual respect and this requires the final and perhaps, most crucial pillar of our strategy: trust. Mr Speaker, I welcome the President's focus on trust as a national priority, but we must be more courageous in our definition of what trust means in a mature democracy. To truly thrive, trust in Singapore must become a two-way street. We have long been asked to trust the Government's judgement, wisdom and intentions. In this new era, the Government must also learn to trust its people with information, with genuine dialogue and with the fundamental dignity of participation. Trust is demonstrated through transparency in governance and that is why the WP has called for a Freedom of Information Act which shows that we trust citizens with the information necessary to hold the Government accountable.[+4 sentences] When the Government holds data that could inform public debate, it should be shared. When policies are formulated based on evidence, that evidence should be accessible to scrutiny. Trust is also demonstrated through genuine dialogue rather than managed consultation. Defending robust debate shows we trust the wisdom of our people to engage with complex issues and reach sound judgments. The current Parliamentary committee system, while useful, lacks the teeth necessary for true legislative scrutiny. The WP again calls for establishing Standing Select Committees for each Ministry, with MPs from all parties properly resourced to provide meaningful oversight. The Government should share information openly with these committees and not jealously guard it as proprietary knowledge.[+1 sentence] But the deepest trust of all is demonstrated through permissive discourse. When differences of opinion are tolerated – nay, celebrated – in our society, in civil discourse, in the media, in politics. It is why we believe that when disputes over facts arise in our public square, our independent courts and judges should have oversight on what is, or is not, a falsehood.[+3 sentences] Trust is, after all, a two-way street. Mr Speaker, the Prime Minister has spoken of the need for us to be a "we first" society. It is a call we can all get behind. But as we heed this call, it is our duty in this House to give the vision meaning for the people we serve. So, if by "we first", the Prime Minister means a secure Singapore where every family has an affordable home and a robust safety net to catch them when they fall, then we are on the same page; and if by "we first", he means investing deeply in the skills and boundless creativity of every Singaporean, then we can work together; and if by "we first", he means trusting our people with the freedom to explore, create and find their own path, then we can take heart.[+3 sentences] These three pillars – security, investment and trust – form the foundation of a strategy for a thriving people. A compass for our next chapter and a promise about the society we can become. Mr Speaker, I support the Motion.
Mr Speaker6 words
[+1 sentence]Minister of State Goh Pei Ming.
The Minister of State for Home Affairs, and Social and Family Development (Mr Goh Pei Ming)2767 words
[+25 sentences]Mr Speaker, Sir, I rise in support of the Motion. As one of the younger new political office holders in this House, allow me first to share my thanks, for what my generation has received. Then, Mr Speaker, amid the many challenges that Singapore faces, I would like to speak about our children and their childhood, and offer some suggestions on how we can help our next generation thrive. I grew up in the 1980s and 1990s in a simple HDB flat in Bedok. Studying was important, but my fondest memories were from playing football during recess, going to the nearby playground and wandering around Bedok Town Centre shops and the library. A simple childhood, a heartland experience, like most Singaporeans. And I am grateful for what I had, for it shaped me into who I am today. My generation grew up proud of Singapore. Proud that our small country was able to punch above her weight as one of the four "Asian Tigers", proud that we stayed principled and resisted external pressures, proud that we were bold and planned long term. We owe gratitude to our grandparents and our parents whose hard work and strong values enabled them to overcome tough cycles of retrenchment, global conflicts and the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) epidemic, so that we all can have a much better life than they ever did. Now, it is our turn to take on the mantle, to navigate through the dark clouds, to support and take care of our seniors and to raise our children well to become future leaders of Singapore. And if I may add, on a more personal note, it is precisely my heartland upbringing and my pride in Singapore that has kept me committed to serving in the SAF for many years as well as in the community as a grassroots leader through the past two decades; and now, to do even more, as I take this step into politics. Just as our Pioneers had their challenges, my generation, our generation, will have ours to confront as well. As a nation we have no lack of issues to think about in our next lap. In a world of rapid change, geopolitical situations, climate change, intense economic competition, the opportunities and challenges that AI brings, the dominance of tech and mobile devices, the explosion of choices that face us all will be even more daunting for young minds. It is, therefore, our responsibility to help them thrive and we have to do as well as we possibly can. Singapore is already one of the best places for our children to grow up in, with a high-quality of life, safe and secure environment, excellent healthcare and schools. But with new uncertainties ahead of us, we need to ensure our next generation is ready to brave it and resilient enough to stay ahead. We must help our young people develop in the right way, to shift from “what to think and do”, to “how to think and do”. So that they have the confidence and curiosity to navigate those winds of change. So that they develop the critical thinking for them to discern what’s right and what is wrong for them to possess the grit and perseverance to keep pushing when the going gets tough and to have the resilience to get up when they fall. To do so, we, as a nation, need to change the way we raise our children and that begins with changing our mindsets. Amongst all the shifts that we need to make, sometimes changing mindsets is the hardest. But just like how our grandfathers and fathers have prepared us well for today’s challenges, it is now for us, our generation to prepare our children for their future. We all want our children to get the best possible start in life and the good thing is, many parents today already send their children to preschool, although starting ages differ. Our data shows that children who start preschool at three years old do better in primary school and, in fact, the benefits continue long afterwards.[+5 sentences] Children develop better and learn better, with preschool. So, I strongly encourage all parents to start your children in preschool early. Of course, parents need to be able to identify and secure a good preschool, especially if both parents are at work. As a parent myself, I care deeply about my children’s education. Eight years ago, when choosing a preschool for my first-born, there was no vacancy in any of the nearby Government-supported preschools. Fast forward to today, as the Minister of State overseeing the preschool sector, I am glad to learn that our Government-supported centres can meet 80% of our population’s needs.[+2 sentences] This leaves options for some Singaporeans to pursue private centres. Furthermore, our early childhood educators, our teachers, are well qualified and committed. Preschool fees have also come down and we must continue to do better; and we will.[+6 sentences] I had a chat recently with a young couple. Marine Parade is a mature estate, but we do have our fair share of young parents. They grew up in the East, like myself. They are happy, living and starting a family in Marine Parade. Even though they did start the conversation by telling me that they were disappointed they did not get to vote in the recent General Election. But it was a good reminder to me to never take our residents’ trust for granted. They subsequently went on to share their concerns about the academic pressures that their young child already faces. I want to make the point that the best start in life is not about pushing learning earlier. It is not about studying ahead of the school curriculum, and it is not about outdoing their peers academically.[+17 sentences] Growing up, I recall friends around me being drilled in abacus classes to help with their math and there are many more examples like that. Do not get me wrong. Our children must develop and must have good numeracy and literacy skills, because it is important in life to go on. But I think Singapore as a country, we are already doing well in these areas. The way to give our children the best start in life, is to build them up well, to make sure they have a proper childhood. A childhood rich with opportunities to develop important values that will help them to become inventive, resilient and flexible. A childhood where they truly learn to be a good person, as opposed to just being academically clever. When you are a young child, the most powerful lessons, the most powerful learning, comes not from books, not from tuition centres, but from experiences. Our children need a childhood where they can enjoy the freedom to explore and learn from their own experiences because that is how they learn best. I learnt about a butterfly’s life cycle from keeping a caterpillar. I was pretty good at playing marbles and that helped me quickly understand Newton’s Laws on Action and Reaction, many years later. It was my own experimentation and playful experience that taught me these powerful lessons and more. Our children need such experiences to grow their curiosity for a lifetime of learning. Bring them out to our parks and playgrounds, they need to learn through doing and experiencing for themselves. Let the world be their classroom. But child development is not just about intentional learning experiences. There is much to learn through play, unstructured play. Increasingly, research shows that play enhances our children’s brain development. New neural pathways are formed when children play. These lay important foundations for problem solving, creativity and emotional regulation.[+10 sentences] There are important lessons from play that every child deserves. From playing five stones and zero-point, my generation honed our hand-eye, leg-eye coordination and learnt how to focus and persevere. From falling from a swing, we learnt about resilience. It is not how we fall, but how we get up and swing faster and higher. From the pain of blisters that came from playing football barefoot, we learnt about consequences and how to keep ourselves safe in the future. Yet in our effort to want to keep our children safe, we sometimes deprive them of these lessons. While we ironically overprotect, in the real world; we may have under-protected, in the virtual world, allowing our children to indulge in their devices. After MOH’s advice on screen time for young children, parents are anxious. Parents say it is not easy to pull back on those devices. My own child will also argue with me that digital play is also a form of play. While that is true, the constant sensory stimulation releases dopamine. Not a bad thing in controlled quantities, but when done in excess, its effects are no different from gambling and substance abuse.[+42 sentences] So, what can we do? We can do more to support our families to dial back on screen use. Not sudden, total withdrawal, but progressive changes. For a start, one simple change is to devote more time and energy to interacting with our children face-to-face and listening to them. Rebalance away from tuition centres, away from devices and cater more time for play. Yes, it might mean sacrificing some peace and rest for us caregivers, but nothing beats spending quality family time together. And for those of us who need to work long hours to make ends meet, our communities and our schools can do more to engage our children meaningfully. Finally, our children need to learn from and interact with other children; and from there, they can grow to become more communicative, more caring and more emotionally balanced. Growing up, I recall playing many variations of catching, at the playground, in the void decks, what the catcher can and cannot do. We made up our own rules and played by them. We learnt to convince, to negotiate, to compromise. We learnt how to share. We can be playing football and basketball on opposite ends of the same court. Through it all, more importantly, we found ourselves friends, best friends, friends that we can reliably call upon later in life. Friends that ChatGPT can never replace. An article I read on World Suicide Prevention Day a couple of weeks ago, emphasised how important friends are in helping us navigate the stresses and storms of life. Through supporting one another, our children can learn about care, about compassion, about empathy. These are important in building a "we first" society. So, let us help families rebalance – more real time, less screen time; more play, less pressure; more emotional intelligence, not just artificial intelligence and give space for our children to learn how to learn, because when learning is fun, it becomes its own destination, rather than a means to live up to an adult's expectations. As parents, our children look to us and what we emphasise and define as success influences them too. Is a child successful only because of straight "As" and a delightful co-curricular activities (CCA) record? As adults, how do we measure our own success? Is it only about our job titles and salaries? Is it about what vacations we take and what car we drive, if we drive? Comparison is the thief of joy and in this age of social media, it is easy to feel that we pale, in comparison, to others. But social media is not an accurate reflection of most people's lives. Many of us will curate and share only the best and the most positive aspects of our life, while filtering out the mundane or the natural realities of everyday. So, I want to encourage Singaporeans with this. Let us define our own success, our own sense of meaning, of purpose and this is how we can pursue our own dreams and our passions. Perhaps, the "kiasu" spirit is ingrained in all of us. Perhaps, this sense of exceptionalism is what got us this far in the first place. But let us channel this competitiveness more positively, away from rigid definitions of success, towards self-improvement, not for the purpose of outdoing others, but to become better versions of ourselves. Mr Speaker, amid the many challenges that Singapore faces, I chose to speak about our children and their childhoods. Let me cite a quote that sums this up quite nicely: "I would give wings to children, but I would leave it to them to learn how to fly by themselves". I would like to leave this House with one final image. The world sometimes calls parents "tiger moms". It is my hope that we become better known as "mommy bears" instead. I use "moms" and "mommy" carefully because that is how these phrases are coined, but it includes all the fathers, myself included. Why mommy bears? Mommy bears are nurturing and warm, and very cuddly too. Mommy bears raise their cubs to be independent, to be able to survive, to hunt and to be able to explore on their own. Mommy bears allow their cubs to stumble, because that is how they learn and become more resilient. But when danger comes, mommy bears will defend their cubs ferociously. This is the mindset change we need, from "tiger" parents to "bear" parents or, if I may call, "Bear-rents".[+14 sentences] If we do this, then our next generation will not only be able to face the future but also shape it with confidence, resilience and heart. Mr Speaker, Sir, in Mandarin, please. (In Mandarin): Mr Speaker, hon MPs, good afternoon. It is my great honour to speak here today and I am deeply aware of the weight of this responsibility. As a member of the younger generation, I want to thank our parents and grandparents for their hard work and dedication. They have weathered economic fluctuations, regional instability and the trials of the pandemic. Through their relentless efforts and perseverance, they have given us a better life. Here, I would like to say “thank you”! The responsibility of building and safeguarding Singapore has fallen upon our shoulders. We must learn from the good examples set by the previous generation, and prepare for the future, planning ahead for the next generation. The future is full of uncertainties: geopolitical situations, climate change, artificial intelligence and the impact of the digital world will all bring new challenges. Singapore is one of the best places in the world for children to grow up but we cannot become complacent because of this. We must help our children build confidence and curiosity – learn to think and make judgements – whilst cultivating resilience and tenacity, so that they can face future storms with composure. This requires us as parents to change our mindset. Academic results are certainly important, but they cannot be the only goal.[+2 sentences] What is truly crucial is giving children a proper and meaningful childhood. Children should have the freedom to explore and play, to learn creativity and resilience through trying and falling. Research also shows that free play promotes brain development, laying the foundation for problem-solving and emotional regulation.[+3 sentences] At the same time, we must pay attention to the influence of the digital world. Many parents worry about their children becoming addicted to screens. I myself am often "persuaded" by my children to treat online gaming as a form of play. But excessive use can easily lead to dependency. We should gradually reduce screen time, replacing it with more face-to-face interaction and high-quality companionship.[+4 sentences] Children also need to interact with their peers, learning empathy and care through communication, collaboration, and sharing. These values cannot be replaced by textbooks and tuition classes, but they are key to building a “we first” society. Parents have a profound influence on their children. We need to rethink the definition of "success". Success is not just about grades, positions or wealth, but whether one can find direction and meaning in life.[+5 sentences] We should guide our children to pursue growth, not merely materialistic achievements. Finally, let me conclude with an analogy: society often calls parents with high expectations "tiger parents", but I hope that Singapore's parents can become known as "bear parents”. Bears are warm and caring, they protect their cubs, but they also let the little bears explore independently, learning to stand up on their own after falling. Only in this way can children become truly resilient. Let us work together to cultivate the next generation's character of confidence, resilience and compassion, so that they can not only respond to the future, but also shape it. : Mr Speaker, Sir, I support the Motion.
Mr Speaker3 words
[+1 sentence]Ms Denise Phua.
Ms Denise Phua Lay Peng (Jalan Besar)2305 words
[+35 sentences]I rise to support the Motion of Thanks for President Tharman's address. My topic today is moving our society from fear to hope. But first, let us acknowledge the fears of our time. At work, many of us worry: will technology especially AI threaten our jobs? Will it displace more jobs than it creates? Will we be qualified for the new "good" jobs? What happens to those who cannot catch up – some of the elderly, the disabled and those who are less skilled? As a small nation, our survival depends on global stability and open trade – the rule of law. But what now, as these foundations weaken? As we live longer, will our savings last? For households already stretched, how will they endure the next disruption? At home, the questions get more personal. What if my child does not do well in the Primary School Leaving Examination (PSLE)? Who will care for my ageing parents? Will our children have the same, or better, opportunities? Parents of children with disabilities ask: who will care and provide for them when we are gone? These fears are not weaknesses. They are signs that we care deeply for our future and the home we have built. They mean we are invested and not ready to quit. We can let these fears turn us inwards, making us suspicious of change and leading to paralysis or blame, or we can choose a different path. We can choose, as spiritual thinker Henri Nouwen urged, to move from fear to hope. We must not let the world set our agenda. We must decide as a people. What questions do we want to answer? What values will guide us? Our shared destiny surely must be built on our shared values. A central part of this is AI. How do we turn collective anxiety into collective agency and how do we build the bridge from fear to hope? Sir, allow me to propose three steps we can take: one, ensure that AI serves humanity and not the other way around; two, update our social and financial safety nets for this new age; and three, supercharge a culture of lifelong learning. First, to ensure AI serves humanity and not the other way around. The sword of AI is double-edged. There is no denying the breathtaking opportunities it presents. Yet, we must also confront the risks with equal honesty. Automation is already displacing routine-intense jobs. I know this because I am always looking for jobs for some of our disabled and elderly. AI is also hollowing our middle skills and creating barriers for those less digitally-literate.[+2 sentences] Today, this exclusion is starkly visible in Singapore. We see it as Neighbourhood Police Posts are shuttered and replaced with digital kiosks. We see it as services in public and private sectors close their customer-facing counters, forcing transactions online, leaving the less digitally-literate to find their own way. I was recently told by a healthcare worker, a volunteer of mine, that medical follow-ups must now be booked exclusively through an app.[+6 sentences] For many, this is not convenience; it is a barrier. In our economy, this fracture manifests in the rapid automation of routine jobs, leaving behind seniors and persons with disabilities who struggle to navigate a world increasingly alien to them. The Government can and must lead this mission with compassion and foresight. Technological revolution is not new. It is a constant of human progress, in every generation. But every such revolution risks marginalising a segment of the population. But as a Government, we do not have to decide that it is just too bad for them. We can set our own agenda, based on our value of inclusive progress, to always put aside a buffer resource for Singaporeans who are in that transitionary generation. We can intentionally: one, fund human-centric services, maintaining in-person assistance when it is needed – phone hotlines and even printed CDC vouchers, as long as there are citizens in our midst who cannot catch up.[+6 sentences] These measures are not regressive. They are a vital lifeline of inclusion, especially in essential services like healthcare, security, transport, legal and so forth. And two, we should mandate inclusive design, require that every public-sector AI system complies with the highest accessibility standards. I saw the Government Technology Agency (GovTech) doing that as there was an exhibition at the hall, in Parliament last year. We can adopt universal design at the start and not as an afterthought. I have raised questions in this House on the ways Government agencies what measures they have for those who are not digitally-savvy. The responses have been inconsistent, practices more inconsistent. And recently, I found out that autonomous shuttles are designed without wheelchaired users in mind.[+24 sentences] Sir, we can do better and mandate inclusive design. But closing this gap is not the duty of the Government alone. To businesses, I say, adopt inclusive design, universal design at the start. Proactively ensure your services are also accessible. Create solutions that blend technology with the human touch. For example, banks that still provide personal counter services for seniors should not be rare exceptions. They should be commended. These should be the industry standard until there is no need for it. And here is a challenge. Can some businesses deliberately choose not to automate every routine job, but instead preserve some roles for older workers and persons with disabilities? These are ways by which they can continue to contribute meaningfully, earn a livelihood and even engage socially outside their homes. L'Oréal, a renowned cosmetic powerhouse company, once operated a special packaging and assembly facility in Taiwan dedicated to employing people with disabilities. That primary mission was social, not purely commercial and industrial. It is to provide meaningful, stable and supportive employment for people with various physical and developmental disabilities. It was a counter-intuitive move for business, I know. But L'Oreal set its own agenda and did it their own way. That programme was later successfully merged into a larger facility to expand its impact and also promote greater inclusivity. And to the community, I say this: volunteer your expertise, advocate for accessibility. People like Mr Peter Ng, an IT specialist in Kreta Ayer-Kim Seng, for instance, have for years, coached seniors like his mother and her neighbours on using smartphones and the common apps that they should know. That sustainable, community-driven help is the model that we should commend and need. Therefore, the is not if AI will advance, but what kind of society we will become. So, we must intentionally choose inclusive progress. Let us ensure AI is a lifeline for all, and a landmine for none. Second, on updating our safety net for this new age. Singapore has built one of the most admired social safety nets in the world, anchored on the Central Provident Fund (CPF), MediSave, housing subsidies, transfers, SkillsFuture and progressive social transfers.[+5 sentences] These have served us well in an economy where jobs were relatively stable, careers linear and disruption more gradual. But technologies, like AI, change that equation. AI has not only automated tasks, it will reconfigure entire industries. The churn will be faster. This is an economy and age where work is fragmented, transitions frequent and inequality risks are sharper. A safety net in this new age must be more than a cushion. It must be portable, following workers across jobs and platforms; preventive, addressing health and skills before crisis strike; and adaptive, responding as automatically as possible to economic shocks.[+3 sentences] The task before us is not to abandon the pillars of CPF, MediSave, SkillsFuture and all the good things, but to adapt them for an economy such as this. Two suggestions on how we can start. One, on expanding protection. Let us protect those who are most vulnerable to economic shifts – our freelancers, our gig economy workers and those in non-traditional employment.[+11 sentences] Their contribution to the new economy must be matched with a commitment to their security. For the larger population, accelerate the move towards portable benefits, like healthcare and insurance. They are tied to the individual and not the employer, providing a foundation of security in a world of fluid work. And second, enhance retirement adequacy. The CPF LIFE system, which I think is brilliant, provides a secure retirement for members with substantial savings. However, a segment of the population, particularly those with irregular employment histories, remains financially vulnerable in their old age. We should develop targeted measures to augment the CPF savings of individuals who are not on track to meet their retirement needs, not just those who qualify for Silver Support. We should conduct a comprehensive review of the Silver Support scheme, too, to ensure its parameters align with the original objective of providing a safety net. This review must account for contemporary economic pressures, such as inflation and longer life expectancy, to guarantee that that the payouts remain sufficient. And third, to install an affordability assurance body. Rising costs are on everybody's mind. Think of this affordability assurance body like the Monetary Authority of Singapore (MAS) for essentials: monitoring daily cost of food, utilities, healthcare, transport and triggering automatic action when thresholds are crossed.[+17 sentences] Move from reacting after the fact to at least guarantee or ensuring affordability upfront. Sir, by innovating more boldly, Singaporeans can be more assured that no matter the disruption the basics of life will remain within reach. And lastly, on supercharging our culture of lifelong learning. SkillsFuture was a visionary beginning. But now in its 10th year, we must propel it beyond a Government programme into a lifelong habit embraced by every Singaporean. This vision resonates with the direction outlined by Minister Desmond Lee at MOE's Work Plan seminar recently, where the Minister spoke not only about AI in schools, but also about creating a lifelong learning ecosystem, fostering a broader definition of success and meeting the needs of learners who are different. Visionary Chinese education thinker, Prof Zhu Yongxing argues that the school of the future will, in fact, evolve from what is the traditional classroom into a network of open, flexible student-centred learning centres, breaking down the barriers of time, space, age and institutional structures. I will talk about that hopefully in a speech next year. That vision of the school for the future is important. But there are now, a few ways that we can do to reach the lifelong learning ecosystem that is fit-for-purpose for the future. One, build a true skills-based economy. A broader definition of success means valuing skills and competence as much as, if not more than academic qualifications. We need to review the current playbook in this space. As long as academic qualifications or certificates remain the default currency for school entry and hiring, Singaporeans, parents will rationally contribute or continue to chase them; to chase these paper qualifications and the pressures will cascade down into high-stakes exams. How many times do you have the experience that I have, when I ask a parent, "How old is your child?" And the parent says, "PSLE year." I have spoken long about through-train, 10-year through-train and whether PSLE is still relevant or not, many times in this house, but again, that is for another occasion. Today, coming back to building a skills-based economy, we need to create a labour market where employers, including the public sector, recognises competencies and experience and pay for them.[+7 sentences] And that includes recognising the value of jobs, what they call blue-collar jobs, such as our plumbers, our technicians, our rail technicians and our MRT technicians, our repair technicians and other blue-collared workers. Next, on supercharging a lifelong learning culture. We should personalise learning for every citizen. AI can now make personalised learning possible at scale, providing rich and timely feedback. This principle is not new. Special education has long used individualised education plans (IEPs) to tailor learning to each child. I have seen this approach work brilliantly also for non-special needs kids in home-based education systems. With AI, we can extend this to every Singaporean through a personalised learning plan that guides lifelong growth far beyond the classroom, into every stage of life.[+1 sentence] And third, ensure equal access to lifelong learning. Today, students with special needs benefit from our strong special education schools thanks to our political and Government leaders. But when they graduate, many face a devastating learning cliff.[+1 sentence] We have the school-to-work programmes, but they are transitional steps that last only a few years – a good, sincere attempt by SG Enable will need more visioning and resources. Ahead of our citizens with special needs, lies 50 to 60 years of life too often without structured opportunities to keep growing and learning, not acceptable for an inclusive society. We must re-imagine and revamp the continuum of learning, ensuring that they, too, have access to personalised and future-ready skills through lifelong learning centres.[+2 sentences] Sir, by building a skills-based economy, personalised learning with AI and ensuring that no one is left behind, we can supercharge a culture of lifelong learning for all. Finally, in conclusion, Sir, I began my speech today by sharing some common fears of Singaporeans. These fears are real, but they are not our fate. I have suggested three ways we can turn these fears into hope, by ensuring that AI remains a servant to humanity, by updating our safety nets for a new age and by supercharging lifelong learning.[+6 sentences] But let us be clear, we are not passive bystanders in this era of change. We are its architects. The future does not simply happen to us. It is built by us. It is shaped by the agenda and the choices that we make as the people of Singapore. We have done this before and we will do it again, and together we will move from a society of fear to a nation of hope.
Mr Speaker4 words
[+1 sentence]Acting Minister Faishal Ibrahim.
The Acting Minister-in-charge of Muslim Affairs (Assoc Prof Dr Muhammad Faishal Ibrahim)3258 words
[+33 sentences]Mr Speaker, 60 years ago, as Singapore became independent, many in our community faced a difficult choice: to cross the causeway where many of our friends and relatives were; or to stay in Singapore, face economic uncertainties and a precarious future and forge a shared destiny with our Chinese and Indian comrades. Our forefathers chose to stay. They sunk their roots here, threw in their lot with Singapore and made this island their home. Our Pioneers, led by Malay leaders like Yusof Ishak, Othman Wok and Ahmad Ibrahim, strived hard to meet the social, economic and religious needs of our community. They were also crucial members of our Pioneer leadership team, united in the common vision of a Singapore for all Singaporeans. The courage, dedication and tireless work of our Pioneers laid strong foundations for our community to make progress generation after generation. Last month, I joined many Singaporeans in celebrating our nation's birthday, and like many in our community, my heart swelled with pride as Lieutenant Colonel Firdaus Ghazali led the National Day Parade; and as Lieutenant Colonel Muhammad Iskandar led the F-15 bomb burst salute. This is just one of the many examples of how members of the Malay/Muslim community have excelled in their respective fields and continue to contribute to the Singapore story. As we celebrate SG60, it is timely to reflect on our progress as a society and as a Malay/Muslim community. Over the last 30 years, I had the privilege of journeying with our community, through my community work and across six Ministries. I have seen first-hand what we can achieve when Government and the community strive with common purpose. Indeed, our community has grown in strength, in confidence and in our ability to rally and contribute to Singapore's shared future. The M3 agencies and Malay/Muslim organisations (MMOs), which include the Indian Muslim organisations (IMOs), have worked together with Government agencies to better serve the needs of the Malay/Muslim community. However, the world is undergoing significant shifts: technological advancements, trade wars, climate change and geopolitical volatility are just a few examples. The Malay/Muslim community must similarly confront these uncertainties. I am encouraged by the renewed vigour from many community stakeholders, such as our MMOs, to find new and better ways to engage, collaborate and synergise efforts to take us forward. As the Acting Minister-in-charge of Muslim Affairs, I hope to build on the good work of my predecessors and fellow community leaders. I will deepen collaborations among the M3 agencies, MMOs, IMOs and the Government, to chart a stronger future for our Malay/Muslim community while contributing to our multiracial and multi-religious society. Since taking office, I have been engaging widely and listening actively. I have engaged our youth groups, mosque committees, working professionals, grassroots volunteers, MMOs and IMOs, arts and cultural groups and many more. I have also engaged the community at various settings, including coffee shops, markets and food centres and formal dialogues. I am touched by their stories of resilience and contribution, feel their concerns and inspired by their hopes and aspirations for community and the nation. To achieve these, we must tap on our collective energies and abilities as well as imagination. Every member of our community should have the chance to be the best version of themselves at different stages of their lives. Let us share in the joy of each other's success and rally around those who stumble so that they can find their feet again. For instance, Mr Muhammad Feroz Haron is the founder of Action in Motion (AIM) Society, which recently celebrated its sixth anniversary last month. Sharing his past experiences, Feroz founded AIM with three other ex-offenders to provide social and emotional support for others on the drug rehabilitation journey. His wife, Madam Salmah Johari, also founded Women in Support to Develop Outstanding Men (WISDOM), a support group for spouses and partners of ex-offenders. Or the story of Dr Norham Erlyani, who inspires us through her pursuit of excellence. She holds a PhD in stem cell and developmental biology from the National University of Singapore Graduate School and currently serves as Head of Strategy and Public Relations at Hilleman Laboratories. Beyond her professional portfolio, she contributes actively to the community as the lead for Life Sciences under the MENDAKI Professional Networks and as a member of the Majlis Ugama Islam Singapura (MUIS) Council. I am committed to supporting people like Mr Feroz and Dr Norham Erlyani, who have taken diverse paths at different stages of their lives, so that they can do better for themselves, and give back to those around them. Let me elaborate on three areas where my fellow PAP Malay/Muslim MPs and I will focus on in the years ahead. One, to give our community a better life through improved social and economic outcomes. Two, to uphold the confidence of our community to practise our faith in a multi-cultural society. And three, to preserve and celebrate our rich Malay arts, culture and heritage.[+1 sentence] Sir, let me first speak on improving the social and economic outcomes for our people. We will focus on four areas: first, nurture strong families; second, invest in our children and youths; third, equip our workers to seize growth opportunities; and fourth, support our seniors to age with dignity.[+4 sentences] Families form the bedrock of our society. They create stable and loving environments for us to pass shared values from one generation to the next, and for our children to realise their potential. Strong marriages are the first step to flourishing families. Over the years, we have seen good progress from our investments to support strong marriages. The number of Muslim divorces in 2023 have fallen by 30% compared to 2019.[+1 sentence] We will continue to do more in this area, led by incoming Minister of State Zhulkarnain Abdul Rahim. For instance, through the Bersamamu programme, which supports newlywed Muslim couples with religious guidance on marriage and family life, and with practical skills, like financial planning, communication skills and conflict resolution.[+8 sentences] With strong families as a foundation, we will invest more in the development of our children and youths. Education is key to provide our children with a good start in life. As a community, we can do more to encourage the enrolment of our young into preschool, and to sustain their attendance. We must also better support the learning of our students in primary and secondary schools, including after school hours. For instance, under Project Jalan Kukoh, MENDAKI, Majlis Ugama Islam Singapura (MUIS), the People’s Association Malay Activity Executive Committees Council (PA MESRA), 4PM, and other Government agencies reach out to youths in the Jalan Kukoh precinct. I thank our community partners, the Ministry of Social and Family Development (MSF) and the Ministry of Education (MOE) for your support in these areas. Outside of school, we will equip our youths to deal with the challenges of the future. Beyond the academics, we will also support them with career guidance, personal development opportunities and exposure to new experiences. For example, Ms Sherlita Almeyra serves as the President of MudaSG, a youth-led organisation that has organised volunteer opportunities in sectors, such as community building, education, environmental sustainability, and social outreach, encouraging youth to contribute to society while fostering a spirit of care, collaboration and service. I recently announced the formation of a Malay/Muslim Youth Taskforce. This will bring together youth champions to advocate for the needs and aspirations of Malay/Muslim youth and co-create initiatives in support of the national SG Youth Plan. Minister of State Rahayu Mahzam and incoming Senior Parliamentary Secretary Dr Syed Harun Alhabsyi will lead this effort.[+23 sentences] I hope that these efforts will position our youths to seize new opportunities in our fast-evolving economic landscape. The workforce in the years to come will look very different from today and our workers must be prepared to ride the waves of growth in the future economy. This will require a culture of lifelong learning, underpinned by the partnerships between the National Trades Union Congress (NTUC), MENDAKI and other MMOs. Senior Minister of State Zaqy Mohamed and labour MP Dr Wan Rizal will helm this area to develop community platforms to complement national-level programmes to support our workers. In particular, I hope that more of our workers can tap on opportunities in growth sectors like advanced manufacturing, technology and professional services like finance. As we progress, we cannot forget our seniors, particularly those in the Pioneer and Merdeka generations. Prime Minister Lawrence Wong outlined Singapore’s plans to improve long-term care options through the Age Well Neighbourhoods for our seniors and their caregivers at the National Day Rally. This initiative builds upon national programmes like HealthierSG and Age Well SG. I similarly hope to mobilise our community, so that we can better meet the healthcare, social and emotional needs of our seniors. I look forward to the support by Members. For instance, how can we tap on the experience of our seniors to benefit the community, as they transit into retirement? Or how can we better support caregivers through active ageing services and caregiving networks? To this end, the Santunan Emas programme by Masjid Al-Muttaqin, in collaboration with Ma:een and Muhammadiyah Active Ageing Centre, is a commendable effort. The programme provides holistic support for our elderly – from spiritual guidance through lectures by former Mufti, Ustaz Dr Mohamed Fatris Bakaram, to physical and social activities led by volunteers from Muhammadiyah for their overall well-being. Let us continue to explore new ways to collaborate with various partners in support of our seniors. I have spoken about improved social and economic outcomes. Let me now turn to how we will support the community to practise our faith in our diverse society. Our faith is central to our character as a Malay/Muslim community. It guides our values and how we engage one another, whether family members, neighbours or fellow citizens. Our faith also guides us to live harmoniously with others in a multicultural and multi-religious society. Since taking on this role, I have visited different mosques each week. These visits gave me the opportunity to meet congregants from all walks of life and speak with them on religious life in Singapore, among others. Let me highlight three areas of feedback and what we are doing in these areas. One, is the need for more prayer spaces, particularly in newer residential areas. I have announced further details about the new mosques in Tampines and Tengah, and we are exploring ways to bring forward the completion of these mosques.[+6 sentences] We are also exploring how interim prayer spaces can be provided while mosque upgrading and development works are underway. Our mosques and prayer spaces are fully funded by the community. So, we must be prudent in designing them and maximise our existing spaces by conducting second sessions for Friday prayers. Two, beyond physical spaces, we must groom the next generation of religious leaders. Our asatizah play a critical role in guiding our community and should be recognised and fairly compensated for their work, as Mr Sharael Taha mentioned earlier. As we navigate a more complex world, they must be keenly attuned to global changes while appreciating our local context. The new Singapore College of Islamic Studies (SCIS) represents a significant investment in this future by equipping our asatizah with robust Islamic knowledge and practical skills to serve the community, be it in the religious sector or in adjacent sectors like counselling and social work.[+2 sentences] I also agree with Mr Sharael Taha that SCIS’ partnership with the Singapore University of Social Sciences will be important in exposing our future asatizah to diverse academic experiences and develop them not just as capable religious teachers, but also compassionate community leaders who can help the community navigate contemporary social challenges. Three, our religious institutions must develop new capabilities to guide the community in contemporary issues. Recent fatwas on cultivated meat and alternative proteins, and carrier screening for severe genetic diseases and antenatal testing have helped our community navigate new questions about food technology, environmental sustainability and medical sciences.[+13 sentences] These rulings exemplify how our Fatwa Committee and asatizah can provide guidance that is both religiously sound and practically relevant. We will continue to empower our asatizah to guide the community in these complex issues and in so doing, deepen trust in our religious institutions. Importantly, the ability to maintain confidence in our religious life depends on the trust in our religious institutions and the partnerships with the broader network of Muslim organisations. We will strengthen these networks of trust and partnerships to address the religious needs of our community. Together, I am confident that we will engender a fulfilling life for our Singapore Muslims who actively contribute to their community and society. I have spoken about improved social and economic outcomes, and about practising our faith in a multicultural society. Let me now speak on how we can celebrate our Malay arts, culture and heritage. This is an integral part of Singapore’s cultural diversity and national identity. Pak Zubir Said's composition of our national anthem, "Majulah Singapura", is a prime example of how Malay artistic expression has shaped our national identity. Contemporary Malay artists like Madam Som Said are instrumental in championing Malay dance in Singapore, while writers like Djamal Tukimin have become cornerstones of Singapore’s Malay literary scene. We also have practitioners dedicated to preserving our living heritage and craft, such as Yaziz Hassan who is passing down the knowledge of crafting and repairing traditional Malay drums to future generations. In my engagements, many in the community have told me that they hope we can hold fast to what has nourished our hearts and souls over generations, even as we pursue economic growth and prosperity. My team and I hope to galvanise the community to celebrate and develop our arts, culture, and heritage sector, showcase the vibrancy of our unique Singaporean Malay culture and preserve our cultural traditions for future generations. The reopening of the Malay Heritage Centre in April next year represents a significant milestone in this effort.[+3 sentences] It will provide a new platform to celebrate the stories of the Malay community and recognise how their contributions have shaped Singapore's development and national identity. The refreshed centre will enhance representation of Malay ethnic sub-groups, showcasing the diversity that exists within our community, with increased focus on women's contributions to education, literature and the arts. The centre will also see newly commissioned works by both emerging and established Malay artists in support of contemporary cultural expression. This is part of a wider national plan. We strive to develop Wisma Geylang Serai as Singapore’s first social, arts and cultural heritage hub where culture is not just preserved but also experienced.[+11 sentences] The National Heritage Board is also partnering with community and precinct stakeholders in Kampong Gelam to strengthen its distinctive cultural identity and heritage value. Our culture should be celebrated and enjoyed by all. We will continue to support the People's Association Malay Activity Executive Committees Council (PA MESRA) and the Malay Activity Executive Committees (MAECs) in various events to preserve the Malay culture, whether through performances during festive seasons, or through cultural festivals and activities. Mr Speaker, allow me to continue my speech in Malay. : Sir, our Malay/Muslim community has made much progress over the last 60 years. This is borne out of the courage, dedication and resilience of our pioneers, such as Yusof Ishak, Othman Wok and Ahmad Ibrahim, to make this country home – a place where we belong. They worked alongside fellow Singaporeans to build a strong foundation for the nation and enabled us to progress as a community and society. I hope to build on the good work of our past leaders, together with our community. Since taking office as the Acting Minister-in-charge of Muslim Affairs, I have engaged widely with various segments of our community, from youth groups, arts and heritage groups, mosque committees, professionals, grassroots volunteers, Malay/Muslim organisations and many more. I am deeply grateful for the feedback and feel inspired by their ideas to strengthen our bonds, uplift lives and realise our potential. My fellow People's Action Party (PAP) Malay/Muslim MPs and I are committed to continue supporting the Malay/Muslim community. We will focus on three key areas in the years ahead. One, we will improve social and economic outcomes by nurturing strong families and investing in our children and youth.[+1 sentence] We also want to equip our workers so that they are able to seize opportunities in emerging sectors, and support our elderly to age gracefully and with dignity. Two, we will support the religious life of the Muslim community within the context of Singapore's plural society, and provide for evolving needs. This includes increasing prayer spaces, and ensuring strong religious guidance through asatizah development and the upcoming SCIS.[+1 sentence] Three, we will preserve our Malay arts, culture, and heritage which have nourished our hearts and souls over generations. With the reopening of the Malay Heritage Centre next year, we will have more opportunities to showcase our unique Singaporean Malay culture and enrich Singapore's cultural and national identity.[+2 sentences] Mr Speaker, my team and I have outlined a shared agenda and vision for our Malay/Muslim community, based on our broad engagements and consultations with the community. However, we will constantly refine it through continuous engagement with more members of our community. In tandem with rapid social and economic changes, we want to provide opportunities to every community member to be the best versions of themselves and thrive, regardless of their background, and also be able to contribute actively. We will also need new ways of integrating partnership networks with Malay-Muslim organisations and other community groups to galvanise their efforts and strengths in addressing the three focus areas that I have just outlined. As we hoist our sails to harness the winds of opportunity, I hope that we also anchor our work on three values – trust (“Amanah”), sincerity (“Ikhlas”) and gratitude (“Kesyukuran”) – which our forefathers and successive generations of leaders have embodied.[+3 sentences] Sir, the President reminded us earlier in his Address that we must aspire to be a society that puts "we" before "me", where we look beyond our individual needs. We must consider how our actions and choices contribute to the well-being of the larger society. By looking out for each other, we can go far together. Our goal for a “Stronger Future Together” is not a destination, but a continuous journey of growth, adaptation and mutual support.[+9 sentences] It is not just for the Malay/Muslim community but the whole of Singapore. Therefore, I call upon every member of our community, regardless of age, profession or background, to contribute to our shared success. Our pioneers and the past generations played a pivotal role in writing the Singapore Story. They chose to build a multiracial and multicultural society regardless of race, language or religion. Now, it is our turn to expand the Singapore Story and write the next chapter that charts the journey and progress of the Malay community, in particular, and the wider society. It encompasses our efforts to celebrate strength in diversity, forging close ties between communities to strengthen our solidarity and work alongside fellow Singaporeans. This solidarity is key in helping Singapore navigate uncertainties ahead and build an endearing home for all. Let us embark on this journey together, guided by lessons learnt and wisdom gained from past endeavours, as well as with the hopes and dreams of our community to contribute to the happiness, prosperity and progress for our nation. Thank you, and Mr Speaker, I support the Motion.
Mr Speaker3 words
[+1 sentence]Ms Mariam Jaafar.
Ms Mariam Jaafar (Sembawang)2337 words
[+3 sentences]When we speak of social mobility or inequality, we often talk about wages, jobs, housing, even cars. But we talk less about how socioeconomic background also shapes health, education and opportunity – across a lifetime. And the data is stark. In the domain of health, a 25-year-old Singaporean with below secondary education can expect to live almost six years less than a peer with higher education. Six years less time with their loved ones. Those with primary education are up to three times more likely to have diabetes, hypertension and high cholesterol.[+33 sentences] Residents in rental flats are hospitalised and re-admitted more often, even after adjusting for their conditions. And preventive care – the very thing that could break the cycle – is patchier, with fewer screenings, fewer follow-ups, fewer regular doctors. Behind these statistics are people. Like my Woodlands resident, Mr K, a lift technician and father of two who came to my Meet the People session to appeal some parking fines. His wife had walked out on the family. He works nights, so he brings his children along. They wait in the car in the unloading bay, hence the parking tickets, while he does his work. This happens a few times every night. His children lose sleep, lose focus in school and sometimes, they skip school. He himself suffers from depression but cannot afford treatment. Or Ms S, living with chronic mental illness and hypertension. She wants to work, but her workplace makes no accommodations. Each day she cannot bring herself to go in to work, she slips further away from the stability she craves. Or Mr Z, whose wife has diabetes. When the dialysis centre in Woodlands was closed for renovations and her dialysis treatments were transferred to Ghim Moh, their transport subsidy lapsed. Months of trying to re-apply failed. In despair, he asked me, "Should I just stop taking her and let her die?" Mr Speaker, when poor income, poor health and poor education reinforce each other, the cycle of disadvantage is brutal. And breaking this cycle must be a most urgent duty. We have strong foundations. KidSTART supports parents and children from the earliest years. The Uplifting Pupils in Life and Inspiring Families Task force (UPLIFT) narrows achievement gaps, improves attendance and well-being. Grow Well SG and Healthier SG help families build healthier habits and access preventive care, Age Well SG keeps our seniors active and ComLink+ brings in family coaches and Progress packages. Each is valuable. But support today is still too fragmented. Families face many schemes, many officers, many forms that strain their already strained mental bandwidth. There is a lot of coordination and referrals, fewer active interventions. Too much is left to chance – whether a child or senior shows up for vaccination, whether a family completes a form correctly. What we need are not more and more piecemeal programmes, but joined-up longitudinal pathways that follow a family through an extended period of time – structured where necessary, empowering where possible, that provides support, while building personal agency. Pathways that ensure no child, no parent, no senior falls through the cracks. I propose three pathways: an education pathway, a health pathway and a career pathway, all linked together with ComLink+. First, the education pathway. We know early childhood education is one of the strongest levers of social mobility. Yet, today, about one in four children from ComLink+ families do not attend preschool regularly.[+1 sentence] That is too high. It is time that we make preschool the default for ComLink+ families, unless they opt out.[+13 sentences] And the journey should not stop there. It must continue though primary and secondary school, not only after school and tuition, but also enrichment in arts, sports and coding, because talent is not the exclusive domain of the wealthy and must not be capped by income. Integration between KidSTART, UPLIFT and ComLink+ must be seamless – no six-month gaps, no missed transitions. A child's progress should be tracked, with early interventions when they fall behind – whether in literacy, attendance or well-being. The goal is not just to graduate more students, but to graduate them resilient and ready to seize the opportunity. Secondly, a health pathway. Here, too, we need integration. From KidSTART to Grow Well SG, to Healthier SG, to Age Well SG, a continuum of care, one longitudinal journey. Family coaches, or dedicated health coaches must go beyond health coordination and referrals. They must actively intervene. If a child misses a vaccination, reschedule it. If medication is not taken, find out why. If meals are not nutritious, connect the family to food support. Families "graduate" only when children are healthy, with acceptable body mass index (BMI) and vaccinations, adults are enrolled in Healthier SG and adhering to chronic disease plans and the family has demonstrated health literacy and food security.[+9 sentences] And for working adults, let us pilot Health Secure Jobs – workplaces where chronic illnesses or caregiving duties do not mean job losses. Instead MOH and MOM partner with employers to keep workers employed in jobs, while managing conditions like diabetes or depression, because health must not mean unemployment. Third, a career pathway. Employment remains the engine of mobility. The ComLink+ Employment Package is a step forward – with coaching, training, retention incentives and wraparound support. But we must aim higher. Jobs should not be just any job. They must provide progression, skills and dignity and build confidence. Here we can learn from the US programme "Year Up" , which offers six months of intensive training, tuition free, in skills that today's employers need followed by six months of corporate internships – coupled with mentorship, coaching, professional development and the possibility of college credit for coursework, along with stipends and other support services and essential resources, such as, housing, food, transportation and childcare to remove any barriers to participants' success. Its graduates earn significantly more – 30% more – than similar peers who did not participate six years later. And while the program structure is very resource intensive, over a seven-year study period, every $1.00 spent on" Year Up" produced a $2.46 benefit to society.[+10 sentences] A good return-on-investment. We could roll this our in Singapore, where a young person from a disadvantaged family who once felt locked out of opportunity, gains not only skills and networks, but also confidence, dignity and hope. I believe talent is Everywhere. Opportunity is sometimes not. But we can build this. The three pathways: education, healthcare and career cannot stand alone. They must be linked and linked by ComLink+. If a child struggles in school, it should trigger a check on nutrition or sleep. If health appointments are missed, it should prompt a check on school or work attendance, because no one lives life in silos, and neither should our policies. Housing is a good example. For individuals or families facing homelessness, unstable arrangements or constant conflict at home, or those who are returning from prison or institutionalization, providing stable housing by granting that rental flat or allowing that third HDB loan.[+29 sentences] It is not just about shelter. It is a health intervention. It is an education intervention. It is a social intervention. Policy must empower our offices to act holistically and not within narrow silos. If we can link the pathways effectively, we should end up achieving more by doing less. Without linking them, each silo can feel like it is pushing on a string – much effort, little outcomes – and gets pressured to invest even more in its own silo. Underpinning all of this is our care workforce: family coaches, social workers, healthcare teams. They are the ones who journey alongside families on each pathway, not for weeks, but for years. Studies have shown how having that one mentoring figure, whom you have a genuine connection with, a genuine relationship, can make all the difference in changing the life of a low-income person. We must invest in their training, understand their workload and reward them fairly. We must select and empower them to be not just case workers, but life-changers. Mr Speaker, I also want to address a point raised by the hon Member Mr Fadli Fawzi in his maiden speech yesterday, which he delivered in Malay. I listened quite carefully to it. He paints meritocracy as corrosive, an ideological belief to justify and explain away inequality and the lot of those left behind. I must disagree. Meritocracy in Singapore is not an ideology. It is a principle of fairness. The danger is not in practicing meritocracy but in abandoning it, because success would depend not on effort or talent, but on connections and privilege. That is not a "we first" society. That is a “some first” society. Our meritocracy is not a perfect system. And that is why we are here, to refine it, to strengthen it, to make sure that meritocracy in Singapore remains fair and real, not just in principle but in practice. The truth is meritocracy in Singapore has never stood still. We have broadened and deepened the definition of meritocracy precisely to address the risks Mr Fadli Fawzi raised. Let me elaborate on how this has played out in practice. First, merit is no longer exclusively seen through your exam scores and the schools you go to. Today, we have multiple pathways – university, polytechnics, the Institute of Technical Education (ITE), SkillsFuture, we have subject-based banding. Success is not one-size-fits-all. Second, we have moved from equal treatment to equitable support.[+5 sentences] Those who have less, get more help. I have talked about KidSTART, UPLIFT, Comlink+ earlier. Yes, we can push further, but all are designed to level the playing field. Third, we now explicitly recognise unequal starting points. This has been mentioned by both our Prime Minister and our President. Our policies deliberately give more subsidies in housing, healthcare and education to lower-income families.[+21 sentences] Fourth, we also now recognise that merit is not just about individual effort, but as something shaped by community, family and society. Many initiatives bring together Government, volunteers, employers to uplift families together. And among the most visible are in our Malay community, where under the auspices of M³@Towns, our "gotong royong" spirit shines through, whether it is in Kelas MateMatika (KMM), Mendaki Tuition Scheme (MTS) or youth mentoring. And lastly, we celebrate values and character, not just grades or how much money you make. At every Edusave awards, we give the Edusave Award for Achievement, Good Leadership and Service (EAGLES) award and the Edusave Character Award (ECHA) award. Resilience, service and contribution to society are part of how we define merit. What I have just described cannot possibly be seen as an elitist meritocracy. Ours is a progressive and compassionate meritocracy, one which recognizes effort and ability, while also investing heavily in those with fewer advantages and we keep improving. Framing meritocracy as an ideology risks dismissing these hard-won efforts. I do not discount that there are many families, including many in our Malay community who are really struggling. I see them at my Meet the People session. I shared some of their stories today. But there are many issues at play, that weigh families down regardless of effort or merit. And while we must keep improving our system, I humbly remember both Member Fadli Fawzi and I are, ourselves, beneficiaries of Singapore’s meritocracy. It is this system that enabled us, children from ordinary families, to study, to work and now to serve in this House. So, there is no need to disparage or dismiss the system that has uplifted and continues to uplift so many. And certainly, there is no need to mischaracterise it to our community as promoting the belief that "those who succeed are entitled to their success because they have worked hard, while those who are left behind deserve to be left behind because they have not worked hard enough". Firstly, I am sure that, like me, Member Fadli Fawzi eschews this belief. But secondly, words like this do not help families who are struggling. What helps them is when we, as leaders, acknowledge the gaps honestly and work together on solutions. This includes lingering experiences of prejudice and discrimination, perceived or otherwise. Our work to strengthen our multiculturalism is itself a work-in-progress and must continue to go on. A "we first" society is not built by tearing down the ladders of opportunity, it is built by strengthening them and adding rungs below, so no one is left behind.[+4 sentences] Sir, when I entered this House five years ago, my primary motivation was clear: to keep social mobility alive. This is not an abstract goal to me. My own journey, I know that of many in this Chamber and many, many more outside this Chamber, and it is proof of what Singapore has made possible. But 60 years after Independence, our society has changed. If we do nothing, cycles of disadvantage will harden. But if we act boldly, we can give dignity, stability and hope to every family, no matter their starting point, and benefit from the talents of our only natural resource – our people. So, we must be more ambitious and that is why I rise today, to urge us to look harder at the evidence, to think deeper about the gaps and to act with courage, using my vantage point as Chair for the Health GPC, a member of the Social and Family Development GPC and a past member of the Education GPC.[+5 sentences] The Minister of Health who is also now the Coordinating Minister for Social Policy happens to be my anchor Minister in Sembawang group representation constituency (GRC) and I seek his understanding that no matter how good a job the Government is doing on this topic, I will always press us to do more, do better. Because social mobility is not just a policy goal. It is the promise of Singapore. Mr Speaker, it is an enormous honour to stand here in this House again. I look forward to working with Members of this House to heed the President’s call.
Mr Speaker34 words
[+5 sentences]Order. I propose to take a break now. I suspend the Sitting and will take the Chair at 4 pm. Sitting accordingly suspended at 3.38 pm until 4.00 pm. Sitting resumed at 4.00 pm.
Mr Deputy Speaker7 words
[+1 sentence]Senior Minister of State Ms Sim Ann.
The Senior Minister of State for Home Affairs and Foreign Affairs (Ms Sim Ann)3414 words
[+5 sentences]Mr Deputy Speaker, I rise in support of the Motion. I will speak on how our foreign policy is adapting to geopolitical shifts and the growing presence of foreign interference, and how Singapore can remain vigilant against it. As noted by previous speakers, the global economic and strategic order is indeed shifting. As a small, open and trade-dependent country, Singapore is especially sensitised to these shifts. Let me briefly elaborate on some of the key geopolitical trends affecting us. First, great power contestation between the US and China is intensifying.[+6 sentences] The Asia Pacific region has become a primary arena of their contestation which spans trade, security, ideology and technology. The South China Sea is an example of how tensions between major powers could have direct implications for peace and prosperity in our neighbourhood. Second, geopolitical conflicts weigh heavily on the international system. Some wars continue unresolved and are difficult to end, while others have been rekindled in recent times. They have resulted in immense humanitarian suffering and generated strong emotional resonance in many countries, including ours. Such conflicts have also delayed or impaired decision-making at regional or international groupings, making cooperation more difficult. Third, nationalism and protectionism are on the rise.[+6 sentences] Countries are taking a narrower and more transactional view of their national interests. Declining strategic trust between countries has also led to increased contestation. We are seeing the fragmentation of global trade and technology ecosystems, export controls on sensitive technologies and competing standards in areas, like AI. Consequently, multilateralism and rules-based international trade are under considerable strain. These trends are keenly felt by Singapore, an open economy and global business hub, whose security and prosperity have been boosted in the post-war era by favourable conditions, such as an extended period of relative peace in Southeast Asia, a rules-based international order largely shaped by US leadership and China's success in reform and opening up. We now face greater risks, narrowed room for manoeuvre and sharpened trade-offs in our foreign policy decisions. In the face of these geopolitical shifts, it would be natural to wonder whether Singapore’s foreign policy should change significantly. But in fact, Singaporeans can expect to see more continuity, rather than change, in our foreign policy; and this is because we have never taken for granted favourable global and regional conditions.[+13 sentences] We took pains to develop a diversified diplomatic strategy, just we have built a diversified economy. The Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MFA) has invested as much effort and energy into advancing Singapore's contributions at multilateral fora and regional groupings, as we have in maintaining bilateral accounts with our partner countries, which together, constitute a broad geographical spread. We have also remained consistent in being a trusted friend and honest broker to our partners, adding value wherever we can, but also accepting the limitations of being a small country. While there will be some adjustments to our diplomacy, these will not be abrupt shifts. Let me elaborate. Mr Deputy Speaker, we are doubling down on existing international partnerships and networks. At the core of this effort is ensuring that our relationships with our closest neighbours – Malaysia, Indonesia and Brunei – remain strong, wide-ranging and forward-looking. We have embarked on long-term projects to enhance connectivity and strengthen economic and people-to-people ties, such as the Johor-Singapore Special Economic Zone (SEZ) and the Rapid Transit System (RTS) Link. We will also expand our partnership into emerging areas like renewable energy and human capital development. ASEAN remains a cornerstone of our foreign policy. Deeper economic integration within ASEAN remains vital to unlocking the vast potential of our region. We will work towards this by upgrading and fully implementing our trade agreements, deepening cross-border digital frameworks, developing the ASEAN Power Grid and advancing green economy standards. We will also expand ASEAN's network of partnerships, ensure key international players have a stake in our region's success and maintain an open, inclusive and ASEAN-centred regional architecture. Singapore's upcoming chairmanship of ASEAN in 2027, which coincides with ASEAN's 60th anniversary, will be an important opportunity for us to help amplify ASEAN's voice, effectiveness and relevance globally.[+5 sentences] We have built strong relations with major powers over the years and will continue to do so. The US is our top trading partner in services and our largest foreign investor. We are also the US' only Major Security Cooperation Partner. China is our top trading partner in goods and we are China's largest foreign investor. Our bilateral interactions with China are multi-tiered, led by the Joint Council for Bilateral Coorperation at the Deputy Prime Minister level, and comprising three government-to-government projects and eight province-level economic councils. We see much potential to advance mutually beneficial bilateral cooperation between Singapore and the US and between Singapore and China, in multiple areas. However, the space for us to do more together would narrow if US-China contestation were to escalate.[+2 sentences] We must remain clear-eyed and have the resolve to make decisions that are in Singapore's long-term national interest. We have also been deepening strategic relationships with other partners, such as Japan, the Republic of Korea (ROK), India, the European Union (EU), Australia and New Zealand. We have strong economic and security cooperation with Japan and the ROK, as well as a like-minded approach towards free trade. I look forward to the upgrading of our relations with the ROK to a Strategic Partnership next month. With India, we upgraded relations to a Comprehensive Strategic Partnership and are working to expand collaboration in forward-looking areas, such as digitalisation, connectivity, advanced manufacturing, fintech and space.[+4 sentences] With the EU, our Free Trade Agreement and latest Digital Trade Agreement have given Singapore businesses preferential access to one of the world's largest markets, while our cooperation in sustainability and green transition opens up new areas of growth. As we embark on the next round of our Comprehensive Strategic Partnership with Australia, we are exploring initiatives with a regional focus, as well as collaborations in frontier areas, like critical technologies and space. With New Zealand, we are upgrading our Enhanced Partnership to a Comprehensive Strategic Partnership with significant initiatives across the defence, trade and economic, and supply chain and connectivity pillars. By anchoring trusted partnerships across different regions, we will reduce our exposure to volatility, such as supply chain disruptions, and strengthen our national resilience in key domains, such as defence, energy and technology, and continue to serve as a "safe deposit box", not just for capital but also technology and innovation, and be a trusted and secure node in the global network, where ideas, data and partnerships are protected, nurtured and scaled. Singapore has also been building new partnerships and networks with countries in emerging regions of growth, such as Africa, Central Asia, the Middle East and South America, to avail our companies of new opportunities and partnership, and nurture coalitions among the like-minded to pursue shared objectives. We are planning to open new diplomatic missions in Africa and Latin America in the coming years.[+7 sentences] In addition, through our Development Partnerships Directorate, MFA will enhance the Singapore Cooperation Programme to share Singapore's experience and best practices in areas where we have relevant strengths. This is part of our diplomatic toolkit to deepen relationships with partners. And when humanitarian crises strike, we will contribute where we can and seek to deliver practical assistance to alleviate the immense civilian suffering and displacement. We have done so when a magnitude 7.7 earthquake struck central Myanmar in March 2025 and are providing ongoing aid to the civilians in Gaza, something that we discussed in this House yesterday. The rules-based international order may be under strain, but many countries still believe that there is more to be gained from cooperation than contestation and that like-minded partners can continue to cooperate on initiatives like digital economy agreements, green economy partnerships and global governance initiatives, albeit on a smaller scale, and we are among them. This is why we will do our utmost to support multi-lateral institutions, enhance international law, contribute to global governance discussions and promote peaceful dispute resolution. We contribute actively to the development of global norms, by leading groupings like the Forum of Small States and the Global Governance Group, to discuss issues affecting small states and to champion practical cooperation on issues, such as respect for international law, climate change adaptation and digital transformation. Singapore's chairmanship of the Open-Ended Working Group on Cybersecurity at the United Nations (UN), from 2021 to 2025, led to the establishment of a UN Global Mechanism on Cybersecurity.[+4 sentences] The Agreement on Marine Biodiversity in Areas Beyond National Jurisdiction agreement, successfully concluded under the leadership of Ambassador Rena Lee as President of the Intergovernmental Conference, has just crossed the threshold of 60 state ratifications and will soon enter into force. Singapore has also made contributions to the world Intellectual Property Office (WIPO) Treaty on Intellectual Property, Genetic Resources and Associated Traditional Knowledge, and the Paris Agreement on Climate Change, particularly, the development of carbon markets. Singapore will also continue taking up leadership roles in international bodies where we have significant expertise. For example, at the International Civil Aviation Organization, the International Maritime Organization, the Commission on Narcotic Drugs and WIPO, as mentioned earlier. To this end, the Singapore Government has nominated Ambassador for International Law Rena Lee as a candidate for Judge on the International Court of Justice; and Mr Daren Tang for re-election as the Director-General of WIPO, with both elections taking place in 2026.[+10 sentences] Mr Deputy Speaker, I turn now to foreign interference and hybrid threats, an increasingly prominent feature in this contested global landscape. To be sure, countries have long interfered in other countries' domestic politics, overtly or covertly, to advance their own interests. This is not new. What is new is the landscape in which foreign actors conduct these operations. The ubiquitous digital environment and development of advanced digital tools have supercharged their ability to mount hostile information campaigns (HICs) to advance their interests. By exploiting the internet, digital and social media, foreign actors can mount HICs at scale, speed and precision. Colleagues may have heard of the "sprinter" network, a complex web of fake accounts that spread disinformation on the war in Ukraine, manipulated public opinion and amplified politically-charged content. There is even disinformation-for-hire. In 2023, the Guardian uncovered a team of contractors that conduct disinformation operations for private companies, intelligence agencies and political campaigns. With a diverse population that is highly digitally connected, Singapore is an attractive and vulnerable target. Last July, MHA had to issue Account Restriction Directions under the Foreign Interference (Countermeasures) Act (or FICA) to block a network of social media accounts alleging that Singapore was in the pocket of a foreign actor, and that the foreign actor was behind the selection of Singapore's fourth generation leader.[+1 sentence] The network could have been used to mount other HICs against Singapore. In October 2024, the Government blocked 10 websites set up by foreign actors masquerading as Singapore websites, including by using AI to generate content with local features.[+3 sentences] At the same time, traditional methods of interference continue apace, through local and influential proxies. In 2024, the US arrested and charged a former CIA analyst for allegedly acting as an agent for a foreign country, while an Australian court convicted a businessman for secretly attempting to improperly influence an Australian federal minister through donations, in order to advance the aims of a foreign power. Singapore is not immune to these examples of interference. MHA has therefore taken preventive measures, one of which was to define persons who are directly involved in Singapore’s political processes, including Members of Parliament, and designating several other individuals, as Politically Significant Persons under FICA.[+4 sentences] Transparency requirements and reporting are imposed on these individuals. Foreign interference tactics will evolve and grow in sophistication. They touch on our everyday lives – through what we see, hear and read in an increasingly permeable infospace. Our defences must therefore grow stronger too. To this end, MHA plans to amend FICA to update and strengthen our levers to address foreign interference threats.[+4 sentences] Mr Deputy Speaker, foreign interference aims to weaken the targeted country, for instance by sowing division and internal strife. It could also aim to influence the targeted country’s policies, including its foreign policy. Vigilance against foreign interference is therefore a shared concern of Governments and foreign policy circles throughout the world. But this does not mean that we discourage the public from learning about and discussing foreign policy. On the contrary, we would like Singaporeans to continue being interested in and knowledgeable about global affairs, because it affects our security and prosperity. MFA is stepping up engagement efforts with domestic audiences, including students, youths and businesses, through closed-door dialogue sessions and workshops to help Singaporeans better understand Singapore’s operating context and foreign policy considerations.[+30 sentences] Even as we consume and exchange views on foreign policy, let us remain alert to the possibility of external attempts to influence our foreign policy by shaping our people’s perception of, and support for it. Through manipulating public sentiments, including through local opinion leaders, in addition to spreading misinformation and fake news. We encourage Singaporeans to be discerning about the news and messages we are constantly receiving, including on social media, from a wide variety of sources. Always question what you see, hear or read – ask where the information came from; is it true and what is the intent? I would like to share a few scenarios where it would be particularly useful for Singaporeans to exercise more vigilance and remind others to do so too. First, where discussions grow emotional. Inflamed sentiments can hamper judgement and create rifts between groups of Singaporeans that are hard to repair, especially if race and religion are involved. Let us maintain calm and mutual respect when discussing current affairs, including global developments. Second, where discussions centre around which countries Singapore should be closer to, or which countries’ lead Singapore should be following. Such chatter, though not uncommon, does not reflect how Singapore conducts foreign policy. Those who find themselves in such conversations could gently remind their friends and associates that Singapore bases our foreign policy on our national interests. Third, where leaders of local institutions and groupings or those with a following, find themselves commenting publicly on international developments. In such instances, it would be useful to consider the content carefully beforehand, and check if it can be construed to mean anything other than the view of a Singaporean who is well-versed in our national interests. Mr Deputy Speaker, over the past weekend, I spoke to a group of mostly young people who attended a workshop that unpacks how foreign actors might seek to interfere in another nation’s policies against the nation’s interests and I was heartened that they were so keen to know more about Singapore’s approach to foreign policy And supportive of the need to safeguard Singapore’s autonomy and agency in a complex world. Through more of such engagements, I hope that youths and community leaders can spread the word in their own circles. Mr Deputy Speaker, foreign policy starts at home; we have repeated this many times in Parliament because it is not an abstract slogan, but a vital shield. Singapore’s relevance to the world depends on our ability to create value. We can be reliable and trusted by other countries only if we remain principled and consistent. We can only achieve this if we speak with one united voice and this stems from domestic stability as well as public trust in the Government. If our social fabric frays, our international credibility will weaken. Malignant actors may seek to exploit our divisions for their own interests. Support for our foreign policy does not mean unconditional agreement with all decisions, but a shared commitment among Singaporeans to safeguarding Singapore’s sovereignty and long-term national interests. National unity and domestic support allow our leaders to stand firm under external pressure, to say no when it matters most and to negotiate confidently on behalf of all Singaporeans to protect and advance our interests. The Government will continue to do its part through legislation, broadening education and regular engagements with different segments of society to raise awareness and understanding of our foreign policy considerations and Singapore’s global contributions. But more crucially, we must, as a nation and as a people, be alive to attempts by foreign actors to interfere in our politics, policies and way of life. Legislative levers can only do so much, and they are often brought into play only ex-post. The ultimate line of defence against foreign interference is an aware and discerning people. Mr Deputy Speaker, in Mandarin, please. (In Mandarin): Mr Deputy Speaker, the international order is being weakened day-by-day, the world is also not very peaceful. Under such circumstances, we need to guard against foreign interference and hybrid threats. MHA plans to amend FICA to strengthen our levers to address foreign interference threats.[+6 sentences] There are many objectives for conducting foreign interference. Foreign interference aims to weaken the targeted country, for instance by sowing division and internal strife. It could also aim to influence the targeted country’s policies, including its foreign policy. Vigilance against foreign interference is therefore a shared concern of governments and foreign policy circles throughout the world. But this does not mean that we discourage Singaporeans from learning about international developments and discussing foreign policy. On the contrary, we would like Singaporeans to continue being interested in and knowledgeable about global affairs, because it affects our security and prosperity. Therefore, MFA is stepping up engagement efforts with Singaporeans, including students, youths and businesses, to help them better understand Singapore’s operating context and foreign policy considerations.[+12 sentences] Even as Singaporeans consume and exchange views on foreign policy, we need to remain alert to the possibility of external attempts to influence our people’s understanding of international developments and change their perception of, and support for Singapore’s foreign policy. This could be done through manipulating public sentiments, including through local opinion leaders, as well as spreading misinformation and fake news. We encourage Singaporeans to be discerning about the news and messages we are constantly receiving, including on social media, from a wide variety of sources. There are a few scenarios where it would be particularly useful for Singaporeans to exercise more vigilance and remind others around them to do so too. First, where discussions grow emotional, inflamed sentiments can hamper judgement and create rifts between groups of Singaporeans that are hard to repair, especially when sensitive topics such as race and religion are involved. Let us maintain calm and mutual respect when discussing current affairs, including global developments. Second, where discussions centre around which countries Singapore should be closer to, or which countries’ lead Singapore should follow. Such chatter, though not uncommon, does not reflect how Singapore conducts foreign policy. Those who find themselves in such conversations could gently remind the speakers that Singapore bases our foreign policy on our national interests. Third, where leaders of local social and business institutions comment publicly on international developments. In such instances, it would be useful to consider the content carefully beforehand and check if it can be construed to mean anything other than the views of a Singaporean well-versed in Singapore’s national interests. Mr Deputy Speaker, “foreign policy starts at home” is not an abstract slogan but represents a vital shield for Singapore. Singapore can be reliable and trusted by other countries only if we remain principled and consistent.[+4 sentences] We can only achieve this if we speak with one united voice. This stems from domestic stability as well as public trust in the Government. If our social fabric frays, our international credibility will weaken. Malignant actors may seek to exploit our divisions for their own interests. Support for our foreign policy does not mean unconditional agreement with all foreign policy decisions, but a shared commitment to safeguard Singapore’s sovereignty and long-term national interests. National unity and domestic support allow our leaders to to stand firm under external pressure, to say no when it matters most, and to negotiate confidently on behalf of all Singaporeans to protect and advance our interests. : Mr Deputy Speaker, we are facing uncertain times, but Singapore has never been fatalistic.[+4 sentences] We have agency. We have succeeded by staying united at home, relevant abroad and nimble in adapting to change. I believe that with the trust and support of our people, we can continue to secure a better global future for Singapore and Singaporeans. Mr Deputy Speaker, I support the Motion.
Mr Deputy Speaker19 words
[+1 sentence]Mr Fadli Fawzi, you have a clarification of a speech given by a Member in this debate, do you?
Mr Fadli Fawzi (Aljunied)2 words
[+1 sentence]Yes, Sir.
Mr Deputy Speaker2 words
[+1 sentence]Which Member?
Mr Fadli Fawzi7 words
[+1 sentence]On the hon Member Mariam Jaafar's speech.
Mr Deputy Speaker1 words
[+1 sentence]Proceed.
Mr Fadli Fawzi82 words
[+2 sentences]Mr Speaker, I believe that the hon Member has mischaracterised what I said in my speech. I did not say to abandon meritocracy. What I was saying was that meritocracy, when it is taken to the extreme, it discourages our solidarity with the vulnerable.[+2 sentences] And I believe even in her speech, she gave a lot of examples of the people who are falling through the cracks of the system. And I think, ultimately, these are the people who both are advocating for.
Mr Deputy Speaker10 words
[+1 sentence]Ms Mariam Jaafar, would you like to respond to that?
Ms Mariam Jaafar96 words
[+3 sentences]Thank you, Deputy Speaker. I think the Member now says that his point was if meritocracy is taken to the extreme. But that is precisely the problem of his argument. In Singapore, we do not take meritocracy to the extreme. We adapt it, we make it work and we are practical in our application of meritocracy. [restates an earlier point]As I said in my speech, I do not discount that there are people who are really struggling.[+2 sentences] I meet them every day and I try my best to help them every day. But you cannot blame that on meritocracy.
Mr Deputy Speaker15 words
[+4 sentences]Mr Fadli Fawzi, do you have a clarification of that? Proceed. Mr Fadli? Proceed, please.
The Coordinating Minister for Social Policies and Minister for Health (Mr Ong Ye Kung)4213 words
[+10 sentences]I will try my best to keep it within 40 minutes. Mr Deputy Speaker, I rise in support of the Motion. At each Opening of Parliament after a General Election (GE), it is customary for the PAP Government to reflect on our continuing political journey, what the people have told us with their votes during the GE. We then take stock of where we are, and what we need to do from here. This is what I will do today. GE2025 was held against a global backdrop of war and uncertainty. It was also the first GE since the leadership transition. The stakes were therefore very high, as the outcome would shape how Singapore responds to the challenges ahead and would set the tone for our politics over the next five years. It was a hard-fought election. In the end, Singaporeans made a decisive choice. Singaporeans gave the PAP a clear mandate to govern. We held our ground and increased our vote share from 2020. At the same time, the WP consolidated their ground in the constituencies they won in 2020 and increased their representation in Parliament by gaining two Non-Constituency Member of Parliament (NCMP) seats.[+45 sentences] We are witnessing first-hand this outcome reflected in the Chamber today. The PAP, with a decisive majority, and in a position to act fast and adapt to changes in our environment, for the benefit of Singaporeans. And at the same time, the WP is now the only opposition party in Parliament, with a sizeable presence to provide a check on the ruling party. This is the outcome Singaporeans chose. Voters have clear expectations of the role they want each party to play: the PAP, as the Government they want; and the WP, as the opposition they want. Each party now has the important task of fulfilling the roles the electorate expects of us. How we perform our respective roles will influence our nation's political development. This is just as critical as our economic or social development. Because having the right politics that preserves our values, and maintains trust in the system of governance, is essential. It helps keep our social order intact and allows individuals and communities to flourish. Without the right politics, our society will be broken, and no amount of economic growth or Government programmes will be able to put things right. So, what is right for Singapore? And how, should we, as elected representatives, do right by Singapore and Singaporeans? As we reflect on GE2025, these are my key takeaways and there are four. First, GE2025 showed that Singaporeans value a stable and effective Government that will safeguard our well-being. The uncertain global and economic environment was undoubtedly on Singaporeans' minds when we went to the polls. Voters therefore leaned towards stability, choosing a government with a proven track record of steering the country through crises. We did so after "September 11", the Global Financial Crisis and the COVID-19 pandemic. Given the global circumstances, I believe Singaporeans also want a government that not just takes care of domestic concerns, but also defends Singapore's interests on the global stage, ensuring that Singapore stands tall among the community of nations. We, on this side of the House, therefore cannot be complacent. We will continue to step up our efforts to engage Singaporeans, understand the people's concerns and address them. We will uphold the PAP's ethos, always think and plan long-term, to serve the current and future generations of Singaporeans. The second lesson is that our political system is still evolving. The GE2025 results show that Singaporeans want the PAP to remain in Government and to act decisively for Singapore. At the same time, the people also want an opposition in Parliament, as an alternative voice, and to provide a check on the Government. Let me share a story. Not long after GE, I went to a coffeeshop, queuing up for "tze char". After I ordered, I chatted with fellow patrons, a middle-aged couple. They turned out to be my residents. They said they live in Sembawang. And we had a good chat. They were very friendly to me. They said opposite their house, Bukit Canberra, there were a wonderful swimming pool, a polyclinic and a hawker centre. And finally, when they got their food, they were leaving, they said, "Minister, I want to tell you. I did not vote for you because we have to give the opposition a chance". After all that friendly talk. But this is the reality the PAP is facing. We may work hard, we deliver for residents, who may even say they like us. Yet, they vote for the opposition, while expecting that the PAP will still return to government. Voters like this couple did not form the majority in Sembawang during GE2025. If their numbers had been bigger, I might not be standing here today, neither will Ms Mariam Jaafar. The PAP understands and accepts our voters' desires for an opposition. That is why after GE2020, then-Prime Minister Lee formalised the position of the Leader of the Opposition. In GE2025, even before the campaign began, we said that the chances of an opposition wipeout were zero and we were right. The election outcome suggests that Singaporeans are judiciously balancing between having PAP as government and an opposition presence as a check and balance. Calls for one-third of the seats to be held by the opposition did not sway voters.[+3 sentences] The WP, in fact, deliberately chose to contest fewer than one-third of the seats. I do not think this was solely for lack of suitable candidates. It was a considered, strategic decision, reading the mood of the electorate. Collectively, Singaporeans decided to maintain the Parliamentary composition of the previous term.[+14 sentences] I infer that voters must have felt that it worked well for Singapore in the previous term of Government. After all, with a decisive majority, the PAP attended to important matters of the state and could guide Singapore through a devastating pandemic crisis. On issues such as cost of living, the opposition amplified ground concerns in Parliament. Each played the role the public expected. Through GE2025, I believe voters are saying to us, "Make this composition work for Singapore once again". Any future shift from this current composition will, no doubt, be carefully weighed by Singaporeans. Voters' judgement will depend on many factors, such as the quality of the candidates on both sides, the performance of the PAP as the ruling party in leading the country, our sensitivity and response to ground concerns, the performance of the WP as a responsible opposition voice, as they characterise themselves and the standards of honesty and integrity displayed by both parties. This is a dynamic balance. It is not fixed in stone. It is quite possible other opposition parties besides the WP will come in the next time. They certainly are working hard to remain players. This is part of our political evolution. The third lesson is that Singaporeans continue to be moderate and pragmatic in our political philosophy. Voters expect our politics and politicians to reflect that. Significantly, we did not see the surge in populism that has occurred in many countries.[+20 sentences] To be clear, every politician hopes to be popular. But to be a populist and practise populism, that is entirely a different thing. Populists tend to employ an "us versus them" framing, which pits one group against another. They gain support by presenting themselves as champions of "the people", standing up fighting against elites, the institutions, or outsiders. Further, populists offer simplistic solutions to complex problems and appeal mostly to emotions. Upon closer scrutiny, people will realise these simplistic solutions do not work. But when people are disillusioned and they are disgruntled, they hope for a silver bullet and they may give these simplistic solutions a chance. Across the world, we have seen the rise of populism. It can be on the extreme left; it can be on the extreme right. For example, left-wing populism has a long history in Argentina – heavy taxes on the rich and on businesses to fund social spending, and a fight for labour rights. There is nothing inherently wrong with those positions and those policies. But when pushed to the extreme, businesses in Argentina prefer to go elsewhere. Jobs are destroyed, confidence evaporates, the currency collapses, and the economy goes into a tailspin. In the end, the workers and the ordinary people are the ones who suffer. This has happened to Argentina many times over the decades, but the populist movement persists in the country. More common now is right-wing, far-right populism, often attributed to higher levels of immigration. We see it in the US, in Europe, in United Kingdom (UK), even in Australia and Japan. When the population starts to feel uncomfortable with the size of the inflow of immigrants, far-right politicians seize the opportunity to stoke nativist and anti-immigrant sentiments. Populism takes societies on the road to ruin, creating irreconcilable rifts between communities, and fuelling xenophobia and racism. With no consideration for the long-term consequences or broader impact on society, eventually, either their fiscal system goes broke, or the society breaks apart. Let us not think Singapore is immune to populism.[+11 sentences] We have witnessed populism in this Chamber too. This is for the benefit of new Members. Soon after GE2020, there were allegations by the Progress Singapore Party (PSP) that our Free Trade Agreement (FTA) with India, the Comprehensive Economic Cooperation Agreement (CECA), allowed professionals from India "a free hand" to come work in Singapore, and that was the cause of the employment challenges faced by Singaporean professionals. It was a seductive and simplistic argument, which took on an ugly racial tone. CECA-themed websites sprouted, filled with disturbing xenophobic views. Minister Shanmugam called out the behaviour in Parliament. I was a former trade negotiator. I knew that the allegations were false, and I volunteered to deliver a Ministerial Statement on how FTA works, to debate the PSP and to clear the air. Then Minister Tan See Leng explained what the Government was doing to address the challenges faced by Singaporean professionals, which were not caused by the FTAs. More constructive engagement helps build up our defences against populism. But the best defence against populism is for the people to reject it. To our great relief, that was what happened during GE2025. No party or candidate won any seat by proposing unsustainable social welfare programmes, tearing down institutions, or by stoking anti-foreigner sentiments.[+6 sentences] Instead, our better angels prevailed. But we must understand this: populism does not appear out of nowhere or out of thin air. It arises from genuine, understandable concerns among the people, over the inequality they see in society, or excessive competition for jobs and space from foreigners. Hence, the seeds of populism exist in every society. The question is whether these seeds are allowed to take root and grow. Anyone who peddles soft, partial truths, easy but incomplete solutions, waters these seeds; anyone who refuses the hard cognitive work of formulating rational policies provides fertile ground for the seeds. The PAP government's job is to be keenly aware of what Singaporeans may be concerned about, address these concerns early, openly, and sensibly, and not let them fester and turn into something ugly that feeds populism. We did that hard work during the last term of government and we will continue to do so. I should also add that although we kept populism at bay during GE2025, we came dangerously close when race and religion got mixed with politics.[+18 sentences] The Prime Minister himself had to call this out in the middle of the campaign. If things had played out differently, there would have been dire and lasting implications for the unity, harmony and very fabric of Singaporean society. We will have more to say about this later in this debate. The final lesson from this GE is that Singaporeans are holding political parties to higher standards. This includes demanding more substantive information and arguments during an election. Digital media is here to stay. It has led to a torrent of memes and attention-grabbing short videos popping up online, especially during the campaign. Many offer nothing more than a moment of entertainment or an emotional outlet. Some amount of such froth and frivolity is unavoidable during election season. But I do not think that the average voter has therefore become frivolous as a result. On the contrary, Singaporeans are becoming more discerning, demanding quality information on policies put forth by various parties. The fact that Singaporeans take their duty as voters seriously was particularly apparent during GE2025, when voters attended rallies, if they missed these, they watched them online, some watched a second time Many turned to long-form podcasts, invested time to listen to candidates’ motivations and opinions; they left thoughtful comments and suggestions for candidates to think about. Voters showed us that they are not easily persuaded by slogans or catchy phrases alone. They carefully weighed in-depth opinions and substantive explanations of policy proposals; while populist and simplistic proposals were treated with suspicion. This willingness to take the time and trouble over political issues that we saw emerge during GE2025 may well be the defining characteristic of the Singaporean voter, but we cannot take it for granted. Shortly after the hustings, the Leader of the Opposition appeared on a podcast with Keluar Sekejap in Malaysia and said that the PAP avoided engaging on difficult issues during the campaign. I have a different view from Mr Pritam Singh. In fact, I think there was substantive discourse during the GE2025 campaign. When the issue of Goods and Services Tax (GST) came up again during the GE, the Prime Minister repeated the reasons for the increase.[+24 sentences] Ministers spoke at rallies and went on podcasts to further explain our policy positions. The fact that the subject of GST did not catch fire during the campaign does not mean there was no discourse. It means that the PAP’s explanations went at least some way to soothe people’s natural unhappiness over a tax increase. Hence, more importantly, political discourse should not just happen during election campaigns. A hallmark of good governance is sustaining it throughout the term. And we have been engaging Singaporeans in this House, in and outside this House, on issues such as housing, cost of living and immigration. The WP themselves participated actively when we have debates in this Chamber. As politics in Singapore mature, this is what Singaporeans expect. They want to hear different perspectives, and see a contest of good ideas, so that the best ones can be used to take Singapore forward. This is a much more meaningful discourse. This is why alternative visions and pathways matter. The PAP has its set of governing principles and policies to take Singapore forward. Opposition parties can play an important role by setting out their long-term ideas, presenting clear alternative visions for governance, and outlining the pathways and policies to get there. For alternatives to be meaningful, they must go beyond tweaking at the margins of Government proposals, or simply jumping on the bandwagon every time an issue goes viral. Singaporeans want to see clear, well-considered visions that allow them to weigh real choices about our nation’s future. We see this dynamic institutionalised in other mature democracies. In the UK for example, the Tories were in favour of Brexit; while Labour was pro-EU. There was a referendum, Tories won. In Germany, the Christian Democratic Union is more conservative; the Social Democratic Party leans towards social spending; the Greens champion environmental sustainability. In the US, the Republicans traditionally favour low taxes and a small government; the Democrats, the opposite. These distinct futures entail very different sets of policies. Such as how government taxes and spends, how it grows the economy and creates jobs, tackles inequality, brings about greater social mobility, or protects the environment. Different political parties ought to make clear these differences in their pitch to voters. The WP has perhaps done this from time to time. For example, calling for zero growth in the number of foreign workers as opposed to a controlled inflow; or their preference for other forms of direct taxes instead of the broad-based GST; or spending more of the income from reserves on the current generation of Singaporeans, instead of an equal apportionment between current and future generations, which is the PAP’s position. The Leader of Opposition had mentioned in a podcast I heard, describes Singapore as a "1.5 party system", with WP as the 0.5. I feel that if WP is positioning itself as the 0.5 in the 1.5 party system, I think it needs to present a principled, consistent and coherent approach to the main challenges facing Singapore.[+3 sentences] In a maturing democracy, voters deserve and want more than positions that agree with the PAP’s policies in general but suggest "let’s do a bit more", or offer something that appears to be more generous, more compassionate, and yet requires fewer hard choices. This falls short of being a real alternative. A real alternative promises gains with accompanying trade-offs, so that voters can make informed decisions and not be lulled into comforting illusions. The PAP, for example, we say we must continue to fund healthcare with an ageing population, and to afford that GST has got to go up.[+4 sentences] That is a real proposal. In a mature democracy, these are the kinds of issues that should form the substance of political debate. It should be a design feature, not a bug. That way, a vote for the PAP is not just a vote for a government that is decisive and nimble, but also an endorsement of the PAP’s principles and tried and tested methods of governance. A vote for the opposition is not just a vote for checks and balances, but also the policies and directions that will follow from that vote. I should further underscore that each vote is also an endorsement of the character and commitment of the candidates standing behind the party’s banner.[+31 sentences] This is how our democracies should work. And if voters vote wisely, this is how we can continue to strengthen trust, accountability and good governance in Singapore. Mr Deputy Speaker, Sir, in the lead-up to and during the hustings, I appeared as a guest on several podcasts. On one of them, the host asked me, in all seriousness: "Why can’t the political parties just get along? Someone come with a good idea, you say 'That is a good idea, lets work on it together.' Why can't you do that?" My response to him was along the following lines, but today I am elaborating a little bit. Humans are the only living things capable of living in large and complex societies, where different groups with diverse, sometimes diametrically opposed interests, aspirations and affiliations can co-exist peacefully. One might hope that such harmony be a perpetual state of affairs. But harmony is never guaranteed. In fact, in the earlier civilisations, humans formed tribes and kingdoms to compete against and kill one another. Tragically, this is still happening in some societies today. Our ability to co-exist in complex societies rests primarily on good governance. In societies with the right preconditions, democracy plays a big part. Various groups find their representation in political parties which then contest elections. The winners secure a mandate to govern in line with the vision and plans that they campaigned on. Not everyone will be happy with the outcome, but in a mature democracy, the minority will accept what the majority have chosen. The majority may also make compromises so that the minority can better accept the outcomes. As for the parties that lost, they will bide their time, and hope to topple the winner in the next electoral cycle. This is how a democracy works. What would have been brutal wars and bloodshed amongst competing factions is now replaced by political debate and a democratic contest between political parties. Better jaw-jaw than war-war. Contest, debate, compromises and political parties trying to outdo each other are therefore inherent to our society and system of governance. It was a serious response to a serious question on the podcast. My hosts made light of it, but I think they were disappointed, even worried. They may have good cause to be. We have seen, elsewhere, how political contestation has hardened into divisive politics often tied to identity and driven deep wedges between communities. Voters and politicians alike take increasingly polarised positions. Politics then turns into an all-out struggle. The result is entrenched division and lasting discord. But this need not be the inevitable outcome of political contest. The true test of a good system of governance lies in its ability to hold a diverse society together despite disagreements, thereby strengthening unity and cohesion.[+5 sentences] To do this, society must get its politics right. All of us in this Parliament have a role to play, by conducting ourselves in a manner worthy of the trust Singaporeans have placed in us. I have gone through my takeaways from GE2025 to remind us of what these roles are. To my fellow Singaporeans, I say: continue to be discerning, demanding of information, insights and alternative visions and pathways for the nation, so that collectively, we can decide the kind of future we want, and who best to lead us there. To my fellow MPs, I say: address the needs of our residents at the local level; discharge our roles as legislators in this Chamber; and most importantly, perform our duties with integrity and with honour. As for the PAP, the ruling party, we will always strive to address issues that are of deep concern to Singaporeans. We commit ourselves to be a Government for all Singaporeans, including those who did not vote for us, like the couple I met at the tze char stall, including those who are too young to vote, including the future generations yet to be born.[+5 sentences] We must uphold the principles of governance that brought us here. We must recognise the trade-offs in every policy move and carefully balance the various considerations and then explain to the people our decision. Above all, we must always think long term for Singapore. And as for the WP, I hope you are, as you have described yourself, a loyal and responsible opposition, deserving of your significant presence in Parliament. That means remaining loyal to Singapore, to our people and to the national values that have brought us peace, stability and progress over the last 60 years. As the sole Opposition party in Parliament, the WP must justify its standing and develop its own alternative vision, policies and pathways for Singapore.[+2 sentences] An alternative path and vision are the essence of democratic discourse, and also what a more discerning and informed populace expects to see. And there are some cardinal rules that all political parties must abide by, whether in or out of Parliament. Integrity in politics is crucial, on both sides of the aisle. Singaporeans have come to expect high standards of honesty and accountability from the government and the governing party. These same standards must apply to opposition parties, particularly those which present themselves as a serious alternative.[+7 sentences] Whether it is the Prime Minister or the Leader of the Opposition, the same standards must be upheld, both by the persons themselves and by the public. Unfortunately, from time to time, we will have members that commit acts that are unethical, even illegal. Human nature being what it is, no political party is immune to that. But when that happens, how we respond as a political party matters. We need to acknowledge the shortcomings, take decisive actions, take responsibility, reflect and do what is necessary to prevent future occurrences. We have an overriding duty to preserve the integrity of our institutions and of the political system as a whole. The President also spoke about needing to prioritise our unity and resisting any politics that seeks to divide Singapore and Singaporeans. Regardless of which side of the House we sit on, we must never allow foreign actors to influence what is for Singaporeans to decide. We must not exploit foreign controversies for domestic political advantage, nor allow foreigners to exploit our domestic politics to drive a wedge in our society.[+12 sentences] We must protect our common space. Reject populism. Never pit one group against another, nor sacrifice the common good for narrow interests or short-term political gains. I hope everyone in this Chamber will agree with what I just outlined. It is my sincere wish that both sides of this House will come together in this long-term endeavour to forge a strong system of governance for Singapore and all Singaporeans, regardless of race, language, religion, or political affiliation. Only then, can politics truly serve the greater good of our country. Only then, will we continue to draw strength from our diversity, as we always have so far. That is, and must remain, our unique Singapore advantage. That way, Singapore will be better governed than most. We will stand tall in the world. We will remain proud to be Singaporeans – who sing the same national anthem, recite the same pledge, and call this little red dot home. And we will know, deep in our hearts, that we are unbreakable as one people.
Mr Deputy Speaker21 words
[+2 sentences]Leader of the Opposition, you have a clarification of the speech by the Minister? It is a clarification of the speech?
Mr Pritam Singh (Aljunied)5 words
[+1 sentence]I have three clarifications —
Mr Deputy Speaker2 words
[+1 sentence]Please proceed.
Mr Pritam Singh552 words
[+2 sentences]Clarifications for the hon Minister. I must say I never expected a report card of the PAP performance and GE2025, so I will respond as how the Minister delivered his speech in that order as far as I can. The Minister made a point that at the conclusion of the elections, the PAP will work hard for those who did not vote for it as well. I second that position because immediately when the results were announced, when I thanked voters of Aljunied GRC, I made the same point to the voters in Aljunied GRC: you may not have voted the WP – and about 40% of them did not – my commitment to them, as was the commitment I made to them in 2020, was we would serve them equally.[+7 sentences] Taking that as my preamble, the first point I would like to make is about a point I know the PAP harps on a lot, which is a demand for alternative policies, ideas and so forth. The Minister spoke about mature democracies, he used the example of political systems in the UK, in Germany, real choices. We have to look at both these societies as what they are and how deep the political systems are compared to ours. We have had a one-party dominant system since Independence. These two societies are very different, so it is inevitable that alternatives would be a key function of what each of these parties – be it democratic socialists, christian socialists, labour, conservatives – what they bring to the voter in their societies. Our system is very different. We deal with significant asymmetries of information. I move onto the next point the Minister made. He made it a little bit earlier about the WP in his view, in his opinion, deliberately choosing to contest less than one third of the seats. We had roughly, if I remember correctly, one and a half months from the time the electoral boundaries report was released and Nomination Day – thereabouts.[+6 sentences] In that time the opposition, specifically the WP, we have got to organise the individuals we have, the members we have, and persuade them to stand for the GE. It is a short period of time, and in that period of time, you also have to deal with the reality of new single member constituencies (SMCs), sometimes new GRCs. So, we are not clairvoyant. Unlike the Government, we do not have the capacity to conduct survey after survey to understand where the population is on certain issues. So, the realities are quite different. But in spite of that, I take the Minister's point that Singaporeans want an alternative and since they want an alternative, we do our best to present it to them. We put together some collaterals for members of the public to review, put together a manifesto, where we differ from the PAP, and put together our ideas for the voter to consider. I disagree with the Minister when he says there is no chance of an opposition wipeout.[+1 sentence] In the circumstances that the PAP is in, and the opposition are in in Singapore, given the tremendous resources that are available to the PAP to reach out on a day-to-day level in the constituency, through the Peoples Association (PA), for example, it is chalk and cheese.
Mr Deputy Speaker72 words
[+4 sentences]Mr Singh, if I could invite you to kindly progress to your clarifications, rather than preamble it with a long speech? I have listened very carefully, and I am trying to thread through what you are saying based on what Minister Ong Ye Kung has said. I think you can get to your clarifications in a little bit more efficient manner. So, I invite you to go to your clarifications, Mr Singh.
Mr Pritam Singh272 words
[+7 sentences]So, my clarification really has been already shared in terms of the Minister's view of whether there was a deliberate decision made to contest fewer seats. Like I said, we are not clairvoyant, we put the best people we can find forward and present what we can in the circumstances, to represent an alternative for Singaporeans. The last clarification that I would like to put forth is with regard to what was shared with the Minister in the podcast, where I think the words were "why can't everyone work together?" The Minister used a very interesting analogy, which I probably would not. "Jaw-jaw and war-war" if I remember, was used by Churchill in a very aggressive way. I would say the question that we face as a society now is a little simpler. We are at a very interesting juncture, an important transition in our history as a country. Are we prepared to accept, is the PAP government prepared to accept for example, an opposition MP who has the mandate from the public welcoming new citizens into Singapore?[+3 sentences] Is the Government prepared to allow opposition MPs to be present and to welcome these new citizens as part of our society? Because that would reflect a certain maturity that I believe is where Singapore has arrived at, and if I can be so bold, it may well be something that Singaporeans demand of the PAP. So, as much as the PAP wants us to consider alternatives, which I think you are entitled to, I think the PAP should also consider from the WP's perspective, how we can be more united as a people.
Mr Deputy Speaker51 words
[+4 sentences]Mr Singh, if I could kindly request you to summarise your last point? You have gone a little bit further than what the content of Minister Ong's speech was. I have given you leeway. Please summarise your last clarification in order for Minister Ong then to reply if he so wishes.
Mr Pritam Singh38 words
[+1 sentence]So, I would suggest that as much as there is scope for alternatives from the opposition, there is scope for the PAP also to play a part in building a more united Singapore with the opposition in mind.
Mr Deputy Speaker12 words
[+1 sentence]Minister Ong Ye Kung, would you like to respond to those clarifications?
Mr Ong Ye Kung960 words
[+18 sentences]Certainly. It should not quite be presented as clarifications, so I will try to respond in general. The people demand many things of us, both as ruling party as well as opposition. I think the people will increasingly demand coherent alternatives from WP, put together principles, philosophies. What is your vision? What is the pathway? How do we get there? What is the set of policies? And to your credit from time to time you have mentioned some of them but the people will demand coherent set of consistent policies and principles. And they will demand likewise PAP to do better and for all their demands, we will have to reflect, "What can we do better for the people? The Leader of Opposition mentioned a couple of his pet peeves, one is boundaries coming out a month and a half before the election. I should say this: most PAP MPs in this House, when the boundaries reports come out, everyone scrambles, we were equally scrambling. Whenever the boundaries come out, suddenly you have an SMC, suddenly you have to form another division, re-deploy your volunteers. We may have an advantage because we are present in every constituency, so maybe there is an advantage there. But we are also scrambling every time the boundaries reports come out. But we know it is necessary. The population changes, new developments, a group of civil servants look at the data and they propose new boundaries. We have to let them do their job and adapt to it. The Leader of Opposition mentioned PA and citizenship ceremony. I will just say, under the Constitution and the law, an elected MP has two functions. One is to be a legislator in this House, the other is to manage the Town Council.[+1 sentence] There is no PA. PA and grassroots work is a policy of the PAP Government.[+11 sentences] That we decided to set up a Statutory Board, gather as many volunteers as we can, and gauge the ground, bring communities together, help the children grow up well, help parents cope with parenting, help the seniors stay healthy, promote exercise – none of this is in the law or Constitution. But we do that to help our constituencies and our residents. Citizenship ceremony is one such event. I do not know of any country where you become a new citizen, the grassroots hold an event and talk to you about being Singaporean, what it means and then sing the national anthem and gather together. So, these are all part of the PAP policies to engage the ground. The Leader of Opposition talks about no chance of a wipeout. In the hearts of Singaporeans, they know that there is no chance of a wipeout. And reading the ground, we know there is no chance of a wipeout. The desire for a check on the PAP is very strong, precisely because we have a good majority. And that desire is so strong we see cases all the time, like what I mentioned, the couple at the tze char stall, friendly to us, like what we are doing, "want you to be Government", want me to continue as Health Minister, but "I am not voting for him, I need to support the opposition". You have a role here. The opposition has a role in the governance of Singapore, and we have to take that seriously and accept there is no chance of a wipeout.[+9 sentences] There is no equilibrium, it is a dynamic balance. From term to term, people will have a different balance in their mind, but we must accept that people now want the PAP government; for now, they want the PAP government, but they also want an opposition presence. Mr Pritam Singh talked about our circumstances being different from the UK or US. In 1963, this was a much smaller Chamber with 13 Barisan Sosialis Members, minority, small minority. But they stood for a different vision, with different sets of policies. They disagreed with the PAP on big issues of the day – merger with Malaysia, teaching of language, particularly Chinese, National Service. After 1965, of course, it then became PAP-dominant. But over the years, we saw WP come some way – from one to two single seats, they now have two GRCs, plus a couple of single seats and two NCMPs. Mr Pritam Singh is now the Leader of the Opposition. There is no chance of a wipeout, in our view, and people expect WP to play an important role. And in this GE2025, the WP were quite close to winning another two GRCs.[+12 sentences] Next election, no doubt, it will be even more tough. And when you have come this far, I do believe the people will demand and Singapore will need WP to come up with alternate policies, as in the past, Barisan Sosialis did with a small number of seats. I say all these not that I wish it will come true. But should WP really rise to the occasion and do this and be able to stand and contest the ruling party as the democrats and republicans do each other in the US, or Tories and Labour do each other in UK, actually, life will be harder for PAP. Contest will be so much more intense. People will be so much more discerning with who they choose. But it is the right political direction for Singapore; focus our energy. I take the Member's point about "jaw-jaw" and "war-war". We are not really fighting, but we are arguing. We are presenting different views. We are arguing the merits and trade-offs of those directions, and those visions when Singaporeans choose. If we focus our energy on such discourse, I think it is the right direction for Singapore.
Mr Deputy Speaker16 words
[+4 sentences]No further clarifications, Leader of the Opposition? None. Then, we will move on. Mr Saktiandi Supaat.
Mr Saktiandi Supaat (Bishan-Toa Payoh)1970 words
[+14 sentences]Mr Deputy Speaker, Sir, I thank the President for his Address and I support the Motion. As the President reminded us, we are living in "a more unsettled and chaotic world". These external uncertainties are beyond our control. But what we can control is how we strengthen our social compact at home. That is how we ensure peace, security and prosperity for our people. Mr Deputy Speaker, as the President also reminded us, fairness is a work never finished. Singapore has long held meritocracy as a core value, that effort and ability should determine success, not birth or background. While aggregate inequality measures have not worsened materially in recent years, the lived experience tells a different story. Basic costs, housing and education opportunities still weigh more heavily on some households, and perceptions of unfairness remain real. This is what academics call the gap between macro trends and lived realities. If left unaddressed, it can weaken trust in our social compact. Equality, like fairness, is never absolute but our duty is to keep narrowing the gaps so that opportunities and security are shared across society. So, I will focus on three areas: protecting livelihoods, ensuring retirement adequacy and empowering every Singaporean, young and old, to co-pilot our shared future. Mr Deputy Speaker, in Malay, please. : As the President has reminded us, Singapore must always uphold the principle of "we first" – ensuring that economic growth benefits everyone and that no one is left behind. The inflation rate has declined from 6.1% in 2022 to 0.8% in June this year.[+7 sentences] Nevertheless, families still feel the pressure at the market, at clinics and when paying utility bills. Prices today are much higher compared to three years ago. However, Government measures, such as the Assurance Package and CDC vouchers, have helped significantly. But as the Prime Minister reminded us, these are not long-term solutions. While inflation affects everyone, its impact is most keenly felt by low-income families. Meritocracy only works when basic needs are met and opportunities are distributed fairly. Equality of opportunity does not come naturally. It must be pursued through policies that provide protection to those most affected. Therefore, I would like to propose an automatic Cost of Living Adjustment (COLA) mechanism. Additional relief to schemes, like ComCare or Silver Support, can be activated when inflation for essential goods exceeds a certain threshold.[+21 sentences] With smart monitoring using artificial intelligence, this relief can be delivered accurately in a timely, targeted and predictable manner. To make this proposal more practical, I recommend three key features. First, essential basket trigger based on inflation in food, utilities, transport and healthcare. Second, automatic activation. When inflation exceeds 3% to 4% on an annual average, assistance is adjusted in the next cycle. Third, scaled and controlled. More assistance is given to those who are less fortunate, with limits to ensure fiscal sustainability. This is not something new. In the US, social security benefits are automatically adjusted according to inflation. Canada and many European countries also adjust pensions and social welfare annually. Even Japan links pensions to the Consumer Price Index (CPI), despite experiencing periods of low inflation. This shows that COLA mechanisms are not excessive promises, but prudent measures to protect dignity and stability. Mr Deputy Speaker, I am aware that Singapore's inflation rate is on average, low, around 2%, and now below 1%. But what matters more is our people’s actual experience when food or utility prices increase much faster than the average CPI. For families living on tight budgets, even moderate inflation feels very burdensome. This is why a targeted COLA mechanism can provide assurance where it is most needed. I also acknowledge concerns that such a mechanism might be seen as fiscally unsustainable, seemingly creating unlimited liability when inflation spikes. But that is not my proposal. Singapore's version must be targeted, capped and reviewed annually. It would only apply to certain basic schemes, activated only when clear thresholds are exceeded, and assistance provided according to need. In this way, we balance compassion with fiscal discipline, building a safety net for the most vulnerable, while maintaining Singapore's traditional prudence. Additionally, we should also consider a Caregiver Credit or Support, similar to the Workfare Income Supplement Scheme, to recognise and provide better support to those who temporarily need to exit the workforce to care for children, elderly parents or relatives with disabilities or chronic illnesses.[+5 sentences] Such a scheme could provide CPF contributions or direct financial support, so that caregivers do not have to sacrifice their long-term security while caring for family. I heard all these during the M3 post-National Day Rally dialogue last year, where I received appeals from caregivers requesting improvements, for instance, on the issues of caregiver leave and financial assistance for them. : Mr Deputy Speaker, I will now continue in English. Beyond helping families manage today's cost pressures, we must also think long-term, about retirement adequacy and how Singaporeans can age with dignity. The President reminded us that fairness is a work never finished. One of the key tests of fairness is how we care for seniors after a lifetime of work. By 2030, one in four citizens will be aged 65 and above.[+9 sentences] We must ensure retirement adequacy for all. We should be prepared for more elderly couples living on their own, as more and more young Singaporeans aspire to live independently sooner. Ensuring the retirement adequacy of each and every Singaporean is, therefore, critical in our goal for our seniors to age actively with dignity and purpose. Our CPF system is rightly regarded as one of the most sustainable in the world. Having previously been involved in the earlier round of CPF changes as a member of the CPF advisory panel, there is broad consensus that our CPF system works, even as we try to figure how we can tweak it to make it better. In contrast, rising life expectancies, inflationary pressures and changing work patterns have caused many pension systems abroad to falter because benefits have not kept pace with inflation, or because public finances are overstretched. We must act early to guard against these risks. I have some suggestions. First, predictability. While MOM has announced that it will raise the Basic Retirement Sum for future cohorts, can we give Singaporeans more certainty by setting out a 10- to 15-year path of increase?[+3 sentences] This way, families can plan ahead with confidence and each increment will hopefully be less politicised or face less sceptical questioning of its motives. Second, inclusivity. We should further strengthen CPF top-ups and matching schemes. The Matched Retirement Savings Scheme has helped seniors with smaller CPF balances, but its income ceiling and eligibility criteria are presently narrow.[+2 sentences] We could, perhaps, expand it to include part-time workers, caregivers re-entering the workforce and even selected groups of younger workers in their 30s and 40s, so that interest compounding works in their favour earlier in life. Third, protection. To protect retirees from spikes in inflation, I propose an inflation-linked CPF LIFE options, so payouts rise in line with the cost of living.[+2 sentences] Currently, CPF LIFE only offers lifelong monthly payouts on the decreasing Basic plan, the constant Standard plan or the increasing Escalating plan. Under my proposal, the base payouts may start slightly lower, but they will rise in tandem with the CPI. As with the other plans, this would be on a voluntary opt-in basis and it should assuage members who fear the erosion of purchasing power after they stop working.[+1 sentence] Fourth, equity. It may also be time to review the 4% interest floor on Retirement Accounts, which was set back in 2008.[+6 sentences] A modest increase, or alternatively, on a tiered floor for the first $60,000, would especially benefit lower-income seniors who have smaller CPF balances. Fifth, Mr Deputy Speaker, flexibility. Simplify the Lease Buyback Scheme and create a family buyback option, letting children co-purchase part of the lease to provide parents retirement cashflow, for example. Sixth, dignity in work. Enhance re-employment incentives, longer contracts and phased-down roles for seniors, while keeping CPF contributions meaningful. And finally, seventh, Mr Deputy Speaker, healthcare assurance. Explore a combined MediSave retirement plan, setting aside part of payouts for healthcare, with an opt-out for those already well-covered, where part of payouts are automatically set aside for healthcare expenditure in excess of what is covered by MediShield Life.[+31 sentences] This would reduce anxiety for seniors, who often fear that a single hospital bill, a single hospital bill, could wipe out their retirement savings. This can be implemented with an opt-out mechanism for seniors who are adequately secured by hospitalisation or accident insurance. Mr Deputy Speaker, these proposed refinements will together boost confidence in our retirement system and its ability to see each of us through life. They will give assurance that no Singaporean, after a lifetime of work, will be left to face old age amidst insecurity. Mr Deputy Speaker, as the President also noted, we must give every citizen confidence about their place in society and that begins with our youths. They must be co-pilots of our journey and not passengers. Youth unemployment is higher than national average and many worry about employability in an age of AI. So, first, evolve SkillsFuture into a family credit system: more credits when more family members upskill together. Second, the suggestion will be to expand the SkillsFuture Level-Up Programme to Singaporeans below 40, so that younger workers can also upgrade and pivot. Third, broaden the definition of success. Let us celebrate entrepreneurship, trades, the arts and sports, not just traditional jobs. For the arts, perhaps, the expanded National Arts Council scholarships could also explore a "dual career" pathway, similar to what spexEducation provides for our Team Singapore athletes. This would reassure talented artists that they can pursue their craft with confidence, while also having academic and career options to fall back on. It would make a career in the arts not just inspiring, but also sustainable. And fourth, prioritise mental well-being. With one in three youths facing severe stress or anxiety, we must normalise seeking help, expanding counselling access and create safe spaces. Mr Deputy Speaker, research from the National Institute of Education at the Nanyang Technological University and others finds that many young Singaporeans perceive our meritocracy as too narrowly focused on early academic performance – narrowing definitions of success and straining student well-being. We must broaden our pathways if equality of opportunity is to remain real. At the same time, vices like vaping pose risks. Enforcement alone is insufficient. So, we must guide youths back through positive communities – in gaming, arts, social causes or professional networks. Our youths are our future and our promise for the next 60 years. Mr Deputy Speaker, whether facing global storms or domestic challenges, we must keep our social compact strong. As the President reminded us, fairness is never finished. It must be renewed in every generation. And if fairness is never finished, then equality and meritocracy are also work never finished. It is not enough to reward effort – we must also level the playing field, so that every Singaporean, regardless of birth or background, has a true chance to rise. Singapore’s story has never been written by Government alone. It has always been co-authored by our people – families, workers, entrepreneurs, communities alike. If we hold fast to this spirit of partnership – recognising that putting “we first” does not mean neglecting “me first” – that our personal success is strengthened when our community succeeds. We can forge a new compact: one where growth is inclusive, every Singaporean has a stake and our youths are inspired to lead the future. Together, let us carry Singapore forward with confidence, courage, unity, equality so that social mobility is always a possibility.[+1 sentence] Mr Deputy Speaker: Senior Minister of State Dr Koh Poh Koon.
The Senior Minister of State for Health and Manpower (Dr Koh Poh Koon)72 words
[+1 sentence]Mr Deputy Speaker, Sir, the President’s Address has set out the vision for the next chapter of Singapore’s journey. This includes enhancing assurance at every stage of life as our economy transforms and enabling long-term employability and protecting our vulnerable.[+1 sentence] MOM supports this vision. We will empower Singaporeans to prepare for the future economy, support our workers through their life stages and uplift and protect vulnerable workers – leaving no Singaporean behind.
[Mr Speaker in the Chair]3664 words
[+166 sentences]Since the last President’s address in 2023, MOM has worked hard to create good outcomes for workers and businesses alike, in close collaboration with our tripartite partners. We launched Career Health SG to empower workers to chart out meaningful and resilient careers. Workers can also reskill into jobs in growth sectors through Career Conversion Programmes. We supported businesses to transform and remain competitive while providing good jobs for Singaporeans. We strengthened retirement adequacy for Singaporeans born in 1973 and earlier through the Majulah Package, with CPF top-ups to support their retirement and healthcare needs. We improved protection for vulnerable groups, such as the Jobseeker Support Scheme for those who lost their jobs involuntarily and uplifted the wages of lower-wage workers through the Progressive Wage Model (PWM). We also legislated stronger safeguards for platform workers through the Platform Workers Act. We advanced workplace fairness and inclusivity through the Workplace Fairness Act and Tripartite Guidelines on Flexible Work Arrangement Requests (TG-FWAR). We will continue to be agile and adapt our policies to a rapidly changing world. Geopolitical tensions and the fraying of the multilateral trading system are disrupting our traditional trade and supply chains. As a small and open economy, our businesses feel these shocks acutely. Technological changes are accelerating, with significant advancements driven by AI. Our workforce is evolving too. By 2030, one in four Singaporeans will be 65 or older. This presents challenges, but also opportunities to harness the wisdom and experience of our senior workers. Our youths are more educated, globally connected and want to chart their own paths. Many desire careers aligned with their passions and values. A National Youth Council survey found that more young Singaporeans wanted to, I quote, “discover, design or invent something new”. Against this backdrop of change, we must press on together with workers and businesses – to learn continuously, adapt and move forward as one. MOM will focus on four key thrusts by empowering Singaporeans to navigate the future of work; supporting career longevity; expanding opportunities for workers and businesses; and ensuring inclusive growth. Let me start with the first thrust on how we are empowering Singaporeans to navigate the future of work. Whether the challenge is demographic, technological or geopolitical, we will support workers to pivot and seize opportunities that emerge from each wave of disruption. For many Singaporeans, digital disruption, particularly by AI, is top of mind. Many are excited about the opportunities that AI provides because if leveraged well, these advancements can automate routine tasks and allow workers to take on more fulfilling roles. On the flipside, many worry about the impact AI might have on their job security. On our part, the Government will work together with workers and businesses across all levels – at the national, enterprise and individual level – to strengthen our human capital, so that we can leverage on AI positively. At the national level, under the Economic Strategy Review and our National AI strategy, MOM will support our workforce to develop broad-based AI literacy and competencies. At the enterprise level, MOM’s initiatives like the Enterprise Workforce Transformation Package, which will couple support for business transformation with workforce development, ensuring that technology elevates rather than eliminates workers. MOM will also work closely with NTUC, the Singapore National Employers Federation and unions to redesign jobs and equip and empower every worker. At the individual level, we will help Singaporeans build more resilient careers and navigate AI disruption. To support our national lifelong learning movement and ensure that skills training leads to good job outcomes, MOM launched Career Health SG, a SkillsFuture initiative, in July this year. Career Health SG uses AI tools to equip Singaporeans with jobs and skills insights, career guidance and employment facilitation, matching them to good jobs where their skills are most relevant and valued. It is about realising the potential of Singapore’s most precious resource – our people. Through digital tools under MyCareersFuture, such as the Careers and Skills Passport and CareersFinder, we help individuals explore more career choices and options, and chart career and skills upgrading plans towards their career aspirations. Those who want to get started on their career health journey can visit the Career Health SG website, a one-stop portal consolidating the resources available to support Singaporeans and employers. Beyond digital tools, employed individuals who prefer in-person guidance can receive personalised career support from certified coaches to plan ahead under our Polaris programme. Jobseekers can also tap on peer-level support from our Volunteer Career Advisors, who offer sector-specific insights and practical guidance based on real-world industry experience. We will also strengthen the ecosystem of career and employment services to better match jobseekers to jobs, and better match potential to opportunities, even as our labour market grows increasingly diverse and complex. To achieve this, we need deeper partnership and collaboration with the vibrant network of private sector recruitment and job placement agencies, and online job portals. We have therefore launched an Alliance for Action on Advancing Career and Employment Services (AfA-ACES) to co-create with industry players innovative solutions to redesign jobs, enhance talent management and deepen our human capital. As Singaporeans gain new skills throughout their careers, they also build strong relationships, grow vast networks and hone their leadership skills – these are soft skills that are not easily replaceable by technology and AI. Even as we pursue these longer-term strategies, we recognise the anxieties that Singaporeans face over jobs today, especially from fresh graduates who are entering the workforce. Even though the employment rate of graduates in the 2025 cohort as of June has increased by four percentage points compared to the 2024 cohort at the same time last year, there are significantly more fresh graduates who have been actively looking for jobs. This increase in active jobseekers – about 1,700 more as compared to 2024 – may have contributed to a stronger sense of job competition among fresh graduates. Global factors including economic headwinds from increased trade tensions and geopolitical conflicts, as well as growing concerns over AI taking over entry-level jobs could have further amplified the anxieties of fresh graduates. We have therefore launched the GRaduate Industry Traineeship (GRIT) programme to boost opportunities for fresh graduates, help them gain industry-relevant experience, and facilitate their transition into full-time employment should they face difficulties in their job search. Minister Tan See Leng has already given a lengthy discourse on this at the Question Time earlier today, so I shall not elaborate further but surprise to say we will continue to support young workers so that they can start well and progress in their careers. I will now turn to the second thrust on how we are supporting career longevity and strengthening retirement adequacy. As we live longer and the global economy transforms, our lives will no longer follow a linear path of education, work and retirement. As new industries, jobs and skills emerge, we need to continually upskill and reskill to stay relevant. The healthcare sector is accustomed to this, due to the fast-changing nature – medical technologies. New drugs are coming onstream every so often, new treatment protocols, new trial results are coming out every month and so healthcare workers are used to this. But now other industry sectors are also experiencing a similar increased pace of technological change, maybe not as fast as healthcare but, certainly faster than what they were used to before so they must also embrace lifelong learning and continual education just like our healthcare workers. The DNA and the mindset of our workers must change. For seniors, we will make available good opportunities and support so them can continue working with dignity and security. We will also explore how to facilitate flexible arrangements at work or short career breaks for those who wish for a better balance between their career aspirations and caregiving needs. These needs are expected to increase as our population ages. Many seniors have also told me that they do not see work and retirement as all-or-nothing. They want to rightfully reap the rewards of their many years of hard work, by taking a break, travelling the world, having more time with their grandchildren. At the same time, they wish to stay engaged in the workforce and in society, in ways that bring them fulfilment and purpose. The Government will support Singaporeans in their multi-stage careers and work-life aspirations. This includes workers with caregiving responsibilities, who will benefit from the Tripartite Guidelines on Flexible Work Arrangement Request, which outline how employers should handle FWA requests based on business needs. MOM and our tripartite partners also convened the Tripartite Workgroup on Senior Employment, which will reimagine ways to support career longevity. As Co-Chair of this Tripartite Workgroup, I have heard from workers, unions and employers on their aspirations and challenges regarding senior employment. Those who are dropping out of work in the early 50s – years before their retirement age – shared with me that they are unable to balance their caregiving needs or need more support in upskilling to remain relevant and competitive in the workspace. Employers have also shared their challenges in supporting multi-generational workplaces, which can effectively tap on the experience and expertise of senior workers, whilst combining the energies and skills of the younger generation. The Tripartite Workgroup is hard at work studying the gaps and challenges faced by different workers and industries and will update on our recommendations by early next year. The TWG-SE has also launched an AfA to partner employers in piloting innovative solutions that help to empower Multi-stage Careers for Mature Workers. One of our prospective partners is Unilever, who plans to pilot their “Value In Value Up” programme under the AfA. The pilot aims to redesign jobs and train mature workers to integrate AI capabilities into their functional expertise and may subsequently engage these workers in fractional or project-based roles in Unilever. These roles include areas such as streamlining of operational processes and AI research. The pilot meets Unilever’s need for agile talent while providing mature workers with meaningful fractional work opportunities. Another issue close to the hearts of our seniors and future seniors is whether they have enough for retirement. Our CPF system is designed to help Singaporeans plan and save for this stage of life. It is built on a strong social compact that reflects our values – the belief in shared responsibility. This means individuals taking charge of their own retirement savings, while family, the community and the Government will also come in to provide help for those in more vulnerable settings. MOM will continue to review and strengthen the CPF system, such that those who work and contribute consistently to their CPF can be assured of meeting their basic retirement needs in their golden years. This includes raising the Basic Retirement Sum for cohorts beyond 2027, to set aside more savings in CPF LIFE, which will provide lifelong retirement income and peace of mind that comes with this guaranteed income stream. For those who are unable to save enough despite their best efforts, society as a whole must collectively come in to support them together. We have put in place several measures to strengthen their retirement adequacy. First, the Workfare Income Supplement Scheme supplements the income and CPF savings of lower-wage workers while they work. Second, the Matched Retirement Savings Scheme provides a matching grant for top-ups, including from loved ones or others in the community. Third, the Silver Support Scheme provides targeted help for seniors who have earned low incomes during their working years and now have less in retirement. With rising costs of living and higher aspirations in retirement lifestyles, we also want to empower Singaporeans to start earlier and plan ahead for their retirement across key milestones in life. In this vein, I encourage everyone to leverage on CPF's new one-stop financial guidance platform called Plan Life Ahead, Now! (PLAN), which will support members to make more informed and prudent financial decisions across different life stages. Mr Speaker, Sir, I will now say a few words in Mandarin. (In Mandarin): As Singaporeans' average lifespan extends, more senior workers hope to achieve a better balance between career goals and caring for their families. Employees, unions and employers have shared with me their expectations and challenges regarding senior employment. The Tripartite Workgroup on Senior Employment will explore how to better support employees in extending their careers and will release its recommendations next year. Through the AfA on Empowering Multi-Stage Careers for Mature Workers, we will collaborate with employers to pilot innovative solutions. The Government, employers and unions will work together to help senior workers have fulfilling careers, be it in their existing jobs, adopting flexible work arrangements, taking short career breaks or finding re-employment through learning new skills. Another issue of concern for seniors and those approaching retirement is whether their retirement savings are sufficient to cope with the current rising costs of living. In this regard, we will continue to strengthen the CPF system so that Singaporeans who continue contributing to CPF can be assured of meeting their basic retirement needs in their golden years. (in English): Sir, now let me go onto the third thrust on expanding economic opportunities for all, empowering the broad middle of workers to progress in their careers. For mid-career workers, we are expanding opportunities and pathways towards better jobs. Our Career Conversion Programmes (CCPs) have seen success, with more than 37,000 individuals reskilling into jobs in growth sectors over the last five years. About nine in 10 CCP participants have remained employed 24 months after the programme, while six in 10 earned more than their last drawn salaries. Take Mr Wong Kok Sin, who was reskilled through the CCP for Electronics, after being in the industry for more than 20 years. As the Director for Internal Manufacturing Production at ams-OSRAM, Mr Wong is responsible for strategic planning and process optimisation, as well as mentoring teams and driving operational excellence. The AI tools he picked up through the CCP allowed him to explore how smart manufacturing and prompt engineering can streamline operations and enhance decision making, leading to increased productivity. For those who aspire to climb the corporate ladder, we are expanding opportunities for them to gain critical experience to do so. In keeping with our position as a global business hub, many businesses have told us that overseas exposure is key for Singaporeans to move on into senior roles. To that end, we will support businesses to send employees with little or no overseas market experience abroad, to gain exposure through the Overseas Markets Immersion Programme (OMIP). OMIP will complement existing programmes that support overseas posting and leadership development, which we are doubling in capacity. Since the programme's launch in November 2024, 70 locals have been emplaced in overseas roles. This includes three biotechnologists from Lonza Biologics, who were sent to Switzerland. In Switzerland, they worked alongside subject matter experts and gained expertise in plant set-up, troubleshooting and process optimisation – knowledge that strengthened Lonza's operations here in Singapore. This stint has provided them with the international exposure, making them better-positioned for leadership roles in future. MOM will focus on four enablers to grow the economy, help business to thrive and create good jobs in our next bound of growth. First, transforming our workforce to meet business needs. With rapid technological advancement and geopolitical tensions, many businesses are looking to reorganise their operations, reconfigure their supply chains and redesign jobs. MOM has, thus, set aside over $400 million for the Enterprise Workforce Transformation Package to spur workforce transformation, through the SkillsFuture Workforce Development Grant and the redesigned SkillsFuture Enterprise Credit. This will enable workers to upgrade their skillsets and businesses to adapt to the evolving economic landscape. Second, expanding access to talent from around the world that complements our workforce. Singapore must continue working with and learning from the best, from around the world. Access to global talent also attracts foreign investments and MNCs to grow the economic pie and continue creating good jobs for Singaporeans. Third, uplifting the human resources (HR) profession. HR plays a critical role in how businesses attract, manage and develop talent. The Tripartite Workgroup on Human Capital Capability Development will strengthen HR practices and level-up human capital capabilities across the economy to maximise workforce potential and support business growth. Fourth, reducing compliance burden. This includes using the Inter-Ministerial Committee on Pro-Enterprise Rules Review to streamline regulations, especially for SMEs, to help businesses remain competitive in a pro-enterprise environment. Our fourth thrust is to ensure that our growth is inclusive, so that all Singaporeans benefit from the opportunities created. MOM will work with tripartite partners to raise the bar for safe, fair and inclusive workplaces that provide opportunities for everyone to thrive. MOM has been working closely with all stakeholders, including sector agencies, employers, unions and workers to raise WSH standards, tackle emerging risks and reinforce a culture of safety. We will continue to strengthen these efforts to keep fatal injury rates below 1.0 per 100,000 workers and meet our WSH 2028 target. We will continue to enhance employment standards and protections for our workers. Earlier this year, Parliament passed the Workplace Fairness Act, strengthening protection against discrimination at the workplace. This is a major step forward in assuring workers that they will be treated fairly and based on merit. We are also undertaking a review of the Employment Act to account for evolving forms of work and the changing labour force profile, including a greater proportion of PMEs. Through the review, we will ensure that protections remain relevant for different groups of workers while streamlining compliance for businesses. As the future of work continues to unfold, we must address needs of different groups of workers. For example, we now recognise platform workers as a separate category of workers with their own set of protections via the Platform Workers Act. The Platform Workers Act, effective January this year, provides work injury compensation, CPF contributions and a representation framework where platform workers and operators can be represented by Platform Work Associations. In response to concerns raised by platform workers and Platform Work Associations, the Platform Workers Trilateral Group was formed with representatives from MOM, MOT, NTUC and platform operators to address illegal activities in the platform sector and the lack of transparency in payment and incentive schemes. The 10 recommendations were announced earlier this month. With increasingly diverse forms of work and work arrangements, we will continue studying how to better support platform workers, self-employed persons and freelancers in terms of workplace protections, reskilling and career pathways. In this world of accelerating change, we will ensure that opportunities remain open to all. For those who stumble despite their best efforts, we will help them bounce back with confidence. We have introduced the SkillsFuture Jobseeker Support scheme to help displaced workers who are actively searching for jobs to re-enter employment, providing up to $6,000 in temporary support over six months for eligible individuals. Lower-wage workers will remain a key focus, with MOM pressing on with efforts to uplift and support lower-wage workers amidst our economic transformation. This includes the Workfare Income Supplement Scheme, which was recently enhanced; and the new Workfare Skills Support (Level-Up) scheme will provide added support for lower-wage workers to upskill and reskill. The PWM remains central to raising wages and in creating career pathways that are closely tied to training and skills development. Together with tripartite partners, MOM is reviewing the next set of wage schedules for all PWMs, covering seven sectors and two occupations. The Government recently accepted the Tripartite Cluster for Retail's recommendation of a three-year schedule of sustained wage increase from 1 September 2025, along with enhancements to job ladders and training requirements. These changes will benefit workers, like Natasha and Joey, who work at Far East Flora. For Natasha, who started as a part-time cashier, the structured increases provide a pathway to financial security, presenting her with an opportunity to progress into management roles. As for Joey, who has spent over a decade in the retail industry, formal supervisor training has improved his job knowledge, giving him confidence that he can continue to advance further. In addition to PWM, the Government has introduced and continually reviews the Local Qualifying Salary, which ensures that local employees are employed meaningfully, rather than on token salaries for firms to gain access to foreign workers. We will also work to foster multiple pathways to success, including for Singaporeans who are more inclined towards "hands-on" and "heart" jobs. We will work with tripartite partners, trade associations and our IHLs to develop more structured pathways for progression in the skilled trades, to better value the essential work of skilled tradespeople. Mr Speaker, Sir, the challenges ahead are real. But Singapore has never shied away from tough challenges. Time and again, we have adapted, persevered and emerged stronger. Our success rests not just on policies or programmes, but on the trust and unity that we share. The President and Prime Minister spoke about building a "we first" society, where we look out for each other and put the collective good above narrow interests. In manpower, this spirit comes to life through tripartism. We should not take this for granted. In many countries, workers and employers stand on opposite sides of the table, locked in conflict. In Singapore, we sit on the same side, seeking win-win outcomes for Singapore. This has allowed us to uplift wages, strengthen worker protections and grow businesses, all at once, striking a very good balance between all the partners. In an uncertain world, our unity will be our greatest asset. Tripartism is the living expression of our "we first" mindset and must remain at the heart of our workforce transformation. As long as we preserve this trust, we can continue creating good jobs and fulfilling careers for Singaporeans. Together, let us move forward as one people, one nation and one Singapore, leaving no Singaporean behind. Sir, I support the Motion.
Mr Speaker3 words
[+1 sentence]Dr Wan Rizal.
Dr Wan Rizal (Jalan Besar)1931 words
[+9 sentences]Mr Speaker, I rise in support of the Motion. The President called on us to build a "we first" society, where growth uplifts everyone, and trust remains the foundation of our nation. This message resonates deeply in the Labour Movement. For me, as a representative of workers and their families, this means ensuring that every worker matters, no family is left unsupported and no individual is left to struggle alone. Today, I will speak on three areas: supporting our lower-wage workers, strengthening employability in the Malay/Muslim community and finally, addressing an issue very close to my heart – mental health. Mr Speaker, I begin with our lower-wage workers, the backbone of our society. They are the quiet hands and steady feet that keep Singapore moving each day. Over the past decade, we have made substantial progress. The wage gap between lower-wage workers and the median worker has narrowed. Real incomes of workers at the 20th percentile rose cumulatively by 30% from 2013 to 2023, faster than the median worker's 22%. Today, more than 155,000 lower-wage workers across nine sectors and occupations are covered by the PWM.[+6 sentences] This is progress we can take pride in. It shows that when we walk together, Government, employers and unions, we can shift the escalator of social mobility upwards. But we must not stop here. Allow me to make three calls. First, enhance funding for PWM and the Progressive Wage Credit Scheme (PWCS). The PWCS has been instrumental in helping employers support wage increases. Over $2.7 billion in PWCS was disbursed in 2022 and 2023, benefiting more than 520,000 employees. I urge the Government to extend these enhancements until Singapore reaches the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) benchmark of the 20th percentile being two-thirds of median income. I also call for the wage ceiling to be raised beyond $3,000, so that as wages rise, PWM workers in sectors like security, waste management and lift and escalator maintenance remain covered.[+37 sentences] Second, let us address how wage increases can lead to a loss of social assistance. Sir, on the ground, we have heard from workers who hesitate to accept wage increases. They fear they will lose eligibility for Workfare or ComCare. And I find this very troubling. Workers should never be penalised for progress. I call for a comprehensive review of our wage support and social assistance schemes, so that no one is forced to choose between a higher salary and essential aid. Third, future-proof upskilling of our lower-wage workers, including training in Artificial Intelligence. I call for AI training to be extended to PWM workers, such as, administrators who can leverage AI to optimise workflows. NTUC LearningHub already offers an AI learning ecosystem, covering skills across different proficiency levels. So, let us make this accessible to all workers, including our lower-wage workers, so that they, too, can benefit from the AI economy. Mr Speaker, let me share the story of Ms Nur Shafiqah Irwandy, a 24-year-old lift supervisor at Fujitec. Starting from ITE, she pursued a Work-Study Diploma while working, overcoming challenges in a male-dominated industry. Today, she leads a team maintaining 600 lifts across Sengkang and Punggol. The Progressive Wage Model has transformed her career. Before PWM, lift maintenance was low-paying, but today, she earns a stable income that supports her family and future. Mr Speaker, her story shows why PWM matters, not just for wages, but for dignity, skills and opportunity. Sir, when the lowest-wage worker progresses, Singapore progresses. That is how we build an inclusive growth. Mr Speaker, in Malay, please. : Sir, with AI transforming industries and jobs, we cannot allow Malay/Muslim workers to be left behind and must support them to succeed. Through Focus Area 4 (FA4) under M3, we pay special attention towards enhancing the marketability of Malay/Muslim workers. With close collaboration between NTUC and MENDAKI, we will build a robust support ecosystem to help workers adapt to the increasingly changing job market. We will continue to strengthen support, especially for mature PMEs, as well as our youth who will inherit the challenges and opportunities of the future economy. For mature PMEs, support will focus on empowering them with new skills, including digital and leadership skills, so that they can remain relevant and trusted by industry. We also need to further expand the network of career advisors to help them adapt to market changes and pave the way towards a meaningful second career. For our youth, we need to provide more diverse pathways. This includes apprenticeship programmes, work-study schemes as well as development opportunities in new fields, such as green technology, artificial intelligence and the care economy. Next month, we will organise the Youth Skills and Career Fair @ SCAPE on 6 and 7 October. This event will be a great opportunity for youth to explore career pathways, receive expert advice and build the skills needed to succeed in an increasingly challenging job market. Additionally, e2i together with the Happiness Initiative, will launch a special workshop for youth and young professionals aged 18 to 35 years. The focus of this workshop is to build mental resilience, by equipping participants with skills to manage stress, and building confidence when seeking employment or starting a new career. When every community can progress together, Singapore as a whole will become stronger and more resilient. : Mr Speaker, I now turn to an issue that I have been championing throughout my stint in Parliament. An issue that cuts across workers, families and communities. The President reminded us that our responsibility is to give Singaporeans assurance at every stage of life. Mental health is that assurance. The statistics tell us sobering story. Nearly 47% of workers in Singapore report feeling exhausted after work. The prevalence of poor mental health remains at 15% in 2023, higher than the pre-pandemic levels. The economic cost of mental health conditions is estimated at $15.7 billion annually or 2.9% of the GDP.[+8 sentences] Behind each statistic is a worker, a family and community. Their struggles with stress and burnout remind us that productivity cannot come at the expense of health. As the co-chairman of the PAP mental health group, I have continually engaged stakeholders from the healthcare professionals, community partners, to employers and workers. And together, with my colleagues, we tabled a Motion of mental health in the last term to place this firmly on the national agenda. But that Motion was not the end. It was the beginning. In this new term, we intend to move forward further, ensuring that mental health remains a sustained national priority. Sir, international studies shows that young people are especially vulnerable during school-to-work transitions. Locally, nearly half of workers already report exhaustion at the start of their careers.[+11 sentences] In my Malay speech earlier, I had spoken about employability initiatives for our youths and young professionals under the FA4 initiative. Employability must go hand in hand with resilience. Skills will get our youths a job. Resilience will help them to keep it, grow in it and strive in the long run. Sir, our youths today also live in a digital first world and we must strengthen their healthy digital habits and depend our understanding of the impact of social media on mental well-being. We must build emotional resilience in all schools and IHLs alongside academics skills. Our youths should not only survive the pressures of school and work, but thrive with confidence and work. I continue to call for mental health and well-being literacy to be embedded within the curriculum, so that everyone is equipped with the skill. And as we progress as a nation, everyone can play their part better. Sir, many young parents juggle work, childcare and caring for ageing parents. NTUC hears their concerns about long hours and blurred work-life boundaries. To protect their well-being, we must strengthen safeguards for rest, expand flexible work arrangements as a norm and enhance community support for caregivers.[+10 sentences] But beyond that, we must call for stronger workplace mental well-being initiatives, so that employers build cultures where mental wellness is part of daily practice, not an afterthought. For our seniors, dignity is not only about medical care, but also about connection, purpose and being seen. As seniors age, they may face loneliness and other mental health concerns, but it can also be a stage of renewed contribution if the right support is given. We must continue to expand community facilities, so that help is never too far away. Finally, I turn to our workers who cut across the different ages and I have a few calls to make. First, stronger rest protections. The "always-on" culture must be challenged. Workers need adequate rest between shifts and more explicit guidance on after-hours communication. Otherwise, exhaustion will erode both well-being and long-term safety. Second, preventive approaches. Employers should go beyond ad-hoc wellness talks and make mental wellness training a mandatory part of management development.[+1 sentence] Leaders must be equipped, not only to deliver results, but also to recognise early signs of stress, to intervene with empathy and to create psychologically safe workplaces. At the same time, companies can and should tap into the Company Training Committee grant, not only to invest in new technology and upskill their workforce, but also to redesign jobs and workflows with workers' productivity, well-being and dignity at this centre.[+9 sentences] So often the perception is that innovation is seen as a way to squeeze more output from the same worker. But that cannot be our approach. Instead, we must harness innovation to ease the pressures of long hours to streamline repetitive tasks and to allow workers to focus on higher value and more meaningful work. When we do this, productivity gains will be matched by healthier, more motivated teams and by workplaces, where people feel proud to contribute and confident about their future. Third, inclusive return-to-work practices. Returning to work after a period of illness, injury, or a mental health challenge is never easy. Many workers tell us they feel anxious, worried that their colleagues may see them as less capable, or that their employers may judge them for needing more time to recover. That is why the return-to-work journey must not add to their stress. Instead, it should be a bridge of support, where adjustments are made to help them regain confidence at their own pace. Employers can and should tap into the resources from the Tripartite Alliance for Fair and Progressive Employment Practices and the Workplace Safety and Health Council to implement Return-to-Work policies, policies that ensure workplace safety while also fostering understanding and compassion.[+10 sentences] When a worker is supported in this way, they are more likely to bounce back stronger, to contribute meaningfully and to inspire others. And when we care for our workers in their most vulnerable moments, we strengthen not just productivity, but the bonds of trust in our workplaces. Mr Speaker, our nation's strength never come from size or the resources that we have. It comes from trust. Trust between people and the Government, between employers and workers, with the unions at the centre of everything and among, of course, citizens themselves. As we turn the page after SG60, let us reaffirm the trust by standing with our workers, uplifting every community and safeguarding the mental health and well-being of every Singaporean. Let us show that in Singapore, progress is not for the few, but for all. And this is how we will build not only a stronger economy, but also a stronger society. One where every worker has dignity, every family has assurance and every community has hope. Mr Speaker, I support the Motion.
Mr Speaker3 words
[+1 sentence]Mr Shawn Loh.
Mr Shawn Loh (Jalan Besar)2366 words
[+25 sentences]Mr Speaker, I am the first one speaking among the backbenchers from the class of 2025 from the PAP. Thank you for this opportunity. Before I begin, I declare my interest as Deputy Group Managing Director of Commonwealth Capital Group. We are a Singaporean global enterprise operating businesses across the food value chain – from cold-chain logistics to food manufacturing and to food services. Collectively, our businesses steward more than 1,000 livelihoods and we provide nourishment to thousands of Singaporeans daily. Mr Speaker, I support the Motion of thanks to the President. Let me also thank our residents of Jalan Besar GRC and Whampoa for their support for me and my team mates. Dr Wan Rizal and Ms Denise Phua spoke earlier. I was introduced only in April this year, just one month before the GE. I am grateful for their trust in me. This trust will not be misplaced. I will do my best to do our residents of Jalan Besar GRC and Whampoa proud and give them a voice in Parliament. I have been a civil servant for more than a decade and I have had the pleasure to be involved in previous speeches by the President at the Parliament’s Opening. Invariably, the speeches cover the following themes: one, the world is a dark and dangerous place; two, the economy is the solution to many of our problems; three, we need to address the challenges of an ageing population; four, we need to build an inclusive society; and five, we need to keep Singapore united. These themes were from the 2025 speech. But if you thought these themes were from the 2023, 2020, 2018, 2016, 2014 or 2011 speeches, you would also be right! That is not to say the President’s speech was boring nor is it an indictment of the speechwriters. Rather, it demonstrates that our challenges are enduring. However, I submit that below the surface of these high-level challenges, there are emerging trends within each theme that require us to rethink and reimagine our policies in this term of Government. I will spend the rest of my speech to share some thoughts about these trends and, importantly, their implications. First, the international economic order has changed, permanently. Bridges have been replaced by barriers. Our earlier economic growth strategy was premised on foreign MNC investments riding the wave of globalisation, which enabled firms to headquarter in Singapore, while the bulk of markets and operations would be outside the country. But now, foreign MNCs, even if they want to invest in Singapore, may find themselves torn between other geopolitical considerations. Manufacturing investments are being onshored in other countries. And because headquarters are increasingly sited nearer to manufacturing or nearer to markets, Singapore is actually at a disadvantage. It is, therefore, critical to have a renewed policy focus on growing our own Singaporean MNCs that are more deeply rooted in Singapore.[+4 sentences] Yes, we can press on with anchoring investments from foreign MNCs. My former colleagues at the Economic Development Board (EDB) do a valiant job. I, myself, spent a couple of years at the EDB looking at how to grow our Singaporean MNCs. And now, I lead a local company that aspires to be an MNC one day. Based on these experiences, I am convinced that our policies can do more to support our local firms to scale beyond the SME-level. To grow above the current SME threshold of $100 million in annual revenues to become MNCs closer to $1 billion in annual revenues or more. Perhaps the Government should consider supporting a new class of local enterprises that are larger than SMEs, but smaller than your $1 billion-listed companies.[+25 sentences] These are some issues that I hope to explore as part of my role on the GPC for Trade and Industry. Second, the technological cycle has shortened significantly. AI, which many Members have spoken about, represents a stepped increase in technological advancement. Some have likened this to the discovery of the steam engine that catalysed the industrial revolution and disrupted many jobs. But even before AI, the pace of job creation and destruction felt like it was already accelerating. Make no mistake, this means that skills will become obsolete faster. Today, we can no longer rely on what we learnt in full-time education to carry us on to retirement. Perhaps there may even come a point in time where what we learn in the first year of tertiary education will become irrelevant by the time we graduate. We see this manifest in greater anxieties amongst our new graduates and our older PMETs. I have spoken to many in Jalan Besar and Whampoa. And I feel for them. What does this imply for the direction of Government policy? Many Members have actually spoken up about this. Mr Andre Low gave the suggestion of the redundancy insurance scheme. I appreciate him for raising that idea. I agree with the intent that it is about reducing the anxieties that many of our workers feel. However, I respectfully disagree in the implementation of the idea for two reasons. The first is that we have just implemented a Jobseekers Support Scheme. The Senior Minister of State for Manpower has spoken about this earlier. It is still early days, but our residents are already benefiting. The scheme provides the support required for our workers to get the assurance they need if they fall into redundancy, for a targeted group. The second reason is because I am not sure whether the numbers add up. Let me explain. I looked at the suggestion in quite some detail. The Member suggested that if you contribute 0.1% of your monthly wage, you would have enough in the insurance pool to cover the redundancy payouts. From the back of an envelope calculation, 0.1%, which he said was about $5; grossed up to a year, which is $60; grossed up from the whole population of 2.2 to 2.5 million Singaporean workers, that gets us about $150 million of collection for the insurance pool.[+2 sentences] However, I am not sure whether that is enough because in the Jobs Support Scheme, the MOM budget was already $200 million and this was for a targeted group of unemployed individuals. So, a national unemployment or national redundancy insurance scheme should cost more, and not less. However, I think the greater point is that there are other ways in which we can resolve this issue. I believe we should pivot our policies towards a greater emphasis on employer-led training and away from broad-based SkillsFuture initiatives.[+5 sentences] Do more to help employers give workers jobs and then train them on the job. We call these place-and-train programmes. The logic is simple. The best place to pick up relevant skills is in the workplace, working for best-in-class companies, hopefully local companies, that are closest to the market and closest to the frontier of innovation. Businesses can be incentivised to hire Singaporeans and then train and re-train them in those jobs. The Government can help through expanding time-limited wage subsidies for new hires.[+19 sentences] And Singaporeans will benefit because they have the assurance of a job first, before they commit to training. The GRIT programme is a step in that direction. If I had it my way, I would call it the Graduate Employment Assistance through Training programme, or the GREAT programme. I am glad to be able to look into this further in my role on the GPC for Manpower. Third, extreme longevity will raise new questions for town planning and policymaking. For the first time in our history, there are now two generations in retirement at the same time. In Whampoa, I encountered someone above 90 years old at almost every block visit. And quite regularly, someone above the age of 95. I think it is the same for many Members of this House. I see the future complexion of Singapore in Jalan Besar and Whampoa. Our town planning assumptions will have to change. Looking ahead, we will need to design our towns for the extreme user – the 90-year-old, not just the 70-year-old. A 10-minute walk means very different things for these two individuals. At Whampoa, our ramps on our overhead bridges are increasingly useless. My elderly residents tell me that it is too tiring to walk up the ramps. And if we do not plan ahead to build lifts and other infrastructure early enough, we will end up isolating many of our oldest seniors and this will be a growing problem with senior frailty. It also means that the provision of senior care and other social support services may need to be more distributed in the neighbourhood, even if it means a less efficient model. Beyond planning, our policies will also have to be updated. We cannot make policies assuming that all those above 65 are a single monolithic block with the same needs. The Government has acknowledged this in its packages for the Pioneer Generation and the Merdeka Generation and I believe there will be a need for another package in this term, for a subset of these seniors.[+4 sentences] Mainly because, after a certain age, perhaps 85, they would all have lived beyond what they expected to live when they first retired. None of them would be automatically included in CPF LIFE. Not all would have Silver Support. But almost all of them would be anxious about the cost of living and they would not be able to benefit directly from the higher wages that a strong economy may bring. Can we, therefore, contemplate a more broad-based level of assurance, perhaps an expanded Silver Support scheme, for the oldest 5% of our population?[+18 sentences] Fourth, the work to build a more inclusive society is far from complete. The new challenge of this generation is to address wealth inequality. It is no longer just about income inequality or the inequalities of starting points in life. Earlier terms of Government focused on equalising opportunities for our young and improving wages of our lower-wage workers. This is no doubt important and I strongly support it. But an important assumption here was that incomes and education would continue to be the best way to close the gaps in life outcomes. What if this assumption turns out to be only partially true? We are already seeing early signs that wealth inequality is becoming worse. And if we do not address this fast enough, it will threaten to divide society. We would be broken into a million pieces, and we cannot go back. At my weekly meet-the-people sessions, some residents struggle with affording a basic HDB rental flat. I regularly appeal to lower the rent of these rental flats. At the same time, my constituency set the record for the most expensive Design, Build and Sell Scheme flat transaction, at more than $1.5 million. That is more than 100 years of rent for the HDB rental flat, just think about that. And I do not even have landed properties in my area, where many have complained about higher property taxes. With smaller family sizes, wealth will get passed down to fewer children and could become increasingly concentrated. I worry when I hear people say that the only way to be rich in Singapore is to be born rich. If the greatest predictor of wealth is who your parents are, then I think we have a big problem. If we are serious about addressing the issue, then perhaps our fiscal system should be used as a means to reduce wealth inequality.[+3 sentences] How can we ensure that the returns to labour and effort, exceed the returns to other assets, such as real estate investments? How can our asset tax system, including property tax, be even more progressive? And how can we build a more effective form of wealth redistribution? On that note, we actually have some interesting learning points with our CDC vouchers, which are universal and have provided some basic level of assurance. I was privileged to have had the chance to work on the CDC voucher scheme at the Ministry of Finance (MOF) as a civil servant and I look forward to interrogating these big questions in my role on the GPC for Finance.[+1 sentence] Let me now conclude on the last theme – keeping Singapore united. Since the GE, I have seen an upswell of interest to volunteer in my community of Whampoa and Jalan Besar, especially among our youths.[+3 sentences] I cherish this dearly. It makes me very optimistic about our future because it shows that Singaporeans, especially the next generation, cares not just about themselves, but about others in the community. These are the first fruits of a "we first" society. And over time, I hope we will even move towards becoming a "you first" society, a society where Singaporeans are more others-centred and put others first, not only because they identify as belonging to the same community or the same "we", but simply because putting others first is the right thing to do as human beings. I have witnessed firsthand how strong community bonds can overcome local challenges – neighbours helping other neighbours in times of need, fighting fires together, carrying less mobile seniors down the staircase to evacuate a flat.[+1 sentence] And I hope that as the Government makes policies at the national level, we would also do more to encourage the building of these local community bonds at the local level. One thing I have learnt as a new MP, is that no community can be fully served by our national policies or our Government agencies. There will still be gaps in the last mile of policy delivery. So, we will always need a strong community to make sure that the gaps are filled and that the last, the lost, the least, and the lonely are taken care of.[+4 sentences] This is not something that I came up with myself. This is something that my wife who coincidentally celebrates her birthday today, always reminds me about. And when our communities are strong and united, our country will likewise be strong and united. With that, Mr Speaker, I support the Motion and wish the Government and all civil servants the very best in delivering on the policy agenda.
Mr Speaker4 words
[+1 sentence]Mr Gho Sze Kee.
Ms Gho Sze Kee (Mountbatten)2433 words
[+5 sentences]Mr Speaker, it is a privilege to deliver my maiden speech in this House to register my support for the President's speech. I am a brand-new Member of the House. Thus, I seek your guidance and the indulgence of other Members of the House as I begin my parliamentary journey. Sir, Singapore is still a young nation, as nations go, but we have come far in our national journey. Today, we are a first world nation with an advanced economy. There are many measures and metrics that we can feel proud of. But most importantly, for our people, around two-thirds of our workforce are PMETs. Similarly, around two-thirds of our households are middle class by OECD's definition.[+17 sentences] These numbers put us in the leaders' pack globally. They are a reflection of decades of good governance, careful planning, and investment in the future. But these are not numbers just to feel good. More importantly, they are indicators that we have built a just and inclusive society, where opportunities and prosperity are not limited and concentrated in a few, but broadly shared. It is a validation of our social compact and the promises of our founding fathers made good. Yet, we must never forget the fundamental and unchanging hard truths of our nation. We are small, with no natural resources. We are highly connected, and therefore highly exposed, to the rest of the world. Changes to the winds and currents of the outside world will affect us deeply. We must always remain clear eyed and unflinching in the face of challenges. As the President has noted, we are sailing into choppy waters. Shifting global economic currents, a changing new world order, and AI-driven disruptions in the workplace make for some powerful headwinds. Each alone has the potential to reshape our society in profound and lasting ways. Our national resilience will be tested. Our social compact may be strained. It is in this context that I would like to speak on some of the challenges ahead and share thoughts on how we can approach them. The most immediate challenge before us today is, of course, jobs, jobs and jobs. There are many factors churning our job market. But of all these, I believe the AI disruption will have the most pervasive and consequential impact.[+7 sentences] It is also an accelerant and amplifies the effects of all other challenges that we face. There are three aspects of the AI disruption that we should take note of. First, the speed of change. The rate of technological disruption today is unprecedented. Previous waves of tech disruptions, from personal computing to the Internet, unfolded over decades. Societies had the relative luxury of time to absorb and adapt. AI has up ended that timeline completely. To put things in perspective, ChatGPT reached 100 million users in just two months.[+20 sentences] Entire sectors, and entire industries, could be reshaped in a flash. Second, the breadth and depth of change. The AI disruption will touch every sector of our economy. It will strike further up the value chain, at knowledge intensive and cognitive tasks, tasks which are the very heart of PMET roles. It is also impacting tasks once thought to be uniquely human, such as creative and artistic endeavours. What is not displaced, will be reshaped and redesigned. Consider the tech sector, which gave us the very tools of this disruption. Today, one can create, debug and deploy a website or an app without writing a single line of code. The work of junior developers, routine programmers and similar roles is rapidly becoming obsolete. Third, the inequality of change. AI does not affect everyone equally. It will create winners and losers. Those who can harness and adapt to the disruption will surge ahead. Others will struggle to adapt. Adoption will be uneven, outcomes will diverge. We will see high skill, high pay jobs created, even as many entry- and mid-level PMET roles are hollowed out or displaced. Those who climb up the value chain will advance rapidly, while others risk being pushed into lower value work. This will not just be a disruption in the workplace. It is a potential widening of social disparities. So, what does this mean for us? [restates an earlier point]As I noted in the beginning, about two-thirds of our workforce are PMETs, which is actually one of the highest proportions in the world.[+46 sentences] Our advanced economy is also knowledge and services heavy, exactly the sectors where AI disruption will move fastest and hit the hardest. For our PMETs, this presents real pressure. Entry and mid-level white collar roles are the most vulnerable. Without timely upskilling and adaptation, many may find themselves displaced. The knock-on effects will be wide ranging. Entry and mid-level job opportunities may shrink in the near future. New graduates may face tough prospects, a trend we are already beginning to see. Mid-career PMETs will encounter greater uncertainty. Conventional assumptions about career progressions and success may no longer be taken for granted. Many jobs will be reshaped; hard earned skillsets may be rendered obsolete in short order. The narrowing of opportunities also risks trapping more on the lower rungs of the socio-economic ladder. Income and social inequality may widen. All of this presents a comprehensive challenge for our Government, for it will impact not only the economy, but also the very fabric of our society. And time is short. The pace of change and breadth of disruption means there is far less time for the Government and our citizens, to react. It is also not only a distant problem. We are already seeing it unfold. Recent news of hiring freezes and layoffs among big tech companies in the US and other advanced economies, highlight the tangible, near-term impact of the AI disruption. We will not be immune. The first waves are already hitting our shores. Among my Mountbatten constituents, I am seeing fresh graduates struggling to find full-time jobs, and mid-career PMETs trying to pivot after losing theirs. The mid-career PMETs, with much heavier obligations, are having a hard time. Mr Speaker, I make no apologies for the frankness of my remarks so far. But I would be remiss if I do not highlight that this challenge, while daunting, carries with it enormous promise. The Chinese term for "crisis" – "危机" – combines the characters for danger and opportunity. The AI wave will be both. It will be disruptive, and perhaps painful in the short term, but it also holds immense potential for Singapore to advance, to innovate, and to capture new growths. While some jobs may become obsolete and displaced, entire new industries will emerge. New professions, new jobs will be created. Work that we cannot yet imagine will become part of the economy of tomorrow. Singapore is uniquely positioned to ride this wave. We have a highly educated, tech-savvy workforce. We have the supporting advanced infrastructure. And also, our high proportion of PMETs, in particular, can be our strategic advantage. With the right choices, together, we can transform this disruption into an era of renewed opportunity and prosperity. Conventional wisdom in economics holds that growth slows down in advanced, mature economies like ours. AI may just be one of the key enablers that allows us to break that mould. This could be the greatest opportunity of our generation. The choices before us are clear and stark. In truth, it is not even a choice. The AI disruption is here. It is unstoppable. We can either learn to ride it and thrive or be left behind. This is a challenge for our society and for every Singaporean. I am glad to note the Government has already moved decisively to position Singapore ahead. The GRIT programme will begin soon. Our national AI strategy, launched in 2019, well before ChatGPT entered our daily lives, sets out a clear and comprehensive roadmap to prepare our workforce, our infrastructure, and our economy for the transformations ahead.[+9 sentences] I actually encourage everyone to read the latest 2.0 version. The work of the Economic Strategy Review Committees will be critical in shaping the policies and initiatives that ensure Singapore is ready to confront the challenges and embrace the opportunities ahead. I look forward to their recommendations. Next, some thoughts on the Government’s response. This is a systemic challenge. It is not enough to look only at jobs and the economy. To ride this wave successfully, we must pay attention to the social impacts. In particular, we must guard against the inequality of outcomes. These stresses will be felt across society, but not equally. The most vulnerable and impacted segment of the AI disruption will, of course, be our PMETs, but they are also the ones who will power our transformation.[+14 sentences] The PMETs also form the core of our middle class. Together, they constitute the broad middle ground of our society. A healthy society always has some degree of social mobility. Some people move up, some move down. As long as we ensure that the pathway up is equally accessible to everyone, that is natural. That is to be expected. But we must guard against too many sliding down. We must especially guard against the hollowing out of the middle because when that happens, it erodes the very centre that holds us together and shakes confidence in the whole. Mr Speaker, our centre must hold. Not only are they the bedrock of our economy and drive our progress but they also embody the success and promise of the Singapore Story. We are successful, only because they are successful. Most crucially, this is because the broad middle is the one that anchors our social compact. A thriving middle class is therefore essential to our social stability and cohesion. If our middle-class shifts or gets squeezed, the ground beneath all of us becomes less steady. Our middle class has been feeling the squeeze for a long time.[+27 sentences] The pressures come from many fronts: job insecurity, a tightening labour market, inflation, rising cost of living and household debt. Many also shoulder the burdens of the sandwich class, supporting children on one side and caring for elderly parents on another. My ward, Mountbatten, has the full range of the socio-economic demographics, from rental flats to standalone bungalows. In my conversations with constituents, it is from the middle-class residents that I sense most anxiety and frustration. Our focus has always been to uplift those on the lowest rungs of the economic ladder and rightly so. They must get the most help, and they do. The wealthy, by large, can weather the storms. They are better insulated from the pressures that buffet the rest of society. But it is our middle-class that often bears the heaviest burdens. In the challenges ahead, it is this group that stands most exposed. And it is this group that has the most to lose. Mr Speaker, I worry for this particular group of people. They have been carrying the rest of us. Beyond preparing them to seize new opportunities, and guiding and supporting those who may face setbacks, I hope we can do more to lift some weight off their shoulders. I intend to speak up more for our PMETs and middle-class in this house. Lastly, some words on trust. Sir, the social compact that exists between this Government and our people rests fundamentally on trust. It is trust that underpins the partnership between Government and citizens, and it is this partnership that has allowed us to navigate many past crises together. The same will be true for the challenges that we now face. This trust is not abstract. It is derived from performance legitimacy. Performance legitimacy is formed in people's minds not from numbers and words, but from their lived experience, from what citizens actually see and feel in their daily lives, from how policies and initiatives land on the ground. Trust is not a permanent quality. It is also a finite quality. It cannot be assumed, nor can it be taken for granted. It can be eroded and must be earned and re-earned every single day. Sir, allow me to illustrate this with a concrete example, the MyCareersFuture Jobs Portal. The primary purpose of this website is laudable, to connect locals, especially PMETs, with job opportunities and to ensure that locals are given first consideration for jobs before foreign hires are brought in.[+4 sentences] After all, while we welcome foreign talent as a necessity, we should never be disadvantaged in our own country. Yet, the consistent feedback that we see online paints a rather different picture. Many reported very low call-back rates and few positive outcomes. Most applications appeared to go unnoticed. The prevailing perception is that many jobs are merely posted to meet the legal requirement of 14 days, a performative task or exercise for employers before they could go on to apply for an E Pass for a foreign candidate who has already been earmarked.[+5 sentences] To me, this is a missed opportunity and a great pity, not because the intentions were unclear, but precisely the opposite. I know the Government's motivations. Our people are truly at the heart of everything that this Government does. I spent years with the grassroots before entering this House and I have witnessed this first-hand. Yet, I know good intentions and good policies alone are never enough. Without effective execution, without thinking through how things will land on the ground, even the best initiatives can fall short of their intent.[+1 sentence] We must always be mindful of the fragile and finite nature of this trust. Each time the lived experience of our people falls short of the intentions of policy, each time the execution falters, or lands wrongly on the ground, trust gets eroded. A deep reservoir of trust still exists between the Government and our people.[+5 sentences] That is the only reason we are still here. We do live in an imperfect world and no government is perfect. But this Government is the Government of the day. The awesome responsibility of governing Singapore and the trust of our fellow citizens rests with this party. We can and we must aim to do ever better. The seeds of today's Singapore were sown by our founding fathers 60 years ago. 60 years hence, most of us who are here in this House today will not be around.[+2 sentences] But our children, and our children's children, will be. We now stand on the cusp of a brave new world. What we do here in this House for the rest of our term, is not just for the Singaporeans who are here today, but for generations yet to come.[+1 sentence] So, let us never forget that.
Mr Speaker9 words
[+1 sentence]Mr Andre Low you have a clarification to make?
Mr Low Wu Yang Andre7 words
[+1 sentence]Yes, I have a clarification to make.
Mr Speaker3 words
[+1 sentence]Please go ahead.
Mr Low Wu Yang Andre226 words
[+2 sentences]My clarification is to the hon Member for Jalan Besar GRC. I thank him for his point on the Jobseeker Support Scheme. We are in agreement on many of the objectives of that scheme.[+1 sentence] I think the WP differs on implementation. So, through the Jobseeker Support Scheme we think it is a good start, but it actually excludes even the median income earner in Singapore, because the qualifying criteria is $5,000 monthly income and also annual value of your property of $31,000 or less.[+1 sentence] Our proposal covers everybody. It is a social insurance, it is a risk-pooling approach that will allow for PMETs, which, as in my speech, I had mentioned, almost two-thirds of the Singapore workforce to largely qualify as well.[+1 sentence] Secondly, to his point on whether it is fiscally sustainable. Our approach is to have this scheme be funded largely by the premiums paid by employees and employers, and we think this is more fiscally sustainable than the Jobseeker Support Scheme, which is funded by taxpayers.[+2 sentences] The way this scheme can work is for the premium reserves to be built-up in times of relative stability, like today. So, we would say that this would have to be implemented as soon as possible so that over time these reserves can be built up and then they can be drawn down from in times of disruption.
Mr Speaker3 words
[+1 sentence]Mr Shawn Loh.
Mr Shawn Loh279 words
[+5 sentences]Thank you, Mr Speaker. I thank the Member for the clarification as well. I actually wanted to clarify my own speech, so I will make two clarifications. One, my own speech; and then, two, in response. In my own speech when I mentioned the numbers for the Jobseekers Support Scheme, as well as my back-of-the-envelope calculations for the premium collections, I may have misspoken. [restates an earlier point]I said billions instead of millions; it should be millions. So, MOM's estimated budget for this year for the Jobseekers Support Scheme is $200 million and back-of-envelope calculation for the premium collections on an annual basis is on the parameters that the Member outlined.[+2 sentences] It is about $150 million. I take the Member's point that he wants to build up premium reserves over time. I do, however, acknowledge that the MOM's budget calculations and estimates are for this year, this year's Jobs Support Scheme, not for the future but this year. That means this year, MOM expects to spend $200 million of taxpayer dollars to support the workers who need help.[+3 sentences] If that is the case, then we will not be able to build up the reserves over time if the estimate is only $160 million from this year. But the broader point is that we probably want to look at the numbers a bit closer to see what is the appropriate premium collection amount that could reflect that proposal more accurately. So, for example, if it is a targeted scheme which the Member has also acknowledged that cost $200 million this year, then a national insurance scheme should collect more premiums this year even though it is to build up its reserves over time.
[+16 sentences]Mr Speaker. I rise in support of the Motion of thanks for the President's Address. First, I wish to take this opportunity to thank the residents of Potong Pasir for their warm welcome to my team and me. Potong Pasir SMC is almost as old as Singapore. Formed in 1968, it has grown in population size by 2.6 times. The transformation that it has undergone is a fair reflection of a cross-section of our Singapore society. On the one side of Upper Serangoon Road, the mature estate of Potong Pasir with its landmark sloping roofs, rich heritage and a high number of seniors; and on the other side, the young vibrant families of the Bidadari Estate. As I spent these last few months getting to know my residents and understanding their concerns and aspirations, I find myself reflecting on the notion of well-being. According to the Oxford English Dictionary, well-being is defined as, "With reference to a person or community, the state of being healthy, happy, or prosperous; physical, psychological, or moral welfare." Today, I would like to speak a little about being healthy and happy. When I speak with retired seniors in the community, they often tell me that they hope to be physically and mentally healthy. Having led active lives in their younger years, they worry that their silver years could become mentally meaningless, physically debilitating or financially a burden to their families. For our seniors, staying healthy with affordable healthcare is about living with dignity and peace of mind. In a "we first" society, how do we ensure this? Dignity is about the quality of life in a senior's silver years. Conditions, such as cognitive impairment or the loss of any of the Activities of Daily Living, reduce their quality of life significantly, and in the eyes of a senior, his or her dignity. As the Prime Minister shared in the National Day Rally Speech this year, while we now live longer, the years that we live in good health is on average 10 years shorter.[+6 sentences] Ideally, our lifespan and our health-span should be closer. The concern that we live long but not well, is real. The increasing number of seniors who reached out to me over the last nine years, first in Paya Lebar and now in Potong Pasir to certify their Lasting Power of Attorney (LPAs) on a pro bono basis, is both heartening and concerning at the same time. While on one hand, seniors are making conscious choices with awareness on what is a very difficult and life-changing issue; on the other hand, it is clear to me, that more seniors are anxious, worried and unsettled about what could happen to them as they age. They say prevention is better than cure. Preventive healthcare for our seniors can reduce years of bad health while increasing their quality of life. With this in mind, in 2019, I helped launch the Health and Wellness Programme in Paya Lebar. The Programme provided seniors with fully subsidized flu and pneumococcal vaccinations as well as screenings for pre-dementia and osteoporosis.[+9 sentences] Many seniors in Paya Lebar benefited from the Programme. We focused on Brain and Bone Health because these are common and potentially debilitating conditions that our seniors increasingly face. The results were concerning. They showed that an overwhelming number of seniors were unaware that they suffered from mild to severe cognitive impairment and/or poor bone health. When Healthier SG was announced in 2023 with its focus on preventive healthcare, including various screenings and fully subsidised flu and pneumococcal vaccinations, it gave me cause to cheer quietly to myself as it meant that we had been on the right track. Unfortunately, Healthier SG has yet to cover screenings and support for conditions, such as pre-dementia and osteoporosis. Dementia is debilitating and scary for our seniors. Poor bone health on the other hand, leads to deteriorating mobility for our seniors, particularly after a fall. Both conditions take a tremendous toll on caregivers in the family. Pre-dementia screening and bone density tests, therefore, allow for early detection, timely intervention which can slow down the progression and better long-term planning, which gives our seniors and their families the time and opportunity to make necessary adjustments. I am, therefore, happy to announce that next month, we will be launching a similar ground-up Community Preventive Healthcare Programme in Potong Pasir for seniors where we will focus once again, on brain and bone health. We are also working on adding other aspects of preventative healthcare, such as vaccination for shingles. I hope that in the near future, the Government will consider expanding the ambit of the Healthier SG Programme, to include screening for pre-dementia, bone density tests, fully subsidised shingles vaccinations and other areas of preventive healthcare so that we can augment and support the efforts of our seniors to remain as healthy as they can be, in their silver years.[+7 sentences] Mr Speaker, for preventive healthcare to be at its most effective, we must ensure that our seniors age well in an environment that provides the right care, support and amenities tailored to their needs. If this can be created in a familiar environment within the estates that they live in, all the better. I therefore read with great interest, Minister Ong's remarks last month about Age Well Neighbourhoods. I believe that if we succeed in the four areas of expanding our Active Ageing Centres, introducing the Community Health Posts, Home Personal Care and upgrading the physical environment of such estates to suit the needs of seniors, we can create an environment where seniors can live and socialise in surroundings that they are familiar with, stay active with friends and care for their health through easily accessible preventive healthcare programmes. I understand that Toa Payoh has been selected to pilot the Age Well Neighbourhoods. Since Minister Ong is not in the Chamber, but perhaps, I could very humbly, on behalf of the seniors in Potong Pasir, make a pitch for our estate to be next. Sir, to seniors, having affordable healthcare is about having peace of mind. In Singapore, we have a thoughtfully planned healthcare financial assistance framework of S+3Ms, namely, Government Subsidies, MediSave, MediShield Life and MediFund, which provides Singaporeans with support for their medical bills at public healthcare institutions.[+7 sentences] As set out in the 1993 White Paper on Affordable Healthcare, the framework is premised on providing a sustainable healthcare system, based on the objectives of personal responsibility, avoiding over-reliance on state welfare and providing good and affordable medical services to Singaporeans. To qualify for Government subsidies, means testing applies. This has a two-prong approach. First, the per capita household income (PCHI) is assessed. If the household does not have PCHI, then the annual value of the residence is considered. By and large, it has been a progressive and fair assessment regime aimed at providing targeted assistance to Singaporeans who need it the most and many have benefited over the years. I wonder, however, if it is time for us to review the framework, particularly the assessment of our seniors' eligibility for Government subsidies, given the changing demography of Singapore and their evolving needs and circumstance. From 1990 to 2024, the median age of Singaporeans grew from 29.8 to 42.8 years. Those above the age of 65, grew from 6% to 18% of the population.[+2 sentences] As shared widely by other Members in this House, this number is set to become about one in four by 2030. At the same, time, an increasing number of seniors above the age of 65 either lives alone or alone with their spouses. In 2024, this makes up about 38.5% of households with above 65-year-olds in Singapore.[+25 sentences] Many Singaporeans above the age of 65 years are retired, or nearing retirement, often with a significantly reduced income. Conversely, their healthcare needs increase. One can argue that in the 1990s, around the time the White Paper was released, we were a younger nation, with a vibrant workforce underpinned by a strong growing economy. The general healthcare needs of a smaller pool of seniors could be supported by a larger, younger workforce. Today, however, our demographic has evolved. We have many more seniors with smaller families. They wish to live independently. Using the Annual Value (AV) of a senior's residence as part of the means test may not reflect a senior's means or financial ability. Even where seniors live with their families, financial circumstances can be challenging. Let me share an example of Mr Jeffrey Tan, which I do with his permission. I got to know Jeffrey in the middle of 2024. Jeffrey and his wife were in their 60s and, at that time, lived in a larger HDB flat. Jeffrey's father was in his 90s and was previously living in a smaller HDB home in Toa Payoh where Jeffrey grew up. As an only child, Jeffrey had arranged for his parents to move in with him. As a result of this, however, when Jeffrey’s father grew older and had more healthcare needs, Jeffrey realised that his father's entitlement to Government subsidies was significantly lower due to the AV of Jeffrey's home. Given that the household had no income, the added cost caused the family financial challenges. To his credit, in all my conversations with him, Jeffrey did not advocate for universal healthcare nor complain about the financial burden. He however shared that others like him, who had no income but had to care for their aged parents, face similar financial challenges when the ability to afford and the assessment of the level of subsidies was based on the AV of the home that they lived in. He wondered if his decision to be a responsible child, even though he himself was in his 60s and retired, had effectively penalised him and his father, financially. Mr Speaker, we have a healthcare system that is world class and serves Singaporeans well. As Minister Ong shared during the Committee of Supply debates earlier this year, the Government takes a practical approach, balancing the trade-offs in achieving the three objectives of affordability, availability and quality in our healthcare policies. It is, without a doubt, a delicate balance. In fact, the Government had recently revised the thresholds for both per capita household income and the AV criteria to include more Singaporeans within the threshold. This is an acknowledgment that public policy is contextual with time and when there are opportunities to refine, address gaps and/or respond to fundamental shifts. We must, as we always have, continue to do so. The shifting demographic and social paradigms mean that there will be more situations like Jeffrey's, each with his or her own unique circumstances. It is in this spirit that I hope that this House can, in this term of Government, consider reviewing and removing the means-testing regime for the application of subsidies for seniors in our public healthcare system.[+9 sentences] Mr Speaker, our seniors belong to a generation who put the "we" before the "I" in the endeavour of nation building. We have a duty to try to give them the best opportunity to live a life of quality with dignity and peace of mind in their silver years. Sir, I would now like to turn to the second aspect of well-being, which is happiness. At the recent Emmy Awards, the Netflix show Adolescence swept up awards for eight categories. Its grim, yet compelling portrayal of children, smartphones and social media resonated globally because it reflected a reality many of us recognise. As a father of two Gen Alpha children, I wish for them, as all parents do, to enjoy an ideal childhood, like a gentle spring season: fresh, full of promise, and unburdened by the storms of life, a time for imagination, exploration, and forming lifelong bonds with family and friends. Yet, my wife and I worry. Where once parents told children to beware of strangers outside the home, today, we must also guard against the "strangers" and dangers lurking within – in the digital world. Technology offers promise, but it has also dramatically altered childhood experiences, self-worth and social relationships over the past decade. The harmful effects of excessive screen time and social media on the young are well-documented. I am therefore heartened by the plans announced in the Ministry of Digital Development and Information's Addendum to the President's Address, to establish an Online Safety Commission and to promote healthier digital interactions for children and youth, study interventions in other countries, build on existing measures for age-appropriate access and encourage positive norms for digital well-being.[+4 sentences] I believe, Mr Speaker, that we are at an inflexion point as a society. Aside from online safety, the data and literature on the harm caused to the overall well-being of children and youths, growing up in a digital environment is well-researched and publicised. Many Members of this House would be, for example, well-versed with Jonathan Haidt's book, "The Anxious Generation". We have also all read reports that indicate that while our children are well-connected in the digital world, they remain lonely and disconnected in real life. The 2024 Lee Kuan Yew School of Public Policy-Institute of Policy Studies' Youth Survey found that more than half of young people find it easier to communicate online and feel anxious when they interact with others in person.[+1 sentence] Younger respondents also report higher levels of social isolation and loneliness. A CNA-Institute of Policy Studies survey found that youths aged 13 to 19 spend an average of 8.5 hours daily on screens.[+10 sentences] These are deeply worrying statistics. I recall watching The Emoji Movie with my children. I am not sure if Members have watched this movie. But imagine all the emojis come together, through animation, in a story about young people expressing their inner thoughts through emojis to interact with each other. To me, the movie was an excellent depiction of how our young are growing up socially in a digital world. To be fair, adults also regularly and, as a matter, of course, express emotions through emojis. However, most adults of today grew up in a less digitally enabled time and therefore are more likely to be equipped with strong relationships and real-life experiences with family and friends in the "physical world". I for one am glad that the Government is keeping a close watch on this trend and is prepared to take steps to intervene by introducing the appropriate legislative safeguards to protect our young. But will this be enough to shape behaviours especially when the digital space is all pervasive? Even if we manage to somehow reduce or limit access to the digital world for our young, it is likely to leave a gaping void that needs to be filled. While we use legislative levers to address immediate concerns and shape future behaviour, there is also a need to intervene directly in our communities and facilitate social activities and interactions for our young to fill the void.[+9 sentences] We have done this successfully for our seniors with our Active Ageing Centres. In fact, we could consider co-locating centres for our children and youth with our Active Ageing Centres. I believe both our seniors, children and youths will benefit from being close to each other with opportunities to interact. I am confident that we will have the support of many parents for such centres. In the Bidadari Estate, I have been approached by parents of young children who are prepared to put in the time to set up and run such community spaces to keep our youths engaged. They recently shared their proposal with me and I would like to share their vision statement with this House. I quote, "To create a space where parents and children can connect, learn and grow, strengthening their bonds and building resilience together. By fostering a culture of well-being, we aim to nurture a new generation of healthy, confident children and resilient, supported parents. We believe that when families flourish, communities do too", unquote. There are many like-minded parents in our community who are prepared to work with us to provide safe and engaging spaces for our youths within the community. I strongly urge the Government to leverage on the interest, resources and expertise in the community to set up such community spaces so that our young have opportunities to spend time interacting with friends, family and grow bonds in the community, the old-fashioned way, face-to-face, in person.[+5 sentences] Mr Speaker, as we work towards nurturing a "we first" society beyond SG60, we must ensure that we continue to look after our collective well-being. We are only as strong as our weakest link. We have a duty to support our seniors and for the future of the nation, ensure that our young grow up healthy, happy and safe both in the digital and the physical realms. Together with the foundations of resilience, unity and fighting spirit as a people, I am confident that we can overcome our challenges and shape a future in which we will continue to not just survive but thrive. I support the Motion.
Mr Speaker3 words
[+1 sentence]Mr Edward Chia.
Mr Edward Chia Bing Hui (Holland-Bukit Timah)1711 words
[+20 sentences]Mr Speaker, Sir, it is an honour to rise in this House and to continue serving the residents of Holland-Bukit Timah GRC, especially those in Zhenghua. My heartfelt thanks to all residents. First, I would like to declare my interest as an entrepreneur within the circular economy space, specifically running a food circularity business. I also serve as an Exco member of the Restaurant Association of Singapore and as an advisor to the Singapore Association of Ship Suppliers and Services, the National Instructors and Coaches Association, and the Visual, Audio and Creative Content Professionals Association (VICPA). I echo the President's call to refresh Singapore's economic strategies, and to build a future that is both resilient and inclusive. The world around us is shifting rapidly. Global markets, once seen as stable, are now weighed down by war, protectionist tariffs, and domestic upheavals. Multinational corporations are recalibrating supply chains and rethinking strategies, while trade itself is increasingly weaponised. In this climate, countries are competing fiercely with subsidies and incentives to win investments. Singapore cannot and should not compete on size or subsidy. We must compete on relevance, on the strength of our ecosystem. And this is why SMEs matter. They provide the embedded networks and value that anchor investors here, and they give Singapore its relevance. In uncertain times, agility often trumps scale and agility is where our SMEs shine. They are adaptable, deeply rooted in our communities and reflect the entrepreneurial spirit that built modern Singapore. Strengthening them is an economic imperative and also a social one. They enrich livelihoods, sustain communities and make Singapore a more cohesive nation. To unlock this potential, we need a mindset shift, to see SMEs as co-creators of our national transformation. To unlock the potential of our SMEs, I put forward eight recommendations. These recommendations fall under three themes, providing targeted relief with accountability, fostering collaboration that scales, and driving structural reforms that reward both economic performance and social impact. First, I propose a Targeted Restart Grant to support viable firms, particularly in sectors, like F&B, logistics, tourism and services, that continue to grapple with global supply chain disruptions and a subdued business outlook.[+8 sentences] Crucially, a Restart grant ensures that entrepreneurs with deep experience and networks are empowered to restart so that the jobs they create, the communities they anchor, and the know-how they carry are not lost, but preserved as economic and social value for our nation. This support should be conditional. It must be tied to forward-looking transformation plans, such as digitalisation, process redesign, internationalisation and workforce upskilling. The aim is not to prop up outdated business models, but to catalyse renewal and innovation. Support should be structured with clear milestones, co-funding ratios and sunset clauses. Firms that meet their transformation goals could tap into productivity credits and other grants. Those who do not should exit the support framework to safeguard public value. In short, Mr Speaker, we must help experience restart, not expire. Beyond restarting, SMEs will also need time to rebuild. This is why my second proposal is to give SMEs more breathing space when it comes to financing. This could include extending loan tenures, offer repayment flexibility or introducing principal moratoriums, especially for firms undergoing transformation.[+8 sentences] These measures should be calibrated with risk-based pricing and require recipients to commit to basic financial reporting and cashflow transparency. In my maiden speech, I called for repayment schemes to go beyond rent arrears. Today, I reiterate that we should extend them to a wider range of obligations – personal guarantees, insurance bonds, trade financing and term loans. Just as the COVID-19 framework gave many businesses a lifeline, such calibrated extensions can give SMEs the time and confidence to press on with transformation. At the same time, we cannot rely on traditional banks alone. Alternative financing models must be expanded – revenue-based financing and venture debt designed for SMEs. These instruments are especially crucial for high-growth sectors, like agri-tech, clean energy, health tech and the digital economy, where upfront investment is heavy but long-term returns can be transformative for Singapore’s future. In short, we must give SMEs not just capital, but also time, because time is the oxygen they need to grow, adapt and thrive. Third, we must actively encourage SMEs to form consortiums and project joint ventures.[+7 sentences] Forming consortiums allows SMEs to pool talent, share resources and punch above their weight for larger contracts. To facilitate this, agencies can provide higher grant quantums for firms that collaborate in enterprise around projects, seeking greater collaborative ventures. Beyond this, the Government should enhance grant support and offer favourable financing terms for consortiums, including joint training programmes, shared intellectual property frameworks and common procurement platforms. Trade associations and chambers of commerce should act as neutral convenors and custodians, ensuring accountability and fair distribution of benefits, while giving SMEs the confidence to collaborate at scale. In short, by encouraging collaboration, we multiply the impact of our SMEs, turning small firms into a connected ecosystem that strengthens Singapore’s competitiveness and resilience. Fourth, we must improve payment terms to ease cash flow for SMEs. Delayed payments from large corporates or Government-linked entities can cripple small businesses. The Government can lead by example to commit to shorter standard payment terms, ideally within 30 days.[+2 sentences] In addition, I propose introducing automatic late-payment interest clauses to encourage discipline and predictability. This should also include the timely disbursement of grants once project milestones are met. To institutionalise this further, we implement procurement performance scorecard that tracks payment timeliness and SME participation across the public sector.[+1 sentence] Fifth, I call for a more efficient regulatory system. For SMEs, every month spent waiting for approvals is a month of lost opportunity. We must set clear standards with publishable timelines, expand "silent approvals" for low-risk applications and adopt sandboxes so that new business models can be tested safely.[+7 sentences] And to make this stick, we should institutionalise a scorecard that tracks timeliness of approvals across public agencies. My sixth proposal addresses the issue of rising manpower costs. While the PWM is a critical and necessary step toward uplifting lower-wage workers and affirming the dignity of labour, we must also acknowledge the strain it is placing on our SMEs. Many are struggling to keep pace with mandated wage increases, especially when productivity gains take time to realise and passing on costs to consumers risks pricing them out of the market. This pressure is further compounded by the rising total cost of foreign manpower, fuelled by higher dormitory costs, steeper qualifying salaries and persistent foreign worker levies. Let us recall that these levies were originally intended to guard against wage suppression. But in sectors already governed by PWM, where wage ladders are clearly structured and enforced, such levies are increasingly redundant, even counterproductive. They burden SMEs without offering meaningful additional safeguards for workers. I, hence, urge the Government to undertake a comprehensive review of the foreign worker levy framework in PWM-covered sectors. Targeted levy reductions or time-bound rebates, similar to those introduced during the pandemic, should be considered.[+6 sentences] My seventh proposal addresses rent, a structural issue that continues to weigh heavily on our SMEs. For years, SMEs have called for greater rent data transparency. Why? Because transparency levels the playing field. It ensures fairer negotiations and it allows businesses to make informed decisions. In the residential property market, URA already publishes rent and property sale values, giving tenants and buyers clarity. Government landlords have also published land and rental data.[+1 sentence] These are positive precedents. This is why I call on URA to extend this practice and publish commercial rent data in a format similar to that used for residential properties.[+27 sentences] In addition to transparency, as the largest landowner in Singapore, the Government has the opportunity and also the responsibility to shape how market systems evolve. I propose that public tenancy evaluations scale and expand the Price Quality Method. Crucially, "quality" component should reflect not just financial bids, but also social and environmental value. This can be aligned with the Corporate Purpose framework under the Company of Good by the National Voluntary and Philanthropy Centre, where firms are assessed not only on profits, but on their contributions to people, society, governance, environment and the economy. Firms recognised with one to three hearts, or as Champions of Good, could then be awarded proportionate scoring in tenancy evaluations. Because, Mr Speaker, our enterprises are not just economic agents, they are also social change agents and a rent model that rewards placemaking, inclusivity and sustainability will strengthen businesses and enrich Singapore. Lastly, we must acknowledge that automation requires space, both physical and financial. Automated operations often involve additional infrastructure. For example, an automated production line may require space for conveyance systems, robotic arms, storage buffers, or automated sorting and quality control stations. These spatial needs can significantly increase upfront costs and logistics complexity, particularly for SMEs operating in compact facilities. For such businesses, I propose that the Government offer property tax relief, accelerated capital allowances, longer lease tenures, calibrated foreign worker levy reductions, provided these are tagged to productivity gains and worker upskilling outcomes. Such support would lower the barriers to automation adoption, while ensuring that public resources lead to real, measurable improvements in efficiency, skills development and competitiveness. Mr Speaker, Sir, our SMEs already contribute 50% of our Singapore's GDP and employ nearly 70% of our workforce. That alone shows how vital they are and how much more we can unlock if we support them better and support them now. It may be tempting to focus on larger enterprises for quick wins in GDP and jobs. But SMEs are not just smaller versions of multinational enterprises (MNEs). They are the backbone of our ecosystem. They provide the networks, the know-how and the connections that make Singapore attractive to global investors. And when MNEs bring in technology and market access, SMEs gain, scale-up and innovate. Stronger SMEs mean better jobs: progressive, higher-value, future-ready jobs for Singaporeans. They anchor communities, build skills and nurture innovation. By growing our SME sector, we create a pipeline of local global champions. We stabilise our economy. We build resilience. And we ensure Singapore remains relevant, wherever and whatever the future economic order may be. Strong SMEs, better jobs, a resilient and inclusive Singapore. Mr Speaker, Sir, I support the Motion.
Mr Speaker3 words
[+1 sentence]Mr Sharael Taha.
Impact of Tokenize Xchange Operations Cessation and Recourse for Customers›Written Answers to Questions2 turns · 370w
· 0 highlighted
written-answer-19767
Mr Chua Kheng Wee Louis50 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Prime Minister and Minister for Finance (a) what is the number of customers in Singapore who have been impacted by the ceasing of operations of Tokenize Xchange; (b) what is the amount of funds that have been impacted; and (c) what is the recourse for customers in Singapore.
Mr Gan Kim Yong (for the Prime Minister)320 words
[+14 sentences]Amazingtech Pte Ltd (ATPL), the operator of Tokenize Xchange, was not licensed by the Monetary Authority of Singapore (MAS) but was operating under a temporary exemption as part of the transitional arrangements when the Payment Services Act 2019 came into force. ATPL's status as a non-licensed entity was disclosed on MAS' website and ATPL's customer agreement. This exemption would end when its application was withdrawn, approved or rejected. Following MAS' rejection of its licence application, ATPL was required to wind down its payment services business in an orderly manner. Subsequent developments showed that ATPL was unable to meet its obligations to customers. On 15 August 2025, ATPL was placed under interim judicial management by way of a High Court order following a petition by several creditors. As ATPL is not regulated by MAS, we do not have the information requested by Mr Chua. We note that the appointed interim judicial managers (IJMs) submitted a report to the High Court on 9 September 2025, which estimated the total amount owing to customers in monies and digital assets at $266.3 million as of 15 August 2025. As of 9 September 2025, 2,241 customers had lodged their details with the IJMs. Customers of ATPL should register their information with the IJMs if they have not already done so. MAS has taken a consistent position advising members of the public that crypto is not suitable for retail investors and to deal only with licensed entities. This year, MAS through MoneySense has also made further efforts to raise awareness among the public about potential fraudulent schemes under the guise of crypto. In MoneySense materials, members of the public have been warned about risks, such as rug-pulling and pump-and-dump schemes. Members of the public should exercise extreme caution and stay away from putting their monies with parties they do not know and in schemes that are high risk, unsuitable and which they do not fully understand.
Strengthening Financial Governance, Procurement Practices and IT Controls across Government and Addressing Recurring Lapses›Written Answers to Questions2 turns · 326w
· 0 highlighted
written-answer-19768
Mr Saktiandi Supaat56 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Prime Minister and Minister for Finance (a) what systemic measures is the Government taking to strengthen financial governance, procurement practices, and IT controls across Ministries and statutory boards in response to the Auditor-General's Report FY2024/2025; and (b) how will the public be assured that recurring lapses flagged in past audit cycles are being addressed.
Mr Lawrence Wong270 words
[+13 sentences]The Government takes the Auditor-General's findings seriously and has implemented measures to strengthen financial governance, procurement practices and information technology (IT) controls. These measures include: a. Improving the knowledge and capabilities of public sector officers to better handle financial, procurement and IT control tasks in accordance with established policies and procedures. In response to the Auditor-General Office's (AGO's) findings, we are updating training programmes and other learning resources to better equip officers to identify key risk areas when evaluating or managing contracts. We are also stepping up the training of information and communication officers, including on threat modelling and privileged account management, so that they are better equipped to perform their roles. b. Enhancing IT controls and monitoring. Agencies are expected to regularly assess risks to their systems and implement appropriate mitigating controls. Systems with more significant impact are subject to more stringent requirements on the IT controls that should be in place. Where there are critical gaps or vulnerabilities identified, GovTech guides agencies to put in place more robust safeguards, including stricter access rights validation and tapping on automation to reduce human error in account management. In response to all AGO observations both past and present, agencies take steps to identify root causes, rectify gaps and tighten internal controls. Agencies' internal auditors track the implementation of corrective action, provide independent assessment of the robustness of agencies' controls, as well as raise issues to be remediated in a timely manner. Areas for improvement are shared across public agencies. We will take onboard the lessons learnt to continually improve our processes, controls and systems, and strengthen responsible management of public resources.
Increasing Financial Support for Seniors Living Alone for Healthcare, Social Services and Housing›Written Answers to Questions2 turns · 349w
· 0 highlighted
written-answer-19769
Mr Lee Hong Chuang39 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Prime Minister and Minister for Finance whether the Government is considering to provide increased financial support or subsidies targeted at seniors living alone to help them access better healthcare, social services, or housing tailored to their needs.
Mr Lawrence Wong310 words
[+14 sentences]The Government has recently enhanced several subsidy schemes for healthcare, social support, and housing. These schemes support seniors living alone, especially the lower-income or those with little or no family support. For healthcare, seniors benefit from substantial subsidies at public hospitals and polyclinics, and for long-term care services. At Budget 2025, the Government announced enhancements to long-term care subsidies and grants, including additional subsidies for older cohorts born in 1969 or earlier. For social support, seniors who had lower incomes during their working years and who now have less in retirement receive quarterly cash payments through the Silver Support Scheme. From 2025, eligible seniors can receive up to $1,080 each quarter, up from $900 previously. Other measures such as the permanent GST Voucher scheme, which includes cash payments, MediSave top-ups, U-Save and rebates for Service and Conservancy Charges, provide additional help. On housing, a range of options from shorter-lease 2-room Flexi flats to Community Care Apartments are available. Seniors who right-size to smaller flats may also benefit from the Silver Housing Bonus, which will provide a cash bonus of up to $40,000 from December 2025. Within their homes, the Enhancement for Active Seniors (EASE) programme subsidises home fittings to help seniors live safely. Beyond subsidies and financial support, we are also strengthening community and estate-level support for seniors. The Silver Generation Office conducts outreach to all Singaporeans aged 60 and above to identify seniors with needs, and connects them to appropriate care and support services, while Active Ageing Centres provide programmes and social support to help seniors stay connected. We are also piloting Age Well Neighbourhoods, which bring senior-friendly infrastructure and services into existing estates so that seniors can age well in familiar communities. We will continue to review and strengthen our schemes to ensure that all seniors, especially those living alone, can age with dignity and peace of mind.
Security Deposit Limits for Code of Conduct for Leasing of Retail Premises and Review Process›Written Answers to Questions2 turns · 178w
· 0 highlighted
written-answer-19770
Mr Ng Shi Xuan67 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Deputy Prime Minister and Minister for Trade and Industry (a) how is the upper limit of three months’ gross rent for security deposits determined in the latest Code of Conduct for Leasing of Retail Premises; (b) when will be the next review of the Code; and (c) whether the Ministry has reviewed the appropriateness of the upper limit for security deposits in the two revisions.
Mr Gan Kim Yong111 words
[+4 sentences]The Code of Conduct (CoC) for Leasing of Retail Premises was developed by the Fair Tenancy Industry Committee (FTIC) comprising tenant and landlord representatives. The upper limit of three months' gross rent for security deposits set out in the CoC was based on the prevailing industry practice to require security deposits of three to six months of gross rent for a three-year retail lease. Setting the upper limit at three months seeks to strike a balance between avoiding undue strain on tenants' cashflow and protecting landlords against the cost of unit reinstatement. The review of the CoC is ongoing and is expected to be completed by the first half of 2026.
Data on Retail Premises Subject to Code of Conduct for Leasing of Retail Premises›Written Answers to Questions2 turns · 75w
· 0 highlighted
written-answer-19771
Mr Ng Shi Xuan62 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Deputy Prime Minister and Minister for Trade and Industry with regard to retail premises with a qualifying lease subject to the Code of Conduct for Leasing of Retail Premises, what is the breakdown of the number of retail premises (i) in intervals of 1,000 square feet up to 5,000 square feet and (ii) that are more than 5,000 square feet.
Mr Gan Kim Yong13 words
[+1 sentence]We do not have the requested data, as the leases are private agreements.
Making Government Business Support Materials and Resources Available in Chinese for SMEs and Micro-enterprises›Written Answers to Questions2 turns · 99w
· 0 highlighted
written-answer-19772
Mr Lee Hong Chuang46 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Deputy Prime Minister and Minister for Trade and Industry whether the Ministry will consider expanding the availability of Government (i) business support materials (ii) grant application guides and (iii) SME portals, in Chinese, to ensure inclusivity for Chinese-speaking business owners, especially the traditional micro-enterprise.
Mr Gan Kim Yong53 words
[+2 sentences]Businesses can access materials such as brochures on small and medium enterprise (SME) support in Singapore’s four official languages, namely English, Malay, Mandarin and Tamil, on Enterprise Singapore's website. Businesses can also receive business advisory support in the official languages through the respective Singapore Malay, Chinese and Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry.
Supporting SMEs in Navigating Overseas Regulatory Challenges and Geopolitical Risks›Written Answers to Questions2 turns · 343w
· 0 highlighted
written-answer-19773
Mr Lee Hong Chuang43 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Deputy Prime Minister and Minister for Trade and Industry whether the Government has any plans to provide further support to Singaporean small and medium enterprises (SMEs) operating or expanding overseas, particularly in navigating regulatory challenges or geopolitical risks in regional markets.
Mr Gan Kim Yong300 words
[+9 sentences]Given our small domestic market, our local enterprises have to look at markets outside of Singapore in order to grow. The Government is committed to supporting our companies to sell and expand overseas. At this year's Committee of Supply Debate, we announced the permanent doubling of the maximum quantum for trade loans under the Enterprise Financing Scheme to $10 million to improve access to trade financing. We also extended the Double Tax Deduction for Internationalisation by five years, and the enhanced $100,000 grant cap for each new market under the Market Readiness Assistance scheme by a year to defray costs relating to overseas market expansion. EnterpriseSG also has more than 35 overseas centres globally that support Singapore companies seeking new opportunities in markets around the world by providing market information, intelligence and help to facilitate introductions to in-market partners. In addition, EnterpriseSG works with Trade Association and Chambers to provide resources to help small and medium enterprises (SMEs) grow internationally. For instance, the Singapore Business Federation (SBF) and Singapore Chinese Chamber of Commerce and Industry provide support to SMEs via the GlobalConnect programme, which includes market advisory services and business trips for companies to explore and pursue overseas opportunities, as well as introductions to overseas partners for market entry and expansion. To help businesses navigate the current uncertainties and challenges due to the external economic environment, we partnered SBF to launch the Centre for the Future of Trade and Investment in July 2024, to advise companies on tariff and Free Trade Agreement related queries. The Singapore Economic Resilience Taskforce also announced on 10 July 2025 that the Government will be introducing the Business Adaptation Grant in October 2025 to help eligible firms which have been impacted by United States trade tariffs adapt their business operations and strengthen supply chain resilience.
Enforcement Actions to Address Illegal U-turns and Zebra Crossing Violations›Written Answers to Questions2 turns · 109w
· 0 highlighted
written-answer-19774
Mr Edward Chia Bing Hui45 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Coordinating Minister for National Security and Minister for Home Affairs (a) whether the Ministry will consider installing cameras to enforce against illegal U-turns; and (b) what is the latest average monthly deployment of enforcement personnel to address illegal U-turns and zebra crossing violations.
Mr K Shanmugam64 words
[+5 sentences]The Traffic Police (TP) will roll out new Traffic Violation Enforcement Cameras by 2026. These cameras will enhance enforcement against various traffic violations, including illegal U-turns. TP deploys officers islandwide, with a focus on accident-prone locations and violation hotspots. They do not focus only on illegal U-turns and zebra crossing violations. The number of officers deployed varies, depending on operational needs and manpower constraints.
Criteria to Revoke Permanent Residency or Work Pass when Committing Criminal Offences in Singapore›Written Answers to Questions2 turns · 104w
· 0 highlighted
written-answer-19775
Mr Dennis Tan Lip Fong40 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Coordinating Minister for National Security and Minister for Home Affairs in what circumstances will (i) Permanent Residents and (ii) Work Pass holders have their permanent residency or Work Pass revoked when they commit a criminal offence in Singapore.
Mr K Shanmugam64 words
[+2 sentences]Foreigners, including Singapore Permanent Residents and Work Pass holders, who break our laws or engage in undesirable conduct may have their passes or permits cancelled and be prohibited from re-entry into Singapore. There is a framework to assess such cases, based on the facts, the nature and severity of the incident, the person's family roots here, and the contributions of the person to Singapore.
Feasibility Study on Regulating Chance-based Monetisation Mechanism in Video Games to Safeguard Young Consumers›Written Answers to Questions2 turns · 101w
· 0 highlighted
written-answer-19776
Mr Melvin Yong Yik Chye70 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Coordinating Minister for National Security and Minister for Home Affairs in view of the recent global regulatory developments on loot boxes, which include requirements for probability disclosure and parental consent in the US, South Korea and China, whether the Ministry will study and consider the feasibility of implementing similar measures in Singapore to safeguard consumers, particularly youths, from the risks associated with chance-based monetisation mechanics in video games.
Mr K Shanmugam31 words
[+1 sentence]The Ministry of Home Affairs and the Gambling Regulatory Authority will review the Member's suggestions on probability disclosure and parental consent to reduce the gambling inducement risks relating to loot boxes.
Challenges in Safeguarding Youths from Extremist Ideologies vis-a-vis Evolving Digital Landscape›Written Answers to Questions2 turns · 659w
· 0 highlighted
written-answer-19777
Mr Zhulkarnain Abdul Rahim63 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Coordinating Minister for National Security and Minister for Home Affairs in light of recent restriction orders issued against youths influenced by a wide range of extremist ideologies (a) what challenges does ISD face in keeping pace with the evolving threat landscape and rapid change in technology and social media trends; and (b) how are our youths being safeguarded from such influences.
Mr K Shanmugam596 words
[+27 sentences]Since 2015, following the rise of the Islamic State in Iraq and Syria (ISIS), the Internal Security Department (ISD) has dealt with 18 youths, aged 20 or below, under the Internal Security Act (ISA). Nine had intentions to mount attacks in Singapore. All were self-radicalised online. The range of extremist ideologies and motivations that can radicalise an individual has become more diverse over the years. In recent times, ISD has issued ISA orders against four youths who were self-radicalised by far-right ideologies, and one who subscribed to a mix of extremist ideologies. The Internet has been pivotal in facilitating radicalisation. It provides a ready and easily accessible source of extremist material and terrorist propaganda. Social media platforms, encrypted online platforms and gaming-based communities have also increasingly played a role in radicalisation and terrorist recruitment. These private spaces are digital echo chambers, where one's radical beliefs are reinforced through access to the copious amounts of extremist materials circulated in the spaces, and through interaction with other extremist or terrorist elements who are also in there. It can now take mere months, if not weeks, from the point where a youth encounters such online material, to the point of his or her radicalisation. The accelerated speed of radicalisation has meant shorter lead times for threat detection and intervention. The Government takes a multi-pronged approach to address the threat of youth radicalisation. Legislative levers have been strengthened through the introduction of the Online Safety (Miscellaneous Amendments) Act and the Online Criminal Harms Act to block or remove harmful materials, including content that advocates violence and terrorism. Agencies, including ISD, leverage multiple touchpoints to sensitise youths and those who regularly interact with them, to the threat of radicalisation, and encourage early reporting of suspected radicalisation cases. For example, ISD has partnered with the Ministry of Education (MOE) to conduct counter-terrorism and counter-radicalisation workshops for educators, school counsellors, student welfare officers, and students. ISD and MOE have also jointly produced an online guide for parents and guardians on protecting their children from radicalisation. Community partners such as the Religious Rehabilitation Group (RRG) and the Interagency Aftercare Group (ACG) conduct regular outreach to youths through counter-ideology forums and school assembly talks, and visits to the RRG’s Resource and Counselling Centre. In schools, students learn about the negative impact of extreme ideas and prejudice on societies in Social Studies and History lessons. In Character and Citizenship Education, students learn to develop empathy and respect for others, recognise risks in the digital space, and use the internet safely and responsibly. They also develop critical skills to help them discern the reliability of information and learn to maintain vigilance against harmful online content. Beyond schools, the Government has put in place public education efforts to help Singaporeans navigate the digital space and safeguard against digital risks. As an example, the National Library Board's (NLB’s) S.U.R.E. (Source, Understand, Research, Evaluate) Programme, was launched in 2013 to strengthen Singaporeans’ resilience to misinformation and online falsehoods. The Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA), as well as our community and religious organisations, such as Majlis Ugama Islam Singapura (MUIS), has also leveraged the popularity of online platforms amongst youths. For instance, MHA launched the SGSecure Instagram and TikTok accounts in 2024 to share key advisories on radicalisation using bite-sized videos and posts. In 2019, MUIS launched the Muslim.SG website, which educates youths about Islam’s inherent values, and promotes messages of peace, tolerance, and compassion. MUIS has also worked with the Asatizah Youth Network, a group of young religious teachers, to provide guidance against youth radicalisation both online and in person.
Breakdown of Data on Residential Fires in HDB Flats by Cause and Type of Active Mobility Devices›Written Answers to Questions2 turns · 112w
· 0 highlighted
written-answer-19778
Mr Dennis Tan Lip Fong64 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Coordinating Minister for National Security and Minister for Home Affairs (a) what proportion of the residential fires in HDB flats this year are caused by active mobility devices (AMDs) or their batteries; (b) of the fires due to AMDs or their batteries, what is the breakdown by the three main types of devices: (i) mobility scooters; (ii) electric bicycles; and (iii) e-scooters.
Mr K Shanmugam48 words
[+2 sentences]In the first half of 2025, fires involving Active Mobility Devices or their batteries accounted for less than 2%, or eight cases, of the fires in Housing and Development Board flats. Of these, one and seven fires were attributable to Power Assisted Bicycles and Personal Mobility Devices respectively.
Security Measures to Prevent Incursions into SAF Training Areas and Ensuring Public Safety›Written Answers to Questions2 turns · 170w
· 0 highlighted
written-answer-19779
Mr Zhulkarnain Abdul Rahim71 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Coordinating Minister for Public Services and Minister for Defence in light of the recent case of a cyclist intruding into a live-firing exercise within the restricted area of the Central Catchment Nature Reserve, what are the measures that the SAF has taken to ensure security of the area to prevent any incursion into similar training or live-firing areas for the safety of SAF personnel and members of the public.
Mr Chan Chun Sing99 words
[+4 sentences]Under the Military Manoeuvres Act, unauthorised persons are not allowed to enter restricted areas designated for Singapore Armed Forces (SAF) live firing in consideration for their own safety. Clear and visible signs warning the public are displayed at various entry points leading to these areas. The signs were in place during the incident where a cyclist was injured, when he wilfully trespassed into a restricted area in June 2025. After the incident, the National Parks Board and the SAF have added more warning signs in the vicinity to remind members of the public to stay out of restricted areas.
[+1 sentence]asked the Coordinating Minister for Public Services and Minister for Defence (a) what lessons has the Ministry learnt from recent cyber threats to strengthen Singapore’s cyber defence; and (b) whether there are plans to expand cyber defence units within the SAF, including greater recruitment of cyber specialists through national servicemen and regular servicemen.
Mr Chan Chun Sing247 words
[+10 sentences]Cyber threats are constantly evolving, and the lines between cyber threats in the military and civilian domains are increasingly blurred. The Singapore Armed Forces' (SAF's) Digital and Intelligence Service (DIS) works closely with other Government agencies and key private sector organisations in defending Singapore’s critical information infrastructure. Through these collaborations, including in responding to specific threats, the DIS also derives useful insight for its further development. In terms of organisational structure, the DIS inaugurated a Defence Cyber Command (DCCOM) earlier this year that consolidates the SAF's cybersecurity entities to strengthen capabilities and operations. DCCOM also serves a focal point that deepens the DIS' partnership with the Cyber Security Agency of Singapore (CSA), other Government agencies, and critical information infrastructure owners in areas such as operations, training and sharing of technical expertise. On the manpower front, the DIS will continue to strengthen its pipeline of cyber talent through a variety of initiatives. It works with schools, through the Sentinel Programme, to engage Singaporean youths early and equip them with cyber defence skills. The DIS has also introduced a Cyber Work-Learn Scheme with several polytechnics and universities where their students can take on advanced operational cyber roles during their National Service or Regular Service, while undergoing their diploma or degree courses. For Operationally Ready National Servicemen, those who have relevant skills to contribute to cyber defence can be redeployed to the DIS. We will continue to expand the number of ways that National Servicemen can contribute in the DIS.
Evaluating MediSave Withdrawal Limit to Address Healthcare Costs, Evolving Medical Technologies and Changing Needs›Written Answers to Questions2 turns · 153w
· 0 highlighted
written-answer-19781
Ms Elysa Chen47 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Coordinating Minister for Social Policies and Minister for Health what are the Ministry's upcoming plans to re-evaluate the MediSave withdrawal limit including the consideration on regularity of reviews or public consultations in response to shifting healthcare costs, evolving medical technologies and changing needs of Singaporeans.
Mr Ong Ye Kung106 words
[+5 sentences]MediSave withdrawal limits are reviewed regularly. For example, this year, we announced that the withdrawal limits for the Flexi-MediSave Scheme and Outpatient Scans will be raised from $300 to $400, and $300 to $600 respectively. Flexi-MediSave will also be extended to costlier dental treatments, like root canals and permanent crowns. The objective of MediSave is to help Singaporeans save for their future healthcare needs, especially for major acute episodes, which tend to happen when one grows old. Enhancements to MediSave are therefore considered carefully to strike a balance between defraying current healthcare expenditure and ensuring that Singaporeans have enough MediSave to meet their future healthcare needs.
Mental Health Support for Adults Facing Multiple Stressors and Improved Data for Targeted Intervention›Written Answers to Questions2 turns · 190w
· 0 highlighted
written-answer-19783
Mr Gabriel Lam72 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Coordinating Minister for Social Policies and Minister for Health (a) what mental health programmes are being designed or deployed for working adults aged 30 to 39 facing combined stressors from parenting, caregiving, and economic insecurity; and (b) whether the Ministry will consider publishing more granular data on suicide attempts, not just deaths, and including indicators such as socioeconomic status, employment, and family background to improve targeting of mental health interventions.
Mr Ong Ye Kung118 words
[+5 sentences]The Ministry of Health has established various first stop touchpoints such as the national mindline 1771, mindline.sg, and the Community Outreach Teams to simplify and enhance access to support for individuals in mental distress. For working adults in particular, the tripartite partners have issued the Tripartite Advisory on Mental Health and Well-Being at Workplaces to encourage employers to adopt measures to support the mental well-being of their employees. The Health Promotion Board's Workplace Outreach Wellness Programme provides employers with resources and funding to improve employee mental well-being. Data on suicide deaths is published by the Immigrations and Checkpoints Authority annually, based on data from the Registry of Deaths. There is currently no comprehensive data source for suicide attempts.
Dementia and Osteoporosis Rates Among Seniors Over 70 and Preventive Screening Plans›Written Answers to Questions2 turns · 108w
· 0 highlighted
written-answer-19784
Mr Alex Yeo63 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Coordinating Minister for Social Policies and Minister for Health (a) what is the current percentage of seniors above the age of 70 diagnosed with dementia and osteoporosis; and (b) whether the Ministry has plans to include as part of the Healthier SG Programme, screening for pre-dementia and osteoporosis which are common and potentially debilitating medical conditions among seniors in the community.
Mr Ong Ye Kung45 words
[+3 sentences]About 11% and 16% of seniors above 70 years old have dementia and osteoporosis respectively, based on data in 2023. Care protocols for dementia and osteoporosis are being developed under Healthier SG. The protocols will cover evidence-based screening assessments and clinical management of the conditions.
Improving Recycling Rates within Businesses and Residential Areas and Creating One-stop Recyclables Collection Centres›Written Answers to Questions2 turns · 372w
· 0 highlighted
written-answer-19787
Mr Zhulkarnain Abdul Rahim64 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Minister for Sustainability and the Environment (a) whether the Ministry can provide an update on the measures taken to promote recycling and increase the domestic recycling rate within businesses and residential areas in Singapore; and (b) whether NEA can consider co-locating various recycling bins for textile, e-waste, paper and recyclable plastic products, in a one-stop recyclables collection centre for convenience of users.
Ms Grace Fu Hai Yien308 words
[+9 sentences]My reply will also address related Parliamentary Questions on efforts to promote recycling filed by Ms Hany Soh and Mr Foo Cexiang for the Sitting on or after 24 September 2025 and 25 September 2025 respectively. [Please refer to "Measures to Boost and Improve Paper and Domestic Recycling Rate", Official Report, 24 September 2025, Vol 96, Issue 4, Written Answers to Questions for Oral Answer not Answered by End of Question Time section.] [Please refer to "Strategies to Reduce Contamination of Blue Recycling Bins", Official Report, 25 September 2025, Vol 96, Issue 5, Written Answers to Questions for Oral Answer not Answered by End of Question Time section.] The Government has worked with businesses and the community to introduce measures and initiatives to promote recycling. Examples include the launch of extended producer responsibility schemes for priority waste streams, progressive implementation of food waste segregation for large commercial and industrial food waste generators, and continued enhancements to our National Recycling Programme, such as by increasing the collection frequency for recyclables. The beverage container return scheme for plastic and metal beverage containers will also be launched next April. Although we have achieved some progress in reducing waste generation, domestic recycling remains a challenge, and we are actively exploring ways to reduce contamination and improve the recycling rate. The National Environment Agency will press on with public education and outreach efforts, such as the Recycle Right campaign, to improve awareness of proper sorting practices. We are encouraged that community partners, such as Public Waste Collectors, non-profit organisations and Town Councils have come forward to trial source-segregated recycling via smart recycling bins, as well as co-locate dedicated recycling bins in malls and Housing and Development Board void decks. We will continue to review these measures. We are also looking at strengthening support for paper recycling and will share more details when ready.
SkillsFuture Credit Usage towards Professional Licensure or Examination Fees›Written Answers to Questions2 turns · 145w
· 0 highlighted
written-answer-19794
Mr David Hoe47 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Minister for Education (a) whether the $4,000 SkillsFuture Credit (Mid-Career) can be used for professional licensure or examination fees; (b) if not, what is the rationale; and (c) whether the Ministry will consider piloting a capped, outcomes-based list of employability-critical exams eligible for SkillsFuture Credit.
Mr Desmond Lee98 words
[+4 sentences]Today, the SkillsFuture Credit (Mid-Career) of $4,000 can be used only for training fees and cannot be used to offset professional examination fees, as our key focus is to encourage take-up of substantive training among mid-career Singaporeans. We have extended the SkillsFuture Credit base tier, which comprises the opening credit of $500 and a one-off top-up of $500 in 2020, to cover about 360 examination-only certifications. These certifications are recognised by the industry and supported by the relevant public agency overseeing the sector. We will continue to review how the SkillsFuture Credit can support industry-relevant training and certifications.
Establishing GenAI Guidelines across Autonomous Universities and Penalties against Misuse›Written Answers to Questions2 turns · 117w
· 0 highlighted
written-answer-19795
Mr David Hoe51 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Minister for Education whether there are plans to issue regulations or directives for (i) autonomous universities (AUs) to publish module-level GenAI usage rules distinguishing assistive/formatting tools from content generation (ii) due-process requirements in disciplinary proceedings alleging GenAI misuse and (iii) proportional and coherent penalties for GenAI misuse across AUs.
Mr Desmond Lee66 words
[+1 sentence]The Ministry of Education will provide an oral reply to this Parliamentary Question (PQ), together with other PQs which have been filed on this topic, at the next available opportunity. [Please refer to "Guidelines Encouraging Responsible Use of Artificial Intelligence in Schools", Official Report, 24 September 2025, Vol 96, Issue 4, Written Answers to Questions for Oral Answer not Answered by End of Question Time section.]
Findings of Past and Current Reviews on School Policies towards Bullying and Hurtful Behaviours›Written Answers to Questions2 turns · 97w
· 0 highlighted
written-answer-19796
Mr Chua Kheng Wee Louis54 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Minister for Education (a) when was the last review of school policies on bullying and hurtful behaviours in schools made; (b) what were the outcomes of the review; (b) what is the targeted completion date of the current review; and (c) whether the full findings of the review will be made public.
Mr Desmond Lee43 words
[+1 sentence]This question has been addressed as part of the oral reply to Questions Nos 1 to 12 on 23 September 2025.
Development of Frameworks to Track Recent Graduates' Long-term Employability and Mitigate Risks of Skills Obsolescence›Written Answers to Questions2 turns · 580w
· 0 highlighted
written-answer-19797
Mr Low Wu Yang Andre65 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Minister for Education in view of the rapid advancements of AI (a) what frameworks are being developed with our Institutes of Higher Learning to (i) guide the review of curricula and (ii) track and mitigate the risk of skills obsolescence for recent graduates; and (b) what new metrics will be used to measure the long-term employability of recent graduates in an AI-driven economy.
Mr Desmond Lee515 words
[+19 sentences]The Government closely monitors the employment outcomes of fresh graduates and workers through (a) the Ministry of Education's (MOE's) Graduate Employment Survey (GES) conducted six months after graduation, and (b) the Ministry of Manpower's Labour Force Survey. The employment rates of fresh graduates six months post-graduation have remained broadly stable over the decade, with some year-to-year fluctuations due to economic cycles and cyclical changes at the sector level. Median salaries for fresh graduates have continued to rise year-on-year, increasing by 3% to 5% in 2024. The long-term unemployment rate of younger workers under 30 years has remained low at between 0.6% to 1.2% between June 2024 and June 2025. Notwithstanding the current global and economic uncertainty, the employment rates of the 2025 graduating cohort as of June 2025 remained comparable to the 2024 graduating cohort at the corresponding time last year. That said, many undergraduates and fresh graduates may be concerned about their job prospects in the current economic climate, and their employability given how rapidly new technologies like Artificial Intelligence (AI) are reshaping industries and jobs. The Institutes of Higher Learning (IHLs) seek to align their curriculum with evolving industry needs, including through exposing students to industry-focused applications of AI. First, IHLs regularly review their curriculum and course offerings in consultation with sector agencies and industry partners. Where appropriate, IHLs partner industry to design, deliver, assess and certify curriculum. For example, under Nanyang Polytechnic's Professional Competency Model, two AI-related diploma courses directly involve industry in all four aspects. IHLs have also expanded their offerings of interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary courses, which allow students to gain exposure and apply their skills to multiple sectors and domains. Second, the IHLs have strengthened industry partnerships for students to keep abreast of the latest industry developments, deepen their learning and gain working experience. Internships or industry attachments are already a graduation requirement for the polytechnics and Institute of Technical Education, and for most undergraduate programmes at the Autonomous Universities. Students also have the opportunity to work on industry projects as part of their curriculum, including through the Centres of Innovation and Centres of Excellence. Third, the IHLs' curriculum helps students to learn about AI and equips them with baseline digital literacy and AI competencies to navigate an AI-pervasive world. Students also learn how to use AI within their disciplines and industries, and IHLs integrate industry-relevant AI tools into courses and partner with industry to create hands-on AI learning environments where appropriate. Fourth, the IHLs have increased curricular focus on helping students learn beyond AI by developing key competencies like critical thinking, interpersonal and collaboration skills, as well as the ability to work across cultures. These competencies are critical in equipping graduates with skills that can bring value beyond AI itself, and that they effectively navigate the workplace and be resilient in responding to future trends and changes. MOE and IHLs will continue to monitor employment outcomes of fresh graduates and work closely with industry partners and sector agencies to align curricula with industry needs and provide students with the opportunities to deepen their learning through internships and industry projects.
Average and Median Tenure Duration of Teachers across 30-year Period›Written Answers to Questions2 turns · 55w
· 0 highlighted
written-answer-19798
Assoc Prof Jamus Jerome Lim27 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Minister for Education what are the average and median tenure durations of teachers for the periods (i) 1995 to 2009 and (ii) 2010 to 2025.
Mr Desmond Lee28 words
[+2 sentences]From 1995 to 2009, the median length of service was five to nine years. From 2010 to 2025, the median length of service was 10 to 14 years1.
Average and Median Attrition Rates of Teachers across 30-year Period›Written Answers to Questions2 turns · 67w
· 0 highlighted
written-answer-19799
Assoc Prof Jamus Jerome Lim27 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Minister for Education what are the average and median attrition rates of teachers for the periods (i) 1995 to 2009 and (ii) 2010 to 2025.
Mr Desmond Lee40 words
[+2 sentences]For both the periods (i) 1995 to 2009 and (ii) 2010 to 2024, the mean and median annual resignation rates of teachers have been around 2% to 3%. We expect the resignation rate for 2025 to remain around this range.
Regular Curriculum Reviews and Industry Consultation to Align Students' Skills with Future Economy Needs›Written Answers to Questions2 turns · 323w
· 0 highlighted
written-answer-19800
Dr Charlene Chen65 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Minister for Education (a) how does the Ministry ensure school curricula are regularly updated to equip students with skills relevant to the future economy, particularly in growth areas like digitalisation, sustainability, healthcare, and allied healthcare; (b) how frequently are such reviews conducted in consultation with industry; and (c) how is alignment ensured between education pathways and sectors with strong and emerging manpower demand.
Mr Desmond Lee258 words
[+9 sentences]The Ministry of Education and our Institutes of Higher Learning (IHLs) regularly review the curriculum in our schools and IHLs to ensure students develop the competencies and skills needed to thrive in the future economy. This is done in consultation with stakeholders, such as sector agencies and industry representatives, to ensure that the curriculum is responsive to latest developments and issues, emerging trends and industry needs. In addition, the IHLs’ academic staff have various opportunities for industry exposure, such as through industry attachments and projects, to maintain their industry currency. For schools, the curriculum for each subject is typically reviewed around once every six to eight years. However, in cases where there are fast-changing developments, for example, Artificial Intelligence (AI), we have added AI literacy into the development of students' digital literacy and technological skills within the curriculum and co-curriculum. Sustainability is a theme that has been incorporated into subjects, such as the Science and Humanities syllabi, providing students with a strong foundation to access related subjects at a higher level. As for our IHLs, the Institute of Technical Education and polytechnics conduct reviews of curricula at the course and module levels annually, with more in-depth institutional reviews of curricula and delivery of courses conducted around every three years. These reviews are informed by feedback from industry including their academic advisory committees and other partnerships. Similarly, the Autonomous Universities conduct regular reviews of their course curricula through their academic advisory boards every two to five years, with more frequent reviews for courses in sectors that are more fast-changing.
Companies Failing to File Mandatory Retrenchment Notifications and Incurring Penalties across Five Years›Written Answers to Questions2 turns · 106w
· 0 highlighted
written-answer-19802
Mr Patrick Tay Teck Guan52 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Minister for Manpower for each year from 2021 to date (a) what is the number of companies that have failed to file a mandatory retrenchment notification (MRN) within the requisite period; and (b) what is the number of companies that have incurred penalties for failing to comply with this requirement.
Dr Tan See Leng54 words
[+3 sentences]From January 2021 to June 2025, the Ministry of Manpower received around 19,800 Mandatory Retrenchment Notification (MRN) submissions. Of these, 5,750 were submitted later than the requisite period of five working days after affected employees were notified. Most of the non-compliant employers were issued with caution letters and were cooperative in filing MRNs thereafter.
Active CPF Members Aged 55 from 2020 to 2024 and Future Projected Changes›Written Answers to Questions2 turns · 143w
· 0 highlighted
written-answer-19803
Mr Shawn Loh53 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Minister for Manpower (a) what is the number and proportion of active CPF members who have turned 55 years old from 2020 to 2024; and (b) in light of a higher rate of labour market disruption, whether the Ministry expects the proportion of active CPF members to decrease in the future.
Dr Tan See Leng90 words
[+3 sentences]An active Central Provident Fund (CPF) member is a member with at least one CPF contribution paid for the current or any of the preceding three months as an employee. The number and proportion of active CPF members who have turned 55 years old from 2020 to 2024 are shown below: Even with the labour market disruptions during the pandemic years, the proportion has seen a slight uptrend between 2020 and 2024. We expect the proportion of active CPF members turning age 55 to remain stable in the coming years.
Introduction of Protected Time Regulations during Working Hours in Support of Breastfeeding Mothers›Written Answers to Questions2 turns · 190w
· 0 highlighted
written-answer-19804
Ms Elysa Chen34 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Minister for Manpower whether the Government will consider introducing regulations requiring employers to provide protected time for mothers to pump breastmilk during working hours as part of strengthening workplace support for women.
Dr Tan See Leng156 words
[+5 sentences]The Government recognises the importance of supporting women in the workplace, including the needs of nursing mothers. Given the varied nature of work requirements and arrangements, we take an enabling approach to support employers rather than to impose regulations, and work with tripartite partners to promote an inclusive, supportive work culture for nursing mothers. For example, the Tripartite Standard on Work-Life Harmony specifies workplace practices that employers should implement to support employees to manage their work responsibilities and personal aspirations, including providing lactation support in the form of a breastfeeding-friendly work environment and flexible lactation breaks. The Employers' Guide to Breastfeeding at the Workplace, which was jointly produced by the National Trade Union Congress U Family, Health Promotion Board and the Singapore National Employers Federation, also recommends employers to provide lactation breaks for employees. The Government has also legislated the provision of lactation facilities by building owners under the Building and Construction Authority's Code on Accessibility.
Purchasing Primary Care Plans for Work Permit and S Pass Holders and Medical Insurance for Employment Pass Holders›Written Answers to Questions2 turns · 190w
· 0 highlighted
written-answer-19805
Mr Patrick Tay Teck Guan60 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Minister for Manpower (a) whether the Ministry is considering requiring employers to purchase the Primary Care Plan (PCP) for Work Permit and S Pass holders who do not stay in dormitories or work in the Construction, Marine Shipyard and Process sectors; and (b) whether the Ministry is considering requiring employers to purchase medical insurance for Employment Pass holders.
Dr Tan See Leng130 words
[+5 sentences]The Primary Care Plan (PCP) is mandated only for Work Permit and S Pass holders who live in dormitories or work in the construction, marine shipyard and process sectors. This is because most of these workers live in communal dormitories and face a higher risk of infectious disease outbreaks. The PCP also improves accessibility of primary care as PCP clinics are usually located near where they stay. Employers may choose to purchase the PCP, which is under a fixed capitation rate, for their other migrant workers to have better cost certainty. The Ministry of Manpower does not require employers to purchase medical insurance for Employment Pass holders, as they would have the means to purchase personal medical insurance or may be receiving medical benefits as part of their employment contract.
Complaints against Employee Monitoring beyond Working Hours, and Enforcement Actions and Employee Recourse Available›Written Answers to Questions2 turns · 137w
· 0 highlighted
written-answer-19806
Mr Low Wu Yang Andre63 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Minister for Manpower over the last three years (a) how many complaints has the Ministry received regarding intrusive employee monitoring practices outside of working hours, such as location tracking by employers; (b) what percentage of these complaints has resulted in advisories or enforcement actions against the employer; and (c) what specific recourse is available to employees whose privacy has been breached.
Dr Tan See Leng74 words
[+3 sentences]The Ministry of Manpower does not track complaints regarding intrusive employee monitoring practices because such practices fall outside of the scope of the Employment Act. If employees are of the view that their company's policies breach their privacy, they should first surface the issue through their company's grievance-handling channel or approach their union if their company is unionised. Employees may also approach the Tripartite Alliance for Fair and Progressive Employment Practices for further assistance.
Update on Considerations for Default Publication of Anonymised Employment Claims Tribunal Decisions›Written Answers to Questions2 turns · 217w
· 0 highlighted
written-answer-19808
Ms He Ting Ru44 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Minister for Manpower whether the Ministry can give an update about its deliberations on whether it will make it the default position to publish the judgment and grounds of decision for cases brought before the Employment Claims Tribunal on an anonymised basis.
Dr Tan See Leng173 words
[+7 sentences]In general, the Executive leaves it to the Courts to decide on which judgments to publish. The Courts have determined that judgments delivered in the Employment Claims Tribunals (ECT) need not be published by default. Going forward, given the considerable body of case law developed since the establishment of the ECT in 2017, the Judiciary will be publishing selected ECT judgments which serve as useful reference to parties and the general public. The publication of a curated set of ECT judgments, targeted to be made available in phases from the second half of 2026, aims to provide greater awareness and a better understanding of the legal rights and responsibilities in employer-employee relationships. This in turn enhances access to justice. The Courts may also make judgments available upon request by any party and with the Courts' approval. This approach strikes a balance between helping the public understand the law and how it is applied, ensuring that the ECT continues to dispense justice in a timely manner, and maintaining the confidential nature of such proceedings.
Awareness, Utilisation Rates and Efficacy of Differentiated Job Matching Platforms for Fresh Graduates and Young Professionals›Written Answers to Questions2 turns · 238w
· 0 highlighted
written-answer-19809
Dr Charlene Chen65 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Minister for Manpower (a) whether differentiated platforms such as social media will be used for job matching of fresh graduates and young PMETs in their job searches; (b) what is the utilisation rate of the MyCareersFuture portal by this group; (c) what is the portal’s efficacy in securing placements; and (d) what are the plans to increase awareness and adoption of the portal.
Dr Tan See Leng173 words
[+8 sentences]Jobseekers, including fresh graduates and young professionals, managers, executives and technicians (PMETs), tap on multiple channels to maximise their chances of success in their job search. These could include MyCareersFuture (MCF) or other job portals, recruitment agencies, networking platforms and direct company applications. MCF is one of the most widely used job portals in Singapore. One in three fresh graduates and young PMETs, proxied as those aged 30 and below in the labour force who have attained a diploma/professional qualification or a degree, were active MCF users in 2024. Of this group, about six in ten found new jobs within six months. These job applicants may also have utilised other job platforms. Workforce Singapore (WSG) will continue to use a combination of digital marketing campaigns, media pitches and physical events to increase visibility of the MCF portal and encourage its usage. Additionally, WSG will continue to enhance functionalities such as the search filters that help users find job opportunities with Government support like the upcoming GRaduate Industry Traineeship (GRIT) programme for fresh graduates.
Fines and Deterrents Imposed on Domestic Workers and Employers for Unpermitted Multi-household Services from 2020 to Date›Written Answers to Questions2 turns · 215w
· 0 highlighted
written-answer-19810
Mr Shawn Loh64 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Minister for Manpower (a) for each year from 2020 to date, what is the average fine imposed on (i) migrant domestic workers who have provided unpermitted domestic services to multiple households and (ii) unofficial employers of such services, respectively; and (b) whether the Ministry considers income levels of such workers when calibrating the levels of fines to achieve punitive and deterrent objectives.
Dr Tan See Leng151 words
[+7 sentences]The Ministry of Manpower considers various factors when determining the appropriate enforcement actions to take, including the need for both punitive and deterrent effects. In the majority of cases where Migrant Domestic Workers (MDWs) worked illegally for households or commercial entities for short duration on few occasions, warnings were issued to both the illegal employers and MDWs. Based on factors of each case such as the duration of illegal employment, fines would be issued. For the period 2020 to 2024, 66 illegal employers were fined between $1,000 and $12,000 by MOM, with the average fine being $3,100. Two MDWs were fined $2,000 and $4,000 respectively. As for the more egregious cases that were prosecuted in Court, 12 illegal employers and 19 MDWs were convicted and fined an average of $8,800 and $5,000 respectively. Court-imposed fines are determined by the Courts' assessment of the individual's liability and the circumstances of each case.
Updated Risk Analysis on Impacts of Sumatran Earthquakes and Mersing Fault Zone and Enhancing Structural Safety of HDB Buildings›Written Answers to Questions2 turns · 191w
· 0 highlighted
written-answer-19811
Mr Kenneth Tiong Boon Kiat65 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Minister for National Development (a) whether risk assessment based on distant Sumatran quakes has been reviewed and updated following the recent seismic activity in Johor from the proximate Mersing Fault Zone; (b) what analysis assesses HDB blocks' ability to withstand shaking from this nearer source; and (c) whether the Ministry will commit to targeted structural inspections for the most vulnerable older HDB estates.
Mr Chee Hong Tat126 words
[+5 sentences]All buildings, including Housing and Development Board (HDB) blocks, are designed to be sufficiently robust to withstand lateral forces including tremors from earthquakes in the region. HDB and the Building and Constuction Authority (BCA) have also installed tremor sensors on selected buildings to monitor real-time data to assess the potential impact of seismic activities on our buildings. Real-time data from HDB's and BCA's tremor sensors showed that the recent earthquake in Johor had no impact on buildings in Singapore, including older HDB estates. BCA and HDB will continue to monitor regional seismic developments and review risk assessment frameworks as necessary. To ensure building and public safety, BCA has put in place a rigorous regime of periodic structural inspections, which identify signs of structural defects and deterioration.
Management of Crow-related Public Nuisance and Safety Threats in Residential Areas›Written Answers to Questions2 turns · 169w
· 0 highlighted
written-answer-19813
Mr Kenneth Tiong Boon Kiat56 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Minister for National Development (a) when and why did controlled shooting for crow management cease; (b) whether there is a timeline to review reinstatement; (c) whether crow-related public nuisance and safety threats in residential estates has escalated; and (d) if so, whether the Government has a framework to address such increased nuisance and threats.
Mr Chee Hong Tat113 words
[+4 sentences]Since 2024, the National Parks Board (NParks) has removed more than 8,600 crow nests and 16,000 crows from urban hotspots islandwide. With the recent increase in pest bird-related feedback, NParks has been stepping up its multi-pronged efforts to manage the disamenities. These include direct population control with enhanced trapping and removal methods, crow nest removal, enforcement against illegal bird feeding, and education and outreach efforts to reduce human-generated food sources. To further mitigate crow-related disamenities, the Ministry of National Development and NParks have been working closely with the Singapore Police Force over the past few months to resume the shooting of crows as part of our efforts to bring down the crow population.
Review of Building Maintenance and Strata Management Act for Ageing Condominiums›Written Answers to Questions2 turns · 151w
· 0 highlighted
written-answer-19814
Mr Yip Hon Weng65 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Minister for National Development for condominiums over 30 years old (a) what is the status of the review of the Building Maintenance and Strata Management Act to better protect such ageing buildings; (b) whether there are plans to enhance regulations ensuring timely maintenance of common property by responsible parties; and (c) whether such condominium MCSTs will be mandated to maintain adequate sinking funds.
Mr Chee Hong Tat86 words
[+1 sentence]The Ministry of National Development refers Mr Yip to our response to Parliamentary Question No 93 for oral answer on the Order Paper for 22 September 2025 which shares the status of the review of the Building Maintenance and Strata Management Act. [Please refer to "Review of Building Maintenance and Strata Management Act 2004, and Addressing Maintenance Issues in Ageing Condominium Developments", Official Report, 22 September 2025, Vol 96, Issue 2, Written Answers to Questions for Oral Answer not Answered by End of Question Time section.]
Long-term Commercial or Industrial Property Vacancies and Impacts on Rental Markets›Written Answers to Questions2 turns · 127w
· 0 highlighted
written-answer-19815
Ms He Ting Ru68 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Minister for National Development (a) what is the current total stock in square metres of office, retail, and industrial space that has remained vacant for over one year; (b) whether studies have been undertaken to investigate the prevalence and scale of persistently vacant commercial or industrial units and their impact on rental volumes and prices; and (c) if so, what are the details of the studies.
Mr Chee Hong Tat59 words
[+2 sentences]As of June 2025, the total stock of retail, office and industrial spaces that have remained vacant for more than a year are 220,000 square metres, 440,000 square metres and 2.7 million square metres, respectively. By proportion, these figures represent 3.4%, 5.4%, and 5.0% of the total available space in each sector and are generally comparable to pre-pandemic levels.
Number of and Criteria for Private Property Owners Given Waivers for Mandatory Waiting Period›Written Answers to Questions2 turns · 131w
· 0 highlighted
written-answer-19816
Ms Valerie Lee64 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Minister for National Development (a) to date, what is the number of private property owners who are given a waiver of the 15-month wait-out period after selling their private property and before buying a HDB resale flat; and (b) whether the Ministry considers changes in family circumstances, such as adequacy of space or financial circumstances, as a factor when granting the waiver.
Mr Chee Hong Tat67 words
[+1 sentence]This Question has been addressed in the response to Parliamentary Question No 112 for oral answer on the Order Paper for 22 September 2025. [Please refer to "Update on Review to Remove 15-month Wait-out Requirement for Private Property Owners Downgrading to HDB Flats", Official Report, 22 September 2025, Vol 96, Issue 2, Written Answers to Questions for Oral Answer not Answered by End of Question Time section.]
Measures to Support PWM Workers Residing in Public Rental Housing Experiencing Rent Increases in View of Wage Adjustments›Written Answers to Questions2 turns · 182w
· 0 highlighted
written-answer-19817
Mr Abdul Muhaimin Abdul Malik59 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Minister for National Development (a) whether the Ministry has data on the number of workers covered under the Progressive Wage Model (PWM) who currently reside in public rental housing and have experienced rent increases following wage adjustments; and (b) what specific support measures are in place to cushion the impact of rental increases for these PWM workers.
Mr Chee Hong Tat123 words
[+4 sentences]The Housing and Development Board (HDB) does not track public rental tenants by the sectors they are employed in. For tenants of public rental flats, including workers covered under the Progressive Wage Model, HDB will not raise their rent during the tenancy term even if there is an increase in their incomes. As HDB rental rates are heavily subsidised, it is fair to all taxpayers for a tenant to pay higher rent when his income rises. Before any increase in rent is applied upon tenancy renewal, HDB will consider factors such as household size and living expenses to ensure that any rent increase is lower than the income increase, so that the tenants are still financially better off when they earn higher incomes.
Addressing Deteriorating MRT Reliability and Measures to Address Root Causes›Written Answers to Questions2 turns · 114w
· 0 highlighted
written-answer-19820
Mr Yip Hon Weng58 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Acting Minister for Transport (a) why has MRT reliability fallen to its lowest levels since 2020 with even newer lines showing significant declines; (b) what proportion of breakdowns are due to under-maintenance and poor equipment quality; (c) how effective are the upgraded signalling systems; and (d) what measures are being taken to address the root causes.
Mr Jeffrey Siow56 words
[+1 sentence]This question has been addressed in the oral reply to Parliamentary Questions 19 to 24 at the 22 September 2025 Parliament sitting. [Please refer to "Causes for Recent MRT and LRT Breakdowns, and Measures to Improve Rail Reliability and Review Financial Penalties", Official Report, 22 September 2025, Vol 96, Issue 2, Oral Answers to Questions section.]
Public Feedback on Irresponsible Public Riding Behaviours Leading to Enforcement Action Taken against Reported Riders›Written Answers to Questions2 turns · 190w
· 0 highlighted
written-answer-19821
Mr Cai Yinzhou48 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Acting Minister for Transport (a) how many cases of public feedback has the LTA received regarding irresponsible public riding behaviours; and (b) out of these feedback cases, how many have led to (i) enforcement actions against reported riders and (ii) seizure of Active Mobility Devices involved.
Mr Jeffrey Siow142 words
[+7 sentences]The Land Transport Authority (LTA) enforces based on data from LTA closed-circuit televisions, intelligence from enforcement officers, and feedback received. From 2022 to 2024, LTA received over 1,800 pieces of public feedback on irresponsible riding behaviours. The feedback provided useful information which LTA could act on, to enforce against unsafe riding and use of non-compliant devices. Over the same period, enforcement officers took action against more than 100 riders for offences involving irresponsible riding behaviours such as speeding on public paths. LTA also seized more than 3,000 active mobility devices involved in offences such as riding non-compliant devices on public paths. Nonetheless, we recognise that most riders ride safely and responsibly today, and will continue to encourage such riding practices through our public education and outreach efforts. On the ground, enforcement officers also engage and educate path users on proper path etiquette.
Mandating PMAs and PABs to Undergo Periodic Inspections to Ensure Compliance with Safety Standards›Written Answers to Questions2 turns · 189w
· 0 highlighted
written-answer-19822
Mr Cai Yinzhou49 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Acting Minister for Transport whether the Ministry will consider implementing regulations for Personal Mobility Aids (PMAs) and Power-Assisted Bicycles (PABs) to undergo periodic inspections to ensure continued compliance with relevant safety standards, similar to current regulations for Personal Mobility Devices (PMDs) to be inspected every two years.
Mr Jeffrey Siow140 words
[+7 sentences]Personal Mobility Devices, such as e-scooters, are required to meet the UL2272 fire safety standard, which is an internationally recognised benchmark that significantly reduces the risk of fires. Registered e-scooters are subjected to periodic inspections every two years to ensure they remain compliant. Power-Assisted Bicycles (PABs) must conform to the EN15194 standard, which specifies stringent safety and performance criteria for both electrical and mechanical components, before they can be type-approved, sealed and registered. Since July 2021, new PABs must comply with the EN15194:2017 standard that includes anti-tampering measures that make it more difficult to modify the them. There are currently no commonly recognised international fire safety standards for Personal Mobility Aids. The Government will continue to monitor the development of international standards. The Land Transport Authority also takes strong enforcement action against illegal modifications of all motorised active mobility devices.
Taxi and Private Hire Car Drivers Turning 75 from 2022 to 2024 and Maintaining Vocational Licence Age Limit›Written Answers to Questions2 turns · 137w
· 0 highlighted
written-answer-19823
Mr Shawn Loh54 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Acting Minister for Transport (a) whether the Ministry has data on the number of taxi and private hire car drivers who turn 75 years old in each year from 2022 to 2024; and (b) what are the considerations to maintain the maximum age limit for a vocational licence at 75 years old.
Mr Jeffrey Siow83 words
[+3 sentences]The numbers of taxi and private hire car (PHC) driver vocational licence (VL) holders who turned 75 years old each year from 2022 to 2024 are shown in Table 1 below. As taxi and PHC drivers are responsible for the safety of commuters and other road users, it is important to ensure that they are fit to drive. The maximum age limit of 75 years for a VL holder was decided after reviewing past accident statistics and after consulting the Singapore Medical Association.
Update on Implementation of ERP 2.0 and Plans to Ensure Transparency and Data Privacy for Users›Written Answers to Questions2 turns · 223w
· 0 highlighted
written-answer-19824
Mr Lee Hong Chuang48 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Acting Minister for Transport (a) whether the Ministry can provide an update on the implementation of ERP 2.0, including its expected benefits to motorists and transport planning; and (b) how does the Ministry plan to ensure transparency and data privacy for users of the new system.
Mr Jeffrey Siow175 words
[+9 sentences]As of 23 September 2025, today, more than 750,000 or 75% of vehicles have installed Electronic Road Pricing (ERP) 2.0 On-Board Units (OBUs). We are on track to complete the installation by 2026. We have been taking in feedback from vehicle owners and industry to improve the OBU’s features. The OBU provides real-time traffic updates, such as event-based road closures and diversions, for example, flood warnings, and situational alerts, for example, bus lanes and school zones, to enhance safety on roads for drivers and pedestrians. It also provides information like estimated travel time along expressways and carpark availability in the city area. Since 1 September 2025, the Land Transport Authority (LTA) introduced a new feature for motorists to conveniently pay any missed ERP payment via the OBU. There are strict safeguards to govern the collection, usage and storage of data. For instance, LTA will use anonymised or aggregated data for traffic management and transport planning purposes. LTA also adheres to Government-wide standards for data security, including strict guidelines on data sharing with other Government agencies.
Statistics on Ridership and Average Load Factors for City Direct Services 675, 676 and 677 since January 2025 and During Peak Hours›Written Answers to Questions2 turns · 73w
· 0 highlighted
written-answer-19825
Mr Abdul Muhaimin Abdul Malik43 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Acting Minister for Transport (a) what are the ridership statistics for City Direct Services 675, 676, and 677 since their launch in January 2025; and (b) what are the current average load factors for each of these services during peak hours.
Mr Jeffrey Siow30 words
[+1 sentence]Loading for City Direct Services 675, 676, and 677 has stabilised at around 35% to 45% in the morning peak, and at around 10% to 15% in the evening peak.
Relationship between Rail Service Reliability and Public Transport Adoption›Written Answers to Questions2 turns · 58w
· 0 highlighted
written-answer-19826
Mr Dennis Tan Lip Fong23 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Acting Minister for Transport whether the Ministry has conducted studies on the relationship between rail service reliability and public transport adoption.
Mr Jeffrey Siow35 words
[+3 sentences]We have not conducted such studies. In 2024, 66% of peak period journeys were completed by public transport and this proportion has been growing over time. The vast majority of these journeys are completed smoothly.
Extending CDC Vouchers Scheme beyond Merchants Located Near HDB Estates and Hawker Centres›Written Answers to Questions2 turns · 234w
· 0 highlighted
written-answer-19827
Mr Zhulkarnain Abdul Rahim49 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Acting Minister for Culture, Community and Youth whether the Ministry can consider extending the CDC Vouchers scheme to benefit more merchants and retailers beyond merchants in HDB housing estates and hawker centres, especially in areas where those ineligible merchants are proximate to HDB and other residential estates.
Mr Edwin Tong Chun Fai185 words
[+7 sentences]I am answering in my capacity as the Minister charged with the responsibility for the People’s Association. The Community Development Council (CDC) Vouchers Scheme was first introduced in June 2020 during the COVID-19 pandemic with two key objectives: (i) to help Singaporean households cope with the cost of living; and (ii) to support hawkers and heartland merchants. In line with the policy intent, our aim is to onboard hawkers and merchants in the Housing Development Board (HDB) heartlands, such as those in the National Environment Agency-managed centres and HDB heartlands, including shops which offer daily goods or services. However, there are instances where few or no heartland merchants are found within or near residential areas. In such locations, we have onboarded, on a case-by-case basis, small businesses that provide goods and services needed by residents. To date, we have onboarded over 23,000 hawkers and heartland merchants on the CDC Voucher scheme. The CDCs will continue to work closely with key partners, including the Federation of Merchants' Association, Singapore, Heartland Enterprise Centre Singapore, and various merchant and hawker associations, to onboard eligible merchants in the heartlands.
Visitors Demographic Profiles for Kallang Basin Swimming Complex and St Wilfred Sport Centre Over Past 10 Years›Written Answers to Questions2 turns · 112w
· 0 highlighted
written-answer-19828
Dr Wan Rizal45 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Acting Minister for Culture, Community and Youth over the past 10 years, what are the annual visitor numbers and visitors' demographic profiles, such as age, sex and race for (i) the Kallang Basin Swimming Complex and (ii) the St Wilfred Sport Centre, respectively.
Mr David Neo67 words
[+2 sentences]Over the past five years, Kallang Basin Swimming Complex (KBSC) received an average annual non-unique visitorship of about 52,000, with about half of them aged between 20 years old and 59 years old. Over the same period, St Wilfred Sport Centre (SWSC) received an average annual non-unique visitorship of about 124,000, with slightly more than 80% of them aged between 20 years old and 59 years old.
Proposal for New Aggravated Cruelty Category in Legislation for Cases Resulting in Death or Permanent Disability of Animals›Written Answers to Questions2 turns · 116w
· 0 highlighted
written-answer-19863
Mr Gerald Giam Yean Song58 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Minister for National Development (a) whether the Animals and Birds Act will be reviewed to include the introduction of an aggravated cruelty category for serial offenders or cases resulting in death or permanent disability; (b) if so, what is the proposed definition; and (c) what is the policy rationale for the current maximum 18-month jail term.
Mr Chee Hong Tat58 words
[+1 sentence]The question for written answer has been addressed in a written reply to Question Nos 64, 65, 66, and 67 for written answer on the Order Paper for 22 September 2025.
Helping Artistes Build Commercially Sustainable Careers while Safeguarding Artistic Integrity›Written Answers to Questions for Oral Answer Not Answered by End of Question Time2 turns · 474w
· 0 highlighted
written-answer-na-19429
Ms Gho Sze Kee63 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Acting Minister for Culture, Community and Youth (a) how does the National Arts Council help artistes build commercially sustainable careers while safeguarding artistic integrity, including supporting them to monetise and showcase their work effectively; (b) what platforms exist locally and abroad to expand their reach; and (c) whether there are new schemes planned to boost portfolios, business opportunities and market presence.
Mr David Neo411 words
[+19 sentences]Under Our SG Arts Plan (2023-2027), the National Arts Council (NAC) takes a multi-pronged approach to support our artists to build sustainable careers and develop artistic excellence. At a broad-based level, NAC offers grants to artists and arts groups to create and showcase works both locally and internationally. From 2022 to 2024, for example, over 190 artists and arts groups tapped on NAC's Marketing and Audience Development Grant, with many presenting their works at overseas exhibitions, biennales and book fairs. NAC also supports independent arts practitioners in developing their professional and business competencies through the Arts Resource Hub, which offers mentorship and peer learning. NAC has also partnered SkillsFuture Singapore to establish a Skills Framework for the Arts, which helps practitioners better plan their further development and their careers. Besides grants and capability development, NAC also directly supports many platforms at which our artists can showcase their work and build a wider audience. NAC's three festivals, Singapore Art Week, the Singapore International Festival of Arts (SIFA) and the Singapore Writers Festival, are key platforms for our artists. More than 360 local artists and crew were involved in SIFA 2025, reaching a total of over 77,000 audience members. NAC has also worked with partners to create platforms to bring local art to everyday spaces across Singapore, such as ArtsEverywhere@CDC, Poems on the MRT and I Play SG Music, where local music is played in spaces, like shopping malls. These programmes have raised the profile of our artists and their works. In tandem with these local platforms, NAC supports our practitioners to boost their market presence overseas. For example, since 2023, NAC has commissioned a Singapore stand at the Frankfurt Book Fair, one of the world's largest annual trade fairs for the book publishing industry. In 2024, our delegation of 10 publishers and the Singapore Book Publishers Association conducted over 140 business meetings over the course of the fair. Through these efforts, we are building an ecosystem where our artists can pursue excellence as well as sustainable careers. It is not something that the Government can achieve alone. It requires a whole-of-society effort. This is why we launched the SG Culture Pass on 1 September, to encourage Singaporeans to do their part in supporting our arts and culture sector. I encourage Singaporeans to use their SG Culture Pass credits and attend the wide variety of programme offerings available. This will go a long way towards helping our artists build flourishing and sustainable careers.
Regulating Foreign-registered Vehicles Used by Work Pass Holders for Commuting and Commercial Purposes in Singapore›Written Answers to Questions for Oral Answer Not Answered by End of Question Time2 turns · 109w
· 0 highlighted
written-answer-na-19431
Mr Victor Lye37 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Acting Minister for Transport how does the Ministry intend to regulate foreign vehicles used by workers holding valid work passes for commuting to Singapore and which are also used for commercial purposes while in Singapore.
Mr Jeffrey Siow72 words
[+3 sentences]All foreign vehicles entering Singapore, including vehicles used by work pass holders commuting to work, are required to have a valid Vehicle Entry Permit (VEP) and pay a daily VEP fee. Foreign workers employed as deliverymen with valid work passes may use their personal foreign-registered or Singapore-registered motorcycles for their employer's trade and not for platform work. However, foreign-registered goods vehicles are not allowed to be used for delivery services within Singapore.
Implementation and Raising Awareness for New Motorised PMA Rules›Written Answers to Questions for Oral Answer Not Answered by End of Question Time2 turns · 212w
· 0 highlighted
written-answer-na-19437
Ms Poh Li San62 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Acting Minister for Transport (a) whether the Ministry has any plan to bring forward the implementation of new rules for motorised personal mobility aids (PMA) scheduled for 2026; and (b) whether the Ministry has any communication plan to reach out to PMA users on the new rules to help ineligible users with the transition to alternative forms of mobility aid.
Mr Jeffrey Siow150 words
[+6 sentences]In March 2024, the Ministry of Transport (MOT) accepted the Active Mobility Advisory Panel's recommendations to tighten regulations for Personal Mobility Aids (PMAs) to curb misuse by able-bodied users and improve path safety. The new regulations include reducing speed limit from 10km/h to 6km/h, aligning dimensions for PMAs used on public paths with public transport and requiring certification of medical need to use a mobility scooter. We plan to table the necessary legislative amendments in Parliament in October 2025 and implement the new regulations in the first quarter of 2026. This timeline allows for a smooth transition for all affected stakeholders, such as the retailers, healthcare industry and device users. MOT and the Land Transport Authority will step up publicity efforts on the upcoming changes using infographics and education materials. Enforcement officers have also been engaging PMA users and reminding ineligible users on the need to switch to alternative devices.
Impact of Revisions to Vehicular Emissions Scheme Rebates and EV Early Adoption Incentive on COE Prices›Written Answers to Questions for Oral Answer Not Answered by End of Question Time2 turns · 174w
· 0 highlighted
written-answer-na-19441
Ms Poh Li San65 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Acting Minister for Transport what are the Ministry's considerations in (i) lowering rebates for Band A1 vehicles under the Vehicular Emissions Scheme (VES), (ii) excluding VES rebates for hybrid vehicles and (iii) ceasing the EV Early Adoption Incentive (EEAI) after 2026, in light of the pace of new electric vehicle (EV) and hybrid car ownership and the impact of already high COE prices.
Mr Jeffrey Siow109 words
[+3 sentences]The Vehicular Emissions Scheme and Electric Vehicle Early Adoption Incentive were introduced to encourage adoption of cleaner-energy cars by narrowing the upfront cost gap between cleaner-energy and Internal Combustion Engine cars. When reviewing these schemes, the Land Transport Authority and National Environment Agency considered factors, such as EV and hybrid car adoption rates, as well as the upfront and total cost of ownership across powertrains. The Member may wish to refer to my response to the Adjournment Motion on 22 September 2025 for more context.
Volumes at Khatib MRT Station's Pedestrian Overhead Bridge and Possible Expansion to Accommodate Increased Usage›Written Answers to Questions for Oral Answer Not Answered by End of Question Time2 turns · 142w
· 0 highlighted
written-answer-na-19443
Ms Lee Hui Ying61 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Acting Minister for Transport (a) how often does LTA review pedestrian and traffic volumes of the existing pedestrian overhead bridges (POB) at Khatib MRT station; and (b) what is the increase in volume that will warrant an expansion of the POB to accommodate more pedestrians in view of expected population increase due to new BTO flats in Chencharu estate.
Mr Jeffrey Siow81 words
[+2 sentences]The Land Transport Authority (LTA) proactively tracks changes to pedestrian volume, including expected increase in footfall arising from new developments and implements new infrastructure when needed. Earlier in 2025, LTA reviewed the pedestrian traffic flow on the pedestrian overhead bridge (POB) at Khatib mass rapid transit (MRT) station and assessed that the width of the POB is able to cope with the current and projected pedestrian flow; including from Chencharu estate, which is on the same side of the MRT station.
Additional Measures to Tackle Increase in Cases of Government Officials Impersonation and Phishing Scams›Written Answers to Questions for Oral Answer Not Answered by End of Question Time2 turns · 486w
· 0 highlighted
written-answer-na-19448
Mr Vikram Nair47 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Coordinating Minister for National Security and Minister for Home Affairs in light of the increase in cases of Government officials impersonation scams, phishing scams and the amounts lost to such scams, whether the Ministry is considering additional measures which are specifically targeted at such scams.
Mr K Shanmugam439 words
[+19 sentences]The rise in Government officials impersonation scams (GOIS) and phishing scams is a serious concern. They accounted for about 28% of all scam cases and about 34% of all scam losses in the first half of 2025. To deal with GOIS, Government agencies have been using the "gov.sg" short message service (SMS) sender ID to send SMSes since July 2024 to help the public identify legitimate Government SMSes easily. We are planning a similar approach for outgoing Government calls. As an interim step, we intend to make outgoing calls to members of the public from commonly impersonated agencies, like the Singapore Police Force (SPF), to have only one common caller ID, regardless from which phone the officers are making the call. This will make it easier for the public to identify whether a call truly comes from the Police. The details will be announced in due course. In addition, we are working with online platforms to enhance safeguards against Government impersonation. We will issue an implementation directive under the Online Criminal Harms Act (OCHA) to require Meta to put in place measures targeting scam advertisements, accounts, profiles and business pages impersonating key Government office holders on Facebook. We are also engaging online messaging platforms to implement measures to prevent the spoofing of "gov.sg" and public agency names. We have observed a rise in phishing scams as scammers have shifted their modus operandi to phishing banking or credit card credentials using fake advertisements on social media platforms. To address this, SPF requires online service providers designated under OCHA, such as Facebook and TikTok, to implement upstream measures, such as user verification, and to proactively detect and disrupt suspected scam activities. The Monetary Authority of Singapore has worked with the major retail banks to phase out the use of SMS One-Time Passwords for authentication of transactions for digital token users, and implement additional verification for provisioning of cards into mobile wallets. They are also working to roll out a Fast IDentity Online (FIDO)-compliant hardware token to better safeguard high-value Internet banking transfers. This will prevent scammers from being able to use just-phished banking credentials to steal the money in the account. But ultimately, a vigilant public is our best defence. Members of the public should check the authenticity of websites when making payments and be discerning when receiving communications claiming to be from the Government. Government officials will never ask you to transfer money or disclose bank log-in details over a phone call, to install mobile apps from unofficial app stores or purportedly transfer your call to the Police. If in doubt, please check with the 24/7 ScamShield Helpline at 1799.
Disclosing Emissions and Carbon Tax Relief of Individual Companies and Their Facilities to Subject Them to Greater Scrutiny›Written Answers to Questions for Oral Answer Not Answered by End of Question Time2 turns · 171w
· 0 highlighted
written-answer-na-19470
Mr Foo Cexiang43 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Deputy Prime Minister and Minister for Trade and Industry whether the Ministry will consider disclosing the carbon tax relief given to individual companies and the emissions of their facilities to subject them to greater scrutiny and strengthen their incentive to decarbonise.
Mr Gan Kim Yong128 words
[+6 sentences]We plan to release aggregated data on carbon tax allowances in 2027. As the Ministry of Trade and Industry had previously shared, we need to find a suitable balance between providing transparency on allowances while, at the same time, respecting the legitimate commercial sensitivities of companies. I want to reassure Members that allowances are not a free pass for emissions-intensive and trade-exposed companies to continue emitting, like business as usual. They are judiciously assigned for only a proportion of a company's Scope 1 emissions. Recipient companies must also submit credible net-zero decarbonisation plans, which the Government reviews and holds them accountable for. We will review and adjust allowances based on how companies have delivered on their decarbonisation plans, as well as international developments and advancements in decarbonisation technologies.
Encouraging More Schools to Let Students Who Are Not on School Teams Participate in Sports Tournaments›Written Answers to Questions for Oral Answer Not Answered by End of Question Time2 turns · 200w
· 0 highlighted
written-answer-na-19495
Ms Hany Soh43 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Minister for Education whether the Ministry will consider encouraging more schools to introduce games similar to the "Glory and Grit 7s" where players who are not on school teams for various sports are also given the opportunity to participate in tournaments.
Mr Desmond Lee157 words
[+8 sentences]We want to give all our students the opportunity to participate meaningfully in sports in our schools. This includes students who are not on official school sports teams. Our schools do this by providing opportunities for students to participate in school-based sporting competitions, such as inter-class games, and external sporting competitions, such as those organised by ActiveSG and the National Sports Associations. In 2023 alone, more than 27,000 students participated in external sporting competitions across a wide range of sports, from basketball leagues to swimming championships. Almost half of these students were not part of official school teams. These competitions provide additional platforms for students of different skill levels to compete and develop their sporting interests. We welcome school-initiated programmes, like the "Glory and Grit 7s" tournament. Schools may also adopt other approaches that serve their context better, for example, by working with sports organisations to provide more competition opportunities for students who are passionate about sports.
Deploying AI for Audit Checks and Monitoring of Government Agencies' Contract Management and Procurement›Written Answers to Questions for Oral Answer Not Answered by End of Question Time2 turns · 259w
· 0 highlighted
written-answer-na-19551
Mr Xie Yao Quan68 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Prime Minister and Minister for Finance (a) whether the Auditor-General's Office will consider deploying artificial intelligence (AI) to strengthen and expand its checks on Ministries and Government agencies in the area of contract management and procurement; (b) whether the AI capability can be deployed across Ministries and Government agencies to strengthen their contract management and procurement; and (c) if so, what are the timelines for implementation.
Ms Indranee Rajah (for the Prime Minister)191 words
[+8 sentences]My response will also cover the question on the same topic filed by Mr Lee Hong Chuang, which is scheduled for a subsequent Sitting. I would first like to thank the Auditor-General's Office (AGO's) for its report, which provides valuable insights into areas for improvement. The AGO adopts a risk-based approach in its audits and makes use of digital tools where applicable, including data analytics, to analyse procurement trends and detect potential irregularities. AGO has also developed a tool to identify potentially fictitious documents and employs artificial intelligence (AI) to identify higher-risk transactions and improve audit efficiency. In addition, AGO intends to share its use of digital tools, risk indicators and techniques for detecting red flags with public agencies, and continue to trial emerging AI tools to further enhance its audit capabilities. The Government has been actively exploring such capabilities to augment the work in finance, procurement and contract management. Government agencies have started to use them in suitable areas and will continue to explore using AI to strengthen financial governance, procurement and contract management. Tools already shared across public agencies include AI-powered anomaly detection and document analysis for fraud detection.
Banning Electronic Products on Flights›Written Answers to Questions for Oral Answer Not Answered by End of Question Time2 turns · 154w
· 0 highlighted
written-answer-na-19671
Mr Cai Yinzhou49 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Acting Minister for Transport (a) what criteria the does Ministry use in deciding whether to ban certain types of electronic products on flights; and (b) to what extent and how does the Ministry work with aviation authorities in other jurisdictions to determine the scope of any ban.
Mr Jeffrey Siow105 words
[+5 sentences]The International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) sets guidelines on the carriage and use of various electronic devices on flights, such as laptops, mobile phones and power banks. These guidelines address safety risks, such as electromagnetic interference posed by devices with transmitting capabilities and fire hazards involving lithium batteries. The Civil Aviation Authority of Singapore's (CAAS') safety regulations are aligned with ICAO's guidelines. These include restrictions on the allowable capacity of lithium batteries onboard aircraft, how they must be carried and the limitations of their use during flight. Singapore carriers are required to adhere to CAAS's regulations but may also implement stricter policies at their discretion.
Potential COE Premium Spike in Late 2025 Due To Higher Vehicle Demand Before Revision of Electric Vehicle Rebates›Written Answers to Questions for Oral Answer Not Answered by End of Question Time2 turns · 177w
· 0 highlighted
written-answer-na-19673
Mr Saktiandi Supaat49 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Acting Minister for Transport (a) what measures are being considered to mitigate a potential spike in COE premiums in late 2025 due to anticipated vehicle demand ahead of the revised electric vehicle rebate schedule; and (b) how will such measures ensure market stability and affordable vehicle ownership.
Mr Jeffrey Siow128 words
[+5 sentences]We have been taking steps to stabilise the Certificate of Entitlement (COE) supply, such as by bringing forward COE quota from future guaranteed de-registrations and injecting an additional up to about 20,000 COE quota since February 2025. Nevertheless, COE prices are ultimately a function of supply and demand. As COE supply continues to increase till the peak supply in 2026, there will be more quota available in the coming quarters. We strongly encourage potential car buyers to be prudent in entering the market now. The Member may wish to refer to my response to the Adjournment Motion on 22 September 2025 for more context.
Considerations When Adding Bus Routes and Increasing Frequency Bus Services in A Precinct›Written Answers to Questions for Oral Answer Not Answered by End of Question Time2 turns · 96w
· 0 highlighted
written-answer-na-19677
Ms Valerie Lee32 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Acting Minister for Transport what factors does the Ministry consider when deciding to (i) add bus routes and (ii) increase the frequency or capacity of bus services in particular precincts.
Mr Jeffrey Siow64 words
[+2 sentences]The Land Transport Authority considers factors, like ridership demand, journey times, travel patterns, alternative travel options and resource availability in deciding whether to add bus routes or adjust existing services. Increasingly, with new Housing and Development Board estates, we will look at whether we can put in bus services ahead of time, within our resource constraints, such as the limited pool of bus drivers.
Quantifying Economic Impact of Banning Ferrying of Workers on Back of Lorries›Written Answers to Questions for Oral Answer Not Answered by End of Question Time2 turns · 263w
· 0 highlighted
written-answer-na-19678
Ms He Ting Ru41 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Acting Minister for Transport (a) whether studies have been done to examine and quantify the economic impact of banning workers being ferried on the back of lorries; and (b) if so, whether details of these studies can be shared.
Mr Jeffrey Siow222 words
[+12 sentences]Improving the safety of all road users is a priority for Ministry of Transport and this requires the collective effort by all stakeholders. Over the years, Government agencies have rolled out several measures, together with our tripartite partners and the non-governmental organisations. These include requirements for lorries to be fitted with canopies and higher protective side railings, have lower speed limits and minimum space requirements. We also studied the economic impact should we disallow workers from being ferried on the back of lorries but found it difficult to quantify the economic impact. The impact is not only direct, but also indirect. In some cases, we would not even be able to quantify the impact. To illustrate the challenge, in order to shift foreign workers entirely to buses, we need many more bus drivers. But we already face an acute shortage of drivers. Even for public buses, despite multiple wage increases over the years, we continue to face challenges hiring and retaining our bus drivers. Nonetheless, we have been working together with our tripartite partners, including the industry associations, for feedback and suggestions. The crux of the matter is to improve the safety of transportation for our workers. We will continue to work closely with the industry and other Government agencies to study the issue and will update on improvements in due time.
Requirement for Town Councils to Bear Costs of Sheltered Linkways and Footpaths for LTA Projects on HDB Land›Written Answers to Questions for Oral Answer Not Answered by End of Question Time2 turns · 186w
· 0 highlighted
written-answer-na-19684
Mr Abdul Muhaimin Abdul Malik59 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Acting Minister for Transport (a) why are Town Councils required to bear the costs of connecting sheltered linkways and footpaths for projects implemented by LTA on HDB land, such as the construction of elevators at pedestrian overhead bridges; and (b) whether the Ministry will review this cost allocation to ensure Town Councils are not unduly burdened financially.
Mr Jeffrey Siow127 words
[+5 sentences]The Land Transport Authority (LTA) works with the Housing and Development Board (HDB) to build covered linkways that connect transport infrastructure, like bus stops, bus interchanges and mass rapid transit (MRT) stations, to nearby HDB developments, and sheltered pedestrian overhead bridges (POBs). LTA also builds the lifts for these overhead bridges. All these are fully funded by the Government, to encourage the use of public transport. However, in cases where residents request additional covered linkways to provide alternative routes when there are already existing covered linkways connecting the same transport infrastructure, POBs and HDB developments, LTA will provide the linkway if the Town Council agrees to co-fund the construction. This strikes a balance between providing convenience to residents and commuters and the need to maintain fiscal prudence.
Prosecution and Police Investigations into Offences under Part 9 of Administration of Muslim Law Act 1966›Written Answers to Questions for Oral Answer Not Answered by End of Question Time2 turns · 214w
· 0 highlighted
written-answer-na-19685
Mr Fadli Fawzi71 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Acting Minister-in-charge of Muslim Affairs (a) whether the Government prosecutes offences under Part 9 of the Administration of Muslim Law Act 1966 (such as cohabitation outside marriage, enticing unmarried woman from wali and non-payment of zakat); (b) if so, whether investigations are initiated only after a complaint by MUIS is made; and (c) what role does MUIS play during related Police investigations and charging decisions by the Attorney-General’s Chambers.
Assoc Prof Dr Muhammad Faishal Ibrahim143 words
[+7 sentences]Instances of suspected offences under Part 9 of the Administration of Muslim Law Act 1966 (AMLA) may be picked up through complaints by the public, or through other channels, such as regular mosque and community engagements. As some of these offences pertain to an individual's private life, Court prosecution may not always be appropriate. Depending on the facts, circumstances and severity of the case, the Majlis Ugama Islam Singapura (MUIS) may undertake other measures, including public education, religious counselling through our network of Asatizah or issuing fatwas. Where necessary, MUIS may also lodge a Police report. Police investigations and charging decisions by the Attorney-General's Chambers are carried out independently. There has been one recent instance of a Muslim person being charged and convicted for an offence under Part 9 of AMLA. This relates to an offence of teaching false doctrine under Section 139.
Percentage of Pre-2018 HDB Units Lacking Home Fire Alarm Devices and Cost Benefit Analysis Mandating Compulsory Installation of Such Devices›Written Answers to Questions for Oral Answer Not Answered by End of Question Time2 turns · 312w
· 0 highlighted
written-answer-na-19686
Mr Kenneth Tiong Boon Kiat71 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Coordinating Minister for National Security and Minister for Home Affairs (a) what percentage of pre-2018 HDB units lack Home Fire Alarm Devices (HFADs); (b) what cost-benefit analysis supports not mandating HFADs for older units when it is compulsory for new HDB homes; (c) whether HFADs will be mandated for all units/corridors of older HDB blocks; and (d) whether linkage to centralised building systems will be considered for efficient evacuations.
Mr K Shanmugam241 words
[+13 sentences]As of June 2025, Home Fire Alarm Devices (HFADs) have been installed in about 191,000 Housing and Development Board (HDB) flats, or 17%, of all HDB flats. Of these, 74,000 flats, or 39%, were built prior to 2018. In 2018, we made it mandatory for all new residential premises to have HFADs. For existing residential premises, we took a risk-calibrated approach and only mandated it for homes which are carrying out fire safety related addition and alteration works. This was to strike a balance in wanting to ensure its adoption, but in a practical manner. Nonetheless, we strongly encourage all homeowners to install HFADs and have put in place several schemes to support them in doing so. More than 80% of HDB public rental flats already have HFADs installed and HDB will progressively install HFADs in the remaining 20%. The installation of HFADs is done at no charge to the tenants. In 2024, Ministry of National Development expanded the Enhancement for Active Seniors programme to include the installation of HFADs. Seniors can enjoy a subsidy of up to 95% to install HFADs in their homes. HFADs are also installed as part of fire safety works, under the Home Improvement Programme in cases where fire-rated doors are installed. We will continue to review the fire safety of our HDB flats. However, we do not see a need for HFADs at HDB corridors or for centralised building fire management systems, at this juncture.
Amount Recovered from Scams in 1H2025›Written Answers to Questions for Oral Answer Not Answered by End of Question Time2 turns · 163w
· 0 highlighted
written-answer-na-19687
Ms Poh Li San58 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Coordinating Minister for National Security and Minister for Home Affairs in view of the $456 million lost to scams and with almost 20,000 cases reported in the first half of 2025 (a) how much have been recovered for these cases; and (b) how many cases are successful in recovering part or all of the scammed amount.
Mr K Shanmugam105 words
[+5 sentences]In the first half of 2025, the Police successfully recovered more than $56.7 million of scam losses. This refers to funds in bank accounts and cryptocurrency wallets of scammers or mules that have been frozen by the Police. During the same period, recovery efforts were successful in about 7,200 cases out of a total of 19,665 cases, or about 37% of cases. The proportion of funds recovered by the Police depends on the circumstances of each case. Asset recovery is challenging given the speed at which scam proceeds are laundered through a complex web of payment accounts and especially when they have been transferred overseas.
Proposed Task Force on Electrical Consumer Goods Fire Safety›Written Answers to Questions for Oral Answer Not Answered by End of Question Time2 turns · 115w
· 0 highlighted
written-answer-na-19689
Mr Cai Yinzhou40 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Coordinating Minister for National Security and Minister for Home Affairs in light of recurring HDB fires and public concern, whether the Government will establish a dedicated Task Force on Electrical Consumer Goods Fire Safety across agencies and stakeholders.
Mr K Shanmugam75 words
[+3 sentences]The number of fires in the Housing and Development Board (HDB) estates has generally been on a decline in the last five years, from 939 in 2020 to 803 in 2024. The Singapore Civil Defence Force already collaborates closely and systematically with many agencies, such as Land Transport Authority, HDB, People's Association, and stakeholders, such as the Town Councils. We will continue to leverage these strong partnerships to further minimise fire risk in our homes.
Data on Foreign Online Influence Operations Detected›Written Answers to Questions for Oral Answer Not Answered by End of Question Time2 turns · 157w
· 0 highlighted
written-answer-na-19690
Mr Kwek Hian Chuan Henry58 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Coordinating Minister for National Security and Minister for Home Affairs (a) for each year from 2022 to 2025, how many foreign online influence operations were detected; (b) what platforms and techniques were involved in such operations; (c) what reach was recorded for each operation; and (d) how many of such cases were takedowns or counter-messaging executed.
Mr K Shanmugam99 words
[+3 sentences]For operational reasons, the Government does not disclose the statistics or details for which the Member has requested. The Member may refer, instead, to the Government's Press Releases on the issuance of account restriction directions against 95 social media accounts in July 2024, as well as the blocking of 10 inauthentic websites in October 2024, for examples of foreign online influence operations. The techniques used include the coordinated use of social media accounts to amplify narratives and the masquerading of foreign-origin websites as Singapore websites by incorporating familiar local features and visuals and carrying artificial intelligence-generated content on Singapore.
Public Education Campaign to Address Fire Incidents in HDB Flats›Written Answers to Questions for Oral Answer Not Answered by End of Question Time2 turns · 176w
· 0 highlighted
written-answer-na-19692
Ms Joan Pereira70 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Coordinating Minister for National Security and Minister for Home Affairs (a) whether there is a rise in the number of fire incidents in HDB flats; and (b) if so, whether the Singapore Civil Defence Force will consider embarking on a comprehensive nation-wide educational and emergency preparedness campaign, including evacuation drills, to ensure that all residents are equipped with knowledge on what to do during a fire or emergencies.
Mr K Shanmugam106 words
[+5 sentences]The number of fires in the Housing and Development Board estates has generally been on a decline in the last five years, from 939 in 2020 to 803 in 2024. The Singapore Civil Defence Force (SCDF) conducts regular outreach to equip residents with the capabilities to deal with fires. Through the SCDF's Responders Plus Programme, residents are offered free hands-on training on the use of fire extinguishers, cardiopulmonary resuscitation and automated external defibrillators. These emergency preparedness skills are also publicised as part of the SGSecure national movement. In addition, SCDF and the People Association Community Emergency and Engagement Committees continue to regularly conduct block evacuation exercises.
Better Understanding of Provisional and Actual Suicide Statistics for More Responsive Policies and Community Interventions›Written Answers to Questions for Oral Answer Not Answered by End of Question Time2 turns · 231w
· 0 highlighted
written-answer-na-19693
Ms He Ting Ru70 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Coordinating Minister for National Security and Minister for Home Affairs in respect of the significant difference between the provisional and actual data for suicide statistics for 2023 (a) whether the Ministry can provide an update on the strategies for more accurate and timely data; and (b) whether explanations can be provided for this disparity to better understand and aid more responsive policies and community interventions for suicide prevention.
Mr K Shanmugam161 words
[+6 sentences]The provisional number of deaths from suicide reported in the annual Report on Registration of Births and Deaths are based on those confirmed to be suicides as at the time of publication of the report. At the time of publication, there could, in addition, be a number of unnatural death cases which are still pending an outcome from the Coroner's Inquiry. These cases are captured in the same report under "Symptoms, signs and abnormal clinical and laboratory findings, not elsewhere classified". Some of these cases may subsequently be classified as suicides after the completion of the Coroner's Inquiry and the number of suicides for that year will then be updated accordingly in the following year's Report on Registration of Births and Deaths. Hence, the finalised number of deaths from suicide for a particular year will generally be higher than the provisional number. The Immigration & Checkpoints Authority will provide an explanatory note in future Reports on Registration of Births and Deaths.
Work-related Road Injuries and Fatalities in 1H2025›Written Answers to Questions for Oral Answer Not Answered by End of Question Time2 turns · 374w
· 0 highlighted
written-answer-na-19694
Mr Melvin Yong Yik Chye71 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Coordinating Minister for National Security and Minister for Home Affairs (a) how many work-related road fatalities and injuries have been recorded in the first half of 2025; (b) how does the Ministry intend to ensure that the 2026 deadline to install mandatory lorry speed limiters is met; and (c) what are the Ministry's plans to further improve the safety of workers, particularly those transported in the back of lorries.
Mr K Shanmugam303 words
[+17 sentences]Data on injuries from work-related traffic accidents in 2025 will only be released by the Ministry of Manpower (MOM) next year. In 2024, four fatalities and 20 major injuries caused by such accidents were reported to MOM. All lorries with a maximum laden weight of between 3,500kg and 12,000kg must be fitted with speed limiters by their respective deadlines of between 1 January 2026 and 1 July 2027, depending on their date of registration and weight category. The Traffic Police (TP) has engaged lorry owners extensively through direct communications, industry engagements and public awareness campaigns. TP is also developing initiatives to incentivise vehicle owners to install speed limiters early. For example, drivers will be prioritised for Class 4 automatic transmission vehicle lessons if their employer has completed installing speed limiters on the company's lorry fleet. Other initiatives will be announced next month. Lorry owners who fail to comply will be liable for a fine of up to $1,000. Their vehicles will fail their regular mandatory inspection and be prohibited from being driven on our roads. The Government takes a multi-pronged approach to ensuring the safety of workers. First, reduce the need to transport workers, such as by facilitating the co-location of worker dormitories near to where they work, where feasible. Examples of such workplaces include shipyards and larger construction sites. Second, we have been engaging the industry associations to encourage their members to transport their workers on buses, rather than lorries. Woh Hup, a homegrown construction firm, has been transporting most of its workers in buses. Other companies, like Straits Construction, are doing the same. Third, we have rolled out several measures over the past years to better protect workers if employers need to use lorries to ferry them. An example would be the requirement for lorries to be fitted with speed limiters.
Stronger Penalties for Importers and Distributors of Vapes›Written Answers to Questions for Oral Answer Not Answered by End of Question Time2 turns · 128w
· 0 highlighted
written-answer-na-19698
Mr Sharael Taha71 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Coordinating Minister for Social Policies and Minister for Health whether the Ministry will consider stronger deterrence by subjecting importers and distributors of vapes to the same penalties as those importing and distributing etomidate-laced vapes, in view of the finding that one in three confiscated vape devices tested positive for etomidate and given the potential ease of using vape devices to deliver other unknown drugs or substances in the future.
Mr Ong Ye Kung57 words
[+4 sentences]This question has been answered at the Sitting on 22 September 2025. The Ministry of Health is reviewing the longer-term legislation needed to adapt to the new landscape of e-vaporisers. This will include reviewing the appropriate penalties for suppliers of e-vaporisers of all kinds. We plan to enact this new legislation in the first quarter of 2026.
Consolidating and Coordinating Suicide Data to Formulate Targeted Support›Written Answers to Questions for Oral Answer Not Answered by End of Question Time2 turns · 185w
· 0 highlighted
written-answer-na-19699
Ms He Ting Ru68 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Coordinating Minister for Social Policies and Minister for Health (a) what steps are taken by the National Mental Health Office to better consolidate and coordinate data relating to suicide statistics in order to formulate more targeted protective support for those at risk; (b) whether a national suicide prevention strategy will be developed to ensure our suicide prevention efforts support all segments; and (c) if so, when.
Mr Ong Ye Kung117 words
[+5 sentences]We adopt a whole-of-society strategy to address the issue of suicides. We have run public education campaigns to address stigma and normalise help-seeking; trained peer supporters and frontline personnel to identify and support those in crises; and built up resilience among our youths through school-based programmes. More recently, we implemented the national mindline 1771 to provide 24/7 access for those in distress. The National Mental Health and Well-being Strategy, launched by the Interagency Taskforce on Mental Health and Well-being in October 2023, supports all segments of our population via a Tiered Care Model based on severity of mental health needs and the corresponding intensity of interventions required. We will continue to review the effectiveness of our measures.
Certification Requirement for Power Banks Sold in Singapore›Written Answers to Questions for Oral Answer Not Answered by End of Question Time2 turns · 175w
· 0 highlighted
written-answer-na-19700
Mr Cai Yinzhou59 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Deputy Prime Minister and Minister for Trade and Industry whether the Ministry will consider imposing a registration, approval or certification requirement for power banks sold in Singapore, to ensure that such power banks comply with standards and requirements set out in the Consumer Protection (Consumer Goods Safety Requirements) Information Booklet published by the Consumer Product Safety Office.
Mr Gan Kim Yong116 words
[+5 sentences]All power banks sold in Singapore must comply with international safety standards specified in the Information Booklet under the Consumer Protection (Consumer Goods Safety Requirements) Regulations. To safeguard consumer interests, the Consumer Product Safety Office (CPSO) under the Competition and Consumer Commission of Singapore conducts regular market surveillance and takes strict enforcement measures, when necessary, to ensure that products sold comply with the requirements. Failure to comply with the CPSO's directions may result in fines or imprisonment. Consumers can find the latest information on product safety matters on the CPSO's website. The Government will continue to monitor the situation closely and assess the need for additional pre-market requirements on the sale of power banks in Singapore.
Impact of Indonesia's Recalibration of LNG Trade on Singapore's Energy Security›Written Answers to Questions for Oral Answer Not Answered by End of Question Time2 turns · 330w
· 0 highlighted
written-answer-na-19702
Mr Saktiandi Supaat67 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Deputy Prime Minister and Minister for Trade and Industry in view of the potential energy supply implications from Indonesia's recalibration of the liquefied natural gas (LNG) trade, including its shift towards imports from the US and prioritisation for domestic use (a) what is the impact on Singapore; and (b) and what steps will be taken to diversify Singapore's energy sources and enhance long-term energy security.
Mr Gan Kim Yong263 words
[+17 sentences]Indonesia is one of the main sources of natural gas imports for Singapore. Our current contracts to import gas from Indonesia expire in end-2028. Currently, Indonesia supplies natural gas to Singapore primarily through pipelines. But Indonesia's domestic gas demand is also growing. This may affect how much gas Indonesia is able to continue to export to other countries. Indonesia may also buy Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) from the United States, but this will not have an impact on Singapore as we are not a gas exporter. For Singapore, it is critical to ensure the sufficiency and diversity of our natural gas supplies. To this end, we have built an LNG terminal, which started operations in 2013. The LNG terminal allows us to import LNG from various suppliers around the world. In fact, LNG now accounts for close to 60% of our total natural gas supplies. In 2024, no single country accounted for more than 30% of our gas imports. To ensure we have sufficient natural gas for future needs, we are building a second LNG terminal to increase our LNG import capacity. This terminal will be operational by the end of the decade. At the same time, we will continue to diversify our energy mix. First, we are on track to install at least two Gigawatt-peak of solar capacity by 2030. Second, we aim to import around six Gigawatt of low-carbon electricity by 2035, or one-third of Singapore's projected energy demand then. Third, we are accelerating our efforts to study the feasibility of low-carbon alternatives, such as geothermal, low-carbon ammonia and nuclear energy.
Statistics on Students who are Unsuccessful in Their Applications in Joint Admission and Direct Admission Exercises›Written Answers to Questions for Oral Answer Not Answered by End of Question Time2 turns · 219w
· 0 highlighted
written-answer-na-19709
Ms Nadia Ahmad Samdin41 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Minister for Education over the past five years, what is the percentage of students who are looking to progress from ITE to polytechnic through the (i) Joint Admission Exercise and (ii) Direct Admission Exercise are unsuccessful in their applications.
Mr Desmond Lee178 words
[+9 sentences]The Institute of Technical Education (ITE) graduates can progress to a polytechnic diploma through three routes. First, applying through the Joint Polytechnic Admissions Exercise (JPAE), based on their academic results; or through the Early Admissions Exercise (EAE), based on their demonstrated aptitude and interest; or through the Direct Admissions Exercise (DAE), if they have relevant work experience. ITE graduates also have the option to progress to a diploma through ITE's Work-Study Diploma (WSDip) and Technical Diploma (TD). The success rates for ITE graduates applying to polytechnics have remained strong. One in two ITE applicants were offered a place through JPAE and one in three ITE applicants were offered a place through EAE. Of the remaining ITE upgraders who were not admitted through JPAE or EAE, about one in 10 ITE applicants secured an offer through DAE. In all, about 5,800 ITE graduates progressed to a polytechnic full-time diploma or ITE diploma programme this year. This makes up almost one in two of the ITE graduating cohort. The Government will continue to support the upgrading aspirations of ITE graduates.
Extension of Tuition Fee Loans and CPF Education Loan Scheme to Working Adults who Take Up Part-time Degrees›Written Answers to Questions for Oral Answer Not Answered by End of Question Time2 turns · 133w
· 0 highlighted
written-answer-na-19715
Mr Victor Lye38 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Minister for Education whether tuition fee loans and the CPF Education Loan Scheme can be extended to working adults who take up part-time bachelor degrees or higher studies at recognized institutions to encourage mid-career skills development.
Mr Desmond Lee95 words
[+4 sentences]Working adults or any other students who are Singapore Citizens taking Ministry of Education-subsidised part-time undergraduate or postgraduate by research degrees in our autonomous universities can tap on Government tuition fee loans to finance their studies. They can also tap on their post-secondary education account or SkillsFuture credit. Government bursaries are also available to part-time undergraduates from lower- and middle-income families. The Central Provident Fund (CPF) Education Loan Scheme is scoped tightly to local full-time tertiary education courses conducted locally at approved education institutions, to safeguard CPF savings for Singaporeans' retirement, healthcare and housing needs.
Update on Plans and Justification to Terminate Allied Educators Programme›Written Answers to Questions for Oral Answer Not Answered by End of Question Time2 turns · 154w
· 0 highlighted
written-answer-na-19719
Assoc Prof Jamus Jerome Lim24 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Minister for Education (a) whether there are plans to terminate the Allied Educators programme; and (b) if so, what is the justification.
Mr Desmond Lee130 words
[+5 sentences]Allied Educators are integral to our teaching force, comprising Special Education Needs Officers, School Counsellors, Student Welfare Officers, Outdoor Allied Educators and Allied Educators in Teaching and Learning. The Ministry of Education (MOE) has been reshaping our workforce for priority areas, like special educational needs, socio-emotional support, student support and outdoor adventure learning. MOE has, therefore, grown specific groups of Allied Educators, such as Special Education Needs Officers and School Counsellors, while scaling back on others, such as Allied Educators in Teaching and Learning. For Allied Educators in Teaching and Learning, we have been helping them to transition into roles in areas of greater need over the past nine years, through work attachments and training. Most of them have moved into meaningful alternative careers within MOE and the Public Service.
Providing English-language Programmes Equivalent to Autonomous Universities' Mandarin Postgraduate Programmes›Written Answers to Questions for Oral Answer Not Answered by End of Question Time2 turns · 121w
· 0 highlighted
written-answer-na-19720
Assoc Prof Jamus Jerome Lim27 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Minister for Education whether, alongside the launch of postgraduate programmes in Mandarin at autonomous universities, the Ministry will ensure that equivalent English-language programmes are provided.
Mr Desmond Lee94 words
[+6 sentences]English is the primary medium of instruction across the autonomous universities (AUs). The proportion of Mandarin-medium programmes is small, comprising less than 5% of all Postgraduate by Coursework programmes offered at AUs, and with a small student intake relative to that of all Master's programmes. Most of these Mandarin-medium programmes have English-taught equivalents or are taught bilingually. The AUs have autonomy to offer postgraduate programmes. Mandarin-medium programmes were developed in response to strong demand by both local and international students keen to seek opportunities in Mandarin-speaking markets. These programmes are open to all students.
Statistics on Teachers Who Joined Flexi-adjunct Teaching Scheme and Median Duration of Teachers on Scheme›Written Answers to Questions for Oral Answer Not Answered by End of Question Time2 turns · 92w
· 0 highlighted
written-answer-na-19721
Mr Pritam Singh46 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Minister for Education from 2022 to 2024 (a) how many teachers have joined the flexi-adjunct teaching scheme from the General Education Service annually; and (b) what is the median duration of that time teachers remain on the flexi-adjunct scheme for each of these years.
Mr Desmond Lee46 words
[+2 sentences]From 2022 to 2024, around 220 teachers on average were engaged as flexi-adjunct teachers within 12 months of leaving the Education Service. As the Flexi-Adjunct Teaching Scheme is a casual employment scheme, it is not meaningful to track the duration that teachers remain on the scheme.
Measures to Assist Palestine Authority Towards Statehood and Implementation of Two-State Solution›Written Answers to Questions for Oral Answer Not Answered by End of Question Time2 turns · 126w
· 0 highlighted
written-answer-na-19724
Ms Hazlina Abdul Halim66 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Minister for Foreign Affairs (a) what measures can Singapore deploy to assist the Palestine Authority towards statehood and accelerate implementation of the Two-State Solution; and (b) under what circumstances will Singapore consider stronger actions, such as sanctions or embargo on Israel or recognising Palestine as a state, given the excessive military action in Gaza, blockade to assistance and potential violations of international humanitarian laws.
Dr Vivian Balakrishnan60 words
[+1 sentence]This question for oral answer was addressed by the Minister for Foreign Affairs and Senior Minister of State for Foreign Affairs in their Ministerial Statements on the Situation in the Middle East at the Parliamentary Sitting on 22 September 2025.
Singapore's Position on Recognising Palestinian State in Light of UN Member States Declaring Intentions›Written Answers to Questions for Oral Answer Not Answered by End of Question Time2 turns · 123w
· 0 highlighted
written-answer-na-19725
Ms Nadia Ahmad Samdin63 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Minister for Foreign Affairs (a) in view of the number of UN member states recognising the Palestinian state, including declared intentions by Australia and key G7 members to do so at the next UN General Assembly, whether Singapore will reconsider its current position; and (b) what factors does the Government consider when assessing sovereign statehood recognition in accordance with international law.
Dr Vivian Balakrishnan60 words
[+1 sentence]This question for oral answer was addressed by the Minister for Foreign Affairs and Senior Minister of State for Foreign Affairs in their Ministerial Statements on the Situation in the Middle East at the Parliamentary Sitting on 22 September 2025.
Implementation of New Guidelines to Provide Clarity in Job Postings on Employment Platforms›Written Answers to Questions for Oral Answer Not Answered by End of Question Time2 turns · 380w
· 0 highlighted
written-answer-na-19727
Mr Gerald Giam Yean Song61 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Minister for Manpower whether the Ministry will implement new guidelines (i) mandating that employers provide clarity in job postings on employment platforms including salary ranges, job descriptions and expected recruitment timelines and (ii) requiring employers to furnish unsuccessful interviewees with a reason for their rejection so that they can use it as developmental feedback to enhance their future employability.
Dr Tan See Leng319 words
[+11 sentences]Clear job postings can be mutually beneficial for employers and job seekers by reducing search costs for both sides. As a baseline, the Tripartite Guidelines on Fair Employment Practices stipulate that selection criteria should be stated clearly in job advertisements. The Ministry of Manpower encourages employers to provide as much details as they can in job postings to facilitate the selection process. At the same time, some employers may wish to keep job postings broader for competitive and internal confidentiality reasons. Mandating that employers must lock in and provide these details upfront can have the unintended effect of limiting the pool of applicants and turning away jobseekers whom employers would have been prepared to negotiate with and make adjustments for. This would run counter to the Government's efforts to encourage employers to move away from a "plug and play" approach and towards a "plug, train and play" approach, to consider a wider group of applicants who may have less experience and qualifications but have aptitude and willingness to learn. The Member's suggestion to require employers to furnish unsuccessful interviewees with a reason for their rejection would be very onerous for employers, as hiring decisions are often based on a host of considerations involving multiple decision-makers, and including confidential matters, such as the relative performance of other candidates. Smaller employers may have more limited human resource capabilities and find it challenging to provide individual responses to every applicant, while larger employers typically receive substantial numbers of job applications. Mandating that all employers must provide reasons for rejection to each applicant would thus create significant operational burdens and compliance costs for both small and larger employers. Nevertheless, we encourage employers and job applicants to provide constructive feedback to each other, where practical. The Workplace Fairness Act, when brought into force, will also safeguard merit-based hiring and provide jobseekers with recourse if they have been subjected to discrimination during the selection process.
Data on Individuals Assisted by SkillsFuture Jobseeker Support Scheme Since Launch›Written Answers to Questions for Oral Answer Not Answered by End of Question Time2 turns · 506w
· 0 highlighted
written-answer-na-19731
Ms Elysa Chen34 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Minister for Manpower how many individuals have received assistance under the SkillsFuture Jobseeker Support Scheme since its launch in April 2025 given the projection that it will benefit around 60,000 jobseekers annually.
Dr Tan See Leng472 words
[+16 sentences]Mr Edward Chia asked whether the SkillsFuture Jobseeker Support (JS) scheme will be extended to workers engaged on contracts for service with non-renewals. In a contract for service, a self-employed person or a freelancer is engaged for a fee to carry out an assignment or project. The independent contractor can decide whether to accept the contract and there is no guarantee of renewals. Therefore, we do not cover them under the JS scheme, which is meant for involuntarily unemployed jobseekers. Ms Elysa Chen and Dr Wan Rizal asked about the individuals who have received assistance under the JS scheme since its launch in April 2025. As of 31 August 2025, Workforce Singapore (WSG) had received over 7,200 applications, of which almost 2,900, or 40%, were approved and slightly more than 4,300, or 60%, were rejected. The majority of successful and unsuccessful applicants both fell within the same age range of 26-40. The top three reasons for unsuccessful applications were that the applicant was not assessed to be involuntarily unemployed; the applicant's past average monthly income exceeded the income threshold of $5,000 per month; and the applicant had not worked at least six months in the past 12 months. We have held the line in these cases, as the JS scheme is meant to support those made unemployed involuntarily due to reasons, such as retrenchment, cessation of business, dismissal or termination due to illness, injury or accident, rather than those who have chosen to leave. Where there is ambiguity in the reason for a worker becoming unemployed, WSG actively reaches out to employers to conduct verification checks. The income threshold of $5,000 per month exists to focus our support on lower- to middle-income jobseekers who are more likely to face financial pressure. The requirement of having worked six months in the past year is to target workers who faced recent unemployment shocks and help them bounce back well, as opposed to those who have already been outside the workforce for some time and may need other forms of support. We will continue working with tripartite partners to raise awareness of the scheme among those who are involuntarily unemployed and encourage employers conducting retrenchments to lean forward to assist affected employees with applications for the scheme. While the JS scheme is still in its early days, I would like to assure Members that we are closely monitoring the situation and will review the scheme parameters regularly to ensure that we provide the necessary support to involuntarily unemployed jobseekers. I would also like to stress that the JS scheme should not be viewed in isolation, as it builds on the Government's existing suite of programmes and services to help all jobseekers, such as the SkillsFuture Level-Up Programme and WSG's Career Conversion Programmes. We are committed to support all jobseekers to bounce back to better jobs.
Strategies to Safeguard Job Stability for Singaporeans in Light of Trade Tensions and Structural Shifts in Labour Market›Written Answers to Questions for Oral Answer Not Answered by End of Question Time2 turns · 455w
· 0 highlighted
written-answer-na-19734
Mr Saktiandi Supaat31 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Minister for Manpower what strategies are being put in place to safeguard job stability for Singaporeans in light of rising trade tensions and structural shifts in the labour market.
Dr Tan See Leng424 words
[+18 sentences]Mr Saktiandi Supaat and Dr Wan Rizal filed Parliamentary Questions regarding anxiety about job security and measures to safeguard job stability and strengthen support for workers. Some Singaporeans feel anxious over job security due to an increased sense of uncertainty over the future, exacerbated by recent global events and accelerating technological advancements. In a dynamic economy, there will be continual creation and destruction of jobs. Our approach is to safeguard workers by helping them to move on to new jobs over time rather than to save jobs. Saving jobs that are no longer productive may hinder the growth of new and better jobs for Singaporeans in the longer term. Our approach to safeguard workers has three thrusts. First, create good jobs by facilitating the flow of investments into Singapore. We provide support for businesses to upgrade and transform their workforce in response to structural shifts in the economy. For example, we set aside over $600 million at this year’s Budget for the Enterprise Workforce Transformation Package and the National Trades Union Congress' (NTUC's) Company Training Committee Grant to provide greater support for businesses in workforce transformation. Second, we equip workers with the right skillsets to help them remain employable, spending over $10 billion over the last five years on local workforce initiatives. Workforce Singapore and SkillsFuture Singapore have a wide range of upskilling and reskilling programmes, such as the Career Conversion Programmes, the SkillsFuture Career Transition Programme and the SkillsFuture Level-Up Programme, to better support mid-career workers in upskilling and reskilling. Third, we have strengthened support for workers and businesses to navigate a more complex and diverse labour market. The Ministry of Manpower launched the Career Health SG initiative to better optimise our workforce for future jobs. We have also set up the Tripartite Workgroup on Senior Employment to study how to extend the productive longevity of our ageing workforce. An Alliance for Action on Advancing Career and Employment Services was recently convened to work with the private sector on solutions to redefine jobs, strengthen employability and improve job matching. In addition, the SkillsFuture Jobseeker Support scheme launched earlier this year provides financial support for the involuntarily displaced so that they can bounce back stronger from employment setbacks. The Singapore Economic Resilience Taskforce will monitor the impact of global trade developments on local job creation and stand ready to roll out additional measures to bolster, if necessary. At the same time, we have embarked on the Economic Strategy Review to chart a forward-looking economic blueprint to secure good opportunities for our businesses and workers.
Data on Jobseekers Finding Jobs After Being Retrenched for More than a Year and Possible "Returnship" Programme›Written Answers to Questions for Oral Answer Not Answered by End of Question Time2 turns · 512w
· 0 highlighted
written-answer-na-19738
Ms Hazlina Abdul Halim51 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Minister for Manpower (a) how many jobseekers are able to find jobs after being retrenched for more than a year; and (b) whether the Ministry can consider convening a "returnship" programme to support companies in re-employing jobseekers who are returning to the workforce including working mothers and retrenched professionals.
Dr Tan See Leng461 words
[+18 sentences]Dr Charlene Chen and Ms Hazlina Halim have filed two Parliamentary Questions on supporting jobseekers to re-enter the workforce. Of the 9,990 residents retrenched in 2023, 80.8% found employment within 18 months. There are existing schemes to support companies in employing those returning to the workforce. For example, Workforce Singapore's (WSG's) Mid-Career Pathways Programme (MCPP) provides attachment opportunities for mature mid-career Singaporeans aged 40 and above so that they can gain industry-relevant skills and experience, whilst assessing job-fit. Returning jobseekers can also tap on the Career Conversion Programmes (CCPs) to be reskilled for new job roles with good prospects. Enhanced salary support is provided to employers who hire CCP participants who have been unemployed for at least six months. We also have a suite of measures to support Singaporeans re-entering the workforce, including older jobseekers, to find part-time or flexible work and inclusive employers. These include: CCPs, which we enhanced earlier this year to support mid-career workers to take up jobs with flexi-load arrangements, such as part-time work; the Senior Employment Credit, which supports employers to hire and retain Singaporeans aged 60 and above; the Part-Time Re-employment Grant, which supports employers to offer part-time re-employment, flexible work arrangements (FWAs) and structured career planning to their senior workers; and the Tripartite Guidelines on Flexible Work Arrangement Requests (TG-FWAR), which allows employers and employees to discuss and arrive at mutually-beneficial work arrangements. WSG also provides career matching and guidance services to support jobseekers, including interview preparation, networking and employer engagement. As part of the Economic Strategy Review announced by Deputy Prime Minister Gan Kim Yong in August, the Committee on Managing Impact of Restructuring is developing ways to proactively support workers who are affected by economic transformation as well as strengthen system-level support for displaced workers to bounce back into gainful employment. The Committee will share more details in due course. The Ministry of Manpower and WSG leverage multiple communications and outreach channels to increase awareness of these measures among both individuals and employers. This includes media pitches, marketing campaigns and roadshows. For older jobseekers, we will continue to build our presence at local communities, such as by hosting in-person career fairs and working closely with Community Development Councils to publicise and provide employment support, given that many older jobseekers still prefer having face-to-face engagements or finding work near their homes. The Tripartite Standards (TS) recognises employers who have implemented progressive employment practices, such as age-friendly workplaces and FWAs. On MyCareersFuture portal, jobseekers can identify these employers through their TS logomarks and select job postings that offer different types of FWAs. The Government and tripartite partners have also convened a Tripartite Workgroup on Senior Employment, to review and refresh our policies to support senior employment. The Workgroup will release its recommendations next year.
Common Safety Lapses Identified Through Companies that Participated in June 2025's Voluntary Safety Timeout›Written Answers to Questions for Oral Answer Not Answered by End of Question Time2 turns · 192w
· 0 highlighted
written-answer-na-19740
Mr Melvin Yong Yik Chye65 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Minister for Manpower in light of the five recorded workplace fatalities in May 2025 (a) whether the Government has information on the number of companies that participated in the June 2025 voluntary safety timeout; (b) if so, what is the number; (c) how many Ministry inspections and enforcement actions were conducted during this period; and (d) what were the common safety lapses identified.
Dr Tan See Leng127 words
[+5 sentences]Following the five workplace fatalities in May 2025, the Ministry of Manpower (MOM) called on companies across all industries to conduct voluntary Safety Time-Outs between 12 and 26 June 2025, with an emphasis on work activities involving vehicular safety and work at height. MOM did not track participation in the exercise. MOM also ramped up our workplace safety and health inspections with more than 500 inspections conducted between April and June 2025 in high-risk sectors, such as construction, manufacturing and marine. Three stop-work orders and 110 fines were issued to companies and individuals for safety breaches. Common breaches found included the lack of control measures for working-at-height hazards, such as unguarded open sides and inadequate guardrails, and for vehicular hazards, such as not having traffic management plans.
Reasons and Trend of Vacant Commercial Units and Impact of High Rents on Business Viability and Growth›Written Answers to Questions for Oral Answer Not Answered by End of Question Time2 turns · 289w
· 0 highlighted
written-answer-na-19746
Mr Gerald Giam Yean Song61 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Minister for National Development (a) what has been the trend of vacant commercial units in Singapore over the past three years; (b) whether this is due to landlords holding out for higher rents to secure better valuations; (c) what impact do persistently high rents have on business viability and growth; and (d) whether a vacancy tax is being considered.
Mr Chee Hong Tat228 words
[+10 sentences]My response will also cover matters raised in the question by Mr Kenneth Tiong scheduled for a subsequent Sitting. Vacancy rates for commercial properties have remained stable over the past three years at around 7% for retail spaces and around 11% for office spaces, comparable to pre-COVID-19 levels. Landlords are unlikely to leave their properties vacant for too long, as prolonged vacancy could affect property valuation and limit capital appreciation. It is also not financially sustainable for the landlord to incur holding costs, such as property tax and mortgage repayments, as well as opportunity costs from foregone rental income. Given these considerations, we do not see a need to impose a vacancy tax on commercial properties. We acknowledge concerns from some retail and food and beverage business owners that their business costs, including rents, have risen. At an aggregate level, rent increases of private retail spaces have trended below the inflation rate in the past three years. At a local level, there will invariably be differences in the rents, with some commercial properties commanding higher rents due to their more attractive attributes, such as shopping malls integrated with mass rapid transit stations. For more cost-conscious businesses, a variety of lower-cost options remain available. The Urban Redevelopment Authority publishes detailed rental data every quarter, which offers the public and businesses sufficient insights to make well-informed leasing or investment decisions.
Mitigating Adverse Impact to Flora and Fauna in Woodlands Forest in Light of Clearance Commencement in 2026›Written Answers to Questions for Oral Answer Not Answered by End of Question Time2 turns · 189w
· 0 highlighted
written-answer-na-19747
Ms Hany Soh40 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Minister for National Development with regard to the planned Woodlands forest clearance to commence in 2026, how will the Ministry mitigate and minimise adverse impacts to the flora and fauna there, especially to the critically and endangered species.
Mr Chee Hong Tat149 words
[+8 sentences]My response will also cover related issues raised by Ms Poh Li San, scheduled for a subsequent Sitting. Given Singapore's tight land constraints, some vegetated sites will have to be developed to meet our land use needs that help create jobs and build new homes for Singaporeans. Such developments will be carried out sensitively, with measures in place to mitigate potential environmental impact. The JTC Corporation (JTC) hence commissioned an Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) to assess and recommend measures to mitigate potential environmental impact arising from the Woodlands Gateway development. The EIA report was reviewed in consultation with nature groups and published online in August 2025 for public feedback. The EIA report recommended measures to mitigate the impact of the development on flora and fauna. These include transplanting plant species of conservation significance and implementing a Wildlife Management Plan. JTC will also integrate greenery into the development, where feasible.
Waiving Non-selection Counts when Final BTO Unit Price Exceeds Indicative Price Range›Written Answers to Questions for Oral Answer Not Answered by End of Question Time2 turns · 254w
· 0 highlighted
written-answer-na-19748
Assoc Prof Jamus Jerome Lim30 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Minister for National Development whether HDB will consider waiving non-selection counts when the final price of a BTO unit exceeds the indicative price range given for a project.
Mr Chee Hong Tat224 words
[+8 sentences]The Housing and Development Board (HDB) flat applicants who are invited to book a flat, but choose not to do so, will incur a non-selection count (NSC). First-timer families with an NSC will be considered second-timers for a year when balloting for a Build-To-Order (BTO) flat, while second-timer families, first-timer singles and seniors who incur an NSC will have to wait one year before they can apply for a flat again. This ensures more efficient flat allocation, so that those with urgent housing needs can secure their flats more quickly. HDB provides indicative flat price ranges at every BTO sales exercise to allow prospective applicants to make informed decisions on their flat applications. To date, the prices of all BTO flats have been within the indicative flat price ranges provided. HDB does exercise flexibility in waiving NSC in some cases. For instance, HDB recognises that applicants invited to book at the tail end of the flat booking exercise may face limited choices and will waive NSC for applicants who have 10 or fewer flats to choose from in a BTO sales exercise; and five or fewer flats to choose from in an SBF sales exercise. HDB will also assess appeals for waiver of NSC on a case-by-case basis, particularly where applicants face extenuating circumstances that affect their ability to proceed with the flat purchase.
Update on Pigeon Management Plan Expansion to Address Roosting and Hygiene Issues›Written Answers to Questions for Oral Answer Not Answered by End of Question Time2 turns · 94w
· 0 highlighted
written-answer-na-19752
Mr Abdul Muhaimin Abdul Malik31 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Minister for National Development whether there are plans to expand the pigeon management plan to more constituencies and HDB blocks to address roosting and hygiene issues in residential areas.
Mr Chee Hong Tat63 words
[+1 sentence]The response for this question has been addressed by oral reply to Question No 103 on the Order Paper for 22 September 2025. [Please refer to "Addressing Issue of Pigeon Roosting and Defecation at Air-conditioner Ledges of HDB Flats", Official Report, 22 September 2025, Vol 96, Issue 2, Written Answers to Questions for Oral Answer not Answered by End of Question Time section.]
Considerations of Mixed-use Developments Managed Under Single MCST›Written Answers to Questions for Oral Answer Not Answered by End of Question Time2 turns · 70w
· 0 highlighted
written-answer-na-19753
Mr Abdul Muhaimin Abdul Malik47 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Minister for National Development (a) whether there are other mixed-use developments in Singapore managed under a single MCST like Compass One and Compass Heights; and (b) if not, what were the considerations in allowing Compass One and Compass Heights to be managed under one MCST.
Mr Chee Hong Tat23 words
[+1 sentence]The majority of strata mixed-use developments in Singapore, including Compass One and Compass Heights, operate under a single-tier Management Corporation Strata Title structure.
Total Quantum of Government Grants and Subsidies Provided to Operators or Preschools Under AOP and POP›Written Answers to Questions for Oral Answer Not Answered by End of Question Time2 turns · 206w
· 0 highlighted
written-answer-na-19754
Mr Kenneth Tiong Boon Kiat64 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Minister for Social and Family Development (a) for each financial year in the last five years, what is the total quantum of Government grants and subsidies provided directly to operators of preschools under the (i) Anchor Operator and (ii) Partner Operator schemes, separate from subsidies disbursed to parents; and (b) what does this amount to on a per-enrolled-student basis for each scheme.
Mr Masagos Zulkifli B M M142 words
[+6 sentences]The Government has invested significantly in the early childhood sector to give every child a good start in life. The annual Government expenditure on the early childhood sector has increased from around $1.5 billion in FY2020 to over $2 billion in FY2024. The average Government expenditure per preschool-aged child has increased from $7,900 to $13,000 over the same period, with a higher amount spent per child in anchor and partner operator (AOP and POP) preschools and on children from lower-income families. We provide funding to AOPs and POPs to ensure that they invest in quality improvements and keep within monthly fee caps. These fee caps were lowered to $640 and $680, respectively, for full-day childcare this year. We will further reduce these fee caps to $610 and $650 respectively in 2026, and families will pay even less after basic and means-tested subsidies.
Data on Eligible Children with No or Inactive CDA Accounts and Barriers to Open and Utilise Such Accounts›Written Answers to Questions for Oral Answer Not Answered by End of Question Time2 turns · 127w
· 0 highlighted
written-answer-na-19755
Ms Mariam Jaafar41 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Minister for Social and Family Development (a) what is the current number of eligible children who have no or inactive Child Development Account (CDA) accounts; and (b) what are the barriers preventing families from opening and utilising CDA accounts.
Mr Masagos Zulkifli B M M86 words
[+4 sentences]Parents can open a Child Development Account (CDA) for an eligible Singapore Citizen child anytime from the child's birth until the end of the year that he or she turns 12. Based on the 2013 to 2024 birth cohorts, around 420,000 children are eligible for a CDA. Less than 1% of them have not opened their CDAs. One reason why some parents may not have opened CDA for their child is because they are residing overseas and are unable to use CDA funds outside of Singapore.
Extending Climate Vouchers to Tenants Under Single Room Shared Facilities to Encourage Take-up of Climate-friendly Appliances›Written Answers to Questions for Oral Answer Not Answered by End of Question Time2 turns · 177w
· 0 highlighted
written-answer-na-19756
Ms Nadia Ahmad Samdin38 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Minister for Sustainability and the Environment (a) whether the Climate Vouchers can be extended to tenants residing under Single Room Shared Facilities to encourage take-up of climate-friendly appliances; and (b) if not, what are the considerations.
Ms Grace Fu Hai Yien139 words
[+6 sentences]Under the enhanced Climate Friendly Households Programme (CFHP), Singapore Citizen and Permanent Resident Housing and Development Board (HDB) households, as well as Singapore Citizen households living in private residential properties can claim $400 in Climate vouchers to lower the upfront cost of resource-efficient appliances and fittings. The vouchers can be used by the residents to purchase 10 eligible types of products, including common resource-intensive household products with high water and electricity usage rates, such as refrigerators and washing machines. The units in HDB's Single Room Shared Facilities are furnished with energy and water-efficient appliances, including refrigerators and lights fixtures. They also have shared facilities, including toilets, kitchens, laundry and activity rooms, for tenants. Tenants thus need not purchase their own appliances and water fixtures. The National Environment Agency will continue to periodically review the enhanced CFHP, including its coverage.
Progress of Take-up Rate of NEA's Incubation Stall Programme›Written Answers to Questions for Oral Answer Not Answered by End of Question Time2 turns · 195w
· 0 highlighted
written-answer-na-19760
Mr Liang Eng Hwa36 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Minister for Sustainability and the Environment (a) what is the progress on the take-up rate of NEA's Incubation Stall Programme; and (b) whether the programme will be reviewed and improved to achieve better outcomes.
Ms Grace Fu Hai Yien159 words
[+7 sentences]Under the National Environment Agency's (NEA's) Incubation Stall Programme, aspiring hawkers can run their businesses at pre-fitted stalls with reduced stall rental for 15 months. As of 30 June 2025, NEA has allocated 99 incubation stalls to aspiring hawkers. About 37 of them have since converted to become full-fledged hawkers. Achieving business viability and sustainability in the hawker trade is dependent on aspiring hawkers' ability to meet patrons' expectations and manage their businesses effectively. NEA conducts reviews of the programme and its parameters from time to time. In 2019, after taking in feedback from participants, NEA extended the 50% rental discounts from six to nine months and provided 25% rental discounts for a further six months, so that participants could have more time to build their clientele and stabilise business operations. NEA will continue to monitor and review the scheme from time to time to ensure that it remains relevant to the hawker trade and needs of aspiring hawkers.
Cause of 26 July 2025 Sinkhole and Measures to Prevent or Minimise Such Incidences›Written Answers to Questions for Oral Answer Not Answered by End of Question Time2 turns · 136w
· 0 highlighted
written-answer-na-19761
Mr Dennis Tan Lip Fong64 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Minister for Sustainability and the Environment (a) whether an update can be provided on the cause of the sinkhole which occurred on the evening of 26 July 2025 along Tanjong Katong Road; and (b) what additional measures will be taken in future to prevent or minimise the occurrence of such sinkholes in the vicinity as well as on all our roads generally.
Ms Grace Fu Hai Yien72 words
[+2 sentences]The question has been addressed with similar Parliamentary Questions on 22 September 2025 via written answer. Please refer to the response to Questions in the 22 September 2025 Order Paper. [Please refer to "Cause and Actions Taken for Sinkhole Formation at Tanjong Katong Road South in July 2025", Official Report, 22 September 2025, Vol 96, Issue 2, Written Answers to Questions for Oral Answer not Answered by End of Question Time section.]
Update on Review of Practices and Safeguards on Sinkhole Incident on 26 July 2025›Written Answers to Questions for Oral Answer Not Answered by End of Question Time2 turns · 140w
· 0 highlighted
written-answer-na-19762
Mr Melvin Yong Yik Chye68 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Minister for Sustainability and the Environment (a) when will the independent review of practices and safeguards pertaining to the sinkhole incident on 26 July 2025 at Tanjong Katong Road South be completed; (b) what is the frequency of sewer shaft inspections to ensure their continued structural integrity; and (c) whether any additional measures have been made by the Ministry to ensure workers’ safety at similar worksites.
Ms Grace Fu Hai Yien72 words
[+2 sentences]The question has been addressed with similar Parliamentary Questions on 22 September 2025 via written answer. Please refer to the response to Questions in the 22 September 2025 Order Paper. [Please refer to "Cause and Actions Taken for Sinkhole Formation at Tanjong Katong Road South in July 2025", Official Report, 22 September 2025, Vol 96, Issue 2, Written Answers to Questions for Oral Answer not Answered by End of Question Time section.]
Adequacy of AML Controls for Financial Institutions Penalised for Breaching AML Requirements in 2016/2017 and 2025›Written Answers to Questions for Oral Answer Not Answered by End of Question Time2 turns · 246w
· 0 highlighted
written-answer-na-19764
Mr Fadli Fawzi65 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Prime Minister and Minister for Finance in relation to the same financial institutions which are penalised for breaching anti-money laundering (AML) requirements in 2016/2017 and 2025 (a) how do the breaches differ for each incident; (b) whether the Government considers these institutions to have sufficiently strengthened their AML controls after 2016/2017; and (c) if so, why are these institutions penalised again in 2025.
Mr Alvin Tan (for the Prime Minister)181 words
[+8 sentences]As announced on 4 July 2025, nine financial institutions (FIs) which have breached their anti-money laundering obligations were subject to Monetary Authority of Singapore (MAS) regulatory action. In respect of FIs that were penalised in both 2016/2017 and 2025, their earlier breaches were largely due to their failures in transaction monitoring, arising out of deficiencies in their relevant systems and controls. Following the issuance of financial penalties in 2016/2017, they have remediated these deficiencies. In 2025, MAS found breaches by these FIs in other areas, such as customer risk assessment, establishment and corroboration of customers' source of wealth and post-suspicious transaction report follow-up. While MAS also found some breaches relating to transaction monitoring, they were due to inconsistent implementation by the FI's employees. MAS noted that that the FI's transaction monitoring systems and controls were generally in place. The FIs involved have accepted that they had fallen short and have implemented remediation measures, including stronger oversight of staff tasked with implementing controls and checks. Criminals continuously shift their tactics to evade controls and FIs must adapt their control measures in tandem.
Understating Gini Coefficient and Under-accounting of Income Inequality due to Exclusion of Asset and Investment Income›Written Answers to Questions for Oral Answer Not Answered by End of Question Time2 turns · 100w
· 0 highlighted
written-answer-na-19766
Mr Fadli Fawzi50 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Prime Minister and Minister for Finance whether it is the Ministry's assessment that exclusion of income earned from assets and investments is likely to understate Singapore's Gini coefficient and thus significantly under-account for income inequality in Singapore, based on its estimates of non-work income earned by higher-earning residents.
Mr Jeffrey Siow50 words
[+3 sentences]In many jurisdictions, better-off households tend also to have more non-employment income, such as from assets and investments. However, such income tends to be under-reported. The Ministry of Finance and the Department of Statistics have been studying how to measure non-employment income better and will share the findings when ready.
Regulations on 3D Printing Industry to Prevent Production of Illegal Items›Written Answers to Questions for Oral Answer Not Answered by End of Question Time3 turns · 321w
· 0 highlighted
written-answer-na-19833
Miss Rachel Ong64 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Deputy Prime Minister and Minister for Trade and Industry whether there are plans to (i) introduce further regulations on the 3D printing industry and sales of 3D printers to the public to ensure they are not used to produce illegal items or parts; and (b) what responsibilities are placed on retailers and online platforms to prevent misuse of printers and design files.
Miss Rachel Ong54 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Deputy Prime Minister and Minister for Trade and Industry (a) how many cases have occurred in Singapore where digital blueprints or design files are submitted to 3D printers to produce illegal items, including vapes or weapons; and (b) what safeguards exist for individuals and businesses to prevent misuse of 3D printing technology.
Mr Gan Kim Yong203 words
[+10 sentences]The Government adopts a risk-based approach to regulating industry and enterprises. We take a serious view towards businesses which participate in activities that may pose harm and safety risks to the public. On the other hand, we seek to foster a pro-enterprise regulatory environment for honest businesses to innovate and grow. Specifically on illegal items, the Government has put in place strict regulations and strong penalties on the import, manufacture or supply of dangerous or socially harmful goods, including guns and illegal drugs. These regulations and penalties apply regardless of the mode of manufacture and whether the goods are made by businesses or individuals. For instance, the Guns, Explosives and Weapons Control Act 2021 (GEWCA) which came into force earlier this year provides for stringent controls over the manufacture of guns and weapons, including through 3D printing. GEWCA also stipulates an offence for the unauthorised possession of digital blueprints of guns or major parts of guns for 3D printing. We do not have plans to impose further regulations on 3D printing. We will stay nimble and respond quickly if new risks emerge. Businesses and consumers should exercise good judgement, stay vigilant and alert the authorities when they encounter potentially dangerous or harmful conduct.
Key Lessons and Improvements following Recent LRT and MRT Disruptions›Written Answers to Questions for Oral Answer Not Answered by End of Question Time3 turns · 175w
· 0 highlighted
written-answer-na-19834
Mr Chua Kheng Wee Louis66 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Acting Minister for Transport over the past five years (a) whether there have been instances where train operators have failed to inform commuters of MRT service delays in excess of ten minutes as required by LTA; (b) what are the penalties borne by the operators should they fail to adhere to these requirements; and (c) whether LTA has penalised any train operators for non-adherence.
Mr Sharael Taha56 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Acting Minister for Transport (a) whether the Ministry will reconsider increasing the Mean Kilometres Between Failures (MKBF)) target for the MRT network to above 1 million MKBF and introduce a yearly improvement target to reflect the need for continuous improvement; and (b) how does Singapore’s MKBF target compare with rail networks in other countries.
Mr Jeffrey Siow53 words
[+1 sentence]These questions have been addressed in Parliamentary Question Nos 19 to 24 at the 22 September 2025 Parliament Sitting. [Please refer to "Causes for Recent MRT and LRT Breakdowns, and Measures to Improve Rail Reliability and Review Financial Penalties", Official Report, 22 September 2025, Vol 96, Issue 2, Oral Answers to Questions section.]
Correlation between Number of Trains Operating on NEL during Peak and Capacity Utilisation›Written Answers to Questions for Oral Answer Not Answered by End of Question Time3 turns · 275w
· 0 highlighted
written-answer-na-19835
Mr Dennis Tan Lip Fong31 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Acting Minister for Transport what are LTA's plans to alleviate train congestion or to increase train frequency for the North-East Line (NEL), especially for commuters living in the northeast.
Mr Chua Kheng Wee Louis60 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Acting Minister for Transport (a) what is the current number of trains operating on the North-East Line (NEL) during peak-hours; (b) what is (i) the corresponding maximum passengers per hour per direction and (ii) the capacity utilisation during peak-hours; and (c) whether there are plans and the potential to further increase capacity of the NEL given rising demand.
Mr Jeffrey Siow184 words
[+8 sentences]SBS Transit is currently operating up to 40 trains along the North-East Line (NEL) during the peak-hours of 7.30 am-9.30 am, up from 36 trains previously in 2024. The wait time between trains during peak hours is less than two minutes. Most commuters are able to board the first train that arrives. However, during peak hour, some commuters may have to wait another two minutes to board the second train. Beyond increasing NEL train frequencies and adding new trains, the Land Transport Authority (LTA) has enhanced the five existing peak-hour bus services and added five new peak-hour bus services for the Northeast Region. LTA has also improved incentives for the Travel Smart Journeys programme to encourage commuters to shift their timing or mode of their journeys. While the pandemic had delayed the planned opening of Cross Island Line (CRL), we are on track to completing the CRL Phase 1 and the CRL Punggol Extension by the early 2030s. LTA is also conducting feasibility studies for a new Seletar Line to provide an additional option for commuters travelling from the northeast to the city centre.
Factors Triggering Increased Public Sector Hiring to Support Singaporeans and Fresh Graduate Vacancies in Public Service›Written Answers to Questions for Oral Answer Not Answered by End of Question Time3 turns · 458w
· 0 highlighted
written-answer-na-19836
Mr Pritam Singh68 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Prime Minister and Minister for Finance (a) of the approximately 2,400 immediate vacancies on Careers@Gov available in the public sector for fresh graduates as of 10 July 2025, what is the total number of applicants for these vacancies to-date; (b) how many vacancies have been filled; and (c) how many new vacancies for fresh graduates have been created in the public service since 10 July 2025.
Mr Low Wu Yang Andre44 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Prime Minister and Minister for Finance in view of the threat of artificial intelligence-driven job displacement, what specific economic indicators or graduate unemployment thresholds will trigger an increased public sector hiring to support Singaporeans as has been done during past economic downturns.
Mr Chan Chun Sing (for the Prime Minister)346 words
[+15 sentences]I will answer the questions filed by Mr Low Wu Yang Andre and Mr Pritam Singh together, as they both relate to public sector hiring. To Mr Low Wu Yang Andre's question, employment rates are affected by various factors, such as economic and labour market conditions. Increases in public sector hiring in response to economic downturns will take the cue from the larger national response to economic conditions. In deciding whether to trigger further support for Singaporeans during an economic downturn, the Government closely monitors a range of economic indicators, such as Gross Domestic Product growth and sectoral value-added growth, as well as labour market indicators, such as unemployment rates, employment growth, retrenchments and polls, that track firms' hiring and wage expectations. Beyond specific trigger points based on the economic outlook, we also stay responsive to feedback on the ground to address specific concerns as they arise. Based on economic and labour market data for 2Q 2025, economic conditions remain stable, but this is set against a backdrop of some uncertainty as a result of trade tensions and geopolitical conflict. Mr Pritam Singh asked about the status of public sector hiring. Around 45% of the earlier projected 2,400 vacancies in the public sector have been filled. To increase awareness of the job opportunities in the public sector, we have expanded our outreach through additional efforts, such as the SG Public Service Career Fair held on 23 August 2025. The Fair attracted around 1,800 fresh graduates. There will continue to be new vacancies as needs of public agencies evolve. For example, more than 300 new vacancies for fresh graduates have been added as of 11 September 2025. We will continue to hire people with the right skills, values and attitudes to the Public Service, and we welcome capable and committed Singaporeans to come forward to take up the vacancies. To further support fresh graduates in gaining experience and practical skills that will strengthen their employability, we will be introducing the GRIT@Gov Traineeship Programme from October 2025. We will continue to monitor the situation and longer-term trends closely.
Allocation of Counsellors to Schools›Written Answers to Questions for Oral Answer Not Answered by End of Question Time2 turns · 507w
· 0 highlighted
written-answer-na-19868
Mr Kenneth Tiong Boon Kiat56 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Minister for Education (a) what criteria warrant more than one full-time counsellor per school; (b) whether independent audits have assessed allocation adequacy; (c) if so, whether results will be published and when will allocations be revised; and (d) whether the Ministry will meet the American School Counsellor Association (ASCA) recommendation of 1:250 counsellor-to-student ratio.
Mr Desmond Lee451 words
[+19 sentences]Ms Jessica Tan1 and Mr Kenneth Tiong asked about the Government's support for students' mental health. I will address related queries raised by Dr Wan Rizal and Ms Eileen Chong who have filed Parliamentary Questions for the Sitting on or after 24 September 2025, to provide a more holistic answer. [Please refer to "Statistics on School Counsellors in Primary and Secondary Schools and Measures to Improve Early Mental Health Intervention for Students", Official Report, 24 September 2025, Vol 96, Issue 4, Written Answers to Questions section.] The Ministry of Education (MOE) is committed to supporting our students' mental well-being. We integrate mental health education into our character and citizenship education curriculum from primary to pre-university levels. Students learn essential skills for mental well-being and also ways to manage their emotions and stress. They also learn where and how to seek help and become more resilient. Every school has one or two trained school counsellors, based on needs. There are about 220 trained counsellors in our primary schools and another 220 in our secondary schools. MOE reviews our deployment of counsellors annually based on the caseload and case complexity reported by schools. Schools with greater counselling needs would be provided with additional resources, such as a second counsellor or flexi-adjunct counsellor. This needs-based staffing approach allows us to deploy resources where they are most needed, rather than applying a single staffing ratio regardless of context. Beyond the counsellors, students can access support through the ecosystem of support in schools, comprising teachers and peer support networks. The implementation is monitored at the school level, with regular engagement and support from MOE. MOE also tracks a suite of mental health indicators across the system and monitors developments in other comparable systems for review and improvement. The Government is committed to improving mental health access to all, including our youths. As part of the National Mental Health and Well-being Strategy, the Government has developed the Tiered Care Model to better support individuals according to their mental health needs. For those with mild to moderate needs who can be supported in the community, we are strengthening referral pathways across schools, community-based services and hospitals to make care delivery more seamless. For students who prefer to seek help outside schools, we encourage them to turn to trusted adults at home and access community support, such as the Response, Early Intervention and Assessment in Community Mental Health (REACH) teams, national mindline 1771; or in-person services, like the Youth Community Outreach Teams (CREST-Youth) and Centre of Excellence for Youth Mental Health (CHAT) @ *SCAPE. In addition, the Ministry of Health is also looking into factors influencing youth help-seeking, including parental consent, to improve youths' access to mental health services.
Review of Animals and Birds Act, and Factors Determining Form of Punishment for Alleged Animal Cruelty or Neglect›Written Answers to Questions for Oral Answer Not Answered by End of Question Time3 turns · 489w
· 0 highlighted
written-answer-na-19873
Ms Lee Hui Ying50 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Minister for National Development what are the guidelines and factors that the Animal & Veterinary Service (AVS) and NParks take into account in deciding whether a report of alleged animal cruelty or neglect should be addressed by (i) a warning letter (ii) a composition fine or (iii) prosecution.
Ms Lee Hui Ying53 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Minister for National Development (a) whether an update can be provided on the timeline for completing the review of the Animals and Birds Act; and (b) what specific engagements will the Ministry conduct based on the recommendations outlined in the White Paper released by SPCA and ACRES on 26 August 2025.
Mr Chee Hong Tat386 words
[+17 sentences]The Animals and Birds Act 1965 (ABA) safeguards against animal cruelty and abuse. Under the current ABA, the maximum penalty for a cruelty offence is higher than that for a welfare offence. Repeat offenders are also liable for enhanced punishment. Where acts of cruelty are particularly aggravated, the prosecution will highlight this to the Courts to take into account for sentencing. The National Parks Board (NParks) has started a comprehensive review to ensure ABA remains effective in deterring acts of animal cruelty and abuse. This includes reviewing the penalty framework, such as imprisonment terms, fines and disqualification orders for animal welfare offences, and enforcement powers for better animal welfare and management. The review currently does not include proposals to prevent the posting of animal abuse content online or increase collaboration on enforcement with animal welfare groups. To reduce disamenities caused by irresponsible pet ownership, NParks has launched initiatives, such as cat licensing under the Cat Management Framework and the Pet Ownership Course. We will continue to take a collaborative approach in this review. For instance, Minister of State Alvin Tan had engaged Animal Concerns Research and Education Society and Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals in July on their White Paper on Strengthening Protections for Animal Welfare. We agreed that while some recommendations will be challenging to implement due to the trade-offs, we could adopt some recommendations as part of the ABA review and further evaluate others with partners. NParks will continue to engage stakeholders, such as animal welfare groups, pet business owners and vets, to ensure that all views are considered. NParks aims to start public consultation on the draft Bill by around end-2026. NParks will continue to investigate feedback on animal welfare and cruelty thoroughly. For instance, in the recent cases involving community cats in Yishun and Punggol, NParks interviewed key witnesses, reviewed closed-circuit television footage and carried out post-mortem examination for the Yishun community cat, and found that the cases were likely the result of vehicular accidents. NParks will take firm enforcement action, considering factors, such as severity of the offence, and whether it is a repeat offender. In line with its enforcement efforts, NParks also works with animal welfare group partners to increase education and outreach efforts to raise awareness of responsible pet ownership and the consequences of animal cruelty.
Enhancing Vape Detection in Schools and Counselling for Students Caught Vaping›Written Answers to Questions for Oral Answer Not Answered by End of Question Time3 turns · 628w
· 0 highlighted
written-answer-na-19874
Miss Rachel Ong40 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Minister for Education (a) whether the Ministry has plans to require all schools including Institutes of Higher Learning (IHLs) to install vape detectors on campus; and (b) whether students caught vaping in IHLs have access to counselling support.
Mr Sharael Taha61 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Minister for Education (a) how can detection of vape devices in schools be improved more effectively; (b) how will nicotine test kits be implemented in schools; (c) how can a "peer vigilance culture" be designed as being supportive rather than seen negatively by students; and (d) how can students who have been identified as vape users be better supported.
Mr Desmond Lee527 words
[+23 sentences]My response will address questions raised by Ms Rachel Ong and Mr Sharael Taha on the management of vaping in schools and Institutes of Higher Learning (IHLs). I will also respond to questions from Ms Lee Hui Ying and Ms Valerie Lee who have filed oral Parliamentary Questions for subsequent Sittings. Our schools and IHLs use a variety of strategies to detect vaping on campus, rather than relying solely on technological solutions, like vape detectors. They have implemented detection protocols, including guidelines to recognise potential signs of etomidate abuse, and coordination with Health Sciences Authority (HSA) for swift testing of vapes suspected of containing etomidate. In addition, when schools suspect students of vaping, they will interview the students and may use nicotine test kits after notifying parents. As part of educative efforts, schools and IHLs also focus on building positive peer support networks through student-led initiatives. These foster healthy lifestyles and encourage peers to seek help from trusted adults and healthcare professionals when needed. From 1 September 2025, the Ministry of Education (MOE) has implemented baseline disciplinary measures in schools, including detention, suspension and caning for boys, alongside conduct grade adjustments. IHLs have also implemented stricter disciplinary measures, such as eviction from hostels; withdrawal of privileges, such as leadership opportunities and overseas exchanges; community service orders and fines. Recalcitrant offenders will be suspended or expelled. Schools and IHLs take disciplinary action proportionate to the severity of the offence. Beyond disciplinary measures, schools and IHLs focus on guiding students to understand why their behaviour is wrong and help them take ownership of the problem. Rehabilitation is not a linear process and we seek to support students in their journey to quit vaping. Students who voluntarily seek help to quit vaping will not face disciplinary measures by schools or IHLs. To help students quit vaping, schools and IHLs offer counselling through in-house counsellors and referrals to external services, including the Health Promotion Board's (HPB's) QuitLine, National Addictions Management Services, WE CARE Community Services and Singapore Anti-Narcotics Association. For students arrested for vaping offences, schools and IHLs work with their families as well as with community partners and other Government agencies to support their rehabilitation and prevent recidivism. MOE and HPB work together to support schools and IHLs with additional resources to support staff in understanding vaping and what they can do to prevent students from vaping. For example, HPB has developed an online training module for staff to learn about smoking and vaping cessation. Besides detecting and managing vaping offences, MOE's holistic approach, includes prevention, detection and support across multiple touchpoints. Anti-vaping education is embedded in school curricula, including science, physical education and character and citizenship education, with regular assembly talks and targeted educational packages. Schools engage parents through joint HPB-HSA advisories via Parents Gateway every semester and IHLs have mandatory orientation modules and targeted outreach programmes, such as to residents in university hostels. Our framework balances firm consequences on the one hand, with sustained support, family engagement and coordinated follow-up on the other hand, to achieve both school safety and student recovery goals. We want to provide students who make mistakes a clear pathway to rehabilitation and restoration.
Impact of Rise of AI on Gender Employment Gap›Written Answers to Questions for Oral Answer Not Answered by End of Question Time2 turns · 787w
· 0 highlighted
written-answer-na-19880
Mr Patrick Tay Teck Guan46 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Minister for Manpower what measures are being taken to address the impact of the rise of artificial intelligence (AI) on the gender employment gap given that women's jobs are at disproportionately higher risk of being replaced by AI as compared to their male counterparts.
Dr Tan See Leng741 words
[+27 sentences]Mr Patrick Tay and Mr Andre Low have filed three Parliamentary Questions relating to the impact of artificial intelligence (AI) on the workforce. This reply will address these related questions together. As a small and labour-constrained economy, AI presents opportunities for us to overcome our limitations to grow our economy and improve livelihoods. While we cannot fully predict the scope and scale of AI's impact on the workforce, the Government is taking active steps to shape it positively, to create better jobs and a more productive labour force. The National AI Strategy 2.0 has hence set out Singapore's ambition and commitment to harness the potential of AI by expanding the pool of AI creators and practitioners and uplifting the AI capabilities of the workforce. To ensure that AI adoption leads to good jobs for Singaporeans, we need businesses to couple AI adoption with investments in their workforce. Today, companies can tap on initiatives, such as the Productivity Solutions Grant, SMEs Go Digital and the newly introduced Enterprise Compute Initiative to adopt AI transformation, ranging from off-the-shelf to tailored solutions. In tandem with support for AI adoption, the Government also set aside over $400 million for the Enterprise Workforce Transformation Package to provide greater support for companies to embark on workforce transformation, including job redesign efforts. In addition, we have set aside around $200 million for the National Trades Union Congress (NTUC) Company Training Committee Grant to help companies enhance business capabilities in tandem with worker outcomes. At the same time, we need workers to be proactive and adaptable in upgrading themselves to take on new or redesigned tasks arising from AI adoption. The Government will support Singaporeans to acquire relevant skills through schemes, such as the Career Conversion Programmes and the TechSkills Accelerator, which support workers to transit into roles, such as software and cloud professionals and AI engineers. To prepare young graduates for career success in an AI era, the Government has put in place a mix of upskilling programmes, work-based learning and career guidance initiatives. Under the National AI Strategy 2.0, for example, we are scaling up programmes, like the AI Apprenticeship Programme, to boost our pipeline of young AI practitioners. Beyond the inclusion of AI-related modules within the curriculum at our Institutes of Higher Learning (IHLs) to build up students' digital literacies, we have also been evolving our education system to place a greater focus on soft skills that continue to be important for career success in an AI era. In addition, we have stepped-up support for career planning through IHLs and Workforce Singapore's career guidance efforts, to journey with them in working towards their career goals. In the near term, we have introduced the GRaduate Industry Traineeships (GRIT) Programme to provide opportunities for young graduates to gain work experience that companies may put a greater premium on. These efforts are part of a holistic suite of support for young graduates so that they can start their careers on a good footing. As for AI's impact on the gender employment gap, we have yet to see evidence supporting the hypothesis that AI will disproportionately affect female employment in Singapore. Female employment outcomes have continued to improve over the past decade amid the progress of AI and other digital technologies. Since 2014, the gap in employment rate between male and female aged 25 to 64 has narrowed from 18.8 percentage points to 10.5 percentage points in 2024. The unadjusted gender pay gap1 has also narrowed from 16.3% in 2018 to 14.3% in 2023. When we compare men and women with similar characteristics in age, education, occupation, industry, and usual hours worked, the adjusted gender pay gap in 2023 is lower at 6.0%. These outcomes have been supported by a wide suite of jobs and skills initiatives that the Government has offered to boost women's employment outcomes. In particular, Workforce Singapore's HerCareer initiative is a focused effort to support women with employment facilitation programmes and services so that they can better access good jobs and build up relevant skillsets. In addition, flexible work arrangements are a key enabler to support women to work. In this regard, the Government and tripartite partners have launched the Tripartite Guidelines on Flexible Work Arrangement Requests, which took effect on 1 December last year. The Government will continue to study the impact of AI on our workforce and consider ways to help businesses and workers seize new opportunities arising from AI while ensuring inclusive growth.
Considerations for Singapore’s Position on Cross-Border Ride-Hailing›Written Answers to Questions for Oral Answer Not Answered by End of Question Time2 turns · 315w
· 0 highlighted
written-answer-na-19898
Mr Edward Chia Bing Hui42 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Acting Minister for Transport (a) what are the key considerations that will guide Singapore's position on cross-border ride-hailing; and (b) how does the Ministry intend to balance user convenience with safeguards to protect the livelihoods of local private hire drivers.
Mr Jeffrey Siow273 words
[+11 sentences]Since July 2025, the Land Transport Authority (LTA) has stepped up enforcement against unlicensed foreign vehicles providing point-to-point (P2P) services within Singapore, in response to feedback and information provided by the National Taxi Association (NTA), the National Private Hire Vehicles Association (NPHVA) and members of the public. Over 70 vehicles have been caught since then. This is to safeguard commuter safety and protect the livelihoods of licensed local drivers. Illegal services lack valid insurance coverage and use drivers without proper licenses, which can have serious consequences for passengers in an accident. As announced by the Platform Workers Trilateral Group, the Government will continue to enforce against illegal P2P rides, by increasing penalties to strengthen deterrence and pushing for the removal of apps, channels and advertisements facilitating such services. At the same time, we recognise there is significant unmet demand for more convenient P2P services, for both leisure and business travel. We are in discussions with the Malaysian authorities to enhance the Cross-Border Taxi Scheme, as well as to develop new options to accommodate large families with young children, the elderly and less mobile, and corporate customers. Meanwhile, ComfortDelGro and Strides Premier will accept phone and online form bookings, respectively, for their taxis licensed under the existing Cross-Border Taxi Scheme, for doorstep pick-ups for local commuters; and will provide more earning opportunities for drivers. As discussions progress, we will continue to engage NTA and NPHVA. We need safeguards in place for our drivers while we strive to meet commuters' needs. Based on their feedback, we are exploring using location tracking, including electronic road pricing 2.0, to prevent illegal trips by cross-border taxis within Singapore.
Employment Outcomes for Unemployed Individuals who Utilised SkillsFuture Credit, SkillsFuture Career Transition and SkillsFuture Level-Up Programmes›Written Answers to Questions for Oral Answer Not Answered by End of Question Time2 turns · 87w
· 0 highlighted
written-answer-na-19899
Dr Charlene Chen57 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Minister for Education (a) what are the employment outcomes for unemployed individuals who have utilised SkillsFuture credit, the SkillsFuture Career Transition Programme, and the SkillsFuture Level-Up Programme; (b) which segments of jobseekers have seen lower success rates; and (c) how does the Ministry plan to narrow the gap between skills upgrading and actual job placements.
Mr Desmond Lee30 words
[+1 sentence]The Ministry of Education will provide an oral reply to this Parliamentary Question (PQ), together with other questions which have been filed on this topic, at the next available opportunity.
Take-up Rate and Assessed Outcomes for Household Services Scheme›Written Answers to Questions for Oral Answer Not Answered by End of Question Time2 turns · 362w
· 0 highlighted
written-answer-na-19900
Mr Shawn Loh60 words
[+1 sentence]asked the Minister for Manpower (a) whether the Ministry has assessed outcomes of the Household Services Scheme, including take-up rate, affordability of pricing, ease of use and sufficiency, to meet market demand; and (b) whether the Ministry has considered allowing part-time participation of the Household Services Scheme by migrant domestic workers to increase labour supply without increasing migrant worker numbers.
Dr Tan See Leng302 words
[+12 sentences]The Household Services Scheme (HSS) allows companies to hire migrant workers to provide part-time domestic services, such as home cleaning, grocery shopping, car-washing and pet-sitting. Since formalising HSS as a permanent scheme in 2021, the number of HSS companies increased from around 80 to 240 today. Based on surveys, the number of households served by HSS companies have also increased steadily. The Ministry of Manpower supports companies offering HSS services through quota and source country concessions for migrant workers and the companies determine the prices of their services based on market demand and types of services provided. HSS companies benefit from additional work permit quota above the prevailing Dependency Ratio Ceiling for the services sector. As there has been a steady growth of HSS companies over the past years, there is sufficient choice for consumers and no impetus currently to consider Government interventions on the prices of such services. We recognise the manpower benefits of foreign workers working for multiple households for greater efficiencies. Hence, we support schemes, such as HSS, as well as the Shared Stay-in Senior Care Services Sandbox, which allows workers to be deployed across households with additional foreign worker quota and source relaxations. Under such schemes, workers only have one employer, for clear accountability over the worker's welfare. This better safeguards the interests of both workers and employers. For example, if migrant domestic workers are allowed to concurrently work for HSS companies and sustain an injury, it would be hard to determine the proportion of liability to be borne between multiple employers. Furthermore, once we allow migrant workers to work for multiple employers, it will be difficult to prevent them from moonlighting illegally, which will undermine the integrity of the work pass framework and affect business prospects of law-abiding companies as well as our local workers' employment outcomes.
[+2 sentences]. (proc text)] [(proc text) 'We, the Parliament of the Republic of Singapore, express our thanks to the President for the Speech which he delivered on behalf of the Government at the Opening of the First Session of this Parliament.'." – (proc text)]
Mr Speaker3 words
[+1 sentence]Ms Cassandra Lee.
Ms Cassandra Lee (West Coast-Jurong West)2698 words
[+48 sentences]Mr Speaker, I rise in support of the Motion of Thanks for the President’s Address. I seek your guidance as I embark on my journey as a Parliamentarian. Mr Speaker, in the President’s address, the President spoke about Singapore’s remarkable journey from an improbable beginning to a thriving nation, built by the selfless sacrifice, resolve and perseverance of those before us. As the youngest elected Member, I carry two duties today: to honour the foundations we inherited and to help build the next bound for my generation so that the Singapore story continues. In my view, the biggest task Singapore faces today is what I call the "Singapore Puzzle": how do we compete in this changing world, without losing ourselves? To hold together what seems to pull apart – racing fast while moving as one, reaching for the stars while catching those who fall. The global tide is shifting, currents are turning fast. As we chart our course through stormy seas, we need an anchor. The President and the Prime Minister have called for a "we first" society. I agree. This is critical. It will decide whether we succeed in solving this Puzzle. And how we go about it. And first, we must first know who “we” are. At its heart lies the family – the puzzle piece that anchors us with its web of relationships and gives us a sense of identity. If this piece weakens, so too will every other piece. Our local workforce will decline, our national security will weaken, our communities will thin without intergenerational bonds, and our sense of “home” and national identity will erode. A "we first" Society cannot endure unless we first know who “we” are. Families give meaning to that “we”. Young parents today are stretched – striving to build their careers, but strained by caregiving responsibilities, costs and the unpredictability of early childhood. The pressure is real. But so too is our ability to ease it. The Government saw the challenge and acted. That is something to be proud of. And this is just the beginning. This is perhaps the best time in Singapore to start and raise a family – because this Government is listening, learning and determined to act. I will play my part to speak on policies that strengthen families, so that the Family Puzzle piece can maintain its place in the heart of the Singapore Puzzle. Over the years, the Family Puzzle piece has changed its shape. It no longer fits as before. Working parents face a widening care gap. Technology has rewritten the playbook on raising children. Our seniors seek connections in this fast-changing world. If the pieces do not align, the picture will reveal its fault lines. Mr Speaker, in my speech today, I will focus on the care gap facing working parents. But the other corners of this puzzle piece are no less important. First, on the care gap. Many in my generation are young parents or parents-to-be. We grew up in a Singapore that was prosperous and stable. We have been given opportunities our parents could only dream of. We take pride that Singapore consistently punches above its weight internationally. We see no need to compromise. The world is racing ahead, and so must we. We must move quickly to find our niche in a contested and fragmented global market and adapt our people for new technologies, like artificial intelligence (AI). We must stay competitive and hungry. But at home, we are stretched – caring for young children, ageing parents and coping with rising costs of living. We are ambitious, but often exhausted. Many still aspire to marriage and parenthood. But the reality of raising a child in today’s Singapore weighs heavily on young parents. Four in 10 cite stress as a main reason for not wanting children.[+11 sentences] Young parents today want to be present for their child. Many prefer not to rely on a domestic helper or on the help of grandparents. Others do not have the benefit of these options. This means that young parents are often saddled with heavy caregiving responsibilities. The problem is exacerbated by the increase in dual income families. Young working parents find themselves constantly juggling. Juggling careers with the unpredictability of childcare and childhood illnesses, the unspoken shame of pumping at work or leaving office in the evening for school pick-ups, the unseen second shift of housework and childcare after work. There are expectations at work, if parents want to be seen as equal next to their non-parent colleagues. Especially in a competitive job market like ours. Especially in a time of economic change where, as the President noted in his address, workers need to adapt and evolve to stay relevant. Especially in a generation like ours today, where the number of non-parent employees is increasing and parents start to feel more like outsiders, pushed into the periphery. Indeed, the Family Trends Report 2025 reported a decrease in the take-up of Government-Paid Maternity Leave by mothers, from 79% in 2019 to 74% in 2023. More than one in four mothers do not take more than two months of maternity leave.[+3 sentences] Do our working mothers feel the need to expedite their return to the workplace, or suffer the consequences? Another example which is a common experience for most parents: hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) outbreaks happen frequently in preschools. Children can catch it more than once. And when infected, they must be brought home and looked after. But each parent has only six days of childcare leave a year. A single bout of HFMD for a single child can wipe out almost all of it.[+10 sentences] Add to this preschool closures and other childhood illnesses, coupled with the pressures and insecurities of work and rising costs, and it is easy to see how the early years can become overwhelming. There is also the omnipresent pressure to live up to society’s ideal of a “good” parent – pouring immense time, energy and resources into securing a child’s future. With technology, AI and rising expectations, that pressure has only grown. The early years are difficult. And unlike past generations, ours has more choices. Parenthood is no longer the default – there are other options, some of which feel more urgent and important, others feel more comfortable. Do we perceive family as an ideal that looks good on paper, but not a realistic goal or an attractive experience? Mr Speaker, I am concerned. I am concerned that these sentiments are spreading. The desire to marry is slowly falling across the years. Seven in 10 of our youths feel that it is not necessary to get married or have children in a marriage.[+3 sentences] These sentiments have crystallised into reality. Our TFR is at its lowest. This is reshaping our society. It affects policy planning in areas like education, housing, health, even national security.[+16 sentences] But perhaps most critically, it will affect our identity as a nation. What can we do to arrest this trend? We can further strengthen the bridge between work and caregiving. Singaporeans have consistently told us that career and raising a family are equally important to them. Let us not make them choose between work and family. Let us empower them to thrive in both. We have made tremendous progress in this area, especially in the last few years. These policy changes will need time to make an impact, and in the meantime, we must continue the progress. Mr Speaker, I make some suggestions on how we can further strengthen the bridge between work and caregiving for working parents. But before I do so, I want to acknowledge that these suggestions cost money and can exacerbate manpower challenges. Our employers are still adjusting to the new parental leave regime and face an uncertain global market. We do not want to introduce these suggestions at the expense of our businesses. We need mindset shifts from both employers and employees to make the following suggestions work in a mutually beneficial way, and in a way that will last in the long term, and in a way that will not be abused. And there is something in it for employers too. In today’s competition for talent, family-friendly human resources (HR) policies build trust, retain top talent, and save employers the hidden cost of good people walking away. Dual income families are contributing to our economy, and I believe our young working parents want to be able to do right by their children and by their employers. I suggest that as we help companies leverage on technology and AI to improve productivity and stay relevant in the new market, we keep the following suggestions in mind. We can restructure childcare leave to increase incrementally with each child. We can make flexible work arrangements genuinely accessible for both mothers and fathers. We can provide contingencies for common childhood illnesses, with sick bays and medical support where the children are.[+49 sentences] We can strengthen workplace culture and HR practices so that young parents are supported to thrive both at work and at home. And we can reshape how society and workplaces see parenthood and families – by bringing to light not just its challenges, but the deep joys and meaning it brings. Bridging the care gap will take a whole-of-Government and whole-of-society approach, all of us rowing in the same direction. Second, let us do more to equip parents with raising a child in this brave new digital world. Technology is pervasive in all areas of our lives and, by extension, our children's lives. As far as child-raising goes, with grandparents stepping back, Google, TikTok, ChatGPT, YouTube and Instagram have stepped in. But the Internet is no wise elder and viral content often outruns accurate advice. We must help young parents with what they need to make the best decisions for their children – from food choices to schooling, healthy sleeping practices and well-being. In this way, we not only ease their burdens, but give every child the strongest start in life. With the right support, parents can spend less time firefighting and more time strengthening the bonds that matter, with their children and with their own parents. That brings me to my third point, connecting with seniors. More seniors are living alone. The number has doubled in the last 10 years. Where do seniors belong in our Singapore Puzzle amidst all these fast-paced economic and social changes? We must not only provide for our seniors physically. We must not forget to connect with them emotionally. Empowering seniors to find their second lease of life will also ease the load on their children as they balance work and caregiving. We can bring together Active Ageing Centres and schools – seniors reading to children, youths teaching digital skills to seniors, youths inventing interactive games to train seniors' agility and memory, and seniors passing on life lessons that cannot be found in textbooks, lessons especially important in this age of AI. We can also create opportunities for inter-generational sports. Pickleball, I understand, is popular across ages. In closing, we are at a crossroads. What the Singapore Puzzle will look like at SG100 depends most of all on today's young parents and those deciding whether or not to be parents. The suggestions raised will come at a cost. We must decide whether it is worth the cost. We, as a society, must ask ourselves: do we want to have children? What does it take for us to build families and have children? Families are not just a private choice. They are a public good. They shape the strength of our workforce, the resilience of our national defence, the cohesion of our communities and the depth of our national identity. If we want Singapore at SG100 to remain cohesive and stay ours, we must start now to secure the foundation. Let Singapore be a place where our children grow up with roots to ground them and wings to let them soar. We must solve the Singapore Puzzle together and shape the next bound of Singapore not as bystanders, but as builders of our common future. In Mandarin. (In Mandarin): Mr Speaker, in my view, the greatest challenge Singapore faces today is what I call the "Singapore Puzzle". How do we compete in this changing world whilst walking hand in hand with our people; how to reach for the stars and chase dreams without forgetting to help the vulnerable? To solve this puzzle, we must first secure the puzzle piece that is the "family". Once the family puzzle piece loosens, all other pieces will inevitably shift out of place. The "we first" that the President and Prime Minister speak of, has family at its core. New parents today face tremendous pressure, having to care for both young and old at home whilst striving to keep up with the increasingly competitive workplace. They harbour big dreams yet often find themselves exhausted. But our generation has more choices. Marriage and parenthood are no longer seen as necessary or default. All the more so when we look at friends who have become parents – exhausted, constantly on the run, barely catching a breath. Just watching them can make one dizzy. Some begin to think it is better to enjoy some peace and quiet. Life is already busy enough without children. Seeing such pressures, many family and friends advise: one child is enough, or even no children is okay! Gradually, more people choose to have fewer children, or none at all. I hope we can work together to lighten the burden for young parents. The Government has already taken swift action in recent years, launching a series of policies to support young parents in starting families.[+1 sentence] This is just the beginning. Perhaps we are now at a stage in Singapore where there is more support than ever before for families to take root, grow, and raise the next generation because our Government is listening, learning and firmly committed to taking real action.[+2 sentences] I will champion policies to strengthen families so that families find their right place in the "Singapore Puzzle". I propose that Parliament explore several initiatives. First, supporting young parents in finding better balance between career and childcare, such as allowing parental leave to increase progressively with the number of children, supporting flexible work arrangements for young parents, exploring how childcare centres can provide responses to common childhood ailments, and fostering truly pro-family corporate and workplace cultures. Second, supporting parents in guiding their children to grow up healthily in the digital and technological age. Third, supporting seniors in truly enjoying fulfilling lives with good physical and mental health, whilst also reducing caregiving responsibilities for their children.[+8 sentences] But most importantly, we must engage young Singaporeans to work with the Government, to put our heads and hearts together, work hard side by side and piece together a Singapore Puzzle that belongs to us. We must confront this reality and seriously ask ourselves: what kind of Singapore society do we hope to see at SG100? Will it be one with smaller families, fewer people, and shrinking workforce; where elders and younger generations grow distant and the sense of “home" and national identity slowly fades away? Or will it be one where home endures, people remain, where young parents can work with peace of mind and raise their children with joy, where the bonds and responsibilities of family are firmly held and passed on, allowing our familiar Singapore culture and stories to be carried forward, generation after generation, continuing the legacy left to us by our forefathers? The ones who understand this situation best are our younger generation – those who face these pressures every day. I hope that our young Singaporeans will take part in completing this Singapore Puzzle together. If the younger generation remain un-involved, allowing society to drift away from their ideals and aspirations, then, amid the many alluring choices before us, I cannot be sure that our people will still choose to call Singapore their home. I sincerely invite our youths to join me in shaping our nation's future, to share your hopes and constructive ideas for Singapore, and to make this choice together: to choose Singapore.
Mr Speaker3 words
[+1 sentence]Dr Hamid Razak.
Dr Hamid Razak (West Coast-Jurong West)1719 words
[+24 sentences]Mr Speaker, Sir, in Malay, please. : Mr Speaker and hon Members of Parliament (MPs). I am honoured for this opportunity to deliver my maiden speech in Parliament in our national language. Today, I will touch on the issue of mental health and the steps we can take as a society to play our part in caring for and helping one another. In our efforts to care for the mental health of the Malay/Muslim community in Singapore, we need to acknowledge traditional beliefs, integrate modern practices and create inclusive discussions so that every individual receives support without going against their religious and cultural values. However, the issue of stigma and misconceptions about mental illness still exists despite various efforts that have been undertaken to change public mindset. One important step to reduce this stigma is encouraging open conversations and providing integrated mental health services that are easily accessible. When we discuss with open minds, support one another and respect religious and cultural backgrounds, we will certainly be able to strengthen the mental health of our entire community. I will elaborate further on how we can work together as a society to improve mental health in my English speech later. : Mr Speaker, in Tamil, please. (In Tamil): Those shall long live who have mastered the five senses and who stand true to righteousness. This is the sixth couplet of the Thirukkural. The meaning of this verse is, it is important to lead a righteous life through the abstinence of harmful desires that the body, the mouth, the eyes, the nose and the ears seeks. Those who do so will lead a long life, proclaimed Thiruvalluvar. In order for humans to control these five bodily senses, it is not only important to have physical strength; it is essential for one to have good mental health too. Hence, to live a long and fulfilling life, mental health is of utmost importance. Today, mental health is of equal importance to physical health. However, in our Indian community, some are shy in talking about mental health and mental illnesses. At times, it is considered a stigma too. In time to come, this may lead to a difficult situation. Depression, anxiety, loneliness – these are silent ailments. As mental illness is hidden from the outside and the intensity of it increases day after day, it could even take away one's life. Therefore, as a united community, what we have to do is very clear. First, we have to come to a realisation that this is a real problem that we have in our society and take it face to face. Next, is to look after one another; our families and friends, and support them. Third, if need be, one should not hesitate to approach doctors, counsellors or seek social resources. To ask about mental health; and to seek help for it; this is not a weakness – but this is the strength. No one needs to carry the burden of their mental illnesses alone.[+13 sentences] This is a burden that we could all come together and carry as a society. : Mr Speaker, Sir, I rise in support of the Motion and do so with gratitude to the residents of the West Coast-Jurong West group representation constituency (GRC), especially those in Jurong Spring and Gek Poh, who have given me the honour of serving them and to my colleagues and mentors who have guided me on this journey. The President in his address has urged us to make Singapore a place where every citizen can have a joyful and fulfilling life as they age. Joy, however, is not simply the ticking off of years on a calendar. Joy to someone could be seeing their grandchild take their first steps to a parent whose joy is seeing their children smiling and reading. The joy could be within the community when volunteers see someone get up from a fallen position. Joy is a quiet expression at times. To be joyful, health is important. Physical health is important. But mental health? It is indispensable. Without mental well-being, colours fade and the world's beauty becomes harder to see, even for the most positive of people. How long we live really depends on how well our mind can function. In this country, we are in the midst of re-working how health is understood and delivered. Health is often described as complete physical, mental and social well-being, and not merely the absence of disease. I must say much progress has been made in the frameworks where we promote physical health, as seen in the launch and the take-up of Healthier SG.[+1 sentence] Mental health also has rightly received attention in recent years. For example, we launched the National Mental Health and Well-being Strategy in 2023. With that, we aim to create an effective mental health ecosystem with accessible, high-quality clinical care and a supportive community.[+12 sentences] Yet, while our frameworks for physical illness are clear, mental health often presents hidden challenges. Let me explain further. Through Healthier SG, we screen widely for hypertension, high cholesterol and diabetes. A simple blood pressure machine, you slap on a cuff, you see a reading above 150, you know that is a trigger for action, right? You would see a doctor to assess it further. Even if it is white-coat hypertension, it is just a sort of guide, you get anxious when you seek medical attention. Similarly, you prick your finger and you see a glucose reading that is more than 15, you panic, and you see a doctor. But mental health, Members of the House, this is different. A person with early anxiety, with early depression or, perhaps, with a hoarding disorder, may not even realise that they have a problem. Let me share a story from Jurong Spring that has stayed with me. Not long ago, a resident noticed a food parcel hanging outside her neighbour's door for three days untouched, so she reached out to me, deeply worried for her neighbour. So, with community partners and our agencies, we entered the unit and found not just an empty flat, but one filled wall-to-wall with decades of hoarded items, leaving only a narrow strip of path for me and my volunteers to walk. The only items, the only items that seemed sensible were a line of bottles: pepper, a bottle of salt, condiments and cooking oil, lined up side-to-side in the kitchen cabinet as if the resident had to hold on to some sort of order in her life. This elderly resident, I came to realise, had a long history of anxiety and a hoarding disorder and the only reason we were able to enter the home to see this state of affairs was because she was hospitalised and had not picked up the Meals-On-Wheels distribution that was hanging on her door for three days.[+8 sentences] This story illustrates why mental health is different. It is not just the individual that suffers. Symptoms often are subtle, often noticed by family, friends or neighbours, and sometimes too late. Families are left helpless, not knowing where to turn. Neighbours live in fear or discomfort. Entire communities feel the strain. Volunteers, grassroots leaders and social workers often become the first responders, and they too carry an emotional weight when doing so. So, Members of this House, unlike hypertension or diabetes or high cholesterol, where objective markers drive treatment, mental health conditions lack such clear triggers for action. If left unaddressed, they harm not just the individual but also create what I call "second victims" and we cannot allow that to happen. We must bring mental health treatment and screening upstream, just as we have done with chronic diseases. First, we can consider integrating mental health screening into a wider community health framework just like what we have done with Healthier SG.[+5 sentences] Just as we screen for hypertension after we are 40, we can use simple, validated point-of-fact questionnaires to pick up early depression or anxiety. In fact, today, Members and I, we could go Healthhub.sg and just answer nine simple questions from the Patient Health Questionnaire to see whether we have early depression or anxiety. We could go to mindline.sg, interact with the chatbot to see how our mental well-being is like. But some in our community need that additional nudge. They need some for barriers to be removed before they can take action. Second, just like how we do so in matters in the municipal, we should consider adopting a "no wrong door policy" when it comes to mental health disorders.[+4 sentences] Often, mental health issues are multi-faceted and require multi-agency coordination and intervention. We already today have Community Outreach Teams (CREST), social service agencies and volunteer networks doing great work. A coordinated platform in our community would ensure that anyone knocking on the door will receive timely help and guidance. Third, we should nurture safe community spaces where residents and neighbours can share concerns and know that timely help will be available for those showing signs of distress. This can eventually evolve into an ecosystem of trust that can sustain itself. And finally, I am aware that such interventions do take a toll on manpower and cause volunteer fatigue so we should test these out in a phased and sandboxed approach, refining them with partners before we can scale nationwide.[+10 sentences] Just as hypertension, high cholesterol and diabetes can debilitate, we must understand that so too can mental health conditions and often more insidiously. All of us want to remain healthy in our homes, not end up in hospitals. A life lost because of a missed diagnosis or untreated mental health disorder is one life too many. Mr Speaker, Sir, I would like to recall an adage from the medical profession which prescribes: to cure sometimes, to treat often, but to comfort – always. Our aim should be not just to prevent illness, but to preserve dignity and to restore hope. Mental health, we know, is pervasive. Like the wind, we may not see it – but we feel its effect in the homes, in the blocks and the communities that we serve in. Now, before we know it, a gentle breeze may become a storm. We need to own this problem before the problem owns us. Mr Speaker, Sir, I support the Motion.
Mr Speaker4 words
[+1 sentence]Assoc Prof Jamus Lim.
Assoc Prof Jamus Jerome Lim (Sengkang)2861 words
In 2024, Singapore's per capita income reached $100,000.[+29 sentences] This is among the highest in the world and greater than most advanced industrialised economies. That we were able to attain the standard of living in the relatively brief span of 60 years since our Independence is a testament to just how far we have come in terms of income and wealth. Yet in spite of these undeniably impressive achievements, many Singaporeans still express a sense of frustration at their lot, hold perceptions that their world-beating incomes remain inadequate and argue that they are struggling to make ends meet. What gives? We can choose to believe that Singaporeans are simply too sheltered, too pampered, too ungrateful to recognise the good thing that they have going on. But as policy-makers, we must surely take such feedback in good faith and seek to understand why so many households feel this way but somehow have been unable to adequately express why. In the speech, I will expound on why I think many Singaporeans indeed feel this way. My explanation has to do with different notions of what it means to live, survive and thrive in a society where policy-making is still largely made on the basis of efficiency. This stands in contrast to other notions of justice that many hold dear, such as whether something is equitable or if it is fair. Imagine, if you will, that if you had to cut the cake, if it helps, you can think of my daughter's favourite, like forest cake. For those of us that are unfamiliar with this make, it has parts that are composed of chocolate, cream and cherries. It is also rather delicious. Say, I am interested in splitting the cake between my daughter, who loves chocolate, but would not typically touch cherries or cream; and my wife, who prefers cherries and cream more, you could say that an efficient splitting of this cake involves carving out the chocolate bits for my kid and leaving the parts with cherries and cream for my better half. It is efficient because we gave each one what they value more, and as wisdom tells us, "happy wife, happy life". But it is clearly unequal. This may not be a big deal. After all, both my wife and daughter are happier than they would otherwise be were you to propose a swap. There is not any envy. If we were deciding public policy along these lines, one could make a compelling argument that this is a very fair division. However, if I was splitting the cake between my daughter and myself, things would be rather different. See, I happen to like chocolate, too. So, even if you gave me more cherries and cream, I would still find the split unfair. For me, then, it would be better to cut the cake exactly in half, say, so that we will have equal shares of chocolate that we both like. This equitable distribution would, perhaps, be another sound principle for public policy, but it would not strike my daughter as very fair. Setting aside how in reality I will probably end up giving my share of the cake to my daughter anyway. This simple thought experiment illustrates how we cannot simply think about public policy in terms of just one idealised principle. The Government may value efficiency, for instance, but society may actually prefer one that is more equitable or perhaps one that they may perceive as fairer. Let me offer some examples of how efficient public policy may inadvertently turn out to be unequal or unfair. I am an educator, so let me begin with schools. Presently, the Ministry of Education (MOE) channels about $4.6 billion towards salaries for teachers and other education professionals, and another $3.8 billion in capital injections for educational institutions. Taken together, the spending on labour and capital for schools amounts to about three-fifths of the total education budget.[+12 sentences] Excluding appropriations for certain specialised programmes, such as the Independent Schools Programme, the Special Assistance Plan or Special Education Schools Programme, these are typically distributed according to the general principle of equality. Each school receives resources proportional to their needs. To be clear, this does not mean that schools receive exactly equal budgets. If a school enrols more students or requires or offers additional programmes, such as language elective programmes, it will naturally receive funding that exceeds the baseline. Still, the approach is to slice the educational pie in a manner that treats every student essentially as equal. Is this fair, however? Allocating a proportional amount to each school fails to account for how, in reality, students in different schools have access to different amounts of resources. Our so-called neighbourhood schools are predominantly comprised of students from their nearby housing estates and are mostly middle-class. In contrast, many who attend a so-called brand name school hail from the wealthiest tier of households. Furthermore, schools in the latter category, by dint of their longer history and more successful alumni base, can easily raise additional funds through donation drives. The de facto resources that each student in Raffles or Anglo-Chinse School or Saint Nicholas is clearly more than that available to students in Compassvale or Outram or North Vista. Here, what is equal does not seem fair. If we genuinely wish to have true equality, we would disproportionately support the weaker schools.[+3 sentences] This could be simply by sending relatively more funding their way or reducing what top schools receive. Or we could ensure that the best graduates in each teaching cohort spend significant time in such schools and tie their career advancement to how well they have raised the standards there. A similar choice exists in transport policy. Singapore allocates its vehicle quarters using a Certificate of Entitlement (COE) system, which is expected to bring in $6.6 billion this year alone.[+17 sentences] I have spoken more about this in the Adjournment Motion, but for now I will return to my arguments on whether the principles behind the system are fair. COE, like most options, purports to be neutral. So, rather than inferring whether one household or another might deserve a car, quarter auctions ask those interested in owning a car to bid for the right to own one. The COE system takes this a step further by seeking efficiency in this outcome for both buyers and sellers, while ensuring that it raises a comparable amount of revenue for the Government. What is absent from this scenario, however, is whether this efficient allocation is fair in the sense that those who own cars are also those who need it the most. It is tempting to say that there is no way to know for sure who are the ones that are most in need of private transportation. Hence, bidding allows market prices to determine who these might be. After all, those who need a car more are likely to reveal themselves by bidding more. This implicitly assumes that those who bid less do so because their needs are lesser. Simple introspection will reveal that this is a flawed understanding of human behaviour. After all, we will only bid as much as we can afford. Bidding less does not mean that we value something less or need something less. It just means that we do not have enough money. We may well bid more if budget were not a constraint. By abrogating the allocation decision to the market, we therefore are not truly neutral. Rather, we are implicitly accepting how allocations based on market prices, efficient though they may be, are also fair. Again, a little introspection will reveal how incomplete this claim is. Accepting the COE system effectively acquiesces to an unequal outcome, that those who have more resources are able to buy more cars. Yet we already recognise that some groups, the elderly, those with many children, the disabled, do have greater needs that are deserving of more support from society.[+12 sentences] Not only does this resonate more with our Asian values, they are also groups that already explicitly receive support in various Government policy programmes. Most of us can easily, therefore, buy the argument that the needs of these groups for a car are, all else equal, larger than that of a wealthy household purchasing a third car to use on weekends. A fairer system would make private transportation more affordable to them. When it comes to the economy, the most common pair of trade-offs, something I teach my students in their "first principles of economics" class is that, often, one needs to balance efficiency with equity. I will illustrate with three cases. First, consider our existing corporate tax regime. The common refrain we hear in response to calls for us to raise our taxation on companies is that this will discourage investment. Increasing the corporate tax rate would not only be inefficient, since higher investments would typically lead to higher growth. But it may even be counter-productive, since the diminished profit may mean that companies choose to relocate elsewhere, where taxes are lower. Let us set aside the claim that investment need materially be affected by the prevailing tax rate, a matter on which I had spoken about before and concluded that the evidence suggests not much. There is still a separate issue of whether the tax burden on companies versus households is even equitable. It is not possible to perfectly compare the two. Few companies pay the headline corporate tax rate of 17% due to exemptions, loss carry and rebates. But on average, firms are effectively taxed, something to the order of 2% to 4%.[+1 sentence] In contrast, personal income taxes are imposed at the margin and progressively increased according to one's tax bracket. Calculations suggest that, on average, however, households pay around a fifth of their income in taxes.[+3 sentences] Even allowing for errors in these estimates, the tax rate faced by businesses and households are evidently not equal. Admittedly, increases in the corporate tax rate could result in a loss of economic efficiency and performance, but it will be much more equitable since we are evening out the burden that capital bears relative to labour. Second, let us look at our Goods and Services Tax (GST). Like all sales taxes, the system is regressive, since the burden of the currently 9% tax is, on its face, greater for a lower-income household than a higher-income one.[+30 sentences] The Government has sought to make it more progressive by rebating part of the tax in the form of GST vouchers (GSTV). Despite this concession, the GST is likely to remain somewhat regressive, albeit less so than in the absence of vouchers altogether; and especially, if poorer households have a greater propensity to spend out of their incomes. But let us say we believe that even greater progressivity is preferred, relative to the GST cum GSTV arrangement. Then, we may choose to rely, instead, on changes to the marginal tax rate on higher income brackets, because this would be yet more progressive and fairer. Or perhaps, we believe that every individual, rich or poor, should have an equal right to essentials, such as rice, oil and water. In this case, exemptions from a list of such staples becomes justifiable. Thus, when seen from solely the lens of efficiency, a GST may seem like the only credible form of taxes on consumers. But once we can see the values like equality and fairness are just as important, other more inefficient forms of household taxes suddenly become palatable too. Third, think about our carbon tax regime. Like any tax, it introduces inefficiencies. But as anyone who has taken even an introductory class in economics would be aware, this is only the case if we disregard additional costs external to these private actors, but whose consequences are born by everyone else due to climate change. For true equity, such externalities must be accounted for by those who generate carbon, which is why we have a carbon tax. But that is not all. Climate change also brings to bear whether we are doing enough to ensure inter-generational equity. That is because our children and their descendants cannot yet choose the sort of policies that will result in the world that they will eventually inherit, again with a situation where what is efficient is not automatically equitable. Some may argue that there are more efficient ways to have countries bear the cost of their carbon footprint, through a quota system accompanied by a tradeable emissions permit. In theory, this is likely to be more efficient than even a carbon tax, since it will allow those who are best able to mitigate emissions to absorb the cost of doing so. But in practice, this means that richer countries will likely be able to purchase permits from poorer countries to allow them to emit more. Again, this is efficient. But think about what this implies. It suggests that it is right for rich countries to effectively dump their pollution into poor ones, in the name of efficiency. This cannot be remotely fair. As this example show, what is efficient, what is equal, what is fair, differ not just in principle, but also in reality. I could offer further instances of what is perceived as fair and just continues to elude many in Singapore, ranging from residual discrimination in the workplace due to age or sexual orientation to how our system of fines and penalties is felt more acutely by the lower-income than higher-income households; or to how the rich are able to access healthcare services more quickly than the poor. But why should we concern ourselves with such distinctions? Is it just theory? The hard truth is that if we want public policy that society can embrace as fair, efficiency alone simply will not do. We also need to assure our citizens that everyone has an equal chance to succeed in life and that no one is left behind. Most will regard fair equality of opportunity as more appealing and attainable than the single-minded focus on equality of outcomes. Of course, redistribution must still play a role. Despite recent progress, our income inequality remains higher than all but a handful of countries in the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). And the gap in terms of wealth is even more yawning.[+10 sentences] Redistribution is also needed as a counterweight to blood luck, since success owes as much to good fortune as it does to pure merit. Indeed, the two concepts are closely tied. Parents, outcomes, after all, are their children's opportunities. Equality of opportunity should be a means to advance our goals of social justice rather than an end per se. Moreover, if it is not already amply clear, ensuring equal opportunities is not solely about pushing for equal outcomes. This is not only because of the impossibility of sustaining blunt equality of this nature or the corrosive effect that such crude redistribution has on individual incentives to work. It is also because redistribution alone does not address the concentration of power in the economy or offer individuals agency, dignity, meaning and recognition that comes through work. Hence, even with equal opportunities, we also need to remember that we are only as good as the least among us. This means that terms like shared prosperity must be anchored in a very concrete way: that we cannot be satisfied with our economic success, our vaunted world-beating incomes, until the least advantage among us have a fair shot at living a life of dignity. This means that we should be horrified that there are uncles and aunties in our midst, approaching the ninth decade in their lives, who still feel compelled to work just to make ends meet. That there are those who that are disabled or terminally ill yet feel that they are being left behind by a Government that still prioritises self-reliance. That we accept as completely normal for a couple to share a Central Provident Fund (CPF) Basic Retirement Sum (BRS) payout of $930 a month, even though this falls below what we officially use as a threshold to evaluate poverty, at least according to ComCare. In his address to Parliament, President Tharman stressed the importance of chasing, "Not just growth, but inclusive growth, where every Singaporean has the confidence that tomorrow will bring brighter opportunities and a better life." And what would such inclusive growth look like? He later elaborated that we need to "ensure fairer outcomes" and that we must ensure that success is, "by how we support the vulnerable, and how we enable every Singaporean to live with dignity." I agree with the President.[+4 sentences] In my speech, I have explained why, despite our material success, many still feel that the Government policies remain unfair, still view their opportunities as inequitable and still search for justice for the most vulnerable. In this term of Parliament, I hope that we will continue to make progress in helping every Singaporean live dignified lives. It is what so many of the voters in Sengkang, whose confidence, indeed, returned us to this House, yearn for; and one that we, as their elected voices, will continue to fight for. I support the Motion.
Mr Speaker4 words
[+1 sentence]Acting Minister Jeffery Siow.
The Acting Minister for Transport (Mr Jeffrey Siow)146 words
[+3 sentences]Mr Speaker, Sir, Assoc Prof Jamus Lim characterises the COE system as neutral. I think when we had the Adjournment Motion debate, I do not remember us characterising the system as neutral. In fact, I said that the COE system should be seen as part of our overall transport system. In fact, COE revenues go to fund various Government needs, society's needs, in particular, public transport, which everyone can use, and it is to make public transport affordable and extensive. So, it is strange to me that Assoc Prof Lim's notion of equity is to advocate so strongly for people who want to buy a car, to advocate for tilting the system in their favour with subsidies, and he does not support enough the interest of those who cannot own a car, who cannot drive or can only use public transport, which is the Government's priority.
Mr Speaker4 words
[+1 sentence]Assoc Prof Jamus Lim.
Assoc Prof Jamus Jerome Lim179 words
[+2 sentences]I thank the Minister for the clarification. I should emphasise that when I mentioned the term "neutral", I did not mean fiscally neutral. Clearly, the system is not fiscally neutral, but rather, it is about whether the choice to allocate from one group to another, purely on the basis of the price mechanism, was treated as ethically neutral.[+1 sentence] I should also stress – and this was something I raised in my Adjournment Motion as well – that I did not downplay the importance of public transportation. In fact, I explicitly said that I support the idea that in a land-constrained nation, like Singapore, public transportation should become a priority. Yet, I also pointed out that there is a small segment of individuals – I mentioned the disabled, those with additional children as well as those with elderly parents who may be ill – that perhaps would benefit from an ethical position by us, as a society, to recognise that their needs perhaps outweigh those of those purchasing the additional third or fourth car, just because they can afford it.
Mr Speaker4 words
[+1 sentence]Mr Lee Hong Chuang.
Mr Lee Hong Chuang (Jurong East-Bukit Batok)1635 words
[+23 sentences]Mr Speaker, I will deliver my speech in Mandarin. (In Mandarin): Mr Speaker, I support and thank the President for his address. Today is my first time speaking in Parliament and it reminds me of how I felt in 1985 when, as a national gymnast, I represented Singapore for the first time at the Southeast Asian Games. Although 40 years have passed, my feelings then and now remain the same. I have always linked my personal beliefs, sense of mission and the interests of the nation together. I would like to take this opportunity to thank the residents of Jurong East-Bukit Batok GRC, especially those in Hong Kah North, for their trust and support. Singapore has been a nation for 60 years and has experienced many difficulties and challenges. Our economic direction has been adjusted multiple times, yet our gross domestic product (GDP) has steadily grown year by year. This is mainly due to our stable and efficient government, sound systems, and the unity and hard work of our people. Singapore is a country that relies heavily on foreign trade. In a complex international environment, it naturally faces many uncertain risks. But we know that Singapore's development is not only for economic growth, but also for social stability, the well-being of our people and the future of our next generation. Only by working hard together, supporting and encouraging one another amid uncertainty, can Singapore remain resilient. Although our country is small, with a land area of about 735.7 square kilometers, we have made rapid progress in finance, technology, industry and manufacturing. Limited land has not hindered our goals but, instead, driven us to build a high-efficiency, high-value and balanced industrial structure. It is precisely because of this solid foundation that Singapore can remain a strong haven amid storms, giving us protection and confidence. But the question we must ask is this: while the nation shelters us, can our communities and families also be shelters for each other? Can they offer warmth to everyone, regardless of age or background, so that all may feel, "Someone cares about me. Someone is willing to listen to me?" Singapore is known as a "bright little red dot" not just because of its strong economy or good infrastructure, but also because of the unity and compassion of its people. Many Singaporeans volunteer, donate and help those in need through various groups and organisations. This also reminds me of a psychological theory – the hierarchy of needs. It suggests that after meeting physiological and safety needs, people seek higher levels of social connection, esteem and self-actualization. In Singapore, there are over 2,000 registered charities, reflecting the warmth and care within our society.[+2 sentences] In today's rapidly developing era of AI, technology is not only changing business models but also affecting relationships between people. We must ask ourselves: how can we build a loving society in a fast-paced, efficiency-driven environment? We all know that small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) are an irreplaceable force in Singapore's economy and society. They make up 99% of all local businesses and provide around 70% of local jobs. Many of them are family-run businesses passed down through generations.[+8 sentences] They do not just create jobs they preserve our culture and spirit. In recent years, more young people have chosen to give up stable jobs in order to preserve their families' food culture. Take Lin Huiyi, 27 years old, who was once a bodyguard to both our former and current Presidents. Not wanting the flavours of her hometown to be lost, she now runs a Cantonese porridge stall with her parents. She not only preserves traditional tastes but also uses social media to attract younger people, introduces new management styles, and builds a team culture. Despite challenges, her passion and perseverance are admirable. She reminds us that when dreams are rooted in culture and community, they deserve our support, recognition and attention. Enterprises like hers are not just part of our economy they are continuations of our heritage. In terms of policy, how can we offer greater assurance so that these entrepreneurs can work and live with peace of mind, rooted in tradition and community? However, many SMEs face challenges, such as manpower shortages, rising costs, digital transformation, international competition and succession issues.[+4 sentences] Behind the seemingly cold data is a group of hardworking entrepreneurs who support countless families. We must value and protect their efforts so they can continue contributing to the nation and preserving this culture and spirit. Therefore, when we formulate policies, we must not only listen to their voices but also provide concrete assistance. This support is not only for economic growth, but also a social investment. For example: help seniors learn new technologies, especially applications of artificial intelligence; provide industry mentorship programs to guide enterprise modernization; strengthen and simplify financing and market access support; through the Economic Development Board (EDB) and Enterprise Singapore, connect international companies with local SMEs to create more collaborations and opportunities; continue using policy tools to encourage companies to explore overseas markets; encourage cross-community and cross-sector collaboration to build enterprise networks within local communities; and give young people opportunities to engage with successful entrepreneurs, learn from their experiences and values, and carry on their spirit.[+8 sentences] Recently, I have used my spare time to engage with entrepreneurs to discuss the trends of AI, as well as the challenges and opportunities it brings. I encourage them to participate in AI-related events, learn new skills and prepare for the future. These entrepreneurs come from different generations and run all kinds of SMEs. In our conversations, they not only learn from one another, but all agree that AI will become increasingly important. They also hope for more community platforms like this to continue learning, practicing and progressing together. Family is the core of society and the first place where children learn empathy, responsibility, and values. To build a resilient society, we must first support every family. In our communities, we often hear from parents, they work hard while taking care of their children, all in hopes of providing a better life for their families. Encouragingly, more employers in Singapore are recognising this, and many companies have begun offering more flexible work arrangements to help employees balance work and family. I believe we can take further action: encourage more companies to provide flexible work arrangements so parents can spend more time with their children; strengthen family counseling and parenting support services, so those in need can get professional help; and encourage businesses and community organisations to jointly promote "family-friendly programs", treating support for families as a shared responsibility.[+9 sentences] What we are promoting is not just community activities or family policies, but more importantly, a culture of mutual care and concern. A truly strong country is not one without problems, but one where people are willing to help each other and solve problems together in times of difficulty. Therefore, we must place emphasis on building "heartware", not just hardware. What we need to strengthen is trust, empathy and a spirit of community care. This includes mental health and also whether our seniors feel secure, whether our young people are confident about the future, whether our families are supported, and whether our workers, including platform workers, are respected and able to work with dignity. I want to especially mention platform workers. Every day, they work hard delivering food and transporting our loved ones. Their jobs may seem ordinary, but they support the daily lives of many. Platform work also reflects the nature of today's economy: fast-paced, diverse and flexible. With the Government actively pushing for reform, the Platform Workers Act has officially come into effect, marking an important step in protecting their rights. To go further, the Government, the National Trades Union Congress (NTUC) and several major platform companies have joined hands to form a Tripartite Workgroup, showing a strong collective commitment to improving the platform work environment.[+1 sentence] This is very encouraging. However, as the platform economy continues to grow, our policies must also evolve to ensure these workers are not left behind by society.[+17 sentences] True progress depends on whether we can build bridges of trust and understanding between generations, between communities, and between people's dreams and opportunities. Mr Speaker, Singapore's development has never been easy. National harmony and progress are not to be taken for granted. In these 60 years, I will not say we started entirely from zero, but we have gone through many processes from nothing to something. Our pioneers laid every brick and built step by step to establish a stable, prosperous and respected country. This would not have been possible without the hard work of our people. Our nation, our businesses, our families and our people are closely connected. As the saying goes, "When the lips are gone, the teeth feel the cold." This means that if one falls, the others will be affected too. When the nation is stable, businesses thrive; when businesses thrive, families are stable; when families are stable, people can live and work in peace and contribute to the nation. These four elements are the most important pillars of our society. We are building not just a functioning country, but a home where everyone can live in peace, with mutual trust. The nation is our shelter; we must also make our communities shelters for everyone, and make every family its own shelter. Only then can we be more confident, knowing that no matter what happens, we will always have a safe, orderly, warm, and caring community and family to rely on. Today's Singapore is safe, clean and green. Tomorrow's Singapore should also be warm, joyful and fulfilling. Challenges will continue to exist, but as long as we trust and support each other, Singapore will remain a ship that sails steadily even through stormy seas.
Mr Speaker3 words
[+1 sentence]Ms Eileen Chong.
Ms Eileen Chong Pei Shan (Non-Constituency Member)2296 words
[+12 sentences]Thank you, Mr Speaker. In Mandarin, please. (In Mandarin): The President noted how each generation has built on the legacy of those before, embracing change and persevering through crises. He spoke of the need for unity as we navigate turbulent waters. I could not agree more. I would add that true unity does not mean uniformity. It means recognising and embracing that diverse viewpoints strengthen rather than weaken governance. The complex challenges that Singapore faces in an uncertain world do not come with easy solutions. When we welcome different perspectives in policy discussions, when we create space for constructive debate, when we listen to voices that may challenge conventional wisdom, we make better decisions for all Singaporeans. The President spoke about how families are stretched in caring for both young and old, and the Government will strengthen support for caregivers. I agree that we can and should do more to support our caregivers. Yet our policies do not always fully reflect this understanding. Take preschool subsidies for instance, which remain tied to maternal employment status. If a mother works at least 56 hours a month, her child is entitled to higher subsidies. This conveys an indirect message: that mothers who choose to become full-time caregivers will get less support. We should equalise preschool subsidies for all children – regardless of their mother's employment status. Additionally, introducing paid caregiving leave would be another meaningful step to reduce the burden of employees, so they have time to care for elderly parents, older children or children with additional needs.[+26 sentences] We should value unpaid care work as much as paid employment. Families should get equal support regardless of their choice of care arrangements. This is how we truly cultivate a "we first" society. : Mr Speaker, please allow me to continue in English. The President noted how each generation has built on the legacy of those before, embracing change and persevering through crisis. He spoke of the need for unity as we navigate turbulent waters. I could not agree more. I would add that true unity does not mean uniformity. It means recognising and embracing that diverse viewpoints strengthen rather than weaken governance. The complex challenges that Singapore faces in an uncertain world do not come with easy solutions. When we welcome different perspectives in policy discussions, when we create space for constructive debate, when we listen to voices that may challenge conventional wisdom, we make better decisions for all Singaporeans. Mr Speaker, the President spoke of the importance of a strong economy in generating the resources needed to secure Singapore's future and improve lives, of inclusive growth and a society where every citizen shares in our country's prosperity. Yet, even as economic indicators tell us about our productivity and competitiveness, they say little about our well-being, relationships, sense of purpose and belonging. We can and should go further – towards a society where prosperity encompasses not just economic well-being, but also emotional, social and spiritual flourishing. The President spoke about preparing our youth for a future that will be different, helping them secure good jobs and giving them a stronger voice in shaping Singapore. Indeed, our children are growing up in a world that is changing at unprecedented speed. How can they be ready to take on jobs that do not exist, overcome challenges that we cannot imagine and seize opportunities that we have not conceived? I believe many Members in this House who had spoken about how quickly AI is transforming the workplace, especially for entry level positions, will agree that these questions have become all the more urgent. Preparing our youth for the above requires more than just enhancing curricula or revising the Primary School Leaving Examination (PSLE) scoring system. It demands an educational environment that celebrates different forms of intelligence, have many definitions of success, and which values collaboration alongside competition. And perhaps most importantly, in today's world, it demands an emphasis on the cultivation of uniquely human traits and values that enable meaningful work where machines are limited. Yes, we now speak often about the importance of soft skills. Yet assessment drives behaviour. The reality is that success in all of our milestone exams – the PSLE, the "N" and "O" level exams in their current and future form, the "A" levels – remain overwhelmingly defined by individual academic performance measured largely through written papers. We value adaptability in uncertain times, yet our assessment ecosystem mostly rewards those who can perform consistently within familiar formats and timeframes. We value resilience, yet we rarely assess our students for their perseverance through failure. This holistic approach to education becomes even more critical when we consider the well-being challenges that our children already face today. Earlier this year, a CNA Talking Point survey of more than 1,000 secondary school students revealed that 14% of the respondents reported being bullied in 2024, a figure significantly higher than MOE official reports of six bullying incidents per thousand students in the same year.[+20 sentences] This discrepancy suggests that we may not be seeing the full picture of what our children are experiencing in schools today. I commend MOE for embarking on a Comprehensive Action Review on Bullying, but addressing this challenge requires us to go beyond strengthening protocols and safeguards. We must get to the roots of why children hurt other children, both online and offline. Studies show that bullying has a lasting negative impact on mental health and behavioural development, effects that can persist well into adulthood for both those who are bullied and those who bully. They also reveal that children who bully are often children with poor well-being, those who feel unseen or unheard. All of these tell us something about the profound transformation that our education system needs. How do we nurture resilience in our young so they can better deal with stress, adversity and setbacks in an uncertain world? How do we help more parents recognise signs of distress before they manifest as harmful behaviour? How do we create cultures of empathy and support in and outside of schools, so our children are prepared for meaningful lives as contributing members of society? Mr Speaker, I am encouraged by the President's acknowledgement that families are stretched in caring for both young and old. The emphasis on recognising the value in every job resonates strongly with a challenge that I hope we can address more directly. The undervaluation of unpaid care work that forms the backbone of society. This recognition is all the more vital as Singapore becomes a super aged society next year. Many more Singaporeans will find themselves in a sandwich generation of caring for ageing parents while raising children and/or setting aside their careers. We can and should do more to support caregivers. When a parent stays home to care for a child, when an adult child takes leave to care for an ageing parent, when grandparents provide childcare, these are work. Work that creates immense value for families and society, even though it is not typically captured by economic indicators. Yet our policies do not always fully reflect this understanding. Take preschool subsidies, for instance. Even as we endeavour to give every Singaporean child the best start in life by enabling access to quality preschool education, subsidies for infant and childcare remain tied to maternal employment status. Higher subsidies are available to families when mothers work at least 56 hours a month. This creates a troubling message that paid work is inherently more valuable than unpaid care work. We should equalise preschool subsidies for all children, regardless of their mother's employment status.[+2 sentences] Every child deserves the best start in life, and every family deserves support in accessing it, whether the mother works in an office or runs a household, while providing care for other family members. Paid caregiving leave would be another meaningful step forward. Working parents of young children are eligible for two to six days of paid childcare leave a year.[+9 sentences] But many Singaporeans who work and care for elderly parents or have older children with additional needs must tap on their annual leave when urgent caregiving needs arise, leave meant for their own rest and recuperation. I am encouraged that Members on both sides of this House share this concern. Caregivers should not have to choose between caring for their loved ones and taking care of themselves. When we force such choices, we undermine both the caregivers' well-being and the quality of care they can provide. To truly become a "we before me" society, we must do more to recognise and support those who dedicate their lives to caring for others, whether temporarily or permanently. We should value unpaid care work as much as paid employment. Families should get equal support regardless of their choice of care arrangements. Mr Speaker, I wholeheartedly share in the President's aspirations for Singapore to be a place where every citizen leads joyful, fulfilling lives as they age. But more importantly, we should aspire to be a country where every citizen ages successfully with dignity. 2024 MOM figures show that more seniors are staying in the workforce compared to a decade ago. More than a third of our seniors, aged 70 to 74, 35% to be accurate, are still working. For those over 75, the figure stands at nearly 14%.[+18 sentences] Many of our elderly work in our coffee shops, hawker centres and shopping malls as cleaners, servers, security guards, and in other physical roles. Work can indeed be a source of dignity, purpose and social connection, and we should absolutely support those who choose to. However, we must also honestly examine the full spectrum of motivations behind why many of our seniors continue to work well into their seventies. For some, work represents fulfilment and community. For others, it may be primarily driven by economic necessity. These are not mutually exclusive, but we must ask, do all our working seniors have genuine choice? As we celebrate increased lifespans, we must acknowledge that living longer costs more. Healthcare expenses naturally increase with age. Many seniors, including those that I meet in Tampines, face not just the rising cost of living, but also the recurring costs of managing chronic conditions, paying for mobility aids and specialised care. For some, these costs may not be fully covered by their retirement savings or the various subsidies available. As families and households get smaller, more of our seniors also have the additional challenge of navigating ageing without the social support networks that past generations have had. Ageing with dignity means having genuine choices about if and how much to work, and meaningful options for social connection and purpose. It means ensuring that those who do work do so because work contributes to their well-being, and not because it is essential for their survival. As Singapore ages, I hope we will have deeper conversations about what adequate retirement really means, because beyond the economics of ageing lies a fundamental human need for connection, purpose and community. Some may view the above suggestions as costly in an era where we must be physically prudent. I respectfully suggest that these are not costs, but investments. When we support families, we invest in our demographic future. When we prioritise our children's well-being and nurture their resilience over test scores, we invest in a generation that is capable of thriving in uncertainty. When we care for our caregivers, we invest in the social fabric that holds our society together. When we ensure that our elderly can age in place with dignity, we invest in the values that define us as a people. The returns on these investments may not show up directly or immediately in economic figures or productivity metrics, but they will show up in the form of stronger families, more cohesive communities and a society that truly puts we before me.[+6 sentences] Mr Speaker, the President painted a compelling picture of our next chapter. One that is guided by trust, firm in resolve yet open to change, confident yet humble, diverse yet united. This is the Singapore I want to help build. Yet this chapter can only materialise if there is trust. Trust cannot be taken for granted, nor can it be held and maintained by the Government alone. It must be cultivated at every level of society, within families, between neighbours and across generations. Building trust means having difficult conversations about the gaps between our aspirations and realities. It means having the courage to admit that what got us to SG60 may not get us to SG100.[+2 sentences] Building trust means having difficult conversations about the gaps between our dreams and aspirations. Trust grows when we engage each other constructively and in good faith. It deepens when we acknowledge that no single entity has a monopoly on wisdom and talent. It endures when we demonstrate that listening leads to action.[+7 sentences] Success follows when we trust each other and work together towards a shared goal, a shared goal of building a Singapore that embraces different definitions of success. A Singapore that understands that true national strength comes from both economic competitiveness and social resilience. A Singapore that is not just a successful nation but a society worth living in. Mr Speaker, I hope my generation's chapter will be about building a Singapore that not only secures our place in the world and successfully transforms our economy, but which also nurtures the heart of our nation, our people, our relationships, our capacity for care and compassion. This is how we will successfully navigate an uncertain future and build a better Singapore, not just for ourselves, but for generations to come. I look forward to working with all Members of this House to make our shared aspirations a reality. I support the Motion.
Mr Speaker3 words
[+1 sentence]Dr Charlene Chen.
Dr Charlene Chen (Tampines)1787 words
[+19 sentences]Mr Speaker, Sir, I rise in support of the Motion to thank the President for his address. It is an honour for me, as a new Member to participate in this debate. When my son was a toddler, he walked up to the television and he scrolled across the screen as though it were a giant iPad. That simple moment captures the paradox of progress. As technology propels us forward, it also reshapes our psychology, our families and our society. The question before us is not whether we progress, but how we progress without losing our values and humanity. Our children today are born into a world of touchscreens and instant connectivity. They are more tech-savvy than us. They are growing up with Google Gemini, ChatGPT, generative AI and technologies not yet imagined. But, the ease of technology, however useful, always comes with trade-offs – especially for families. In Tampines East, many young parents tell me they struggle with these trade-offs. With long days spent juggling work, children and ageing parents, they are exhausted. And so, devices often become quick fixes. On the surface, we see children pacified with screens. But in truth, parents are simply trying to survive the day. Mr Speaker, Sir, technology not only changes how we live, more fundamentally, it shapes our psychology. And it is here that we must confront the deeper paradoxes of technology. We saw the rise of the "Me Generation" with the arrival of Facebook in 2004. It amplified our natural tendencies for social comparison. Here lies the first paradox: on the one hand, social media has given us unprecedented ways to stay connected with many; on the other hand, it has left many feeling more isolated than ever.[+7 sentences] As face-to-face interactions decline, social skills weaken. And online, negativity thrives. Trolling, cyberbullying and toxic exchanges fuel stress, anxiety and depression among our youths. Worse still, harmful behaviours are not only displayed, but rewarded. When such conduct gains likes, shares and attention, it creates a dangerous kind of social proof, signaling to our young that bad behaviour is normal behaviour. We also see instant gratification becoming the norm. Short-form videos and reels serve up endless distraction, curated by algorithms that create echo chambers. Many of these clips present extreme or simplistic views, yet our young spend hours "doomscrolling", caught in loops of distraction that they themselves call brain rot. And this is the second paradox: while diversity of thought is at our fingertips, what we consume often narrows rather than broadens our perspectives.[+9 sentences] The consequences are significant. We are seeing shorter attention spans, weaker critical thinking and reduced emotion regulation. This in turn erodes social cohesion, resilience and grit – all qualities that have defined Singapore's success. And then there is the third paradox of convenience. Technology promises to save us time – groceries at a tap, emails answered on the go. Yet, these same devices have also become relentless sources of stress. Because we can work from anywhere, we end up working everywhere. The flood of emails, WhatsApp messages and notifications deplete our mental reserves. We see a similar trade-off in healthcare. A recent study showed that doctors who leaned too heavily on AI to detect pre-cancerous growths, soon became less adept without it. This is deskilling – the quiet loss of ability when machines do too much of the work.[+22 sentences] And it mirrors daily life: the more we let technology think for us, the weaker our focus, the weaker our resilience and the weaker our grit. The lesson is clear, even as we adopt new tools, we must remember that these technologies are fundamentally just tools and we must closely guard our human strengths: judgement, intuition and compassion. Mr Speaker, Sir, our response to technology cannot be just about setting rules or guidelines. It must also be about shaping mindsets. Prime Minister has spoken about the "we" generation. President Tharman has called for a "we first" mindset – one that places the collective good above self interest. I believe this is the mindset Singapore needs as we enter our next phase of progress. A mindset is a lens through which we see the world. It shapes how we interpret events and how we respond to them. And mindsets are not born, they are shaped, by what families emphasise, what schools teach and what society chooses to reward. So, how do we nurture such a "we first" mindset? I believe we must start with kindness. Kindness may sound simple. But it is the foundation of empathy, resilience and perspective-taking; the very soft skills our young will need to survive in the AI era. And kindness must be lived in every sphere of life – at home, in school, in the community and in the workplace. In schools, this means teaching empathy alongside knowledge and equipping our young with stress and emotion management skills that must be practised continuously throughout their school years to be truly honed. Experiential learning – whether through community service projects or outdoor challenges, give children first-hand experience of responsibility and interdependence, and works best when reinforced with encouragement. These approaches should be built systematically into our school curriculum at every level, so that empathy and emotional resilience are not left to chance. And to make them work, we must strengthen support with more counsellors and psychologists to guide programmes and walk alongside our young as they navigate mental and emotional challenges. In families, it means modelling kindness at home, not only to strangers, but to one another. Too often, we forget to be kind to those closest to us. Children may not always listen to what we say, but they notice what we do, including our unkind behaviours and the way we use devices. Even though I worry about my kids' screen time, one day my daughter asked me, "Why are you always on your phone?" And that hit me – I realised that she was also modeling my behaviour.[+9 sentences] But kindness does not stop at home; it must extend into our communities. And in communities, it means designing systems that make care second nature. In Tampines East, I have seen residents care for one another in many ways. Youths teaching seniors digital skills, volunteers delivering meals to neighbours and families looking out for elderly folks living alone. These small acts of care may seem ordinary, but together they sustain the kampung spirit that defines Singapore. At the national level, we must also renew the Singapore Kindness Movement. Campaigns are useful, but lived experiences matter more. Kindness must reach into digital spaces – from gaming platforms that reward cooperation, to workplace tools that encourage us to appreciate a colleague. We should nudge, not lecture. When systems are designed so that kindness is the default – like calm rooms in shopping malls that give children with special needs and their caregivers a safe space to reset, or barrier-free ramps in our estates that make access automatic for seniors and parents; kindness becomes second nature.[+6 sentences] And by celebrating small, everyday acts of care, we show that it is not distant or heroic, but something each of us can practise daily. Finally, in business, kindness must also find its place. Businesses, too, can be a force for good. Corporate social responsibility has grown and companies today are rightly held accountable by consumers. Yet business pressures can sometimes relegate kindness to the background. We should instead support organisations that embed kindness into their DNA, whether through inclusive hiring, supporting employees who show empathy, or giving staff time and resources to serve the community. The role of Government is not to purchase kindness, but to enable it: to make it easier to care, not to pay people to care.[+2 sentences] In many parts of the world, divisions of race, religion and class are hardening. Singapore has been fortunate to avoid this, but we cannot be complacent. Numbers like the Gini coefficient show that inequality here is moderated after taxes and transfers.[+2 sentences] Yet numbers alone do not capture the lived experience of inequality. Mr Speaker, Sir, nurturing a "we first" mindset also means ensuring fairness, because kindness at the individual level must be matched by fairness at the structural level. A child from a lower-income family may be just as capable, but if tuition and enrichment is out of reach, he starts the race several steps behind.[+3 sentences] A worker may be diligent and talented, but if hiring unconsciously favours those who "look the part", it is not merit that decides, but stereotype. And when such institutional barriers combine with self-doubt or prejudice, they can quietly block opportunity. A student who keeps hearing "people like you cannot make it" may begin to believe it. An older worker who feels he will never be given a fair chance because of his age may stop trying. This is why we must continue to identify and dismantle barriers, both visible and invisible, so that Singapore remains a true meritocracy.[+20 sentences] A society where opportunities are not predetermined by background, but created through ability, effort and fair chance. Because only then can progress feel meaningful, not just for the successful few, but for every Singaporean who works hard and contributes. Mr Speaker, Sir, progress is not just about technology or economics. It is also about psychology. It is about ensuring that even as we advance, we do not lose sight of who we are. As we mark SG60 and look ahead to SG100 and beyond, let us remember the lessons of history. Civilisations that endured were not only those that adapted to change, but those that did so while holding fast to their values. And what are our values? The value of being human. The value of being Singaporean. Mr Speaker, in Mandarin. (In Mandarin): In this fast-changing world, we must not forget the most fundamental values of being human. To be human is to have compassion. To be Singaporean is to share the spirit of being in the same boat, moving forward shoulder to shoulder. True progress is progress we make together. We all know how hard it is to bridge race, religion and class, and to strive together as one. But our forefathers did it and our generation will surely do it too. As long as we support one another and hold firm to our resolve, the marathon ahead is ours to win. : It is our unity, our resilience and our spirit of looking out for one another that will carry us forward. As we race to the top, let us make sure we do not leave anyone behind. Because the true test of progress is not how high we climb, but how many we bring along with us.
Mr Speaker3 words
[+1 sentence]Mr Foo Cexiang.
Mr Foo Cexiang (Tanjong Pagar)1457 words
[+22 sentences]Mr Speaker, I rise in support of the Motion. Sir, I went to Red Swastika School for my primary education. It is a Special Assistance Plan (SAP) school. Almost all my schoolmates were Chinese. However, I did have one Malay classmate in Primary 1, his name was Hamzah. I remember him to be rather cheeky, but other than that, I saw him as one of us classmates and did not think much more then. Many years later, I went to Cardiff University in the United Kingdom (UK) and I was the only non-British student in my programme. It was not easy for me in the beginning. It was clear I was different. I felt awkward being myself. However, several classmates started conversations with me, they took an interest in who I was, where I came from and invited me for gatherings, and over time, we became good friends. In fact, three of them flew to Singapore for my wedding. Two of them were part of my "brothers" gang and they braved the gatecrashing with me, undergoing "酸甜苦辣", or joys and sorrows. And I would have actually flown to Cardiff for one of their weddings earlier this month, but it coincided with the official Opening of Parliament. But I think Dewi and Sophie will appreciate this quick mention in my speech. Having gone through my experience in Cardiff, there are times when I think back to Hamzah. How had he felt being a minority in school? It could not have been easy. We may have treated him as one of us, but had we embraced him for who he was? Did he feel he could be himself? Sir, we pride ourselves as a multicultural society, but it is much more than a concept or a statistic that there are people of different cultures here in Singapore. It requires a lot of effort and heart to understand and then to embrace our differences, so that everyone feels appreciated being who we are – "same same but different". This is why it will always be a work-in-progress. It may not be apparent to many, I believe that we are facing a grave threat to our multicultural endeavour. Global forces are pushing us away from understanding and embracing our differences. I worry when I see what is happening in Gaza.[+13 sentences] We do not want our people to let external developments affect our social cohesion. But it is hard not to have strong emotions when we see grave atrocities. There are other areas, the political contestation between the United States (US) and China, the cultural wars between the conservatives and the liberals. These all evoke emotions amongst segments within our population and they often come with an inclination to choose sides. And then, I worry whenever I scroll Instagram. The algorithm will keep on feeding us videos which confirm, double confirm, triple confirm our own worldview, and then it whips us into a frenzy with this strong sense of injustice against every other worldview that appears to lay siege against ours. It is, frankly, the most influential echo chamber ever invented. And I worry when I meet residents who do not know their neighbours are or have not spoken to them in several years. And I ask, how effective is the Ethnic Integration Policy (EIP) if neighbours are not speaking to one another, much less building relationships? I worry when our youths tell me that they seldom hang out in public spaces like the community centres and basketball courts now, unlike maybe for my generation. How effective are these spaces as well, if they do not foster engagement? Yet, amidst the storm, these are also the best of times where our multiculturalism can shine as Singapore's superpower, because bridge-builders can bring light to a fragmented and dark world. All of us who grow up in a multicultural environment and can build connections across cultures are strongly positioned to seize and grow opportunities in this global future. Companies worldwide will want talent who can build trust and thrive in multicultural teams.[+1 sentence] AI cannot replace this. So, Singapore's multiculturalism is no longer just a social imperative.[+7 sentences] It is an economic one as well. But we will need to re-evaluate our levers and be bold to make changes so that they can be more effective. And let me share a few quick suggestions. First, instead of focusing only on our common values, which certainly continues to be important, we need to make much more effort to understand our differences. The more we are inundated with views similar to our own, the more we must seek out alternative, even opposing viewpoints, resolve ourselves to hearing them out and understand where they come from. Because with deeper understanding of each other, we can eventually still agree to disagree, but we will do so holding hands and not coming to blows. Second, let us take a hard look at our policies that seek to foster multiculturalism and consider if they are achieving their objectives. For example, instead of setting limits on the proportions of each race in each block, could EIP be more effective, if we were to give priority to applicants of different ethnic backgrounds who pair up and apply to be neighbours together?[+12 sentences] Now I know that this will require further studies, but my larger point, really, is that it cannot just be the numbers that we seek. It must be the quality of the relationships forged, that we aspire towards. Third, we need to reimagine our public spaces. These spaces must be the heart of our communities – where we come together to partake in common interests, but also where we come to embrace our differences. We do not have to be limited to conventional spaces, such as the community centres or the basketball courts, if that is not what interests our youths. We can invite ground-up proposals for other state buildings or land that aim to strengthen our multicultural community, facilitate these with funding support. We can also open up a much wider drawing canvas for our residents to design their neighbourhoods. I hope these initiatives will excite our youths to come forward and have a larger stake in community building. And I aim to do so in Tanjong Pagar-Tiong Bahru. Sir, in Mandarin, please. (In Mandarin): Mr Speaker, Sir, in the five months since I entered politics, my happiest times have been participating in community activities with my Tiong Bahru residents from Tanjong Pagar. Through singing, exercising and dancing, I have been able to better understand my residents, especially the elderly. They are active in a community, which is beneficial for both physical and mental health, so I strongly advocate for this. I notice that quite a number of community activities are conducted in Chinese. This is because many elderly Chinese residents only understand Mandarin or dialects.[+1 sentence] I can understand this. However, I am most pleased to see that many of our non-Chinese residents also participate in these activities.[+9 sentences] They even sing "The Moon Represents My Heart" (月亮代表我的心) and "Ai Piah Cia Eh Yia" (爱拼才会赢), or "Fight to Win". This is very commendable. I constantly remind our Chinese residents one thing, when non-Chinese residents participate so enthusiastically in community activities despite not knowing Chinese, it demonstrates their commitment and contribution to our multicultural and multiracial society. It is a good example for all of us. We must never take this for granted. Therefore, at these occasions, I make it a point to speak in English as well. When singing, I would also encourage them to sing English and Malay songs. I hope that our activities will be welcomed by all our citizens. After all, Singapore is founded on a multicultural society. Today, many Singaporeans are inevitably influenced by geopolitics and the outside world, leading to divisions between groups holding different ideologies. Furthermore, people spend long times on social media, reducing face-to-face communication, easily forming echo chambers, reduce interaction between those holding different viewpoints, which naturally leads social divisions.[+4 sentences] Therefore, our goal is to bring everyone together through implementing policies and making good use of our public facilities and community activities, so that we can deepen the understanding between and feelings for each other. : Sir, let me return to where I started. The Singapore I want to build is one where every little child grows up, knowing and feeling that they can be who they are, in every setting and season of life. The Singapore I want to build is an orchestra of different musical instruments: we look different, we sound different, we have different ranges, but when we work together in harmony, we create the most magical and timeless symphonies. Mr Speaker, I support the Motion.
Mr Speaker3 words
[+1 sentence]Mr Gabriel Lam.
Mr Gabriel Lam (Sembawang)2001 words
[+20 sentences]Mr Speaker, I rise in support of the Motion of Thanks to the President for his address. This is the first speech in this Chamber, and it means everything to me, not just because it marks the start of my Parliamentary journey, but also because it reflects the trust that Singaporeans, in particular, my Canberra constituents, to speak honestly, with heart and with purpose. The President, in his address, reminded us that Singapore can only stand tall if we act as one people, by putting "we" before "me". This unity, built not despite our diversity but through it, has always been our strength. Our future depends on nurturing a society where we look out for one another, where success is measured not just by what we achieve, but by what we do together for the common good. Personally, it is not enough to look at where someone starts. What matters just as much is the courage they show when life knocks them down and how we support them in getting back up. Today, I want to speak about something deeply personal: second chances. I want to talk about what it means to fall behind and how we, as a society, can help people stand tall again. I also want to touch on two things we often avoid discussing: financial literacy and planning for death – wills and Lasting Powers of Attorney (LPAs). Because all three are deeply connected. They are about control, dignity and hope. Let us start with second chances. I am not just talking about ex-offenders. I am talking about any Singaporean who has made a wrong turn: bad financial decisions, toxic relationships, addictions, even just giving up on themselves too early. I have been championing for second chances since 2011 and have seen first-hand the repercussions to the families of those incarcerated, with addictions, and who made wrong financial decisions. It often takes years for the families to recover if they recover at all. One wrong choice can lead to a lifetime of despair. It should not be that way. We have made good progress in some areas, for example, our prison’s recidivism rate has been steadily dropping. Our two-year recidivism rate is low by international standards and fell to 21.3% for the 2022 release cohort. Over the longer term, five-year recidivism has continued to decline – to 36.6% for the 2019 cohort, from 41.7% for 2015.[+12 sentences] We should keep going. But second chances are not only about statistics or systems. They are also about whether people feel life itself is worth holding onto. I met a young resident not long ago at my meet-the-people session (MPS). She came with her mother, and I noticed the scars of self-harm still healing on her arms. Her bank account had been misused by someone else, and the bank froze it. She was caught in a spiral – unable to access her own money, losing hope. We worked with the local police post and even wrote to the Monetary Authority of Singapore (MAS) to try to resolve it. Last month, her father wrote to me and shared that his daughter was admitted into Institute of Mental Health (IMH). This is what it looks like when someone feels there is no way back. It is not just about mental health in the clinical sense. It is about society giving people reasons to believe tomorrow can still be better. When they do not see that, they give up.[+1 sentence] And the cost of silence, is lives. This is serious when we look at the numbers: In 2024, there were 314 suicide deaths in Singapore, with suicide remaining the leading cause of death among youth aged 10 to 29 for the sixth consecutive year.[+12 sentences] The national suicide rate stood at 5.91 per 100,000 residents. In recent years, it has been heartening to see communities coming together, various organisations that champion different causes coming together to help those in need. But we must first acknowledge that more can be done and more must be done. That we must teach a person to fish and not just provide them fish. Second chances only work if someone is willing to give a first “yes”– the landlord who does not judge your past, the human resources (HR) officer who looks at your potential, the auntie at the void deck who asks, “You okay or not?” instead of crossing the road in avoidance. We need more of those moments. That means relooking into our hiring culture, our housing rules and our public communications. Can we move from a society that punishes mistakes endlessly to one that corrects, supports and uplifts? Mr Speaker, I want to talk next about financial literacy because in Singapore, it is often the first step to a bad decision…and rarely the first thing we teach. I have met too many Singaporeans, especially in their 40s and 50s, who have fallen into debt because they did not understand the system. Not because they were reckless. But because no one ever taught them how credit works, what “compounding” means, or what it means or what to ask before signing a loan. Here is the reality: unpaid credit-card balances that incur interest – what MAS calls “rollover balances” – hit a record $8.3 billion in Q4 2024.[+5 sentences] That is not financial play; that is pressure. Earlier this year, I met a resident during a house visit and he explained that his sister had taken multiple loans with both licensed and unlicensed moneylenders. This led to his family being harassed, afraid and needing help. It eroded their relationship leading to a breakup of the family. Cases like these are not rare. In the first half of 2024 alone, Credit Counselling Singapore (CCS) received about 1,150 requests for help from debt-distressed individuals, a surge of 18% compared to the second half of 2023.[+18 sentences] That is nearly 2,300 people in a single year needing help, each a signal that money struggles are growing, not shrinking. Back in 2019, CCS handled about 3,250 new cases. That number dropped during COVID but is now climbing back again. The trend is clear: financial health is not just a private matter; it is a public concern. We need to stop thinking of financial literacy as a “good-to-have.” It is a life skill as essential as reading or writing. We should be teaching this in primary schools, in National Service (NS), in SkillsFuture classes. Not just budgeting but how to read contracts, avoid scams, manage risks. And for those already in debt, we must offer a real way out. Simplifying the restructuring process. Provide case managers who walk with people. And most of all, remove the shame. You cannot rebuild a life when you are buried under guilt. But financial resilience is not only about individuals. It is also about whether our businesses and workers can adapt in a changing economy. Across Singapore, I have met business owners and workers who share similar worries: rising costs, digitalisation and the challenge of keeping up with rapid change. Transformation cannot just be about large firms or multinationals. It must also include our kopitiam stalls, our SMEs, our local family-run businesses that anchor the communities. Our Government’s support for digitalisation, training and productivity is crucial, but I believe more can be done to simplify access. For many small businesses, it is not about a lack of will but a lack of time and bandwidth to navigate grants and schemes. We need to bring transformation support down to the ground through community centres, town councils and grassroots networks so that businesses know help is not far away.[+9 sentences] At the same time, transformation must go hand-in-hand with protecting and uplifting our local workers. When industries change, it is workers who feel the disruption most keenly. Older workers especially fear being replaced or left behind. We must strengthen retraining pathways, wage support and on-the-job learning opportunities, so that transformation is not something done to workers, but with them. If we can help our local businesses thrive and ensure our workers grow alongside them, then transformation will not divide us – it will uplift us together. The next taboo I want to talk about is death. More specifically, wills and LPAs. I know, Mr Speaker, these are not exciting topics. But when we avoid them, families suffer. As of September 2024, only 233,000 Singaporeans aged 50 and above have made an LPA, a fraction of who stand to benefit from it.[+8 sentences] That is despite a campaign pushing for 240,000 by end-2025. Yet, more than one in 10 Singaporeans do not know what an LPA is and nearly 20% are not aware of advance care planning. This is not ignorance: it is risk. I was at an MPS where I saw this resident whose husband had just passed away a year ago and as there was no will and no LPA before he lost mental capacity, it led to complex legal challenges and emotional distress. These things are preventable. But many still do not know what an LPA is. Some think it is only for the old, others worry it is about “giving up power.” But it is the opposite. LPAs when made are simple and cheap: Form 1 is fee-waived for citizens until March 2026.[+32 sentences] Yet many still do not know. An LPA protects your voice when you can no longer speak for yourself. And wills, especially for lower-income families, are equally crucial. For some lower-income families, a partially paid or older HDB flat may be their life’s only tangible asset. If that transfer is contested or mishandled, it could break a family apart. Canberra Community Club (CC) has had a series of will and LPA workshops, and I know more can be done to raise awareness. Mr Speaker, at the heart of all this – second chances, money missteps, end-of-life planning – is one word: dignity. And dignity means giving people agency over their story. Even when they have made mistakes. Even when they have failed. In Singapore, we are trained from young to fear failure. And so, when it comes, we hide. We disappear. We stay quiet. We are embarrassed to reach out for help. But I believe we must make space for the comeback. That means companies hiring not just based on clean records but also on character growth. It means schools giving students time to catch up. It means neighbourhoods, where asking for help is not seen as weakness. I have been blessed to know of company owners who do not look at overcomers as cheap labour, or just another recruitment channel, or to exploit them, but to invest in them, to give them opportunities to grow, to groom them, to help them develop and equip them to overcome challenges that lie ahead. That is the culture I want to see more of. Because sometimes, it just takes one "yes" to save someone from a lifetime of "no." Mr Speaker, in conclusion, the President spoke about the importance of putting "we" before "me" – of building a "we first" society where our success is measured not only by what we achieve alone, but by what we do together for the common good. But I think this is not just about bouncing back when times are hard. It is about building a country where people help each other rise again. I want Singapore to be known not just for its discipline, but its compassion. Not just for its efficiency, but for its empathy. Let us be a society where someone who messed up once is not forever defined by it. Where dignity is not earned only by success but granted simply because you are human. Let us be the kind of country where every Singaporean knows this: even if you fall, you are not forgotten. Even if you are lost, there is a way home. Mr Speaker, I support the Motion of Thanks. And I thank the House and Singaporeans for giving me the chance to speak and to serve.
Mr Speaker5 words
[+1 sentence]Minister of State Jasmin Lau.
The Minister of State for Digital Development and Information, and Education (Ms Jasmin Lau)2118 words
[+21 sentences]Mr Speaker, Sir, I rise today in support of the Motion. I am grateful, but also a little anxious. Anxious – not in a way that paralyses, but in a way that reminds me of the gravity of this moment and the privilege that I have to serve Singapore and Singaporeans. So, I will try my best, in this speech, to turn my anxious energy into something useful – words that carry hope and assurance, and words that do not put you to sleep. The Prime Minister and Senior Minister Lee asked me earlier this year if I read books. I said I do. I read Paw Patrol bedtime stories. And they said I should read more widely. So, I tried. I read parts of the book "A Different Kind of Power" by Jacinda Ardern, the former Prime Minister of New Zealand. She is known for her conviction about fairness, opportunity and empathy. She spoke openly about how her anxiety reminded her of the weight of leadership. She inspires me. She also said that she knew her maiden speech might one day "haunt" her, because words in politics and parliament linger; they are remembered, they are scrutinised and they are tested against our actions. Standing here today, I know, that what I say in the next 20 minutes – yes, do not worry, not more than that – will not simply vanish when I sit down. They will follow me. They will be replayed online. They will be mentioned in debates years from now. And they may come back to haunt me. Perhaps, that is not a bad thing. And perhaps, that is what gives weight to this moment – to know, that we are accountable not only for the commitments we make, but also for the spirit and the values in which we make them. I also read parts of the book, “The Anxious Generation” by Jonathan Haidt. It describes how digital technologies – smartphones, social media, endless connectivity – are reshaping childhoods, with consequences for mental well-being.[+19 sentences] As someone entrusted with responsibilities for both education and digital development, I had no excuse not to read it. But is it only one generation that is anxious? Every generation of Singaporeans has been anxious, though in different ways and through different seasons. Our Pioneer Generation felt existential anxiety: would Singapore survive? Would there be enough food, water, security? The Merdeka Generation – my parents’ generation – carried another form of anxiety: how to build stable families, how to create industries from scratch. And they worried through recessions and restructuring: could they keep their jobs, would their children have better lives than them? And then there is my generation, parents of young children today. We face a new layer of anxiety. We live in one of the safest, most successful nations in the world and yet, we worry endlessly. Are our children resilient enough? Are they spending too much time online? Are they learning the right values? Can they thrive in a world that changes faster than the one we grew up in? Are we, as parents, too gentle? Are we too harsh? Are we parenting correctly? And what if we get it all wrong? Our young people, too, carry their own burdens of anxiety. Many of them tell us that they feel anxious all the time – about examinations, about social acceptance, about the future of jobs and about whether they measure up in a world of constant comparisons.[+9 sentences] The irony is that they live in a world and a time of endless opportunities and yet, they carry the weight of immense expectations, from society, from their families and often from themselves. This anxiety is real and it is not a weakness. It is a signal that they care deeply that they are searching for meaning and that they need assurance and safe spaces to turn their restlessness into purpose. Anxiety, then, is not the condition of one generation, but an inescapable part of being a human. The real question is not whether we feel it, but what we do with it. Now, a little something for the Science students. Brownian motion describes particles that move around randomly with no clear path; plenty of movement, but no direction. When my netball teammates and I were younger, when we had energy and stamina, we often ran around the court like headless chickens. Our coach, Prof Yap from the National University Hospital (NUH), who actually just returned from Egypt, she would say to us, “Brownian motion is useless. Every move, every dodge, every change of direction we make must be intentional.” If left unchecked, anxiety can be like Brownian motion – restless vibration, much movement but no progress. But conversely, anxiety, if transformed into action, can become energy for creativity and for growth. This, is the task before us as leaders. We must lead with quiet confidence, tap into the collective experience and wisdom of our people, be clear-eyed about the policies we want to change, the mindsets that we want to change and the causes to rally our people towards.[+32 sentences] This way, we can channel the anxieties of Singaporeans into purposeful action. Mr Speaker, I would like to say a few words in Mandarin. (In Mandarin): We Chinese have an idiom, "be prepared for danger in times of peace", which means that even in good times, we must think about future challenges. Anxiety is actually a reminder. It reminds us that we care about the future, our families and our nation's prospects. Our forefathers were once anxious too. They worried whether Singapore could survive, whether it could provide enough food and water for the next generation. Our parents' generation was also anxious. They worried about economic recession, their children's employment and future prospects. Today, our generation feels equally anxious. Although Singapore is already a safe and prosperous country, we still worry: are our children resilient? Have they learnt the right values? Can they grow up in this complex world? Anxiety is not a weakness, but a driving force. The key is not whether we have anxiety, but how we face it. We can let anxiety behave like Brownian motion – vibrating randomly and aimlessly; or we can transform it into a driving force for action, making us to be more resilient, creative and confident. Only in this way can we transform worry into strength, transform unease into hope and lay a more solid foundation for Singapore's tomorrow. : I will now share my thoughts on my two portfolios: Education first, followed by Digital Development and Information. As a mother of two preschoolers, my days are filled with joy and worry. Each morning, Papa and I hold our little boys' hands, and we walk them into their schools. We kiss them goodbye and we watch them take their small steps into the world, a world that feels faster, harsher and more complex than the one I grew up in. And at night, after they are asleep, I often find myself asking, "Am I doing enough for them? Am I doing too much for them? Am I present enough as a working parent, and am I patient enough as an exhausted parent? Will they be kind? Will they be brave? Will they be bullied, or will they bully others?" These questions are not unique to me. They are questions every parent would ask themselves in quiet moments. And I want to say here, as a parent and as a policy-maker, I see you. I hear you and I carry the same questions. Education, at its heart, is not simply about grades. It is about confidence, character and resilience. Part of nurturing character is tackling the difficult issue of bullying. Bullying, whether in the classrooms or online, corrodes the very values we hold dear as Singaporeans – respect, responsibility and care for one another. It also feeds the anxiety among our children, leaving scars that can follow them well into adulthood. So, I take very seriously, my role, in the review of anti-bullying efforts because it will help build a kinder Singapore.[+21 sentences] The best way to defeat bullying is to make kindness our norm. The real revolution is not against bullying but for kindness. Let us not just tell our children to be kind to each other. Let us, as adults, be kind and respectful to each other, so that our children in Singapore, watch, learn and mimic the kindest generations of adults. I will work with parents, youths, educators and community groups to reframe the way we approach our challenges. Our work will not be just about preventing bullying but making kindness our norm and finding meaning in caring for others. Our work will not be just about helping children pass our mother tongue subjects but reconnecting them with our cultures and strengthening their ability to communicate with the world. And our work will not be just about avoiding screen time but helping children, and parents, rediscover the life lessons from play and nature, and strengthening parent-child relationships. My other portfolio, Digital Development, brings me face to face with a different kind of anxiety. We worry about children glued to screens, exposed to online harms, workers displaced by AI and seniors left behind in a fast-changing society. Yet, just as with anxiety, technology can either paralyse us or propel us. Our youths wonder if AI will take away the jobs that they aspire towards or if they will be able to keep up with machines that learn faster than humans. Yet, when I meet students at hackathons, I also see their excitement. They want to experiment, they want to create and they want to shape how AI can be used for good. So, I believe, that if we guide them well, our youths will not just adapt to AI, but they will help define the future with it. As we embrace technology and prepare our young for an AI-driven future, we must remember never to lose our humanity. Machines can process faster than us, but they cannot feel for one another. They cannot comfort a friend in pain, forgive a mistake or show compassion to a stranger. These are deeply human capacities – empathy, kindness, moral judgement – that no algorithm can replace. So, as we advance, let us hold firmly to the values that make us human because it is these values that will guide how we use technology and ensure it serves people, not the other way around. These values of empathy and kindness also guide me, as I fulfil my duties as the Minister-in-charge of GovTech. I will be a watchman, not just to keep Singapore at the forefront of technology but to guard the values and integrity of our society, so that technology and AI do not become our digital opium. We will continue to strengthen our public digital infrastructure. Through the work of GovTech and our agencies, we will ensure that Government digital services are not only efficient but also inclusive and trusted.[+16 sentences] Our public service must continue to be best-in-class, setting the tone for how technology can serve and strengthen people, not the other way round. Mr Speaker, every generation of Singaporeans had anxieties, and what has defined Singapore is not the absence of anxiety, but the imagination to dream big in spite of it and the courage to act in spite of it. Our pioneers built homes while anxious about survival. Our parents built industries while anxious about recessions. As leaders, our role is not to erase anxiety because that is impossible. Our role is to steady the anxious hearts and to channel the restless energy into constructive action. Years from now, people may ask, “Jasmin, did you live up to these words? Did you hold true to your commitments? Did you carry through on what you promised?” I hope that when that day comes, I can say, “I gave it all I have got. Yes, I was anxious but I took action. Yes, I spoke of assurance, and I worked every day to provide a little bit more of it.” Every evening, I see the real reason for my work – my children, sleeping soundly, full of unspoken trust that tomorrow will be okay, that the world will be kind. In their faces, I am reminded of why I stand here – to help build a Singapore where every child can grow up confident, kind and courageous. Mr Speaker, I commit myself to this work. To serve with both head and heart, to walk alongside Singaporeans in their anxieties, and to help transform those anxieties into action for a kinder, more resilient, more compassionate and confident Singapore.
Mr Speaker34 words
[+5 sentences]Order. I propose to take a break now. I suspend the Sitting and will take the Chair at 3.50 pm. Sitting accordingly suspended at 3.31 pm until 4.40 pm. Sitting resumed at 4.40 pm.
Mr Speaker36 words
[+2 sentences]Order. First, I would like to apologise to all Members. As you know, there was a bit of a technical glitch in the audio system, resulting in all of us having an extended tea break.[+1 sentence] Leader.
[+1 sentence]Mr Speaker, Sir, hopefully, everyone is more attentive and energised after that extended break. This new term of Government marks the beginning of a new chapter in the story of our island-nation. Singaporeans have placed their trust in me and my People's Action Party (PAP) team. They have returned my Government with a strengthened mandate. They have chosen all of us to be their voices in Parliament. It is now our duty and our responsibility, on both sides of the aisle, office holders as well as backbenchers, to live up to that trust.[+70 sentences] President Tharman has set out the challenges ahead and the key priorities for this term of Government. Members have raised many issues in this Debate and also shared useful ideas and suggestions. The Government will study all of your feedback. Today, I want to take a step back and speak about the larger mission before us. As we move beyond SG60 and as the world around us undergoes profound changes, we must ask ourselves: what kind of Singapore are we building? What kind of future do we want? How do we ensure better lives for our children and grandchildren? The past 60 years have been a miracle. When our founding leaders embarked on the journey of an independent Singapore, it felt like the most unpromising of startups. They would have been astonished at what Singapore has become today. From third world to first, we have lifted the lives of Singaporeans beyond the wildest dreams of our pioneer generation. We created opportunities for all and improved living standards across the board. We enjoyed decades of peace and progress, of stability, harmony and unity. Some now ask, can this miracle continue? We know the headwinds are stronger. The external environment is more contested, more unpredictable and more challenging for small states like Singapore. Our economy is maturing and our population is ageing, so growth will inevitably slow. Many young people worry that they may not do better than their parents. In the past, when education levels were lower, securing paper qualifications was seen as a sure ticket to success. Now almost all have tertiary education, and half the cohort have university degrees. So, competition has intensified. Young people sometimes feel like they are trapped in a relentless rat race – from classroom to the workplace. They also worry that society is becoming more stratified. That the rich and wealthy are pulling ahead, while others struggle to keep up. Social media amplifies these anxieties, triggering constant comparisons and envy. All this is not unique to Singapore. Across the world, younger people are reporting higher levels of anxiety, and responding in different ways. In China, there is the phenomenon of tang ping or lying flat. In Japan, they talk about hikikomori, not leaving the house. In Europe and America, there is “quiet quitting”, “downshifting”, or the “great resignation”, and so on. Here in Singapore, we must do everything we can to defy this global trend. We cannot let our young people down. They are our future. My team and I make this pledge to our youths, and to the generations that follow. We will build Singapore with you in mind. We will strive to create more fulfilling lives for you. And not just for a few among you, but for all of you. We have new ideas and plans to achieve this. Through Forward Singapore, we have set out our shared goals. To keep social mobility alive, so the escalator keeps moving, and everyone has the opportunity to rise over time. To strengthen our safety nets, so that no one falls through the cracks. To deepen our sense of solidarity, so we bridge differences and remain one united people. Let me elaborate on each of these in turn. First, we will do more to keep the escalator moving and help every Singaporean realise their full potential. We have seen how other societies have become more stratified, increasingly, with privilege becoming more entrenched. In extreme cases, your caste and your social class determine who you are, what you can do and what you can become. Even in meritocratic societies, we see admissions to universities or top jobs in public and private sectors dominated by those from privileged backgrounds. Governments everywhere try to rectify this. For example, I read recently in the UK, the government announced that civil service internships will be reserved for students from “lower socio-economic backgrounds” – defined as what jobs their parents did when they were 14. So, if you come from a working class family, you get the civil service internship. Otherwise, you do not get the chance. These are well-intentioned efforts. But they often fail to work as intended. Sometimes, they even create new distortions. Fortunately, Singapore starts from a stronger position. But we cannot stand still. We have to tilt the balance continually and keep opportunities open at every stage of life. We will invest more in the early years. Because as several Members have highlighted in this debate, opportunity gaps are opening up earlier – due to the advantage that better off parents confer on their children. And if we do not close these gaps quickly, they will only widen. We will expand KidStart and enhance ComLink+ – so that more families get help earlier, and more children gain a stronger footing in life. We will deepen support for children from disadvantaged backgrounds. Today, enrolment in preschool is near universal. But attendance is less regular among the children from lower-income families. We will redouble our efforts and work closely with parents, preschool operators and social service agencies to ensure these children get the consistent support they need to thrive. We will not only do more, but we will also take actions across agencies with a more integrated family-centric approach – which several Members also spoke about. In schools, we will continue to press ahead with reforms. We have changed how the PSLE is graded. It is no longer graded on a curve, as Members know. It is about your own achievement, not about how well you did relative to your peers. In secondary schools, we have replaced streaming with Full-Subject Based Banding.[+9 sentences] Students are in mixed-form classes. They take subjects at different levels, according to their abilities. But I know for many parents, education still feels like an arms race. It is the PSLE season now. We all know of friends who are taking leave from work to help their children prepare for their PSLE. When you speak to each parent, they often tell you the same thing: they wish they could cut back on the endless tuition and give their children more space to grow up and play. Yet everyone hesitates to take that step. Why? Because deep down, they worry: what if my child loses out? So, many families feel they are stuck on a treadmill, running harder and harder, in a bid to avoid falling behind.[+1 sentence] We must break this cycle. So, why we will do more in this term to reduce the stakes of single exams, to further broaden our definitions of success and to give every child the chance to discover and develop their strengths – be it in languages, sciences, sports, arts or technical skills.[+22 sentences] I feel strongly about this as a result of my own personal experience. My friends and I in school did not grow up with family advantages or a head-start in life. But education was our great leveller. It gave us opportunities that we would not otherwise have had, the courage to dream and the chance to pursue our aspirations. I want every parent and every child to feel the same – that education is not a burden, but a springboard. A place where our children can learn, grow, discover their strengths and reach for better opportunities. But education reforms alone are not enough to accomplish the transformation we seek. Because if employers still cling to narrow academic criteria to judge ability, then the arms race will simply shift from schools to workplaces. Parents will continue to feel that grades are the only ticket to success. I remember when we had the “Our Singapore Conversation” some years back, someone told us: “I am glad you are trying to make every school a good school, but you cannot succeed unless every job is a good job”. And that person is right. We must change how we hire and promote. This is not at all an easy task, but we have already started. It means recognising that people have different gifts and strengths. Some may excel in mathematics but not in languages, or vice versa. Others may struggle in written exams, but thrive in practical problem-solving. If we only use general academic results to sort out talent, we will undervalue many capable Singaporeans. We will miss out the many other competencies and intelligences that exist amongst us and that are just as important. So, we are changing. Take the Public Service, for example. Academic results are no longer the be-all and end-all. They are just one part of the overall assessment. For recruitment, we are using more skills-based assessments.[+12 sentences] In some roles, we have stopped looking at grades altogether. For example, GovTech engineers are recruited through coding and problem-solving tests and interviews – because what matters is not your paper qualifications, but whether you can do the work. Once you enter the Public Service, how well you do does not depend on your grades or school. It depends on your qualities, your contributions and your performance on the job. The private sector is changing too. One CEO shared with me: he used to insist on top academic credentials, focusing on school, universities, ticking all the right boxes. But he soon realised that academic credentials did not predict subsequent success in the company. What was more important was the individual’s attitude and mindset – their ability to learn, adapt, and work with others. So these changes are happening, but clearly there is still a long way for us to go. Nevertheless, step by step we will move more towards skills-based hiring and progression, because what matters most is not where you started from, but what you can do and how far you are willing to go. Valuing every job also means narrowing the gaps in how different professions are recognised and rewarded. This too is not easy, but we have been working on this for some time, and we too, have been making progress. For example, we have substantially raised the salaries of pre-school teachers and allied health professionals – vital roles that were once undervalued.[+14 sentences] We will continue to professionalise other skilled trades, including those that are considered “blue-collar” work. Together with the Labour Movement, industry, and Institutes of Higher Learning, we will create more structured career and learning pathways so that tradespeople and essential workers can advance, grow their skills and be recognised for their contributions. Pay matters, but ultimately this is not just about pay. It is also about mindset, a whole-of-society mindset. Much depends on how society as a whole views the different pathways that people choose. Let me give you an example. In the past, parents resisted when their children wanted to pursue careers in fields like sports and culinary arts. Many young people would take a more conventional path first to please their parents, then only chased their passion later. I know of many friends who did that. Today, more parents embrace such choices, because society now celebrates our athletes, our chefs, and our artists. We take pride when their achievements put Singapore on the world map. So, yes, progress has been made. Yet we all know that there remain vocations where pay is not the main issue. Rather, it is societal recognition and respect that continue to lag behind. So, while the Government will do our part, the deeper change must come from society. We must move from a narrow meritocracy based solely on grades, to a broader and more inclusive one.[+7 sentences] Step which we have been making already over the years, but we must continue to move more in this direction. A broader and more inclusive meritocracy that encourages excellence in every field, that values a diversity of abilities and talents, that accords dignity and respect to all forms of work, and to the people who carry them out. That is how we keep social mobility alive, so every Singaporean can rise on the strength of their contributions and will be respected. The shift towards more pathways to success must be underpinned by a strong and dynamic economy. To be clear, economic growth is not about chasing GDP. It is about uplifting lives and creating a wide range of good jobs and opportunities for all Singaporeans. We will redouble our efforts to keep our economy competitive and vibrant. This is even more urgent in an increasingly fragmented global economy, with more barriers to trade. That is why the Singapore Economic Resilience Taskforce and the Economic Strategy Review committees are studying how Singapore can navigate the challenges that have come thick and fast in the past few months.[+30 sentences] For the last 60 years, multi-national enterprises have been a key driver of our economy. They remain critical anchors in sectors like electronics, pharmaceutical and finance. We have to keep attracting new investments from leading global companies, so that Singapore can stay plugged into the frontiers of innovation. At the same time, we must work harder to energise our enterprise eco-system. We want to make Singapore a more attractive place for startups and emerging companies, be it here or overseas. These can be home-grown firms looking to venture abroad, or overseas growth companies seeking a base in Asia. These are the companies that will shape our future success. And to do this well, we will need a different approach. Because not all enterprises will succeed. Some will fail. And fail spectacularly. When they do, there will inevitably be calls for the Government to step in – I am sure from both sides of the House – from the Workers' Party (WP) and the PAP asking the Government to do more. And perhaps from time to time, we will. But if we try too hard to shield every company, we risk ending up with more "zombie firms" – propped up artificially, stifling renewal and enterprise dynamism. And that is not the path we want to take. So, we must be prepared for more churn. And we should not only celebrate success stories but also learn to embrace failures and setbacks. Because it is only through constant experimentation that more innovative companies can emerge. The process will be uncomfortable, even unsettling. But it is necessary to create new value, and ultimately to create new and better jobs for Singaporeans. So, let me be clear: our focus must always be on the worker, not the job. Companies may fail. Jobs may disappear. But every worker matters, every citizen matters; and no one will be left behind. In this fast-changing world with greater churn, we also need to offer Singaporeans sufficient assurances so they can deal with the disruptions with a greater sense of confidence and security. And that means making sure that their essential needs are taken care of – quality education, healthcare and housing, for example, must remain accessible and affordable. Housing was one of the biggest concerns in the last term. Because COVID-19 disrupted construction and the supply of new homes. But since then, we have ramped up supply. Today, there is a healthy pipeline of new BTO flats as well as land for new private properties. There are still concerns around housing, but I am confident the situation will steadily improve with the additional supply. So, we will not only catch up with demand but build ahead of it so there will be more BTOs with shorter waiting times and we will be able to give Singaporeans greater assurance when planning for their homes.[+3 sentences] At the same time, we must update our system to reflect demographic changes, especially increased lifespans. I spoke about healthcare at the National Day Rally. And we will have lots to do in this area through Healthier SG, Age Well SG, and Age Well Neighbourhoods. In this term, we will also take steps to strengthen retirement adequacy.[+6 sentences] We are studying what further moves we can make. In particular, we want to help Singaporeans save more during their working lives, so that they have enough to meet their basic retirement needs for life, for a longer life. And for those who despite their best efforts cannot build up a sufficient nest egg, we will provide additional support so that every Singaporean can retire with dignity. We will also continue to strengthen our safety nets for those who need more help. For children with special needs, we will provide more support in their education and help make their transition to adulthood and work smoother. For people with disabilities, we will give them more opportunities to pursue their aspirations and lead fulfilling lives. For those who encounter setbacks, we will help them get back on their feet because setbacks are part of life and in Singapore, everyone is due second and third chances. That is why we introduced programmes like the SkillsFuture Jobseeker Support Scheme.[+2 sentences] It has just started, but we will make this a far better scheme than the unemployment insurance found elsewhere. All of these measures are helping to bring down income inequality in Singapore. Our Gini coefficient is now at its lowest in more than two decades.[+3 sentences] Previously, the Gini was measured only on income from work. The Department of Statistics has since updated the measure to include income from all other sources, like rental and investments. The full data will be published soon. But I will share the headline finding with this House first.[+1 sentence] The revised Gini coefficient comes out higher. We are talking 0.38 as compared to 0.36 after taxes and transfers.[+1 sentence] We had expected this but what matters more is the trend. Even with the revised measure, the Gini continues to move downwards.[+3 sentences] So, inequality in Singapore is narrowing. And we are determined to keep it that way. We have ways to mitigate wealth inequality in Singapore. A large share of household wealth here is tied up in property. So, we have taxes on property, progressive taxes on property and stamp duties on property transactions to ensure those with more contribute more. But it is not just on the tax side. We also have transfers, wealth transfers for those with less through public housing to help lower-income families own their homes, through regular top-ups to CPF accounts and through new initiatives like the ITE Progression Award, which gives a head-start to ITE graduates who complete their diplomas.[+26 sentences] So, taken together, our measures are helping to narrow both income and wealth inequality and we will press on, and continue to innovate in our social policies. So, that at every stage of life, Singaporeans feel assured, supported and confident about the future. So that opportunities and progress will always be fairly shared across our society. As we work towards a fairer society, we must also accept a basic truth: not every journey will reach the same destination. Even if we succeed in levelling the starting point for everyone, some skills and talents will always be more in demand than others. Some jobs will command higher pay. That is reality. And that is why those who do better must never forget this: no one succeeds alone. Opportunities do not come from individual effort alone. They come from the broader system – from the teachers who nurtured you, the workers who keep our city running, and the safe and stable environment that society as a whole provides. So, every successful and fortunate person in Singapore owes a debt to the community. Those who are more successful should therefore contribute more, not just in taxes, but also in compassion and care. Because no taxation system, however progressive, can legislate the spirit of solidarity. That must come from within each of us, it must come from the heart and it must be nurtured by a culture that puts "we" before "me". That is why I spoke about a "we first" society. It is one that strives for the collective good, not just self-interest; it is one that values solidarity even as we recognise our individual differences. To be clear "we first" doesn’t mean surpressing the "me". It means the "me" can only thrive when the "we" is strong. So, we need to embrace our individuality and help everyone be the best possible versions of themselves. At the same time, we have to look out for one another and lift each other up. Only then can we be greater than the sum of our parts. This "“we first" spirit of solidarity is not new. This is how our forefathers of different origins, languages and religions came together to forge One Singapore. And over the decades, through painstaking and patient effort, we have built up this social capital. And today the bonds among Singaporeans are stronger than ever. But we cannot be complacent. And I will share with you findings from recent surveys. They show, for example, that only one in three young Singaporeans had ever volunteered.[+25 sentences] That more than half said that most of their friends were from the same socio-economic group or race as them. We worry about these trends: because if we know less of one another, if we have less in common, then we risk seeing each other not as fellow citizens, but as competitors, as people from different tribes. And competition can easily turn into envy, resentment and division. So, we must work harder to create more spaces and opportunities to mix and interact – be it at school, in the workplace, or in our neighbourhoods. It will take the concerted effort of everyone, generation after generation, to make sure that our diversity adds and does not subtract. Sometimes we overdo it, and the efforts become contrived. The older Members of this House will remember when People's Assocation (PA) started the Community Games back in 2012, it required teams to include members of different races. That was the rule to take part in a community game. But some groups signed up "phantom players" just to meet the quota. The intent was good, but the outcome fell short. And it is easy to look back and laugh at what happened then. But we all know that fostering more of such interactions is very hard to do and at the same time, it cannot be left to chance. Since then, we have learnt better how to do this. Today, PA organises more sports and activities that more naturally bring residents together, regardless of age, race, or background. We have merged Residents’ and Neighbourhood Committees into Residents’ Networks, so that people from public housing and private property can interact more freely. And as a Government, we will continue to work hard to build up our social capital, to bind communities together, to connect us each to each, regardless of race, language or religion – and I might add also, regardless of socio-economic background. At the same time the whole society must make an effort. Singaporeans need to step out of our comfort zone, learn from more other cultures and interact with people from different backgrounds. These may seem like small steps. But over time, they help to strengthen our social fabric. Because trust grows from these everyday encounters – eating together, celebrating one another’s festivals, or simply knowing your neighbour. There is no doubt that our shared Singaporean identity has grown stronger these last 60 years. In his speech, the Leader of the Opposition Mr Pritam Singh said that being a member of a racial and religious group and our identity as Singaporeans are both "equally important". Indeed, we all have multiple identities and we celebrate these. But we should be clear-eyed about our present realities. In fact, a recent Institute of Policy Studies (IPS) survey showed that among some groups of Singaporeans, their religion ranks higher than their Singaporean nationality in determining their self-identity.[+2 sentences] That is why race and religion, if exploited, can easily arouse passions and tear apart the very fabric of our society. We see this happening in so many other countries and Singapore is not immune to these powerful forces. In fact, we had a close call in the recent General Election (GE). External elements sought to exploit our differences to divide and weaken us.[+6 sentences] In one instance, they attacked the credibility of certain candidates because these candidates allegedly failed to advocate the rights of a particular religious community. In another instance, they praised a candidate for arguing against the separation of religion and politics. But it was not just foreign interference. At home, we also had Singaporeans who exhorted certain groups to vote along racial and religious lines. They said, "Vote for this candidate because he or she is a better representative of your race or religion". Or they compared candidates and said, "Vote for this person because he or she has been a more vocal champion for your race or religion". These narratives were not just seen online, but they were heard on the ground. And that is why I spoke out then, in the middle of the campaign, not as a party leader, but as Prime Minister, to make clear that race and religion must never be weaponised in our politics.[+6 sentences] Thankfully, many Singaporeans rejected the calls to vote along racial and religious lines. They voted for the candidate that they felt was best for Singapore, regardless of race or religion. But make no mistake. Had the election outcomes rewarded those who had pushed people to vote for racial and religious reasons, it would have caused a serious fissure in Singapore society. Other racial and religious groups would have mobilised to protect their own interests in the future elections. This would have jeopardised the harmonious, multi-racial and multi-religious society that took us 60 years to build. Looking ahead, as elections become more tightly contested, the temptation to play this card will only grow. So, we must find ways to guard against this and have to see how all of us, as Members of this House, can reaffirm our commitment to serve all Singaporeans, regardless of race or religion, and foreswear the use of racial and religious appeals in elections.[+37 sentences] Mr Speaker, "one united people, regardless of race, language or religion" is not just a line in our pledge. It is the foundation of our independence. It is the reason why Singapore became Independent. It is the bedrock of our nationhood. Let us all never forget this. Our unity and the trust we have in one another also depends on how we conduct our politics. The way we debate, disagree and decide as a country. That is what constructive politics in Singapore is about. Our society is maturing and our politics will evolve, too. And so, I welcome the opposition presence in Parliament. In this GE, Singaporeans have chosen to send both PAP and WP Members of Parliament (MPs) here, and both sides have a duty to serve Singaporeans faithfully. For the PAP, we do not assume we are automatically entitled to govern, just because we have done so since self-government. Our right to lead must be earned, by working hard and delivering results that improve the lives of Singaporeans. Doing well in one election does not guarantee success in the next. Every election is a new test and we must take nothing for granted. In this term of government, I fully expect WP to keep us on our toes – raising questions, scrutinising our policies and holding us accountable. This is their role as the opposition, and I am sure they will play it vigorously. The WP will try to build up its ranks and grow its presence in Parliament over time, as any political party would. One day, it will want to take over from the PAP as the ruling party, even if it may not say so openly now. That is the nature of political competition. But in the end, be it the PAP, WP or any other political party, we are all servants of the people. The final word rests with them. And I believe Singaporeans are discerning voters. They will decide which parties deserve their trust, both in Government and in opposition. If any party falls short of the public's high expectation and standards, there will surely be consequences. Privilege given today can easily be taken tomorrow. So, let us all conduct our politics with seriousness, with integrity and with a deep sense of responsibility for the longer-term interests of our nation. And that is how I hope our politics will evolve and our democracy can strengthen over time. Besides welcoming diverse views in Parliament, the Government will do more to engage and involve Singaporeans outside of this House. As I said in the National Day Rally last month, we do not just want to do things for Singaporeans. We also want to do things with Singaporeans. So, I invite all Singaporeans to join us, to connect, collaborate and shape our future together. We already have many channels for public consultations. We will continue with all these. But, we will also go further. We will open up new opportunities for Singaporeans to have deeper conversations and engagements. To shape the character of our neighbourhoods and estates, for example. To be directly involved in policy-making, through Citizens' Panels, as one possible channel. And to help set new norms on major issues, like education, multi-culturalism or how we raise our children in this digital age.[+4 sentences] In particular, we want to involve our young people. They have energy, ideas and a strong sense of purpose. So, we will give them more platforms to step forward, contribute and make their voices count. This has already started. In 2023, we set up Youth Panels to study issues that young Singaporeans care about. They shared their ideas with me at the inaugural Youth Policy Forum last year; many of their recommendations were constructive and thoughtful and we have taken them on board. Next year, we will launch the second round of Youth Panels and I look forward to more new ideas from our young people.[+20 sentences] So, to all young Singaporeans, I say, "We will not let you down. We are building Singapore for you and with you." And you, too, have a part to play. Work with us to secure a brighter future for yourself and your fellow citizens. Do not settle for anything less. The future is not cast in stone. It is something you create, and we need you, our young Singaporeans, to be the authors of this next chapter; to write what must become your Singapore Story. So, be bold in chasing your dreams, seize the opportunities before you. There will be setbacks along the way, but you will never face them alone. Embrace the failures as well as the successes. For it is often at the edge of our comfort zones that we learn, grow and become the best versions of ourselves. Most important of all, remember this: success is not just about what we achieve alone, but what we build together. True fulfilment comes from creating a society where every Singaporean can stand tall and we all move forward as one people. This is what has defined us for the last 60 years, a Singapore Spirit rooted in trust, solidarity and resilience. And it is this same spirit that will carry us into the future. Mr Speaker, I have set out the broad strokes of a new direction for our next chapter; of a new vision for Singapore. I hope every Singaporean can get behind this shared endeavour. Together, let us build a Singapore that remains a land of endless possibilities. A home where every generation does better than the one before and a nation that continues to shine brightly for the next 60 years and for the generations beyond. Mr Speaker, I support the Motion.
Mr Speaker4 words
[+1 sentence]Mr Ng Shi Xuan.
Mr Ng Shi Xuan (Sembawang)1155 words
[+8 sentences]Mr Speaker, Sir, how can we give our children a better life? I stand here for the first time because of the people of Sembawang and the generations who came before me, including my own parents, who worked hard so I could have the chance to carry the hopes and dreams of many Singaporeans, especially parents and grandparents, who are quietly wondering, "How will my children cope with the challenges and complexities of tomorrow? Can they have a better life than ours?" These questions matter because Singapore has never had natural resources to fall back on. What we have always had is people. Our workers, our families, our children. Our people are our only natural resource. And what we have achieved in the last 60 years is nothing short of remarkable. Today, 100% of our youths are literate and our students consistently top global rankings in education. Our Human Capital Index is among the highest in the world.[+22 sentences] And more importantly, our people are known not just for being smart, but for being honest, hardworking and resilient. This progress did not come from luck. It came from sacrifice, from seniors and parents who gave up their dreams so their children could have one. This is the Story of Singapore, where we know that we need to invest in our people, where we know that human capital is our only competitive advantage and where we know this is the only way towards a brighter future. But every generation faces its own mountain. Today, our children are growing up in a very different world. One filled with screens, stress and shifts. In my conversations with parents on the ground, I have heard real concerns, "My child is doing okay in school, but is that enough? How do I raise them to be strong, kind and happy?" As a young father myself, I feel these worries too. That is why as a youth volunteer, I had focused my community work on supporting the young – from launching Healthy Plate programmes with a local social service agency, to guiding a group of youth leaders to launching an anti-vape campaign. Because every child matters and we all have a part to play. Even as we worry, we must remember: our young people are also full of hope. They dream not just of stable jobs, but also of meaningful lives. They talk about AI, sustainability, creativity, not just because these terms sound cool, but because they truly want to make a difference and do something meaningful with their lives. I saw this passion come alive when I met a group of young entrepreneurs. Yilina and Jay, both business students, are two of the co-founders of Fossa Chocolate. Matthew, a lawyer by training, and Trevor, an accountant, are the owner and manager of All Would Envy. These youths were not confined by their degrees but set out to pursue their passion and built something of their own. When their businesses do well, they will go on to inspire their children and future generations. Proving that in Singapore, if we believe, we can achieve. That is the Singapore Dream. Not just to make a living, but to create a life of purpose. So, I echo the President's emphasis in his Opening address that we must "foster an outgoing and experimental spirit among our enterprises and people." He further implored us to work together and make Singapore "a society where every citizen shares in the nation's prosperity and every Singaporean has the confidence that tomorrow will bring brighter opportunities and a better life." I am heartened that the Government has continued to honour its commitment to nurture our future generations with initiatives, such as free childhood vaccines, affordable preschools with childcare subsidies, Grow Well SG to help parents raise healthy children, clear screen time guidelines to protect our young minds, National Mental Health and Well-being Strategy to improve our mental health ecosystem and the GRIT Traineeship Programme to ensure our tertiary students and fresh graduates gain real-world industry experience.[+8 sentences] These are not just policies. They are building blocks of trust between the state and our people. But policy alone is not enough. Raising a child and helping our youths to maximise their potential is still a community effort. As a grassroots adviser, I continue to have a soft spot for youth-related topics. In my engagements with our youths, I hear anxieties and insecurities from our students in higher learning and fresh graduates about their job prospects and career options. So, my Parliamentary colleague, Ms Poh Li San and I are leading a new community initiative to address this issue. Together with the advisers in Sembawang GRC and Sembawang West single member constituency (SMC), we have pulled together our own networks of companies to organise company visits and fireside chats with executives. This initiative is complementary with the nationwide Traineeship programme as it will help youths to get insights on the changes in the job market and also be clued in on the career options they can have beyond their degrees. This programme is aptly named Slay, or Sembawang Learning and Achievement for Youths, as we want our youths to not just do well, but do well with confidence and style. The programme will launch in the next two weeks and our first company visit is slated for end-October.[+2 sentences] I am excited to work with you to secure our future for our nation, for our people and for our future generations. In my term as a Member of this House, I will work together with you to support the young and to build not just a place, but a home where our people and local businesses can sustainably grow and thrive. In this House, I will focus on three areas: (a) strengthening family support systems: I want to see more community-driven care for parenting and early childhood so that every child can grow up healthily and with the best chance to fulfill their potential; (b) championing youth-led ideas: young people should not just be asked for feedback, they should lead projects and shape the solutions they care about so that they join us in the stewardship of our nation; and (c) supporting our local businesses: small local business owners need room to grow. I will push for simpler regulations, better digital tools and fairer access to opportunities so that our companies will go on to inspire future generations of business owners and entrepreneurs.[+5 sentences] These are real areas where we can do better and I intend to raise them here. As we celebrate SG60, let us remember, it was not just deliberate planning or a stroke of good luck that brought us here. It was the strength of our people. And like in a garden, if we want strong trees in the future, we must care for the young shoots today. That means giving our young the right mix of guidance, trust and room to grow.
[Deputy Speaker (Mr Xie Yao Quan) in the Chair]862 words
[+46 sentences]This generation has both the responsibility and the opportunity to build for the next. Let us build a Singapore where every child can find their way, every parent feels less alone and every senior sees that their sacrifices were worth it, so that one day, when our children stand here, they can say, "We did not just inherit Singapore. We built it together." In Mandarin, please. (In Mandarin): Mr Deputy Speaker, I feel deeply honoured and grateful to stand here today to deliver my maiden speech. I come from an ordinary family, and it is through my parents' hard work and perseverance that I have the opportunity to stand here today. My parents did not receive much education, but like many Singaporeans, they believed that as long as their children received an education, they would have a better future. So, I have always remembered: whilst Singapore has no natural resources, what we can always rely on is our people. Since Independence, our greatest investment has not been in factories, but in our children. In return, our young people have achieved 100% literacy rates, we rank amongst the top in international education rankings and the World Bank has rated us as one of the best countries in its Human Capital Index. None of this happened by chance, but through the sacrifices and quiet contributions of countless fathers and mothers, grandfathers and grandmothers, who lived frugally and gave their all. The challenges facing today's children are different from those of the past. Parents no longer worry about having three meals a day, but about mental health, internet addiction, and whether their children will find a fulfilling direction in life. During my visits with residents, I often hear such sentiments, "I cannot imagine what the future will look like, and I don't know if my child will be able to adapt." As a father of three children, I share the same concerns. This is why in my grassroots work, I have always focused on youth and family issues, such as promoting healthy eating, anti-vaping and encouraging children to develop healthy lifestyles. Because I believe every child matters. Even as we worry, we must remember – our young people are full of hope. They not only dream of stable jobs but also yearn for meaningful lives. They speak of AI, sustainability and creativity not because these jobs are trendy, but because they genuinely hope to make a difference and do something meaningful with their lives. I know such a group of young people, like the founders of Fossa Chocolate and All Would Envy. They were originally lawyers and accountants, but later chose to follow their own path, pursue their passions, establish their own brands and create something of their own. We need to help these SMEs succeed in order to inspire future generations to face challenges courageously and pursue their dreams. This is the spirit that the new generation of Singaporeans is demonstrating. I am also heartened that the President, in delivering the address, encouraged us to work together to make Singapore "a society where every citizen shares in the nation's prosperity, and every Singaporean has the confidence that tomorrow will bring brighter opportunities and a better life." I am heartened to see the Government's support for future generations, including free infant vaccinations, affordable preschool fees, the Grow SG programme to help parents cultivate healthy habits, new guidelines on screen time to protect children's physical and mental health, more policies promoting mental health and family support and the GRIT programme. These policies are not just about children's academic performance, but about their lives. But policies alone are not enough. The community can also participate and use concrete action to nurture children and help young people realise their potential. As a grassroots adviser, I continue to focus on early childhood and youth issues. In my interactions with young people, I have heard fresh graduates' anxieties about employment prospects and career choices. Therefore, Ms Poh Li San and I are leading a new community initiative to address this issue. Together with advisers from Sembawang GRC and Sembawang West SMC, we have pooled our networks to organise company visits and fireside chats with senior executives. This initiative complements national training programmes, as it will help young people understand changes in the job market and help them learn about career options beyond degrees. Mr Speaker, this year we celebrate SG60. For 60 years, we have relied on our people to reach this day, step by step. We want every child to grow into a hopeful, capable and confident Singaporean. We want every parent to feel at ease, and every grandparent to be proud. Like a garden, if we want strong trees to grow in the future, we must start nurturing the seedlings today. This means giving young people the right guidance, trust, and space to grow. This generation has both the responsibility and the opportunity to build the future for the next. When our next generation stands here, they can proudly say, "We didn't just inherit Singapore. We built it together." Happy 60th birthday, Singapore. May we work together towards the future. Majulah Singapura.
Mr Deputy Speaker3 words
[+1 sentence]Ms Nadia Samdin.
Ms Nadia Ahmad Samdin (Ang Mo Kio)2281 words
[+23 sentences]Mr Deputy Speaker, Sir, I join the other hon Members in this House in adding to the chorus of support for the Motion of Thanks. In his address, Mr President highlighted fundamental shifts in the tides, leading to a far less predictable world. Just in the last month, we have seen protests in Indonesia, UK, USA and leadership upheavals in countries from Japan, Thailand to Nepal and France. Leaders raced to uphold promises, undo the work of their predecessors and bring forth change within a political term, often, an impossible task. The global and economic order is in transition and people are clamouring to be heard. Compounding this are ongoing conflicts felt not just as remote death tolls beyond our shores but real atrocities which citizen reporters, humanitarian workers and everyday residents stream online. As we travel to work and feed our children at night, these dominate our feeds and we feel the suffering from half a world ago, a stereo split screen like watching two worlds exist at once. While real-time information promotes compassion, it also magnifies anxiety in our hyperconnected world and there is dissonance within so difficult to reconcile. All these, amidst the slow yet inevitable backdrop of climate change, no longer a distant march but here in the form of hottest years on record, flash floods, droughts, rising sea levels. Extreme weather destabilises food sources and supply chains, causing scarcity and rising costs. Our youth faces anxieties about the future they will inherit. Working adults feel sandwiched as they shoulder pressures at work and at home. Seniors confront major life transitions and isolation. Sir, to navigate through the unknown together as one inclusive society, we must go beyond protecting our borders and resources, to tend to something equally precious – the mental health and well-being of our people. The well-being of our children is essential. Every child is precious in an ageing society and they are the future of our nation. But they carry a heavy load in the face of turbulent around us and this can manifest in mental health conditions, bullying and self-harm. With increased digital exposure, our children are subjected to the mercy of algorithms designed to sustain their attention, often with sensational or emotional posts. Trends shift quickly. What our children see today may not be the same tomorrow. Social media also forces our children to grow up too fast. Primary school children dance to mildly risque dance moves ala K-Pop Demon Hunters, chasing likes before they have the maturity to process their own actions. Coupled with deepfakes and false content, this results in a disorientation of body image and a disjoint in their perception between what is portrayed online and the real world. Over a prolonged period, our children may lack the confidence to navigate the world and feel stressed as they worry how they can keep up with changes, questioning what the truth is. I am glad that Grow Well SG, a coordinated effort to help our children, was launched earlier this year. I hope that children's mental health screening will also be part of the health plans and I also hope that services by CREST-Youth teams can be expanded to include children under 12.[+11 sentences] We must start earlier. Sir, for many youths who are conscious about the world that we live in, the future seems uncertain as calamities increase, leading to a sense of hopelessness that this is the world and the systems that they have inherited. Despite their willingness to take action, some feel wary to create change as an individual, questioning the impact which they can make as one person in the face of bigger nations and corporations. This Government is taking serious steps to fortify our food supply chains, tackle rising sea levels and develop innovative cooling systems towards heat resilience. Climate change is a wicked problem of the generation. It is important to deepen their knowledge as part of school curriculum and involve them as co-creators to climate solutions and a voice at the table. So, I was very grateful to hear the Prime Minister's speech earlier. Building accurate understanding and active participation will help move helplessness to agency and foster a shared mission, like Captain Planet. With a volatile economy and reports of company layoffs, many working adults feel greater stress that is coupled with cost-of-living worries. For some, the need to earn and provide, pretend that everything is okay, results in them pushing past the point of burnout, requiring more intensive and longer treatments. Some are concerned about gaps in their curriculum vitae and stigma by employers, leading to potential unemployment should they take that much-needed step to seek treatment. For this group of individuals who require time off from work, I hope we can consider some form of interim credits or allowance to help with basic living costs, as schemes such as ComCare often do not apply.[+3 sentences] To be self-aware and recognise one's need to rest is courage. To commit oneself to recovery is strength. Secondly, I hope there can be stronger support for their re-integration into the workforce once they are ready. While there are support services such as the Institute of Mental Health (IMH) Job Club, it is unclear how many individuals these services have supported as a proportion of those who have sought help, and the range of jobs available for persons with different qualifications, as well as the progress of the job fit assessment and referral framework by the National Council of Social Servce to ensure a longer term fit between employer and employees with different kinds of conditions.[+2 sentences] Worries about the cost of treatments remain a key barrier. Sir, besides MediShield and public subsidies available for the management of mental illnesses under the chronic disease management programme (CDMP), I hope the Government can consider expanding the mental health conditions covered under the CDMP and increase the subsidies coverage for mental health treatments. Recovery is often non-linear, requiring consistent treatment, and the costs incurred for one to receive quality and timely support can be prohibitive. I echo my appeal for the Government to coordinate a framework and improve access to insurance coverage for persons with mental health conditions.[+4 sentences] Sir, a study by the National University of Singapore found a gap in parents' understanding of mental health conditions. Under the National Mental Health and Well-being Strategy, the "Parenting for Wellness" toolbox for parents was released. How can we work with parents to understand and put this into practice in a bite-sized and practical way, like how I consult Instagram Reels at night to find out whether I have gentle-parented my son hard enough, or could I actually have fed what I fed him at 10 months old. Can workshops be made more accessible in our neighbourhoods to improve mental health literacy and equip parents to have hard conversations with their children? After all, there is no school of parenting when a child comes into our lives, and as a first-time mom, I will be the first to admit that parents are learning as we become parents too. I understand that the Ministry of Social and Family Development will introduce a new model of support for the health needs of families under the ComLink+ scheme. I urge the Ministry to consider including mental well-being in the updated model, as vulnerable families often face instability and decision fatigue as well as a significant bandwidth tax.[+5 sentences] Sir, while Singapore is set to become super-aged next year, Ang Mo Kio is well on its way as a super-aged town with a diverse population of seniors, each with their own life experiences and challenges. We often speak about youths transitioning to the workforce, facing uncertainty, but less is spoken about older adults, who stop work and are confronted with a loss of identity, companions or health, becoming empty nesters or taking on a caregiving role to a spouse. Sometimes, these stressors compound, resulting in harmful or suicidal thoughts among older adults. One of the most difficult parts of being our people's representatives is sitting in wakes or on the living room floor the morning after or waiting for the ambulance next to a cold canvas in the immediate aftermath. Our seniors have given so much of themselves to see Singapore become what she is today. I only hope that we can help them feel supported as they age. 希望我亲爱的乐龄可以安享晚年. I call on the Government to consider a targeted strategy in caring for our seniors' mental health.[+11 sentences] Seniors do not have the same vocabulary to search symptoms online like our youth. We need to think about local neighbourhoods as a community of first responders and equip primary care as a critical touchpoint for prevention, as these conditions first materialise as somatic concerns, such as pains or insomnia sometime. Beyond the good work of the Silver Generation Office, Active Ageing Centres and the community centres, can we leverage technology and have automated messages regularly reminding seniors of health and well-being support, similar to messages which new parents, such as myself, receive when our babies hurt certain months in age. A text or push notification could remind them that they are not alone. An elderly who would often come to my meet-the-people sessions week after week with a different challenge, once stopped short and said, "I just want someone to know that I am still alive." More often than not, out of good intentions, we tend to share with our seniors, "It is dangerous, you should not do that, be careful." This deficit approach diminishes their confidence. As we reshape the ageing narrative, I hope we take a strengths-based approach to emphasise to our seniors what they can do. Finally, carers and caregivers have a crucial role in one's mental health journey, as their companionship and support are integral to persons in recovery. Where the person in recovery was a breadwinner, a carer may step in to take on additional financial responsibility as well as a new role, ensuring medical adherence. A person in recovery and carer's story is one of strength. Especially for ageing parents who care for their adult children with mental health conditions, it is testimony to unconditional love with little respect. I was heartened with the announcement in Budget 2025, that as part of the upcoming enhancements to the Home Caregiving Grant, the Government will raise the quantum and maximum qualifying per capita household income thresholds for the Home Caregiving Grant.[+1 sentence] At present, the qualifying criteria is based on someone permanently requiring some assistance with at least three of the six activities of daily living. In this term, I hope the Government will recognise caregivers to persons who have mental health conditions which render them unfit to work too.[+18 sentences] Such support, particularly for caregivers facing health or ageing challenges of their own would be much appreciated. : Sir, more than 40% of residents in Ang Mo Kio GRC are aged 60 and above. Our seniors possess invaluable experience and the nation's collective memory, having lived through pandemics and global crises. I deeply appreciate our seniors for often sharing their advice while their encouragement lifts my spirits. Many seniors have shared with me that they feel the pressures of change, such as declining health and retirement, which disrupt their daily routines. Additionally, they experience the loss of old friends and family members who, as they grow older, begin to live farther apart. The resilience they have built over the years has taught them to endure challenges, so feelings of distress are often kept hidden in silence. As a result, seniors may feel lonely. Some uncles have shared with me their desire to remain active. However, their spirits wane when they are beset by chronic illnesses that require ongoing attention. Sometimes, fading memory or hearing problems can also lead them to withdraw from others. Sir, we need to celebrate the resilience of our seniors. I am truly inspired, especially with grandmothers who can still work part-time, diligently cook and care for their grandchildren. For our seniors, I hope it will be easier for them to access mental health care so that it does not feel strange to them and we can mitigate their apprehension towards health screenings. Seniors must feel that seeing a doctor is akin to working with a personal coach who can improve their quality of life. As a community, we must go beyond traditional approaches and collaborate with various agencies to reach out to seniors. Places of worship like the Al-Mutaqqin Mosque have started efforts to engage elderly congregants through sharing on health topics and estate planning. These sessions are delivered in practical and sensitive ways by weaving together these topics with religious guidance. For seniors and those who care for them, even as the seasons of life change, this season can be just as beautiful. Many conditions can be treated if addressed early. Support is always available and many are willing to walk with you, accompanying you in every step of your journey. : Sir, as we weather international crises and uncertainties, we must protect the hearts and minds of our people. As our only national resource, a healthy population is key to the long-term stability and prosperity of Singapore. As we celebrate SG60 this year, I am reminded that our story has always been one of people who have stood together and overcome the odds.[+2 sentences] Indeed, it is a story of "we". Let us bring that same spirit to improve mental health. Every school, a place of nurture and safety; every workplace, a circle of purpose and care; every home, a source of strength and love; every neighbourhood, a compassionate community together.[+1 sentence] I support the Motion.
Mr Deputy Speaker3 words
[+1 sentence]Miss Rachel Ong.
Miss Rachel Ong (Tanjong Pagar)2445 words
[+13 sentences]Mr Deputy Speaker, every youth matters. I have had the joy of serving in youth work for 25 years. For much of that time, I thought I understood our young friends. But I no longer think so. The gap of understanding has widened and I do not like it. Their world is far more complex, shaped by pressures and influences my generation never had to face. I do not have children of my own, though I have many godchildren who I love very much, including some entrusted to me in their parents’ wills, which means, if anything happens to their parents, the children come to me. Their young lives remind me constantly of the responsibility we share for the next generation. The fight for the health of our youths is not for the fainthearted. Singapore’s Total Defence prepares us for attacks by air, land, sea, cyber and even threats to our social cohesion. Yet, one dangerous enemy is often overlooked – the battle for our youths’ minds and hearts. If we fail to recognise this war, we cannot win it. Today, I will speak on five fronts that demand our urgent attention. First, vaping deterrence, an alarming trend among our youths.[+1 sentence] Mr Deputy Speaker, I thank the Ministry of Health, the Ministry of Home Affairs and partner agencies for their tireless efforts to clamp down on Kpods and vapes. I also thank Minister Ong Ye Kung and Senior Minister of State Assoc Prof Faishal Ibrahim for addressing our recent Parliamentary Questions (PQs) and for the enhanced penalties announced on 1 September.[+10 sentences] I also appreciate the balanced approach that allows those who step forward to seek help to do so without fear of punishment. At the same time, some youth workers have shared that uncertainty remains on whether they will be penalised if they step forward post-1 September, especially for probationers who cannot risk being marked for another offence. If those guiding our youths have questions, it will naturally be more difficult for our youths themselves to come forward with confidence. While swift enforcement is both necessary and commendable, we must also engage stakeholders working with youths, so that implementation is smooth and effective. If our intent is restorative, which I believe it is, then our public communications must clearly reflect this. I have also heard of secondary school students who were involved in selling vapes to classmates before 1 September. Can the Government clarify whether those who voluntarily surrender stock, not just the users, would also be supported if they step forward? Deterrence alone is not sufficient. In July this year, I was notified that a primary school boy in Dover was approached by an older youth to buy vapes, a shock to parents. National figures reinforce these fears. Students caught vaping jumped from 800 in 2022 to more than 3,100 each year between 2022 and 2024. Despite concerns raised in Parliament since 2021, the problem has worsened. Education and enforcement were attempted, yet numbers rose, and drug-laced Kpods slipped through.[+9 sentences] Before the ban, TikTok videos of youths vaping to music and dance went viral. Vaping became a flex, a social badge. It was normalised online, which partly explains its explosion in popularity. Our Internet-savvy youths also find overseas articles and even AI chat responses, portraying vaping as a “safer” alternative to cigarettes. On social media, it is marketed as stylish and modern, while Singapore’s ban can seem, to them, as odd as our chewing gum prohibition. In the words of a 16-year-old, "Social media’s voice is way louder than the school’s.” Meanwhile, predators continue to adapt. In the UK, youths are already moving from vapes to nicotine pouches and snus. Alarmingly, some websites even advertise direct delivery to Singapore, in open defiance of our laws. As at 3.00 pm today, I am happy to read that the Health Science Authority and the Infocomm Development Agency have since blocked the said website.[+34 sentences] I had raised a PQ this past Monday. As guardians of our young, we must stay one step ready and ahead of this battle. Mr Deputy Speaker, many youths vape not only out of curiosity, but to cope with stress, boredom, relational and family conflict, or academic pressures. If we punish behaviours but ignore distress, we fail our children. That is why the battle against vaping cannot be separated from the broader fight for mental health, which I will return to later in my speech. Mr Deputy Speaker, if vaping reflects one form of pressure, another that cuts even deeper into the lives of our young is bullying, whether in the classroom or online. Bullying in schools, both physical and online, compounds the stresses our youths already face. Some victims may not even recognise they are being bullied, blaming themselves as "not enough". I thank Education Minister Desmond Lee and his team for spearheading efforts to review MOE's approach to tackling bullying in schools. It is worth noting from the National Institute of Education's survey that many students confide first in parents or friends, rather than teachers. This is not a reflection of our teachers' commitment. They work tirelessly and often go beyond the classroom to support our students. Rather, it shows that prevention cannot rest on teachers alone. Parents and peers must also be equipped, so they know how to respond and whether the student is the bully or the victim. Several youths have shared that they hold back from reporting bullying, not because they do not care, but because they fear being labelled a "snitch" or a "busybody". This silence allows harm to continue. A larger mindset shift is needed amongst students themselves, to see speaking up not as a betrayal, but as courage for standing for what is right. I would like to ask: first, will there be standardised training for students, parents and teachers on prevention and intervention? Second, can students report incidents safely and anonymously? If so, how? Third, are definitions of bullying versus mischief clear and when must cases be escalated to parents or MOE? The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization's (UNESCO's) review shows that the most successful countries do not stop at passing clear laws prohibiting all forms of harm. They pair those laws with comprehensive interventions: age-appropriate equipping of students; training for every adult in the school environment – teachers, cleaners and canteen staff; strong support systems for victims and active engagement with parents. Finland's KiVa programme is a strong example. It mobilises pro-social classmates to stand with victims and empowers bystanders to intervene. Closer to home, upper primary students have shared that hearing peers talk about resolved bullying cases is especially powerful. It shows that they are not alone, that help is possible and that change can happen. Given the dynamics of school bullying, peer involvement is not optional. It is essential to the restorative journey. Singapore should review our anti-bullying programmes to glean lessons from such models and adopt a more holistic approach. One that not only addresses bullies but supports victims and reshapes school culture to protect and defend every child. Mr Deputy Speaker, if bullying exposes the vulnerabilities of school life, social media magnifies them. Social media today is not just a distraction, it has become a powerful force – shaping identity, relationships and the mental and physical well-being of our young. It influences how they see themselves and how they connect with others, and how they measure their own worth. An IMH survey in September 2024 revealed that one in three youths aged 15 to 35 experience severe, or extremely severe, depression, anxiety or stress. Among the key drivers are excessive social media use, body image concerns and cyberbullying.[+1 sentence] Where a child once found refuge at home, bullying now follows them into their bedrooms through their phones. The home, once a sanctuary, has become another battlefield. This is why I continue to urge delaying social media exposure until at least age 16.[+29 sentences] Around the world, governments are moving. France now recommends a ban on social media under 15, and other EU countries are exploring similar steps. Could the Government update us on its study of Australia's approach? A teen once told CNA that social media feels like "drugs under the disguise of harmless entertainment". If vapes harm physically, unregulated social media harms mentally and emotionally. Anonymous comments and unrealistic portrayals of life shape how our youths see themselves and others. Social psychology shows that even witnessing online bullying can cause guilt, anxiety, fear and difficulty in forming a healthy sense of self. Our children live with this daily, even when they are not the direct targets. In this digital world, families remain the first line of defence. Conversations, clear limits and healthier alternatives matter, even amid work pressures. A child told his parents, "I wish I was your phone," reflecting the longing for their time and attention. It speaks volumes about the need for adults to model well and lead at home. There are encouraging examples. In Portland, a mother who refused to give her 10-year-old a smartphone revived a household landline. Within months, 15-20 families followed. What seemed old-fashioned turned liberating. Children greeted parents before calling friends, memorised numbers and listened attentively instead of scrolling while talking. It reminded me of my growing-up years, when picking up the phone meant looking forward to an engaging conversation where you can see the smiles and the frowns of the person across the line, and the pause as a friend thought to respond before they spoke. A 14-year-old girl shared her gratitude for her mom who restricted her use of social media, having witnessed the constant comparison that left many of her peers anxious. We must not miss this point. Youths turn to social media for connection, entertainment or relief from school and life pressures. That is why our approach to responsible use cannot be separated from supporting their mental health. Ironically, many youths turn to, as medicine, social media, often deepens the very struggle they try to escape. Just as Healthier SG takes a preventive approach to physical health, we need a national programme that prepares youths for the mental and emotional impact of digital life, in ways that resonate with them. When asked about school programmes on responsible social media, a 16-year-old replied, "What your friends say is more effective than what the school says." We must change how we engage. Australia's Mental Health First Aid often described as "CPR for Emotional Emergencies". It equips ordinary people, including youths, to recognise distress and offer immediate support until professional help is available. Singapore could adapt such an approach and enhance peer support. To protect our youths, I urge one decisive response: legislation to delay social media access until at least age 16.[+8 sentences] This requires robust age verification, strict time limits and phone-free zones among other measures we must explore. Policy may not change the human heart, but it can draw firm boundaries, reinforce social norms and give parents the authority to say, "not yet". Mr Deputy Speaker, as we strengthen support for all youths, we must be especially mindful of those who carry sharper and double burdens, our youths with disabilities. I first met this autistic boy when he was 16 and I was in my 20s, which is about 100 years ago. Over the past 25 years, I have been very blessed by this friendship. He has taught me what kindness is, what compassion looks like and what it means to have a childlike faith that never grows jaded. Through him, I learnt to see persons with disabilities with new eyes. My hope is that you, too, will have the privilege to get to know persons with disabilities, not the "hi-and-bye" kind of knowing, but the kind where you share meals, walk alongside them and do life together. Youths with disabilities face sharper struggles and are two to three times more likely than their peers to experience mental health difficulties.[+5 sentences] Many retreat online in search of connection, only to encounter comparison, stress, addiction and deeper insecurity. This leaves them carrying a double stigma: disability and mental health. Gaps also remain in professional understanding. Often, depression in youths with disabilities is dismissed as part of the disability. Autistic youths, for example, may have genuine mental health conditions wrongly attributed solely to autism. When this happens, mental health needs go untreated and may worsen over time.[+1 sentence] The reality is stark. These youths fight two battles: disability, and the disbelief that their sadness deserves help. The caregivers, too, shoulder immense caregiving responsibilities and stress.[+1 sentence] This constant strain directly affects their ward's well-being, deepening the mental health challenges they face. Having ratified the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities in 2013, Singapore must now ensure that our National Mental Health and Well-Being Strategy is fully disability-inclusive through the Enabling Masterplan.[+14 sentences] I was especially encouraged at this year's 60th National Day Parade, witnessing how intentional the entire parade was, including persons with disabilities and with the sign language thoughtfully woven throughout the programme. This marks the true progress of a nation, one that leaves no one behind. Mr Deputy Speaker, I have spoken on four battlelines where protection must be strengthened. Let me close with the fifth front: my vision for our youths in Singapore. Mr Deputy Speaker, when I look at our youths, I see courage and compassion. I see them caring for their families, honouring parents, loving siblings and convinced that family is worth fighting for. I see young people brave enough to stand up for their friends and rooted in healthy relationships. I see youths who embrace education as a privilege, ending each day with purpose. I see young people celebrating the success of others and enjoying wholesome fun in music, sports and nature, without coarse joking or degrading remarks. I see them whole in school, home and community, skilled and committed to lifelong learning. I see them recognising that they are part of Singapore's future, thriving in their talents, bold and creative in attempting new things. I see our young friends resilient and brave in uncertainty, building ideas, products and services that help our communities flourish. Above all, I see youths who know that blessing the less fortunate is a privilege, and who treat resources and knowledge as a trust, to be used generously in the service of others. Mr Deputy Speaker, to preserve, defend and protect our youths is to secure Singapore's future. Our strength lies not in Reserves or capabilities alone, but in young Singaporeans who are tough-minded, yet tender-hearted.[+2 sentences] Let us act wisely and decisively, for our youths to lead our Singapore into a stronger future. Mr Deputy Speaker, I support the Motion.
Mr Deputy Speaker3 words
[+1 sentence]Mr Victor Lye.
Mr Victor Lye (Ang Mo Kio)2030 words
[+4 sentences]Mr Deputy Speaker, Sir, my road to this esteemed House has been a long one, but better late than never. Over the last 25 years, ground-up, every house visit, kopitiam conversation and community walkabout has reinforced my belief that Singapore is special because of the resilience and trust of our people. When I first declined the invitation to enter politics in 1996, I had just become the managing director of an investment firm. I did not know where my heart truly was. In 1998 during the Asian Financial Crisis, I was asked to retrench staff but refused, proposing instead that senior management take a pay cut to save jobs. Because I stood up for others, I was retrenched myself.[+7 sentences] I counselled those retrenched at a fast food outlet for weeks and to boost morale, I helped the most important person in my firm – our tea lady – secure a new job, which she kept until her retirement. This painful experience brought me back to the ground. In 1999, I began volunteering in Aljunied GRC to help those in need, even when I disagreed with some policies. When a strong PAP team was forsaken in 2011, I stepped forward. By then, after walking the ground for years, I knew where my heart truly was. 路遥知马力，日久见人心, or "As distance tests a horse's strength, time reveals a person's heart". To work the ground, I quit my CEO-level job in 2012. Later, when I tried to re-enter the workforce, I experienced what some Singaporean PMETs face – rejection, uncertainty and the pain of starting over. While I believe in an open economy, we must ensure employment practices that are fair and build up our Singaporean Core.[+16 sentences] Once, I remember interviewing candidates for a position. Strangely, they all seemed to come from the same company. I asked my staff to ensure they were kept separate and seemingly, they were pushed out, quietly displaced. Together with my early years as a policy-maker in Government, these first-hand, ground experiences help me empathise and understand the real-world challenges faced by our people. In Aljunied GRC, we worked hard, day-to-day between general elections, outside of Parliament. When offered the chance to contest elsewhere, I chose to stay and sent my team mate instead. Having contested not once, but twice, facing the opposition’s leadership team, I feel like this is my third term. The Leader of the Opposition and his team know how hard we work the ground. So much so, they coined the term “2-for-the-price-of-1”. Vote the WP and get the PAP for free. I have had more than my fair share of Aljunied voters who appreciated our groundwork and want the PAP to form the Government, but sheepishly confessed they voted to check on the PAP. It may be one vote. But together, as the Chinese saying goes, 杀鸡取卵. In other words, killing the goose that lays the golden eggs. With greater political contestation, we must guard against populist ideas presented by those who do not have to be in the driver's seat. As we can see in many mature democracies, eventually the interests of the country and of its people will be overridden by self-preservation, division and instability. With the interplay of digital media and geopolitics, I ask our hon Members across the aisle to assure us they will reject any external influence on our domestic politics.[+22 sentences] Taken together, Singapore voters are rational and want an opposition voice. But I ask Singaporeans to demand from the opposition the same high standards that they expect from the PAP. Sir, I am here, thanks to the voters of Ang Mo Kio GRC. I also am grateful for the support of Aljunied GRC residents, our activists and volunteers over the years. To our teams now serving in Aljunied and Sengkang GRCs and in Hougang SMC, I say, jiayou! Sir, over the years, I have had the privilege of seeing children grow up in our community. Some were still in school when I first met them at community centres or during house visits. Today, many of them are young adults, newly married, setting up homes and even raising their toddlers. During my walkabouts, quite a few – showing photographs taken with me stored in their phones – tell me they now live in Buangkok-Fernvale South, the newly constituted ward within Ang Mo Kio GRC where I now serve. It reminds me of our responsibility to ensure that Singapore continues to be a place where families can thrive and where every child can do better than the generation before. Ultimately, the Singaporean brand of politics must be about making Singaporeans’ lives better. As a small, resource-scarce, accidental nation, we arose out of adversity. Singapore is not the result of populist ideas, but of hard, long-term decisions built on trust between our people and our leaders. Today, that trust remains the core of our social compact. We must lead with resolve and heart: honouring our seniors, upskilling our people, uplifting the vulnerable, supporting families and inspiring our youths. Let me talk about the following issues: access to affordable food, unlocking our silver dividend, education to shift from answers to questions and from gross domestic product (GDP) to gross national product (GNP). Sir, I empathise with Singaporeans who worry about the cost of living. With my late parents’ love-language of food and memories of my siblings squabbling over one fried egg, I want food in Singapore to unite and not divide. “Affordable food” means different things to different people. Left undefined, it can distort the perceptions of the cost of living. Like many Singaporeans, I am concerned about the rentals, hawker retirements and stall closures. But we must avoid conflating these arguments and be clearer about the cooked food segments that we are talking about. For instance, we can see four distinct parts: one, the National Environment Agency (NEA) and the Socially-Conscious Enterprise Hawker Centres (SEHCs); two, HDB rented coffeeshops after 1998; three, HDB private coffeeshops sold before 1998; and four, private F&B sector, where you have food courts, restaurants and so on.[+2 sentences] Sir, private F&B and HDB private coffeeshops should be left rightly to market forces. However, we should ensure fair tenancy practices and discourage speculative investment behaviour. NEA/SEHC hawker centres as well as HDB rented coffeeshops should be our social kitchens and community spaces. These two segments are where we must ensure access to affordable food, protect our hawkers’ livelihoods and strengthen our social compact.[+2 sentences] More than cost, we should look at revenue. Our food is our asset. Why not re-imagine our hawker culture as a tourism product, with cooking classes, food trails and heritage tours in our heartlands?[+33 sentences] If we can increase the average length of stay of a tourist just by one day, the multiplier effects on our economy would be significant. We must support also traditional foods which will otherwise disappear in this new economic environment. In my constituency, I had begun discussing a pilot heritage project to support our merchants and bring more vibrancy to our community with ad hoc work that will inspire our youths and engage our seniors, under my umbrella concept called Community Workfare. That brings me to the next topic of unlocking our silver dividend. Sir, our seniors are an untapped strength. Many still want to contribute – not just in formal jobs, but in mentoring, caregiving and community life. At a recent community event, I met Abdullah bin Ali, a retiree who teaches gardening at our Home Nursing Foundation Active Ageing Centre in Buangkok Crescent, not because he has to, but because, in his own words, “If I can stay active and share my knowledge, why not?” Or take Mdm Sandy Goh, who despite her own challenges, has rallied seniors to support food rescue programmes, first with me at Bedok Reservoir and Hougang, and now, in my new ward of Buangkok-Fernvale South. This spirit of staying active, giving back and finding new meaning is the silver dividend we must unlock, where ageing is not a sunset, but a second spring. To our youths, our education should move from answers to questions. Sir, a young student recently asked me, “If I can use AI, why do I still need to study?” Exams do not define potential. In this AI-era, it is not the answers we give but the questions we must ask. Are our primary classrooms supporting how children's brains actually learn best? I recall in my primary school how we were repeatedly drilled for the PSLE. One classmate was always slower to answer and often punished by being made to stand on his desk. It was traumatic for him, and painful for us to witness. He did not do so well in the PSLE. Yet, in later life, he rose to become a respected editor of a major publication. That experience reminds us that one exam does not define a child and one-size-fits-all teaching can sometimes wound more than it uplifts. Every child learns differently. Brain-based pedagogy is rooted in respect for the learner, that each child’s brain learns through meaning, emotion and connection, not just by rote memory. Many parents will know the helpless feeling, like me, of being unable to solve a math problem alongside their primary school child. Instead of pushing both parent and child to frustration, imagine a system where adaptive AI helps the child practice at his own pace, while the teacher steps in as a coach in confidence. Our challenge is not to teach more, but to teach differently, supported by adaptive AI tools and teacher-as-coach models. We must invest boldly in every child, because with fewer children, each one matters more. Unlike the repeated refrain of calling for a smaller class size, we should be advocating how we cater to different learning styles and behaviours. Class size, the teaching environment and pedagogy are the derivatives. If we fail to make this shift, the risk is clear. Affluent parents will move ahead with AI-driven personalised learning outside our school system, while the rest of our children remain in rote-based pathways. That will widen social divides. With AI, do we want an education system that hardens inequality, or one that allows each child to learn with confidence? For the economic strategy, we should look at GNP instead of GDP. For the past 60 years, Singapore measured growth by GDP, building ourselves into a global hub. I say, for the next 60 years, we should also track GNP.[+1 sentence] How Singaporeans can benefit directly from growth, not just from home, but also abroad. This shifts from what Singapore produces to what Singaporeans earn. We should move beyond attracting just foreign direct investment flows to maximising Singaporeans' participation in global value chains.[+18 sentences] Our economic strategy must not only attract activity to Singapore, but also build pathways for Singaporeans, especially our youths, to participate meaningfully in global value chains. We should encourage Singapore firms to internationalise and count their overseas income as part of our national strength. Look at the region, look at the world with technology. Singaporeans, we are not confined to our own borders. Our companies, our professionals, our entrepreneurs, all should be increasingly international. By placing more weight on GNP, we shift our focus from the size of the pie on our shores to the larger share that our people can enjoy beyond Singapore. Mr Deputy Speaker, sir, GDP will always remain a useful measure of our hub vibrancy. But as we look to the next 60 years, it is time we look for growth beyond our shores. From what is produced in Singapore to what Singaporeans earn globally. That is the shift from GDP to GNP. In closing, sir, to keep Singapore special, we must maintain strong trust between our people and our leaders. And I say across the aisle, Singaporeans must demand the same high standards and accountability as they expect of us. Our President has spoken. It is not what we say, but what we do. More than what we achieve is what we inspire. In this House across both aisles, let us work together to build better lives and livelihoods for all Singaporeans. Let us keep Singapore special. Sir, I support the Motion.
Mr Deputy Speaker14 words
[+1 sentence]Mr Dennis Tan. Mr Dennis Tan, you might want to switch on your microphone.
Mr Dennis Tan Lip Fong (Hougang)76 words
[+3 sentences]I am sorry about that. Thank you, Mr Deputy Speaker. I would like to respond to the hon Member, Mr Lye's comments in his speech. So, on behalf of the WP, I refer him to our 26 April 2025 statement, that in particular, we the WP are firmly committed to Singapore's secular, multiracial and multi-religious society, and to protecting the integrity of our electoral process, and in particular, we reject foreign influence in our electoral process.
Mr Deputy Speaker3 words
[+1 sentence]Mr Victor Lye.
Mr Victor Lye10 words
[+2 sentences]Sir, I thank the Member for his affirmation. Thank you.
The Senior Parliamentary Secretary to the Minister for Finance and Minister for Manpower (Mr Shawn Huang Wei Zhong)1860 words
[+13 sentences]Mr Deputy Speaker, those of my generation would remember the legendary moment when Arnold Schwarzenegger T-800, Terminator says in a stoic manner, "I’ll be back", before crashing through barriers, or the words of "Hasta La Vista" before shattering the nanobot that was cryogenically frozen. That unmistakable six-note rhythm, "a mechanical man and his heartbeat", evokes an unstoppable force. Today, Singapore stands before such a force, the rise of the intelligent robotics. In early 2021, I spoke about machine learning, artificial intelligence and the importance of investing for our future growth. This was four years ago, two years before the introduction of ChatGPT. Today, gen AI, Agentic and Predictive AI are prevalent and with some enthusiasm. The important question today is where is the return on invesment for AI? What are AI’s core revenue drivers and contributions to the economy and society? Soon, the world will be moving on downstream to intelligent robotics. The evolution of the First and the Fifth Industrial Revolution shows the shift from steam-powered mechanisation to intelligent, people-focused industries. The First used steam for manufacturing, the Second introduced electricity and mass production, the Third brought computers and automation, the Fourth leveraged AI and smart technologies. The emerging Fifth Industrial Revolution integrates advanced technologies like AI, robotics, and Internet of Things in a collaborative human-machine environment. Going forward, intelligent robotics will define our future and our quality of life. The global robotics and automation market today exceeds US$75 billion, set to double by 2030 and reach a staggering US$375 billion by 2035.[+1 sentence] This double-digit growth, led by manufacturing, healthcare and mobility, is transforming industries. According to PwC, by 2030, the impact of intelligent robotics could inject up to US$15.7 trillion into the global economy, nearly double the future market size of oil and gas and pharmaceuticals combined.[+10 sentences] Nvidia CEO Jensen Huang predicts that up to a billion human-like robots could help power industries by 2035, collaborating with humans, not just replacing them. The drivers are clear, ageing populations, shrinking workforces, escalating costs, intense global competition. Worldwide, leaders are channeling resources like R&D, start-up ecosystems, and forward-thinking policies. For governments and businesses, the imperative is simple, invest in intelligent robotics or risk being left behind. This is not science fiction. The revolution is here. Amazon fields more than 750,000 robots in its warehouses. Walmart has turned its fulfilment centres fully autonomous. Tesla’s humanoid Optimus now works inside factories, Starship Technologies and Ocado deploy fleets of service robots, autonomous tractors are tending fields, and this very year, Beijing will open the world’s first humanoid robot dealership. How will these technologies impact our day-to-day life and shape the way that we live and work? The “brain” and “body”, which is the compute and mechanisation, are converging, robots lift, deliver, cook and even provide rides. There is an exceptional untapped market, where up to US$50 trillion of manual labour worldwide, that is waiting to be transformed.[+5 sentences] Today, Waymo provides 250,000 self-driving rides each week in the US. Tesla’s pilot robotaxi is now live in Austin. And UBTech will soon be selling home-service humanoids for US$20,000. But why now? Because technology costs have fallen off a cliff. Light Detection and Ranging, better known as LIDAR, once costing US$75,000, now sells for less than US$200, GPS receivers and proximity sensors now cost less than a cup of coffee.[+5 sentences] It is a tipping point, suddenly, advanced robotics are not just possible, they are practical and affordable for every sector. For Singapore, intelligent robotics is a necessity and a strategic imperative, against external shocks, labour shortages and global headwinds. By adopting intelligent robotics, resource-constrained economies like ours are poised to capture the front wave of development. To seize this future, we must secure manufacturing and development capabilities that enable intelligent robotics, such as high-performance processors, sensors, data centers, advanced telecoms, batteries, powering the next generation of solutions. While we are among the world’s most robotics-dense economies, we cannot afford to be complacent. China, Japan, South Korea, the EU and the US are investing tens of billions to build their robotics and high-tech leadership.[+28 sentences] We cannot just be a procurer and an implementor of intelligent robotics, we must be at the centre of it. Our answer must be bold, collective, or risk being left behind. What is the real threat here? With intelligent robotics, how will global and regional economies transform and position themselves? What will most likely happen to these economies? The most plausible socio-economic model, will have two distinct parts. The first part, domestically, one would see a country building a well-paced, progressive adoption of intelligent robotics, where collaboration between humans and robots, enable augmentation and amplification of capabilities. This enhances quality of life and secures the individuals’ economic value. A balanced socio-economic development. However, when there is an opportunity to reap the maximum economic benefit in pursuit of national interest, especially for trans-national trade and global economic value chain, outwardly, these economies will organise differently. This is the second part. It is only advantageous to develop an ultra high-performance intelligent machine economy that deploys autonomous, highly effective, efficient intelligent systems that can deliver high quality goods and services. With intelligent robotics, economies can solve, not a dilemma, not a tri-lemma but a quad-lemma of delivering value in terms of quality, cost, speed and creativity. This will become their sharp edge of global competitiveness. With the combination of these two parts of the model, it will enable a country to excel in inclusive growth and remain globally competitive. However, the reality sets in when economies compete on this sharp edge, which is amplified and multiplied by intelligent robotics, limited only by the access to clean and renewable energy, and access to raw materials, the most efficient and effective machine economy will eventually be able to out produce in terms of quality, cost, speed and creativity. Smaller or less developed economies may experience challenges as their industries struggle to compete with larger-scale, more efficient, or lower cost autonomous production. This does not only affect smaller or less developed economies. History is replete with the disruption of new manufacturing technology. We see the transition of the textile industry in the US in the early 2000s. The Swiss watch industry which exported 30 million units in Year 2000, but today only exports half the units. Many more examples such as Solar, Steel, Wind turbines. Today, we observe how Germany a global car manufacturing and export Juggernaut, ironically, has an increasing trade deficit in the automotive industry, which it used to dominate. The world will witness growing protectionism, trade disputes and even political backlash as countries struggle to defend strategic industries and societal interests against relentless machine-driven competition. But these efforts will be futile attempts. How do we ensure that Singapore and Singaporeans are not left behind? We must stay ahead of the development curve and pursue it with conviction. To secure the future in the machine economy with intelligent robotics, Singapore must act. First, we must accelerate innovation and strengthen our infrastructure, by doubling national investments in robotics, AI, and secure digital networks, enabling regulatory sandboxes so promising solutions can be developed, tested and scaled right here. Second, we must invest boldly in our people, expanding lifelong learning, SkillsFuture programmes and establishing new apprenticeship pathways, so every worker, whatever their age or background, can skill up for the machine age. Third, we must broaden participation, making sure SMEs have the tools to automate, supporting businesses that use technology to uplift older workers and those with disabilities, driving inclusion as the new norm. Fourth, we must have a strategy to overcome the limiting factor, the access to clean, affordable energy and raw materials.[+9 sentences] Finally, we must lead with trust and foresight, setting clear ethical and data governance standards and encourage open innovation, and develop the ability to anticipate and meet new risks. Thus far, we are progressing well. From the days of coolies at Boat Quay to fully automated container operations at Tuas Port, handling over 40 million containers in 2024. Autonomous vehicles, AI-driven cranes and digital intelligence let us punch above our weight, setting new global standards and future-proofing logistics jobs. At Changi, intelligent robotics will redefine traveller experiences, security, baggage and aircraft turnaround, making Terminal 5 the benchmark for global aviation efficiency. Our SMEs are transforming as well. Those of my generation will remember Prima Deli, a popular cake shop founded in 1992. It is still very popular today and is better known for its aroma of its freshly made waffles. It grew from a home-grown bakery to a franchise and now a factory that is constantly improving business automation and introducing intelligent robotics. With only 56 workers, this home-grown Singapore business produces more than 90,000 cakes a month, a paragon of punching above its weight and enabling many more to enjoy cakes that are of quality, reasonably priced and much creativity.[+19 sentences] The ability to tweak the recipes, maybe more dark chocolate but less sugar. This company is ready to scale and expand its operations domestically and regionally, bringing more jobs and opportunities for all. Prima Deli has the growth mindset, and it is all about growing the cake and sharing it. This is what "we" means. Growing stronger together. And We will build closely with our SMEs and our workers. We will not leave any Singaporean behind. The road ahead will be fraught with challenges and disruptions. There will be major shifts and displacement of routine and repetitive jobs, the creation of new roles and the reconfiguration of labor market toward higher-skilled and intelligent robotics. Workers will need to build entirely new skill sets, combining practical expertise with digital proficiency and adaptability. Never fear. We will be together on this journey like we have for the last 60 years. Just like how Tony Stark in Iron Man was hammering away, together, the first Iron Man suit in a cave with nothing but scraps, Ironman's journey has always symbolised resilience, adaptability and imagination. As new threats emerged, so did the need to reinvent. He created the Mark V "suitcase" armor, a portable suit designed for rapid deployment, and later, the Mark L nanotech suit, which could materialise weapons and tools on demand, adapting to dynamic threats in real-time. At every step, Iron Man did not retreat from complexity, but upgraded in response to it. The turning point came when he embedded J.A.R.V.I.S., an intelligent AI co-pilot, into his suits. No longer just metal and wires, the suits became an extension of both man and machine, working in seamless collaboration to solve problems faster, smarter and with greater precision. This spirit mirrors Singapore's own path from survival in scarcity to building a nation that reinvents itself at every junction, always with the future in mind. Just like that iconic scene from Terminator 2, where the machine descends into molten steel with a final resolute thumbs-up, it was not just an ending, but a symbol that the partnership between man and machine, forged in trust and sacrifice, can be one of hope. That is how we must face our future – not fearing the technological disruptions, but advancing with it, together.[+1 sentence] Mr Deputy Speaker, I support the Motion.
Mr Deputy Speaker5 words
[+1 sentence]Minister of State Desmond Choo.
The Minister of State for Defence (Mr Desmond Choo)1202 words
[+14 sentences]Mr Deputy Speaker, Sir, I rise today in support of the Motion of Thanks to our President. Every one of us knows a family sitting around their dining table, talking about the future. They see the headlines about global instability, about AI changing the world, and they worry. They ask the quiet questions we all ask. In a world of such turmoil, is my family's future secure? In an age of disruption, is there still a place for me? These are not abstract questions, Mr Deputy Speaker. They are real. They are heartfelt. The President's address gave us an answer. It was a confident, resounding "yes". And the reason for that answer is the very anchor of my speech today. It is our nation's secret weapon – our unique ability to pull together when the world is pulling apart. Tripartism, our model of unity, is more than just tradition, it is our answer to the future. Singapore's unique brand of tripartism – the collaboration among the Government, employers and unions – has long been the bedrock of our industrial relations and a key competitive advantage.[+20 sentences] At its core, tripartism is founded on a shared conviction to strive for industrial peace with justice. In the early days, our founding leaders stood at a crossroads. The world told them that for a union to be effective, it must be adversarial, locked in a perpetual struggle with employers and the government. It must at least be seen to be independent. They saw other nations crippled by this very conflict, caught in a zero-sum game of strikes and standoffs, where for one side to win, the other had to lose. In such a game, they knew a small nation like ours could never win. Our Pioneers chose a different path. A harder path, but a better path. Mr Lee Kuan Yew said in 1969 that "the unions of Singapore are not here to fight against management. They are here to work with management, to ensure that we survive, grow, and prosper together." Tripartism is not a zero-sum game. We believe in being partners of progress, not partisans in conflict. This philosophy of fair play and gain-sharing remains our compass – pro-worker, pro-business and pro-future. This partnership is built on more than just economic pragmatism. It is built on a shared moral conviction. Mr Deputy Speaker, the President challenged us to question deep-seated assumptions about what constitutes valuable work. This speaks to the very soul of our Labour Movement. It is a promise we keep towards our lower-wage workers, from our cleaners to our security officers, like what labour MP Melvin Yong had said too. For years, these workers had worked hard but saw their wages stagnate. They worried about their families' future. Today, because of the Progressive Wage Model (PWM), they are not just earning a better wage.[+10 sentences] They have been trained to be more productive and could take on better jobs – a team supervisor, for example. The PWM did not just give them a bigger paycheck, it gave them a new sense of pride, a new set of skills and a new answer to their worries about the future. That is the soul of our movement. We do not just talk about dignity. We build pathways to it, one worker at a time. The success of this model hinges on mutual trust and respect fostered through consistent engagement and a shared commitment to national interests. Our reservoir of trust was not built in times of ease. It was forged in the crucible of crisis. From the 1985 recession, when unions accepted wage cuts that were later restored, to the 2008 Global Financial Crisis, with its "cut costs to save jobs" philosophy. During COVID-19, our tripartite partners showed they were willing to make difficult decisions for the greater good. For example, instead of implementing layoffs, DBS Bank worked closely with DBS Staff Union to assure workers, to sustain business continuity and career resilience, hiring more than 2,000 people, including 1,000 new roles for fresh graduates and mid-career PMEs pivoting into technology roles.[+6 sentences] This spirit of "we first" is the bedrock that allows us to face today's challenges with unity and confidence. Mr Goh Chok Tong once said, "We can never take tripartism for granted. It is a precious asset that has taken years of trust-building." This reservoir of trust is what enables us to face new challenges today – global instability, trade wars and the transformative impact of AI. In a turbulent world, Singapore's stability and predictability are rare advantages. Our unionists are at the core of this effort. The 1969 Modernisation Seminar set aside confrontation for collaboration, a turning point that enabled decades of progress. Likewise, today, union leaders prepare the way for transformation by serving on the boards of economic agencies, on national task forces, and in Company Training Committees, aligning workers' training with business transformation.[+13 sentences] When they walk into those tough negotiations, they do not just bring charts and figures. They bring the stories of our people with them. They are the ones who can look a CEO in the eye and say, "Let me tell you about the family that is struggling to keep up with their bills." They bring the reality of the coffeeshop into the conference room. They mobilise the ground in support of national strategies, thereby increasing our chances of success. In difficult conversations like the annual National Wages Council negotiations, our union leaders keep us honest by reflecting workers' anxieties about the cost of living, and by advocating for fair gains-sharing and just transitions. This insider role allows unionists to shape policy for the better, not just criticise from the sidelines. Every time a unionist helps a retrenched worker find a new job, they are not just finding a salary, they are restoring a person's dignity. Every time they ensure fair gains-sharing, they are strengthening our social fabric. They are the guardians of fairness, the champions of opportunity. They are the ones on the ground, every single day, building the "we first" society the President spoke about, one worker at a time. This reflects what Senior Minister Lee Hsien Loong once said, "Our unions are not afraid to speak up for workers, but they do so in a constructive spirit, with the long-term interest of workers and the nation at heart." We have seen this in practice. Earlier this year, the Union of Security Employees (USE), which I advise, weighed in on Certis' policy requiring its frontline workforce on medical leave to share their live location. Following our engagement, Certis agreed to stop the practice and brought in USE to strengthen communications and workplace practices. At the same time, the union supported Certis' technological transformation through the CTC Grant, enhancing both company productivity and workers' wages above the PWM increases. As each new generation of leaders emerges, so must new understandings of how we work together to bring Singapore forward. We were heartened when then-Deputy Prime Minister Lawrence Wong joined NTUC to launch our Workers' Compact in 2023, declaring that NTUC is the most important partner of the Government. That statement touched the hearts of our unionists and signaled clearly the 4G leadership's commitment to this partnership.
[Mr Speaker in the Chair]1731 words
[+120 sentences]NTUC will continue to support the PAP Government in securing growth, futureproofing our workforce and addressing new needs that arise. Our support must be anchored in a shared commitment to the welfare of our workers. We treasure our duty as our workers' keeper. This means there will be times we disagree on the path forward. It means having the courage to tell the Government when a policy, however well-intentioned, will hurt our workers on the ground. We will continue to be unabashed in our feedback, because true partnership is not defined by the absence of disagreement, but by the strength to work through it to find the best outcome for Singapore and Singaporeans. And the challenges will be tough. The President outlined the immense change brought about by AI. In some countries, this has predictably caused deep anxiety as workers see jobs being shed almost daily. Mr Speaker, our hallmark tripartism is what enables us to face the great challenge of our time – the transformative impact of AI. Let me take some time to share about a man I met recently at a job fair. This job fair happened after a retrenchment. We will call him Alex. He was at a job fair and I was there to see how I can help them find a job. At the scene, you could see good people wrestling with uncertainty and disappointment. Alex was retrenched after the wave of digitisation and AI changed the business landscape. Alex is in his early 50s, but he has got the energy of someone half his age. I spoke to him. He told me his story, which I cannot shake. He said, "I knew this day was coming." For 10 years, he saw the world changing. So, he did what he was supposed to do. He took courses. He earned diplomas on his own time. Certificates. After long days at work. He tried to get ahead of the curve. He played by all the rules. But it was not enough. He still could not find a safer job, a growth job in the company. He did everything we ask of our workers, yet he felt like he was running in place, on a treadmill. And as he spoke, I could hear the one thing that chips away at a person's soul – the feeling that your hard work does not count anymore. Alex's story is not just one man's story. It can be the tripartite story. It can be the Singapore story. It is the story we have to write the next chapter for, right now. Because this wave of AI is not just another technology. It is a force that is asking us a fundamental question: what kind of economy or country do we want to be? Do we want to be a place where technology creates a world of winners and losers, where hardworking people like Alex get left behind? Or do we want to build a future where technology serves all of us, where innovation lifts everyone up? I think the answer is clear. But it will not happen on its own. It requires a choice. It requires a new commitment. That commitment must start with a skills-first approach. It is a promise that what you do matters more than the piece of paper you hold, that your potential to learn is more valuable than the credential you have. It is a promise that if you put in the work, like Alex did, it will lead to somewhere real – a better job, a better wage, a better life. For employers, it means shifting focus from paper qualifications to practical capabilities. It is about hiring, rewarding and promoting based on what an individual can do and learn, not just what their qualification says. It is about being intentional in our training. Workers such as Alex should not have to train fruitlessly. It is about involving the worker in building the transformation plan together. For workers, it means taking ownership of your career health, continuously building new competencies and staying agile enough to pivot to new roles. The Labour Movement is fully committed to working on this approach with our tripartite partners. Our mission has always been to protect our workers through every economic wave, and the age of AI is no different. We do have a successful Singaporean model to follow. Imagine being a prime mover driver at our port for over 20 years. You take pride in your job. Then one day, you hear that this thing called the automated guided vehicle (AGV), a robot, is coming to do what you do. Mohamed Rahaizad Bin Hassan, a prime mover driver was one of those faced with this reality. In many places around the world, that is where the story ends – in conflict, strikes and lost livelihoods, like the paralysing port strikes we saw in the US in 2024. There, the International Longshoremen's Association saw automation as a threat to be fought. They launched a strike across US East and Gulf Coast ports. But in Singapore, because of the deep trust between our Singapore Port Workers Union (SPWU) and PSA, we chose to write a different ending. Years before the first AGV was put in operation in Tuas, they sat down together. They mapped out every affected job. They planned a journey of reskilling. The driver was not replaced. He was upskilled. Today, Mohamed Rahaizad is an Operations Supervisor with better working life and wages. And AVs are making our ports more productive than ever. We turned a story of fear into a story of opportunity. This is the power of our partnership. The power of tripartism and trust. Thus, we have clear principles to follow in the incorporation of AI and automation. It is to be transparent, be fair, be worker-centric. First, tripartite partners must work closely together to chart a common path. That means being transparent in the transformation and involving the unions and workers to forge a transition pathway. Second, workers must be given fair gains from improvements in productivity. Quite frankly, a world in which only shareholders and a select few benefit from economic transformation is neither desirable nor sustainable. Third, we must be worker-centric to adopt a just transition for Singapore and the Singaporean worker. This embraces a "we first" mentality and culture and put it to work. At the heart of this AI transformation are our people. Let us commit together to building a future where technology serves humanity, where our companies thrive and where every worker can look ahead with confidence and dignity. Mr Speaker, in Chinese, please. (In Mandarin): In today's turbulent world, AI brings many impacts and concerns. Singapore's ability to survive and thrive depends on our unique tripartism between labour, management and Government: the Government, employers and unions working hand in hand to overcome difficulties together. As Mr Lee Kuan Yew said, unions are not here to fight management, but to work together with management to ensure that we survive, grow and prosper together. In past economic crises, we chose to put "country before self", which brought us today's stability and prosperity. Facing the transformation brought by AI, unions will not leave workers to fight alone. NTUC will continue to accompany every worker, upgrading skills together, protecting employment and sharing benefits fairly. As long as we uphold the spirit of "greater good" and stand shoulder to shoulder, Singapore workers will surely weather the storm and welcome a brighter tomorrow. : Mr Speaker, Sir, my fellow labour MPs have also shared the various concerns about the key issues that must be dealt with to support workers in this term of Government. Let me highlight two other areas of focus. First, supporting our youth and future workforce. Our unionists have gone down to many campuses to meet with our young Singaporeans. Just between April and July alone, the NTUC engaged 12,000 youths across our Institutes of Higher Learning. We heard their anxieties about skills gaps, weaker hiring sentiment and AI’s impact on entry-level roles. Their anxieties are real and we must double down to support them. To complement the Government's GRIT programme, NTUC Youth is equipping young jobseekers with job search skills, networking and mentorship, while e2i expands targeted career fairs. We must also consider expanding our SkillsFuture Mid-Career Training Allowances to younger workers. In addition, we must broaden and expand upon Career Conversion Programmes to equip them for AI and sustainability-related roles. Second, managing economic restructuring. Restructuring must always prioritise workers' well-being. Past lessons, such as the Public Transport Tripartite Committee's approach during the bus contracting model, show how deep engagement safeguards jobs while enabling transformation. For example, in the transition to the bus contracting model, the Public Transport Tripartite Committee developed a "two-envelope" bidding system that ensured operators bidding for routes commit to consulting unions and safeguarding workers' well-being as part of their proposals. In addition, the Land Transport Authority and National Transport Workers Union engaged extensively with 5,000 workers then. We look forward to renewing this to better our workers' livelihoods and welfare, 10 years into the bus contracting model. Thus, in managing the impact of economic restructuring, we must make it a priority to take care of workers who will be impacted and ensure sufficient lead time for planning and outreach to assure workers on their concerns. Today, as co-chair of the Economic Strategies Review Committee No 5, I am working with Minister of State Goh Pei Ming and our tripartite partners to ensure workers receive sufficient lead time, planning and support in every restructuring process. Mr Speaker, Sir, the world will not get any calmer. The forces of disruption will not slow down, but we have something special here. Something tested in crisis and renewed with purpose. A belief that we are all in this together. So, this is our common path. In a world that is dividing, we will choose to unite. In a world of gridlock, we will choose to build. In a world of anxiety, we will choose to create hope. Our model of tripartism is not just an asset, it is our identity. It is the belief, passed down through generations, that we can adapt, we can transform and we can emerge stronger, so long as we do it together as one united people. Mr Speaker, I support the Motion.
Mr Speaker3 words
[+1 sentence]Ms Jessica Tan.
Ms Jessica Tan Soon Neo (East Coast)1726 words
[+1 sentence]Mr Speaker, President Tharman's address at the Opening of this Parliament underscored an urgent need for unity and shared responsibility, rooted in trust, transformation and resilience for Singapore and Singaporeans to thrive in a complex and fragmented world. In my speech today, I will speak on two points that President Tharman highlighted in his speech: a more pronounced need for unity; and a strong economy – the need to transform and innovate to enhance our value as a trusted hub to ensure opportunities for all Singaporeans.[+33 sentences] For Singapore, our people and the ethos of unity and progress for all, regardless of race, language or religion is the cornerstone of the success of our improbable nation these last 60 years. Our leaders have been intentional in forging our unity while celebrating our diversity through integrated housing policy, education, meritocratic governance, shared values and long-term stewardship. But Singapore's unity and identity is not static. It is changing, shaped in what is happening in our everyday life in Singapore and globally. So while vital, forging our unity today is no longer just around integrating and celebrating our diversity of race, language or religion. Our population is ageing. Our society is more diverse and younger Singaporeans are voicing new hopes for fairness, autonomy and purpose. Digitalisation is reshaping our daily lives. Differences in access can result in who gets access to services, whose voice travels, and what "truths" feel credible. Hence, people may end up living in different realities even when they are under the same space. Personalised feeds cluster people into like-minded bubbles, reinforcing beliefs and isolating them from shared facts, where information we consume fragments our shared realities. These changes are deeply personal. They shape how we see ourselves, how we relate to one another across age, income, race, religion, cultures and education. People are experiencing Singapore differently. Some feel secured and heard, others feel left out, or unsure where they fit in. If we do not respond to these lived realities, unity becomes fragile not because we disagree, but because we stop feeling part of. So, how do we move forward together? We need to refresh our social compact. This means rethinking the roles we each play. Government, employers, individuals and building a culture of shared responsibility. It means designing policies that reflect real lives, not just averages. Designing for lived experience and not just aggregated outcomes. And it means ensuring that opportunity is not just promised but felt. We must design systems that are truly inclusive. Housing, education, work, digital platforms, they must work for everyone across life stages and backgrounds. We need to support transitions, whether it is a mid-life career shift, a young person finding their voice, a first-time home owner getting a flat or an older adult staying connected. It is not sufficient just to take feedback. We must create space for real dialogue. Not just consultation, but co-creation. We need platforms where people can speak honestly, listen deeply and shape the future together. Trust grows when people see that their stories matter and that their feedback leads to change. Let me give you a small example from our community in Changi Simei, what we call VIASTA!. What began as a simple idea to activate the under-utilised space under the Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) viaduct to promote residents' well-being has blossomed into a vibrant festival. Residents did not just give their feedback but worked together with grassroots leaders, community partners and agencies, research and design teams from Singapore University of Technology and Design, SingHealth and Changi General Hospital to co-create, design and transform the space under the MRT viaduct near Simei station.[+3 sentences] From booths and programmes run by residents, seniors and youths, students and teachers from our schools and tertiary institutions, hospital and healthcare professionals, kopi chat with the Police and movie under the stars, VIASTA! has become a celebration of shared ownership and provides a space that comes alive to benefit the well-being of our residents in Changi Simei. Although the process required several months to collect residents' feedback and collaboratively utilising AI to visualise the desired VIASTA!, it enabled meaningful participation from both residents and stakeholders. They could see their ideas come to life. This approach ensured that all perspectives and expertise were incorporated, fostering an inclusive environment for co-creation and effective decision-making. We now have had three iterations of VIASTA! in the last one year, where residents, community partners and agencies came together to bring VIASTA! alive. The fourth VIASTA! is scheduled for November this year. On a national level, Forward Singapore provided a platform that brought together citizens, employers, communities and Government to co-create policies that reflect evolving aspirations around work, family, education and purpose.[+18 sentences] Given the volatility as well as the fragmented and fast-moving world we face, we need to continue to have such platforms and I am very heartened to hear Prime Minister Lawrence Wong talk about this deeper engagement, deeper engagement with Singaporeans to be able to co-create policies together. Some may pooh-pooh. Some may actually say, "That is too hard, it takes too long." But I think that it is worth the effort and we have seen the policies from Forward Singapore, ideas and feedback from Singaporeans coming to life in our policies already today and I encourage every Singaporean, especially our young, but every Singaporean to really make the effort to come forward and be involved. Unity in Singapore has never been about sameness. It is about shared purpose. And that purpose must evolve as we do, grounded in empathy, trust and courage to change together. Let me touch on the point of the need for a strong economy. If we want growth, we do need to have a strong economy to attract talent and investments. With the current uncertainties and structural shifts that are affecting Singapore, we must support the efforts that Deputy Prime Minister Gan Kim Yong has shared about refreshing Singapore's economic blueprint and keeping Singapore's economy strong and resilient by enhancing Singapore's value as a base for leading firms, a key global business hub and a vital connector to the global economy. The strength of our economy lies not in discrete moments of growth, but in sustainable progress. This will then lead to opportunities for businesses and the creation of jobs that are relevant to the new world order. But more importantly, strong sustainable growth will create quality and meaningful jobs for Singaporeans. Economic growth is not just about numbers. It is about people. It is about giving every Singaporean that chance to thrive, to contribute and to shape the future we share. Technological disruption is accelerating workforce transitions, creating both opportunities and anxieties, affecting opportunities for our young and matured workers. This brings me to the point on what do we do to ensure that businesses contribute to developing an empowered workforce that is ready to seize the opportunities and create jobs. The Ministry of Manpower's strategic plan to build a future-ready workforce by encouraging a skills-first approach to hiring will help unlock new talent pools, giving individuals a fair shot based on their skills.[+2 sentences] Supporting companies to create rich career pathways within their organisations, and I repeat this, within the organisation. As they transform, it is important to help retain and stretch our talent, to help them grow and allow them to thrive with these changes. To drive the transformation of the workforce from within the organisation, I am glad that the Tripartite Workgroup on Human Capital Capability Development will support the uplifting of human resources professions and the Enterprise Workforce Transformation Package will seek to ensure that the technology becomes a tool for inclusion and not displacement.[+10 sentences] But as we look ahead, we need to take one step back and ask ourselves if we can take a larger view of the whole system and not just specific segments, such as our young graduates, mid-career or matured workers. Is there a better way to achieve our desire of an empowered and future-ready workforce? How can we bring our learning systems to support our people to be work ready? I have spoken many times in this House that Singapore must grow and have opportunities to give Singaporeans fulfilling jobs and I believe having meaningful work gives Singaporeans confidence not just to make a living which is very important but also to feel included and to have a sense of purpose, belonging and commitment to the community and to the nation. We must ensure that every Singaporean, regardless of age or background, or where we start, can aspire to seize these opportunities. That means investing in skills, supporting career transitions, designing workplaces that are inclusive and progressive. It means refreshing our economic blueprint to stay nimble in a complex world – so that growth uplifts and not divides. So, how can we wholistically rethink our learning systems in an age of rapid change, and disruptions? Our learning system today is front-loaded and segmented. Internships help to mitigate with opportunities for industry exposure. But how can we build an ecosystem that supports and empowers our workforce to be work ready? I think apprenticeship can prepare our young for work and cultivate lifelong learning. By combining work exposure and integrating it with the learning in schools, it may serve as a means to develop a workforce that is adaptable and inclusive.[+3 sentences] It offers not just skills, but purpose – through real-world experience, mentorship and meaningful contribution. To unlock its full potential, employers must step up earlier, much earlier in designing pathways with schools, offering industry exposure before graduation and guiding young talent from the start. This early engagement strengthens the bridge between learning and work, aspiration and opportunity. By embedding structured, hands-on learning within real-world settings, apprenticeships also offer a scalable pathway for mid-career transitions, intergenerational knowledge transfer, and inclusive talent development.[+6 sentences] Strategically, apprenticeships embed adaptability, deepen knowledge transfer, and foster lifelong learning. They do not just fill jobs. They have the potential to renew industries, empower individuals, and help Singapore stay agile in a fast-changing world. Mr Speaker, unity and opportunity are two sides of the coin. When we build stronger bonds and access to opportunities, we deepen the sense that this country is worth investing in – not only for ourselves, but for one another; a Singapore that we are proud to call home. Mr Speaker, I support the Motion.
Mr Speaker5 words
[+1 sentence]Senior Parliamentary Secretary Eric Chua.
The Senior Parliamentary Secretary to the Minister for Law, and Minister for Social and Family Development (Mr Eric Chua)1727 words
[+17 sentences]Mr Speaker, Sir, thank you for allowing me to participate in this debate. Fellow Members, thank you for hearing me out. I would try to make this worth your while. I furiously cut out some two paragraphs worth of content but the substantive points remain. Today, I would like to speak on a hidden social issue in Singapore. It is an issue that many find uncomfortable to speak about but increasingly lurks in the shadows for some: addiction. Addiction knows no boundaries. It can affect a person of any age, class, background. Addictions destroy relationships, break up families, consume lives and we are battling addictions of different forms. Kpods need no introduction. There are those who are addicted to gadgets and smartphones – gaming, excessive use of social media, doom-scrolling – and others like binge-eating, gambling and alcoholism complete the gamut of addictions afflicting modern life today. What I would like to focus on today, however, is the serious and emergent threat or trend of sexually compulsive behaviours, one that is often facilitated by technology. I look at this through the lenses of two broad archetypes. First, the invisible, and perhaps more insidious non-offending compulsive behaviour like addiction to pornography. Such addictions silently chip away at an individual’s productivity and positive relations in his or her life. And second, offending behaviours such as voyeurism, upskirt videos, acts which cause significant harm to victims and carry serious legal consequences. I visited the We Care Community Services recently. We Care is the first non-denominational, outpatient addiction recovery centre in Singapore. They shared with me that the referral of sexually compulsive behavioural cases to them rose sharply in recent years: 198 cases in 2024, compared to 115 in 2020. And in the first eight months this year alone, there have been 142 referrals, and We Care anticipates that the total number of referrals for 2025 will exceed 200 for the very first time. At the same time, statistics from the Police show that the number of voyeurism cases, which include upskirt offences, increased from 476 cases in 2023 to 519 cases in 2024 last year. The number of “outrage of modesty” cases increased by 21% from 666 in the first half of 2024, to 807 in the same period this year.[+15 sentences] The statistics are worrying, to say the least and two questions come to mind. First, are we providing sufficient avenues and options for treatment and early intervention? Second, what preventive measures can we take before such addictions take root in our society? To be sure, Singapore has in place an ecosystem of support for those battling different addictions. The National Addictions Management Service at IMH, the Singapore Anti-Narcotics Association and the National Council on Problem Gambling are familiar go-tos. There are also ground-up efforts: We Care Community Services which I have earlier referenced and One Hope Centre, which helps addicts recover from gambling, sex and pornography addiction; and there are also private clinics that provide support for addiction treatment. Yet, challenges remain. First, it does not help that addiction is traditionally viewed as a moral failing or a lack of willpower on the part of the addict. Due to stigma, addicts would hide their struggles and avoid seeking help, for fear of being judged or for bringing shame to their families. Often, by the time help is sought, the addict is in crisis as the addiction would have by then already spun out of control. The staggering level of stigma associated with such deeply personal challenges would also mean that it is extremely difficult to size up just how pervasive this issue is in our community. For every addict that comes forward to seek help, just how many remain in the shadows? No one knows. But given prevalent societal norms and attitudes, the hyperconnected lives that we lead and the ease of access to explicit materials online, it would only be fair to assume that what we are seeing in reported statistics is but only the tip of a large and deep iceberg. There is good scientific evidence that addiction is not as much a personal failing as it is a chronic, progressive and relapse-prone illness that affects an individual both physically and psychologically. In the 11th revision of the International Classification of Diseases, the World Health Organization defines compulsive sexual behaviour disorder as an impulse control disorder.[+11 sentences] It is an illness for which there should exist a structured medical treatment plan. We Care runs a Non-Contact Sexual Offending therapy programme, combining individual counselling with group work to support individuals struggling with compulsive sexual behaviours. The programme helps participants understand the causes and consequence of their behaviours, address underlying psychological factors, and develop healthier coping skills to break the cycle and prevent re-offending. Client testimonials and outcomes from this programme show that a structured program is key to helping an addict recover and re-build. So, can we as a society accept that addictions of this nature is an illness needing proper treatment? And across our healthcare landscape, can an addict receive adequate and affordable treatment from diagnosis to full recovery in a structured manner? Like other chronic medical conditions, prevention is always better than cure. But any course of action begins with the admission, “Yes, we do have a problem.” Steps can be taken to arrest the problems before they even start. We Care shared that many clients learnt about sex from online sources including pornography at a young age. Such early experiences shaped undesirable sexual scripts that emphasise availability, instant gratification, objectification. Early exposure to online pornography is also a common risk factor for sexual offending. The response to this cannot be outright bans, but we can introduce age-appropriate addiction and media literacy programmes in schools and in the community, to inoculate our young ones against such risks.[+5 sentences] As an Asian society where conversations on topics such as the birds and the bees are generally still avoided at home, we are at risk of delegating parenting responsibilities to peer groups, or worse, shady Internet sources. Addiction expert Gabor Mate theorised, and I quote, “how a lack of healthy adult guidance and unresolved childhood trauma and frustration can lead youths to seek out peer groups for their moral compass, a poor substitute for natural parental guidance.” But I will be one of the first to admit. It is not easy. As a dad to a five-year-old boy, I often ask myself, how or where do I even begin? My parents did not quite have those conversations with me when I was younger. But hard as it may be, we must equip parents with the language and the tools to talk about these and other sensitive topics with their children at home.[+27 sentences] Our homes must be safe harbours where our young ones feel comfortable enough to talk about anything under the sun. Families must be the default go-to as our young ones take on adulting and life’s many other challenges. Parents must meaningfully engage in our children’s lives, debunk myths purported by wayward sources such as pornography, and be their role models, as our young ones seek out the true north when calibrating their impressionable moral compasses. Mr Speaker, I seek your indulgence once again as I digress into some personal sharing. Like many Members in this Chamber, I run a tight schedule day-to-day. What little leisure that remains come in the form of post-midnight Netflix binge watching. I recently clicked on a title that appeared on my "recommended" list, Adolescence. The series initiated me to the world of incel, manosphere, red pills. I watched all four riveting episodes in a single sitting. Quickly realised I made a subpar choice for leisure and relaxation. But what an educational and eye-opening tour-de-force Adolescence was in framing and illuminating some gripping challenges that youth of this generation faces. So, for several sleepless nights after Adolescence, I thought long and hard about how I might broach these issues with my son in a few years to come. I took heart in practical parenting tips I had received some time ago, which I thought offered good lessons. Where and when might I talk about sensitive topics with my little one? That was my question some time ago. The reply was “Consider a long drive!” That way, the setting is relaxed, father and son need not meet eye to eye. And when things get too awkward, turn up the stereo; and a few tracks of K-Pop Demon Hunters should help smooth things over. Sir, in Mandarin, please. (In Mandarin): Addiction knows no borders. It can affect people of any age, social class and background. Today, I want to focus on “sexually compulsive behaviours” brought about by technology. Whether it is non-criminal behaviour, such as browsing pornographic websites and becoming addicted as a result; or criminal behaviour, such as voyeurism or upskirt filming, the statistics paint a worrying picture. Addiction is generally viewed as a moral failing or lack of willpower on the part of the addict. Feeling shamed, many addicts try to hide their struggles and avoid seeking help. They fear being judged or bringing disgrace to their families. Usually, by the time they actually seek help, addicts are already deeply trapped and their addiction is beyond control. Addiction is a chronic, progressive and easily relapsing disease that causes many negative effects on an individual's physical and mental health.[+6 sentences] Regarding this issue, how should Singapore adopt better preventive measures in our communities? And how should we help our families mould themselves into a safe haven? We have only one ultimate goal: to let the younger generation feel the warmth and love of home, to let them deeply understand that when they encounter problems like addiction or other sensitive issues in life's marathon, their families will never discriminate against them or judge them. : Mr Speaker, Sir, let us do better. Let us confront the issue of addiction openly. Let us not shy away from uncomfortable conversations but normalise safe, constructive dialogue, especially with our children. Let us work together to strengthen our support ecosystem so individuals suffering in silence feel safe to emerge from the shadows to seek help. With better understanding and support all round, we can change attitudes and help those who are suffering in the clutches of addiction recover and rebuild.[+1 sentence] Sir, I support the Motion.
Mr Speaker34 words
[+4 sentences]Senior Parliamentary Secretary Eric Chua, like you, I also saw Adolescence, very impactful and meaningful movie. I think, like you, I saw it all at one go. It was so riveting. Mr Sharael Taha.
[+2 sentences]. (proc text)] [(proc text) 'We, the Parliament of the Republic of Singapore, express our thanks to the President for the Speech which he delivered on behalf of the Government at the Opening of the First Session of this Parliament.'." – (proc text)]
Mr Speaker3 words
[+1 sentence]Mr Alex Yam.
Mr Alex Yam (Marsiling-Yew Tee)1397 words
[+13 sentences]I rise to support the Motion of Thanks to the President. In Mandarin, please. (In Mandarin): Today, I wish to borrow an old saying from Chinese history to reflect on Singapore's future: "In the land of Shu, there were no great generals, so Liao Hua had to serve as the vanguard." This saying is not just a historical reference – it serves as a stark warning for us today. This phrase comes from the period of the Three Kingdoms. In its later years, the Kingdom of Shu faced a severe shortage of talent. Zhuge Liang had passed away, and Jiang Wei was struggling to hold things together. Eventually, with limited military strength, Shu had to appoint Liao Hua – an ageing and less capable officer – as its vanguard. Later generations lamented: when a nation or team lacks capable people, it will have no one to turn to at critical moments. Although the original saying carries a tone of irony and helplessness, we should treat it today as a wake-up call. If a country fails to continually nurture talent and establish a robust leadership succession system, it risks being unprepared when crisis strikes. Singapore must never repeat such a mistake. The current state of the world is deeply concerning – recurring political violence in the United States, severely testing its democratic system; continuous disputes between left and right wings in Europe; frequent changes in leadership in Japan and South Korea, leading to a lack of policy continuity and stability; major electoral recalls and social divisions in Taiwan, severely damaging trust between the government and the people; ongoing political disputes following elections in several Southeast Asian countries; endless conflicts in the Middle East and the Russo-Ukrainian war, with peace nowhere in sight. All of this reminds us – political stability is not inevitable; it is a fragile asset that can easily be lost.[+1 sentence] In stark contrast, Singapore stands out. We have just completed a smooth, stable and mature leadership transition. The Prime Minister has changed, but policies remain consistent; the nation's direction continues and public confidence remains strong.[+10 sentences] Amid global turmoil, Singapore's institutions, culture and mutual trust have forged this hard-won stability. This is our advantage and also our responsibility. The President emphasised the importance of unity in his address, a point that I believe is crucial. The political atmosphere is like the air we breathe; fresh air goes unnoticed and unappreciated, but once it lacks harmony and becomes polluted, everyone feels suffocated. The concept of "harmony" or "hé", as advocated by Confucius, signifies a genuine, principled harmony, and not soulless, superficial conformity. This "hé" refers to harmonious and dedicated efforts towards the common, supreme goal of national development and the people's welfare. We must maintain a high degree of consensus on this major objective. This is the foundation upon which we can pool our strengths and accomplish great things. This is the "harmony of the gentleman", a unity stemming from shared ideals and beliefs. In this Parliament, we encourage constructive debate. However, if the purpose is to deliberately create confrontation for political gain, while disregarding the overall national development, this closely resembles what Confucius criticised as "conformity without harmony". This is why the President and the Prime Minister have repeatedly reminded us that true democracy is not "me first," but "we first." This is the most valuable aspect of Singapore's political culture.[+6 sentences] The greatest challenge the world faces today is not economic or military – it is the crisis of social cohesion. Individualism and a "me first" mindset are eroding the foundations of many societies. Singapore must choose a different path. To build a “we first” society, politically, all parties must prioritise the national interest, transcending partisan disputes. In policy, people should not only ask, "What is in it for me?" but also, "Is this fair for our society?" In daily life, we must care for one another, leaving no one behind. The Ministry of Culture, Community and Youth (MCCY) has a special role to play in this. I believe the Ministry should lead this paradigm shift from "me" to "we", redefining our social compact through three key areas. Community building must go beyond festive events and occasional activities. We need to establish deep community connectivity programmes, encouraging residents to not only to know each other as neighbours, but to become mutual support systems; develop Community Shared Spaces 2.0 – transforming them into real living labs, not just physical spaces; and create intergenerational collaboration projects, bringing the young and old together to solve community problems, facilitating the exchange of wisdom and innovation.[+8 sentences] MCCY should lead this effort, shifting community building from activity-based projects to building a relational ecosystem. We need not merely law-abiding citizens, but community members who actively contribute. This requires redesigning national education to emphasise that citizens are not only rights-bearers, but also responsibility-takers; developing a grassroots community service framework so that volunteerism becomes a part of life, not just an occasional activity; and creating multicultural competency programmes to equip Singaporeans with the skills to thrive in a diverse society. Here, I must place special emphasis on the crucial role of the younger generation. The hope and impetus for building a "we first" society lie with our youth. They are not just future successors; they are a vital force in shaping the social fabric of the present. Young people are intellectually active, full of ideals, and possess a natural affinity for fairness, justice and sustainable development. We must create greater space for them, closely integrating their energy and creativity with our shared vision for the future. Specifically, first, we must genuinely listen to and trust our youth.[+3 sentences] Our engagement cannot be merely symbolic. We must substantively incorporate their ideas into policy considerations. When formulating long-term plans, the voices of young people must be heard and their suggestions should have the opportunity to be translated into concrete actions. Second, we must empower our youth to be the protagonists of community innovation.[+2 sentences] MCCY should support young people in independently launching projects that solve community problems, enabling their transition from being passive recipients of policy to active co-creators. This hands-on experience in building is the most effective way to foster a sense of ownership and belonging to the nation. Third, we must build solid bridges for intergenerational collaboration.[+3 sentences] A "we first" society requires understanding and continuity between generations. We should encourage the formation of mentorship groups, pairing youth with experienced seniors to jointly plan community projects. The combined experience and wisdom of the older generation with the drive and fresh perspectives of the young can create powerful synergies, ensuring both societal stability and vitality. Furthermore, in this age of fragmentation, we need common stories and shared memories more than ever: support projects that document and share "Singapore Stories," focusing not only on national achievements, but also on the contributions of ordinary people, particularly stories of how the younger generation actively participates in and transforms communities.[+7 sentences] Develop community archives and digital platforms, allowing every community to preserve and share its history, and enabling youth to become a new force in recording and disseminating these stories. Create arts and cultural programmes that explore the evolving meaning of being Singaporean, encouraging young artists to interpret and enrich our shared identity from contemporary perspectives. These efforts, particularly through activating the proactive participation of our youth, will help us build a society that shares not just a common geographical space, but a profound sense of shared destiny. We must return to the saying with which I began: "In the land of Shu, there were no great generals." It reminds us: to build a "we first" society, we must continuously nurture successors and encourage more young people to enter public service. We cannot rely only on a small elite – we must build a strong pipeline of talent, ensuring that there are always capable people ready to serve. Mr Speaker, Singapore may be small, but we can be bold, visionary and responsible. Building a "we first" society is not a Government programme – it is a national endeavour.[+4 sentences] It requires the participation and commitment of every Singaporean. Let us also cherish our hard-earned political stability and protect this valuable asset. Let us work together to maintain Singapore's precious political environment, ensure our political atmosphere remains clean, and enable future generations to grow up in a more united and prosperous Singapore. I support the motion.
Mr Speaker4 words
[+1 sentence]Mr Xie Yao Quan.
Mr Xie Yao Quan (Jurong Central)1858 words
[+39 sentences]Sir, I stand in support of the Motion. In Malay, please. (In Malay): It has been an honour for me to serve the Jurong Central constituents over the past five years, and to be given the opportunity to serve the Jurong Central community once again. Over these five years, there are so many residents who I now consider friends. So, to my friends and all residents, I wish to say, the President's speech at the Opening of Parliament reminds us that there is still much more that the Government, together with our people, must do. And in Singapore, the Government is deeply committed to working together, to do more, and to make life better. Similarly, we want to provide the best opportunities for our children to develop and reach the peak of their God-given talents and potential. To support everyone in raising our children to be honest citizens and people of faith, to celebrate and cultivate our traditional languages and cultural arts, and to develop our society into one that is stronger, more united, more caring and more excellent. We will do all this within our meritocracy. Our meritocracy is not perfect. It may never be perfect, but it remains a vital principle for social harmony and for achieving success as one people. For years, in fact, for decades, we have built and developed our meritocracy. And we must continue to do so, to ensure that our meritocracy continues to work for everyone and makes life better for all our people. Above all, I wish to remind everyone that in any meritocracy, at any time, there may be some who will be ahead, and some who may be behind. But there will be progress for everyone. Everyone must be on this "Escalator of Progress". Everyone moves forward together to ensure this meritocracy works. The President used the word "escalator" in his speech. This word was deliberately chosen. As we continue to work on our meritocracy to make it work ever better for everyone, we must first put everyone on that same "Escalator of Progress", and we must ensure that this escalator is always moving towards progress. The Government must ensure this escalator is always moving towards progress, for everyone. It is crucial for us to ensure the success of this meritocracy, and it becomes the fundamental condition for improving our meritocracy. May I end my speech with a Malay quatrain: Jasmines bloom where butterflies play Jellyfish together swimming away Through life and death we stay together Our meritocracy lasts forever Let us continue to move forward together on the "Escalator of Progress"! (In Mandarin): In 2011, my Parliamentary colleague, Ms Sim Ann, delivered a brilliant speech on Singapore's "haves and have-nots". She used a more relaxed, colloquial approach to discuss, in depth, a very important issue: what strategic advantages and opportunities Singapore possesses, what conditions and trade-offs we lack, and how Singapore should forge a path forward from this position. At that time, I had not yet entered politics, she had just entered politics, and Singapore was 46 years old. Today, on the occasion of Singapore's 60th anniversary, I want to revisit Singapore's "haves and have-nots" and discuss our nation's future path. What does Singapore have, and what does it not have? Let me raise three points. Firstly, Singapore has a rapidly ageing population, with more and more elderly people. Singapore's achievements today are all due to the foundation laid by the Pioneer and Merdeka generations. Without the dedication, sacrifice and contributions of these people, there would be no glorious Singapore today. So we have an obligation to give back to them. Families, communities and the Government must all work together to better care for and support our elderly, to enable them to shine brightly in their golden years. How should we do this? I have several suggestions, continue to expand and enhance our healthcare system. Ideally, our elderly would not need to see doctors or seek medical care, but when they do need medical care, the elderly must be able to receive timely service without waiting too long. Therefore, we must continue to expand and enhance our healthcare system. But we must also continue to manage healthcare costs well. Currently, one MRI scan costs $600, with a Government subsidy of $300, the elderly need to pay $300 themselves. Sometimes when their annual MediSave limit is reached, the elderly must pay the $300 in cash. The same applies to chronic diseases – the annual MediSave limit of $400 to $700 is often quickly exhausted. Hence, the elderly face too heavy a cash burden in dealing with healthcare costs.[+3 sentences] Of course, there is no such thing as a free lunch – healthcare costs ultimately needs to be paid by Singaporeans. If we want higher healthcare subsidies, the Government may inevitably have to collect higher taxes, so I hope the Government can continue to govern wisely and maintain the political courage and responsibility to do what must be done. The elderly should also have better retirement security. Better retirement security requires not only more resource investment, but also better resource allocation. I again call on the Government to review the eligibility criteria framework for the various benefits distributed to the elderly.[+15 sentences] Currently, when children do not live with the elderly, the elderly can receive many benefits, but when children live with the elderly, they cannot get as much. Therefore, the entire eligibility criteria framework for Government benefits to the elderly could be more reasonable. What else does Singapore have and not have? Secondly, in terms of economic development, Singapore has no time to slack off or relax. In this era of endless technological innovation, where regional countries are rising and using technology to develop rapidly, standing still means being left behind. Singapore cannot be content with standing still. Singapore must forge ahead courageously. We have no natural resources, only people, manpower and talent, so everyone must continue to strive and fight. "Those who dare to fight will win." We must work very hard. Of course, some people say Singapore is under too much pressure and moving too fast. I believe we must strive hard, whilst also creating space to take care of ourselves and our loved ones around us. We want harmony between the two, not “either/or”. How can we achieve work-life harmony? Pursue what you love, do what you are passionate about. When a person engages in their interests and does what they love, work naturally becomes not just work, but part of life. I hope the Government can increase efforts to support Singaporeans in pursuing their interests, passions and dreams at all stages of life, including entrepreneurship. Additionally, flexible work arrangements must become the new normal in our economy and workplace.[+12 sentences] Our workforce is of high quality, and Singaporeans are capable, so if Singaporeans can have greater space to choose when, where and how to do their work well, we can certainly do good work whilst also achieving better harmony with life. I hope the Government can continue to promote flexible work arrangements and work more closely with employers, not only supporting employers in adjusting their operating models, but also helping employers change their mindset. Furthermore, our entire workforce must better embrace technology, make good use of technology and integrate technology into every position in the economy. We have no time to slack off, no room to relax, we must fight, but we absolutely cannot rely on ourselves to fight blindly in the same place. Instead, we must rely on technology to help us fight, to fight for us. Let technology be by our side, become our most effective tools and weapons, and fight alongside us to achieve possibilities that, perhaps, even we ourselves cannot yet imagine. This is the potential brought by the integration of humans and technology, and it is also one of our nation's greatest opportunities in continued economic transformation. Besides the pressure being too great and the pace being too fast, more and more Singaporeans are also saying: “it is not that I do not want to fight or work, but I cannot find work, cannot find employers who want to hire me.” Moreover, it is not just middle-aged workers facing this concern – perhaps more and more young graduates entering the workforce are also facing this concern. Unemployment, career changes, repeated rejections – these challenges faced by our workers deeply affect their daily living, and even their dignity. And in an era of rapid economic transformation and re-transformation, these challenges will become increasingly frequent. We must better empathise with workers and support them with greater effort and more comprehensive systems. Helping workers find employment and change careers must become one of our major social safety nets. (In English): Job-seeking, job matching support has to become one of our key pillars, going forward, for our social security and a new major social safety net. (In Mandarin): We must also further reform our education system, to better nurture the next generation of workforce, to thrive in the new economic era.[+21 sentences] Besides learning how to do things from a young age, what our children need more is to learn how to behave properly from a young age. For our education system to successfully achieve this, besides continuing to reform the system, we must also reform everyone's mindset and definition of success. What else does Singapore have and not have? Third, Singapore has an increasingly diverse society. It also faces greater risks of social division and fragmentation. In an information age, truth and falsehood become increasingly difficult to tell. Hence, in resisting foreign interference and in promoting mutual understanding and trust domestically, we must do better and go deeper. What else does Singapore have and not have? Overall, Singapore has a rapidly ageing population, but also opportunities to better care for the elderly. In terms of economic development, Singapore has no time to slack off and no room to relax, but we have opportunities to integrate with technology, and opportunities to deeply reform our labour system and education system. Singapore has an increasingly diverse society, but also stronger national identity, stronger social cohesion and resilience. For 60 years since independence, we have achievements, but we must also have gratitude and humility, and even more importantly, we must not be content with the status quo and must strive for excellence. We have challenges, but we should also have confidence. We have no reason to feel dejected or discouraged. Different from the early days of independence, many of our current challenges have no other countries' experiences for reference, no other countries' precedents to rely on. Many of our current challenges have no answer sheets. But we have a good Government with far-sighted vision and strategic planning. We have people, united as one. I firmly believe that as long as the Government, the people, and both ruling and opposition parties work together, there is no battle Singapore cannot win. We have strategy, resources, and even more importantly, determination, courage and capability. We will certainly be able to build on the past and open up the future, continue writing Singapore's nation-building miracle, and open a new chapter in Singapore's brilliant future!
Mr Speaker3 words
[+1 sentence]Mr Gerald Giam.
Mr Gerald Giam Yean Song (Aljunied)1876 words
[+6 sentences]Mr Speaker, I wish to thank the voters of Aljunied group representation constituency (GRC), including those in Bedok Reservoir-Punggol division, for giving my teammates and I in the Workers' Party (WP) an opportunity to serve them again. We know that each vote was a carefully considered decision and we do not hold that lightly. We are committed to honouring your trust by working tirelessly to earn your votes again in the coming years. Mr Speaker, in his speech at the Opening of Parliament, the President spoke of the need to resist self-perpetuating inequality. This message was echoed by the Prime Minister yesterday, who pointed out how other societies have become increasingly stratified, with privilege becoming more entrenched. I share this deep concern. While it is reassuring that income inequality, as measured by the Gini coefficient, is declining, the Gini coefficient does not measure wealth inequality. This refers to the unequal distribution of assets like property, stocks, bonds and savings.[+4 sentences] If left unchecked, widening inequality can fracture our social compact and undermine the meritocratic system that has been the key to our nation's prosperity. Meritocracy, in turn, relies on the public's confidence that it can deliver upward social mobility. A waning of that confidence could lead to distrust, both between different segments of society and with the Government, making it harder to forge the consensus required to navigate systemic challenges. Inequality is, therefore, a fundamental faultline in our in our society. Narrowing this divide demands the same level of attention, resources and effort that we have dedicated to maintaining racial and religious harmony.[+11 sentences] Confronting inequality requires more than just giving everyone the same opportunities in school, as even when public goods are equally available, private advantages remain unequally distributed. Wealth is frequently passed down from parents to children, not only through inheritances, but a combination of social, informational and financial capital from the time they were born until deep into their adulthood. This provides children of privilege the best opportunities to thrive at every stage of their lives, and a strong safety net to catch them if they fall. These translate into a significant and enduring head start in life. They are subtle and unspoken, but they compound over time. For a start, well-resource parents cultivate cultural capital by providing a wide range of enriching experiences to their children. This includes frequent overseas travel and exposure to the arts, which build an understanding of cultural norms in influential circles, and provides a foundation for sophisticated conversations in social and professional settings. Etiquette lessons and public speaking from a young age equip their children with the confidence highly-valued in the workplace and in leadership roles. These parents have the resources to send their children for enrichment camps in areas, like artificial intelligence (AI), coding and robotics. They know that these courses build competence from a young age in science, technology, engineering and maths (STEM), a skillset that generally commands higher salaries in future careers. This hands-on experience beyond what is taught in textbooks can spark interest and give an indirect boost to academic performance. The Direct School Admission (DSA) scheme offers an alternative route to top schools based on students' non-academic talents.[+18 sentences] For parents with resources, hiring top coaches to provide individual training on technique and fitness gives their children a significant head start. This allows them to become high-performance athletes before their peers, giving them a distinct advantage during school trials. Furthermore, if their child does not do well in enough in local exams, their parents have the option of sending them to private schools, locally and overseas. This additional safety net ensures that a pathway to higher education is always available, a luxury that less-affluent families cannot afford. As these young adults enter the workforce, their accumulated social capital continues to open doors. Some might lend prized internships at multinational corporations through their parents' professional networks, bypassing traditional hiring procedures. Likewise, a parent might introduce their child to an influential business contact who can give them their first professional role or provide helpful career tips. These relationships create an oft hidden job market, leading to opportunities that are not publicly advertised. This safety net extends into significant housing and financial advantages. For instance, some well-to-do parents buy property for their children when they are still young to hedge against rising prices, ensuring they would not have to struggle to afford their first home when they get married. Others hand over their successful businesses to their children after they graduate, removing the need for them to compete with their peers in the in the job market. To be clear, the actions of these parents are perfectly legal. They are simply doing their best to help their children in a very competitive economy, but this creates a growing chasm between those with and without these advantages. This divide will only widen as economic competition intensifies and the nature of entry-level jobs shift to AI, which demands new skills that are more accessible to the privileged. Our challenge, then, is to bridge this gap, not by suppressing the privileged, but by levelling up everyone else. To do this, we must bolster our public institutions until they rival the private sphere, ensuring every child has the opportunity to achieve their maximal potential. I have a few suggestions in this respect. The SkillsFuture Credit scheme has empowered adults to upskill, but the race for skills and opportunities begins much earlier in life. To truly level the playing field, I propose a junior SkillsFuture Credit scheme. This initiative would provide a dedicated skills development credit to all Singaporean children below 18 from households in the lower 40th percentile income bracket.[+11 sentences] This credit could be used for approved enrichment courses in areas, like coding, public speaking, sports and the arts. By democratising access to the same hard and soft skills that are often the privilege of the affluent, we can ensure every child has a fair chance to build their confidence and competence from a young age. I have noted Minister of State Jasmine Lau's earlier response today to Mr David Hoe, who made a similar proposal in his Parliamentary Question (PQ). I am glad we are on the same wavelength here. I acknowledge that schools have many in-school and out-of-school extracurricular opportunities for students, including those from low-income families. These should certainly continue. What I am asking for is a separate credit that gives parents and children the agency to choose enrichment programmes that are not available in their schools. In today's economy, we cannot precisely predict the skills that will be in demand, or the specific passions and interests that will ignite in our young people. Therefore, by giving parents and children the autonomy and agency to choose enrichment courses, we are empowering them to explore a diverse range of opportunities and build skills in emerging areas, just as well-resourced families can. This SG Culture Pass, which provides credits for citizens to attend arts and heritage events, is a commendable initiative. However, I am concerned that its take-up rate may be low among households from the lower-income brackets. To ensure that all citizens can benefit, the National Arts Council (NAC) would need to strengthen its outreach efforts to publicise the pass across all segments of society and address the unique challenges faced by these lower-income families, such as competing financial priorities, time constraints and the hidden cost of attendance. We should establish a Global Horizons Fund to provide financial support for international student exchanges, internships and volunteer trips.[+11 sentences] Democratising the global exposure that is a key component of cultural capital. The Singapore International Foundation (SIF) would be a natural partner to manage this fund, as its mission already aligns with connecting Singaporeans with global communities. Through SIF, donations for the fund could be sought from philanthropic foundations, corporate sponsors and individuals who have benefited from such international exposure. To match up the college preparation provided to higher-income students, education and career guidance services in schools could be enhanced and personalised. These services could offer comprehensive support to guide students from less-privileged backgrounds through the complex application process for local and foreign universities. Critically, this service would make them aware of the importance of building up a competitive portfolio early and will help them strategically utilise financial support programmes designed to help them do so. At the same time, our local universities should continue to monitor their admissions process to ensure that donations do not impact how students are admitted, a problem which has occurred in other countries. Existing professional mentorship schemes could be expanded to the National Career Mentorship programme for all young Singaporean professionals, tradespersons and workers seeking career guidance and professional networks. Crucially, this programme must conduct proactive and targeted outreach to individuals from less-privileged backgrounds who may lack the social and informational capital to access these opportunities. To attract and retain committed mentors, the programme could offer public recognition and award continuing professional development hours. These incentives will not only reward their time but also formalise their commitment to guiding young people from all backgrounds, thus helping them to build a more equitable professional landscape. To level up the advantage of wealthy parents providing seed capital or passing on their businesses to their children, Enterprise Singapore should adjust the Startup SG Founder Programme.[+1 sentence] The programme's recent shift to a one-to-one co-matching ratio presents a financial barrier for first-time entrepreneurs who lack personal savings or family wealth. It makes funding less accessible and favours those who are already financially well off. I urge Enterprise Singapore to revert to the previous one-to-four co-matching ratio.[+2 sentences] This would make crucial seed funding more accessible, ensuring that promising ideas are judged on their merit alone without a founder's financial means becoming an obstacle. Sir, all these programmes can only make a national impact if they are able to reach and assist a wide section of society. The various agencies running these programmes should redouble efforts to publicise their programmes on social media and traditional advertising platforms and partners with schools, interest groups, grassroots organisations, including those linked with the opposition, to encourage participation from Singaporeans from less privileged backgrounds.[+3 sentences] Sir, while our journey as a nation has been a remarkable one, the true measure of our success lies not in the peaks of our wealth, but in the enduring opportunities we provide to all citizens. The proposals I have outlined today are not designed to penalise success, but to strengthen our meritocratic system, ensuring that every citizen, regardless of their family's background, has a fair shot at success. By giving every Singaporean access to the exclusive advantages that provide a head start in life, we can create a powerful equalising force, offering a clear pathway to upward mobility and a robust safety net for all. This is how we can build a society where a child's destiny is not dictated by their birth, but by their grit and hard work. This is how we can assure those who are growing up in difficult circumstances that our society is empowering them every step of the way, and this is how we inspire the next generation to give their all for their families and the progress of our nation.[+1 sentence] Mr Speaker, I support the Motion.
Mr Speaker3 words
[+1 sentence]Mr David Hoe.
Mr David Hoe (Jurong East-Bukit Batok)2619 words
[+15 sentences]Mr Speaker, Sir, I stand today in support of the Motion to thank President Tharman for his address, and to air the voices and concerns of Singaporeans. It is their aspirations, struggles and daily lives that form the very foundation of my presence here today, and I believe everyone here today here in this room. And I am also grateful to the residents of Jurong East and Bukit Batok GRC for allowing me to represent them in the 15th Parliament. Allow me to begin by first saying that I am a product of my experiences, from growing up in a dysfunctional family, having gone through the Normal (Technical) stream, fulfilling my dream of becoming an educator, founder to a few social empowerment programmes and today, a husband and a father of two beloved children. All these experiences have shaped my worldview. But they are not the only ones. Today, I am very fortunate to be able to represent Clementi residents and people from all walks of life and these experiences will surely influence what I will say, do inside and outside of this House. But for now, let me to share a few thoughts on being "we first" society. Underlying the idea of a "we first" society, it is no one gets left behind. I have some thoughts on what it means to build an inclusive society, which I will continue to develop as I go along in my term and as I grow into my role as a Member of Parliament (MP). Most of us have heard this countless number of times, that we should all have our own definition of success. And this personal definition matters, because they guide our aspirations in life. But while having this definition of success is important, today, I want to spotlight on how can ensure that we have the sufficient building blocks to help Singaporeans to not only define but also to realise their own definition of success. Specifically, I will look into three groups – our young, our families and our seniors. Let me first begin with our young. In 2024, the average monthly household income of the bottom 20%, or B20 households was under $4,500, according to the Department of Statistics. A beginner robotics class, guitar class or speech and drama class today would easily us $200-$300 a month.[+3 sentences] Exposure to such classes and lessons are important because they help our children to explore their interests beyond a typical school setting. From these interests, with time and practice, they grow into strengths and from these strengths, they grow into definition of success. But these activities are out of reach to children whose families cannot even afford such lessons. And it pains me when I learnt that such opportunities depend on family income, because if I truly want every single child to be able to define their own version of success, then should not access to such experiences not be a privilege but a given? This is why I propose the idea of "curiosity credits". This is a scheme where every single child has credits that they can draw upon to explore new opportunities, be it in arts, sports, technology, or any other fields.[+15 sentences] The goal, really, is to nurture curiosity. It is to help children to be able to recognise their strengths and interests and perhaps, ignite a spark that could guide them in their lifelong journey. Curiosity credits, what is this? Think of this similar to SkillsFuture, but SkillsFuture for our young. Just as SkillsFuture encourages adults to upskill and pursue lifelong learning, curiosity credits would give our children a structured but flexible way to explore, experiment and build confidence in their formative years. Importantly, I must say this. Curiosity credits should and must be means-tested, so that families who need the most support can draw on these credits, because curiosity credits can help close a starting gap in life, by giving children that come from less advantaged background a means to access opportunities that they otherwise cannot have access to. To be clear, we already have a wide range of policies and programmes to support our young, but what I am proposing is we can do more. A Child Development Account in our early years helps to defray preschool and healthcare expenses. But it does not allow that very child to explore enrichment classes that are beyond the preschool setting. Let us move on to Edusave. Likewise, you cannot tap on your Edusave account to pay for a dance lesson at our Community Centre, or even a robotics class at a private provider. So, my point is this. Curiosity credits can bridge opportunity gaps early, ensuring that every child, regardless of their background, has the foundation to shape his/her own definition of success. But while curiosity credits can help children discover their passions, this alone is not enough in shaping the outlook of success. Today, the Primary School Leaving Examination (PSLE) still remains the main gateway to secondary school. I urge the Ministry of Education (MOE) to consider broadening entry pathways to secondary schools.[+14 sentences] By moving beyond a single examination as the necessary condition, which is PSLE, we can redefine success more broadly as a society and allow children with different strengths to thrive. As MOE itself has said in April 2025 in an online primer, they said, I quote: "The future of Singapore’s education system is not just about choosing to keep or eliminate PSLE." I agree. "It is about how we can customise learning pathways to meet diverse abilities, needs, interests and aspirations of future generations. It is about how we can embrace learning beyond schools and books and help students discover the joy of learning to lay the foundations for self-motivated, lifelong learning." It is in this spirit, broadening entry pathways is not about removing rigour, but it is about right-siting students in environments where they can flourish. We already see glimpses of this through the DSA, but this remains supplementary to the PSLE rather than a truly parallel route. I urge MOE to continue to pilot or consider piloting new models. This could take the form of a through-train programme from primary to secondary school, which we heard before, or alternative entry requirements instead of a single high stake at accumulative examinations that have substantial impact on our child's future. The truth is, even as I say all these, as a former educator, I know the logistical challenges are real. But I also know that if we want to embrace a child-centred model of education, we should and we must find ways to make it work. Examinations and pathways are just one part of the education system. Let me focus on something else: the learning environment. Because even with the best opportunities, a child cannot pursue his/her own aspirations if their learning environment is not conducive, and bullying has been a pressing concern. MOE's recent announcement on 27 August regarding its plans to address bullying is timely and praiseworthy. It plans to sharpen school policies, provide more accessible reporting channels and – I like this – cultivate a culture of kindness.[+18 sentences] All these are important steps. But on this note we should review our existing frameworks on discipline and consequences for bullying. Current measures today range from warning, counselling and suspension to more serious sanctions. These have their place, but we must ask a fundamental question: how effective are they in changing behaviour and preventing repeated harmful acts? Take suspension, for example, which I mentioned two days ago. Previously, suspension was painful, painful because you would not have the ability to interact with your friends because you are not in school, and even if you wanted to head out to play basketball in the daytime, there is no one to play with you. That boredom was real, it is painful. However, I also said this that if you have access to a mobile phone, because this is what a parent told me, during your suspension, I mentioned you can play Mobile Legend, but you also play Roblox, and suspension is seen as nothing more than just a holiday. Without a structured approach, the time away from school does not build accountability. In fact, it risks trivialising the harm caused. If a child returns without genuine reflection or remorse, the underlying behaviours may continue and the victim remains unprotected. So, we must find ways to make disciplinary actions more purposeful. This could mean compelling bullies to remain in school premises, in a separate room, even if they are suspended from class. In their suspension, they are to experience a guided reflection session where they have to confront the impact of their actions, reflect why that was not acceptable and arrive at a resolution. Creating a safe environment for our children goes beyond tackling bullying. An equally pressing threat that I want to address today is the access to drugs and youth vaping. I recognise that tackling both issues require a multi-pronged approach. However, I want to highlight, based on what I have heard from different Singaporeans, a key gap in our current reporting mechanisms. Today, reporting online vaping reporting requires a Singpass login. And to have a Singpass account, you must be at least 15 years old.[+25 sentences] What this effectively means is that if you are under 15 years old, you cannot make an online report. Many of these children and students who may witness vaping in schools or even around their town neighbourhoods, are 14 years old and below. With the response by Minister Ong Ye Kung, I am heartened to know that our young are able to call at the Tobacco Regulation Branch to report. But can I also say this: we must understand our target audience. Today, many youths are less or not comfortable picking up that phone to call and file a report. But ask them to fill up a form, or anything online? They are a lot more comfortable. Also, the hotline operates from 9.00 am to 9.00 pm. This is why I hope the task force can consider making youth-appropriate channels to make reporting easier. Let me share another recent example someone shared with me recently. On Telegram channel, where you can purchase drugs in Singapore, he asked me, "David, how can I report?" So, David does not know. What David did was – I was not sure, so I called the Central Narcotics Bureau (CNB). And follow me; I was told to go to the CNB website, scroll all the way down to e-services, click on feedback and enquiries, and file a report there. I was genuinely puzzled. How is drug reporting the same as general feedback or general enquiries? Furthermore, I tried. No Singpass login was required. My main point is this. At the end of the day, if we want our children and youths to be able to continue to grow up in a Singapore that is drug-free, then reporting must be accessible and intuitive, beyond just vape or drugs reporting. Even if you take my recommendation, I wonder whether we can just have a one-stop shop for reporting because today, there are just so many platforms that you can always report things – one service, one form, another form. From children, I will move on next to our families. Let me first and foremost state the obvious. Every parent wants their child to be born healthy and be healthy. But let me also say that not every parent will always be so fortunate. Because according to a KK Women's and Children's Hospital's press release in October 2024, , they said, and I quote, "even with declining birth rates and advancement in medical care, Singapore has a relatively high premature birth rate". And also, in the Ministry of Health's (MOH's) response to my PQ yesterday, Singapore's premature birth rate in our restructured hospitals over the last five years has grown from 10% to 11%.[+1 sentence] In other words, one in every 10 births is premature in our restructured hospitals. This is much higher than our Asian neighbours – Hong Kong at 6.5% and China at 6.9%. It is also in that very same response, my heart sank when I saw this, because MOH's response shared that the average length of a newborn in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) is between 154 days and 299 days.[+7 sentences] Many of these preterm babies spend weeks, sometimes months, in hospital. This translates to significant out-of-pocket costs for parents, even when our subsidies kick in. We should consider how to help these parents better. Truth is, parents of preterm babies will likely exhaust their leave before the child even comes home. And I know this first-hand because my son was born preterm. And yes, this is why I am asking if we could do more for parents of preterm babies because they reached out to me via Instagram after I posted about it before the General Election (GE). One of the ways is whether we can better support them through stronger workplace arrangements at such sudden and overwhelming moments. Specifically, I wonder if the Ministry of Manpower (MOM) can consider extended or flexible leave provision accorded to parents of preterm babies beyond our current Government paid maternity and paternity leave schemes, which is great. This could take the form of a cap extension tied to the additional number of days that a preterm child spends in NICU, so that no parent has to ever worry about running out of leave before the baby comes home.[+6 sentences] Now, supporting parents at the earliest days of a child's life is critical, but you and I know the responsibility does not stop there. As children grow, their needs change. From ensuring care in their first few fragile months of their life, we must also ensure that our children have healthy opportunities to play, stay active, develop holistically and not being glued to their phones. This is why I turn, now, to the importance of making sports and recreation more accessible. During my house visits, several parents of primary school-going children shared their concerns with me, that in our new Built-To-Order (BTO) estates, and even in my own BTO estate that I live in, we often have playgrounds but know of few sports facilities. Some even noted that their homes were far away from the nearest basketball court and as a result, the easy option is to keep the child at home and let them use the phone. So, I suggested, I said, "Uncle, Aunty, why not you book the basketball or badminton court in the school compound close to your home under the dual use scheme for your child to use, and spend your ActiveSG credits there while you're at it".[+1 sentence] Sounds great. But to my surprise, I learned that ActiveSG credits cannot be used for such school facility bookings, even though it is managed by ActiveSG.[+3 sentences] Instead, for those who wish to book such sports facilities in schools, they have to pay out of their own pocket with a credit card or PayNow. Small as this might seem, but these last-mile barriers matter, and I urge a review to ensure that access to sports is affordable, simple and holistic. If it requires inter-Ministry coordination, then we must do better. In this regard, I ask whether the Minister of Culture, Community and Youth (MCCY), Sports Singapore and MOE should consider ensuring that ActiveSG credits can be used for a broader range of sports facilities, alongside with payment gateways options that are harmonised and inclusive.[+1 sentence] Allow me to move on to the third group, which is seniors, who I have grown to love, about how we can help seniors to thrive in the digital world today.
Mr Speaker15 words
[+2 sentences]Mr Hoe, you have a minute and a half left. Just to let you know.
Mr David Hoe348 words
[+2 sentences]While Clementi is home to many young families, a large part of this community is made out of seniors. At a recent community event, I encourage our seniors to embrace technology at their own pace. For some, this is not easy, but I was heartened that they are willing to take the first step forward. But many shared with me their reluctance to go online because of the fear of being scammed.[+1 sentence] Allow me to cite an example. I told them that they could dial 1799 for the ScamShield helpline if they were unsure.[+3 sentences] I tried calling the number myself. Every single thing was in English. That made me pause and I asked myself, who exactly is our target audience? If the major group of this service is our seniors, then should that very first option not be being able to choose your preferred language?[+2 sentences] In fact, this is not just about anti-scam tools. It is about the overall direction of our digital Government services. Many websites, apps and hotlines are still mainly in English.[+1 sentence] ScamShield is just one example, but the principle is broader. If we want our seniors to live confidently in the digital world, then we must make sure our products and services must be designed with them in mind.[+5 sentences] In closing, for our children and youths to be able to define and realise their aspirations, for our parents to be able to raise their kids well, and for our seniors to be able to thrive in a changing world, this does not happen by chance. We need to build the building blocks to make them happen. It takes all of us in this House, whether you are a PAP white or a WP blue, whether you are an officeholder or a backbencher, to build and hold these blocks together. My hope is simple – that we may join hands, set aside our differences where we can, and focus on what unites us, the aspiration of our people and the Singapore we want to build for them. I stand in support of the Motion.
Mr Speaker5 words
[+1 sentence]Mr Abdul Muhaimin Abdul Malik.
Mr Abdul Muhaimin Abdul Malik (Sengkang)2438 words
[+8 sentences]Mr Speaker, I am here today with deep appreciation to the voters of Sengkang. I am honoured to have served in Sengkang as a volunteer since 2020 and now, as their elected representative. I acknowledge the President's call in his address: "Singapore must also remain a home where the vulnerable amongst us are not only cared for with compassion but also empowered to pursue their hopes and dreams." These words remind us of our fundamental duty to ensure that every Singaporean has the opportunity to thrive. This year, Singapore celebrates our 60th year of independence. This milestone presents us with a crucial opportunity for reflection and stocktaking. It is a time to assess not only our achievements but also to honestly examine what we can do better. Most importantly, it compels us to address the emerging cracks in our foundation that threaten to leave some of our fellow Singaporeans behind. Today, I will focus on three areas where we must extend our support: first, extending support in housing through reassessing barriers to entry; second, extending support in rehabilitation beyond punishment and enforcement; and third, extending support in education through more data sharing.[+10 sentences] While I will confine my comments to these areas for now, I look forward to raising other important issues over the course of this term, in particular, the struggles of the sandwiched generation – young parents juggling work, childcare and rising costs of living. Mr Speaker, stable housing offers a safe harbour where individuals and families can rest and recharge. During Singapore's nation-building period in the 1960s, home ownership was prioritised as a tool for nation-building, allowing Singaporeans to have a stake in our country's development. This vision continues today. However, we should be concerned that home ownership has become out of reach, especially for lower-income individuals and families who are unable to afford a place of their own. Many such individuals and families live precariously, in fear of slipping into a situation where they are forced to sell their homes and resort to Government rental flats. But in recent years, even securing Government rental flats can be a challenge. While we recognise that the Housing and Development Board (HDB) has broadened their criteria for rental flats and do not rely solely on income as the main yardstick, demand often outstrips supply. Even successful applicants endure an average waiting period of five months. Renting from the open market also poses its own challenges. Parliamentary records from 2024 show that the average rent for HDB 3-room, 4-room and 5-room flats in the open market has increased significantly by about 10% year-on-year in 2023, for example, the median rent of 3-room flats in Sengkang increased by 11% in the fourth quarter of 2023 compared to the same period in 2022.[+5 sentences] As a result, such individuals and families find themselves torn between increasing rental prices in the open market and long waiting times for public rental flats, additional stressors on top of the absence of stable housing. I acknowledge that the Government has continuously worked to improve housing access for Singaporeans, including recent pilot projects, such as Single Room Shared Facilities and Joint Singles Scheme Operator-Run. However, more needs to be done to address particular groups disproportionately affected by insufficient housing supply. I will briefly touch on two groups in my speech today. First, single unwed parents and their children. Parliamentary records from March 2024 reveal that on average, only 46% of requests from single unwed parents to rent a public rental flat have been successful each year.[+12 sentences] This means that every other single parent – usually young, stressed and limited in options – is denied by the public system, while at their most vulnerable. Second, individuals who are unable to stay with their family members. HDB has cited availability of housing from family members as grounds for rejecting public rental requests, with a lack of clarity on whether other factors are considered, such as the nature of the relationship with family, particularly where it may be strained or abusive. Mr Speaker, there are multitudes of reasons why someone might find themselves in desperate situations – relationship breakdowns, overcrowding, divorces and other circumstances often beyond their control. These should not be treated by our public housing system as personal insufficiency. Instead, we must build a system that empowers individuals and families with equal opportunities for safety, stability and self-sufficiency through basic stable housing. Increasing supply of rental flats and reassessing barriers to entry will be key tasks I aim to speak up about in this term. My proposals include: first, exercising flexibility by always taking applicants' current relationship dynamics with family into consideration before rejecting applications based on availability of housing options with family, and publicly commit to upholding this approach. Second, expanding the public rental housing market to cater to changing aspirations of Singaporeans. This may include exploring flexible and experimental models, such as introducing a universal buy-back scheme for ageing HDB flats, which can then be rented to Singaporeans at rates between commercial and HDB public rentals, offering larger homes and flexible options for those not ready for long-term leases. Mr Speaker, I shall now move on to my next point on extending support in rehabilitation for drug abusers. First, I would like to indicate my support for the overall tough anti-drug stance, coupled with strong education and rigorous enforcement in keeping drug prevalence low. According to the 2024 Singapore Health and Lifestyle Survey, the lifetime prevalence of illicit drug use in Singapore was 2.3%, while 12-month prevalence was 0.7%.[+2 sentences] The prevalence of illicit drug consumption in Singapore was much lower than rates reported in studies from the United States (US), Europe and Australia. Yet, even with these low overall rates, troubling patterns are emerging, particularly among our youths. In 2024, 54% of new drug abusers were under 30, and the number of those under 20 rose by 38%.[+7 sentences] This rise should not be treated as merely a law enforcement issue; it is a complex social challenge affecting individuals, families and entire communities. These trends are undeniably driven by curiosity and peer pressure, but there are also deeper structural and psychological factors that contribute to its increase. Behind every statistic is a person grappling with trauma and a family striving to rebuild. Enforcement alone cannot break the cycle of addiction. Building on existing efforts, we should continue to foster a sustained and rehabilitative approach, one that centres on a community-anchored ecosystem supporting recovery beyond surveillance. This includes better access to counselling, community-fostered mentorship and employment support. Youths who struggle with drug abuse often face significant barriers to successfully reintegrate into society. These include social stigma, employment challenges and weak social support. It is thus concerning that Singapore's two-year recidivism rate for inmates released from Drug Rehabilitation Centres has climbed to 30.8% for the 2022 cohort, significantly above the 21.3% rate for all offenders.[+3 sentences] Rehabilitation efforts must focus on better reintegration and breaking the revolving door between prison and society. The Singapore Prison Service's (SPS') Reintegration Hub and CNB's Supervision 2.0 pilot are promising developments. Hair testing, community supervision sessions, and referrals for housing and employment support are steps in the right direction. As then Minister of State Faishal Ibrahim noted in 2024, hair testing has a longer detection window, allowing reporting frequency to be reduced to once every three months instead of twice weekly under the urine testing regime.[+13 sentences] However, more must be done to ensure that recovery is not just monitored but meaningfully supported by ensuring that individuals have a strong support network that helps them rebuild their lives, not just to avoid relapse. To better tailor interventions, CNB's publicly available data on drug abusers should go beyond race and age to include other data such as education level, socio-economic status, mental health history, employment status and housing type. This allows us to grasp the complex patterns driving drug use or design appropriate interventions that truly address individuals' needs. As regard to integration of ex-offender, we recognise that Yellow Ribbon Singapore has made significant strides in supporting them, but more can be done to help ex-offenders reintegrate into the society. In 2025, The Straits Times reported that while there seems to be more employment opportunities for former offenders after release, other issues, such as, social stigma and personal challenges can affect their retention in those jobs. The career retention rate among former offenders who got jobs with Yellow Ribbon Singapore's help has dropped over the years. Therefore, we should examine the outcomes of initiatives like the Digital Literacy Masterplan and the Uplifting Employment Credit, including job retention rates and career progression. These metrics will help us understand the effectiveness of our rehabilitation efforts and identify areas for improvement. As we move forward, Yellow Ribbon Singapore should be empowered to play a coordinating role across agencies, ensuring that rehabilitation and reintegration of ex-offenders is holistic, sustained and inclusive. Mr Speaker, I now turn to extending support in education, particularly calling for a data-driven approach to better identify needs. In 2021, the Centre for Research on Islamic and Malay Affairs (RIMA) published "Dreams Realised, Dreams Deferred: Understanding and Addressing the Racial Gap in Educational Achievement in Singapore." A key point raised was that the Malay students persistently face an education gap. Then Minister for Education, cited two data points that illustrate this disparity. First, in 2021, he noted that 94% of Malay students who entered Primary 1 in 2009 progressed to post-secondary education, which is lower than the national average of 97%. More recently, in April this year, he referred to Census 2020 data showing that only about 11% of Malay residents aged 25 and above held university degrees, compared to 35% of Chinese and 41% of Indians. MENDAKI's analysis of the same census data further highlighted that Malays accounted for just 4% of all university graduates in 2020.[+12 sentences] Mr Speaker, if we look at the historical context, then-Prime Minister Goh Chok Tong shared in 1999 that in 1998, 1.3% of Malay students dropped out before completing primary or secondary school, with the secondary-level dropout rate at 5.9%. Since then, there has been clear progress. According to recent CNA reporting, fewer than one in 100 students have left secondary school without completing it in the past five years. While there has clearly been progress in reducing dropout rates, the broader educational attainment gap remains stark. There is therefore a pressing need for more comprehensive research and greater access to disaggregated data. Only then can we understand the full picture where the Malay community stands, how their challenges compare with other groups and what targeted policies are needed to close the gap meaningfully. Mr Speaker, I call for several data-driven improvements. First, MOE should track university graduation rates annually by ethnicity to better understand educational outcomes across communities. Second, we need detailed breakdown of data to ascertain the percentage of lower-income Malays reaching university, including release of data on Malay undergraduates applying for MENDAKI Tertiary Tuition Fee Subsidy over the past decade. And third, MOE should release data on school dropout rates by income background and ethnicity to identify vulnerable groups requiring additional support. Mr Speaker, allow me to continue my speech in Malay. (In Malay): Mr Speaker, today I have touched on three areas where we need to continue supporting marginalised segments of society. First, in housing, we need to reassess existing barriers to entry. This will ensure that every family, including unmarried single mothers and individuals who cannot live with their family members, gain access to stable housing.[+2 sentences] Therefore, we call for applicants' relationships with their families to also be taken into consideration before their applications are rejected, and to expand the public rental housing market to meet the evolving aspirations of Singaporeans. Second, in drug rehabilitation, we need an approach that is not merely punishment and enforcement alone. The recidivism rate for inmates released from the Drug Rehabilitation Centre has increased to 30.8% for the 2022 cohort. More worryingly, in 2024, Malay offenders comprised 50% of all drug abusers arrested.[+3 sentences] We need more detailed data to include education levels, socioeconomic status, mental health history, employment status and housing type. Without these details, we cannot fully understand the complex issues that drive drug use, and will thus face challenges in designing appropriate forms of intervention. Third, in education, we need broader data sharing to identify community needs more accurately. According to the 2020 Population Census, only about 11% of Malay residents aged 25 and above held university degrees, compared to 35% of Chinese residents and 41% of Indian residents. To better understand how to increase this percentage, we call for MOE to track and release data on university graduation rates by race, and also to release data on school dropout rates by income background and race.[+15 sentences] Here, I want to emphasise that whilst I focus attention on challenges faced by the Malay community, assistance and support should be given to all who need it, regardless of their background. We cannot allow anyone to continue being left behind in the nation's development journey. Our approach is based on principles of social justice and robust data. We want a system that provides equal opportunities to all individuals. MPs from the WP will strive and continue to work to be a voice for all Singaporeans, including the Malay/Muslim community. We believe that a strongly supported society will benefit Singapore as a whole. When we help those who are marginalised amongst us, we will together advance all Singaporeans, regardless of their race or background. : Mr Speaker, I return to the President's address. A Singapore that is home to all of us cannot merely be an aspiration, but an imperative for us to achieve together. The challenges I have outlined today in housing, rehabilitation and education require not just Government action, but a whole-of-society response. They demand not just policy changes but a fundamental commitment to seeing the dignity and potential in every Singaporean. I assure this House that the problems of those at risk of falling through the cracks, especially but not limited to Malay lower-income households, will be consistently highlighted in Parliament. The WP elected representatives will work tirelessly to be the people's voice and to continue working for all Singaporeans, regardless of race or background. I believe strongly that when we lift the most vulnerable among us, we lift all of Singapore. When we ensure that every family has stable housing, every person struggling with addiction has a meaningful path to recovery and every student has access to quality education regardless of their background, we strengthen the very fabric of our society. Mr Speaker, I support the Motion.
Mr Speaker3 words
[+1 sentence]Mr Darryl David.
Mr Darryl David (Ang Mo Kio)2502 words
[+5 sentences]Mr Speaker, the 15th term of Parliament opens at a pivotal moment in our history. In his Opening address, the President reminded us that the world is entering an era of profound uncertainty, marked by shifting power balances, rapid technological disruptions and new threats to stability. Unlike other countries, Singapore's survival is based neither on natural resources nor a hinterland, as we have neither. Rather, our greatest resource has always been, and will always remain, our people. Our forefathers have laid the foundations to transform a largely unskilled workforce into one of the most competitive in the world. In the 1960s, less than six in 10 adults were literate; today, our literacy rate is approximately 98%. As of 2024, almost 65% of our population above age 25 have completed post-secondary education, with approximately 36% of our population above the age 25 holding a university degree, making us amongst countries that have high tertiary attainment.[+16 sentences] Our students are frequently ranked among the very best internationally in mathematics, science and problem-solving; and our universities are ranked among the best in the world. Mr Speaker, I list these achievements, not to boast or to be proud, but to make the point that these achievements are neither accidental nor due to a stroke of luck. They are the fruit of deliberate investment in our people. And as we celebrate 60 years of independence, let us remind ourselves that what we do in this term of Government will lay the foundation for the next 40 years, in the lead up to SG100. Education must continue to be one of the most powerful instruments to unlock talent, nurture resilience and inspire Singaporeans into our next chapter. Mr Speaker, two values or concepts have always anchored me in life. They are relevance and value-add. Simply put, you will be replaced and sidelined if you are irrelevant and do not add value in whatever you do. This is true not only for individuals or professionals, but also for nations, as President Tharman reminded us in his Opening address. Singapore today stands at a pivotal moment of uncertainty and turbulence. For Singapore to survive and thrive, we must ask ourselves, are we relevant to the rest of the world? How can we as a nation add value to the broader conversations that are happening elsewhere? I spent almost 25 years in the education industry and at present, I am the chief executive officer at an international school, so I firmly believe that education, too, must always be seen through this dual lens of relevance and value-adding. Everything we do for our students, our workers, our people must equip them with the relevant skills so they can plug into the regional and global economy, and education must value-add to their personal and professional growth journey to the day they become better professionals, better individuals, better citizens of Singapore. We want to prepare Singaporeans, not just for today, but for tomorrow and, in this regard, I will touch on four areas in my speech: education technology (EdTech) and AI in education; enhancing neurodiverse education; holistic education, incorporating emotional and mental wellness; and more pathways for students and adult learners. An area where relevance and value-add intersect is Edtech. In 2020, MOE has committed to provide every secondary school student a personal learning device (PLD) under the National Digital Literacy programme to nurture future-ready digital learners.[+7 sentences] But why stop here? If digital literacy is foundational for the future, then should we not extend this commitment to our primary school students as well? I have spoken on this before in Parliament and I believe that a common tablet-like device preloaded with essential software and learning content that are centrally managed by MOE's Edtech division can be rolled out across primary schools, or we can as a pilot programme, for example. This initiative is aligned with both our Smart Nation push as well as our National Digital Literacy programme. I would imagine that such a platform could provide every child, every child, regardless of background, with a one stop e-learning gateway. If done at scale, the cost per device would fall significantly and standardisation would ensure that every student, teacher and even parent is working within a consistent, secure and effective digital ecosystem. Singapore is not alone in pursuing such solutions. In 2024, South Korea announced a similar initiative to launch a multi-billion dollar programme to distribute tablets and AI digital textbooks nationwide to students.[+9 sentences] Here, I hope that MOE could work closely with the Ministry of Digital Development and Information (MDDI) and even private sector partners to realise this vision. I said MOE and MDDI, so I am looking at my Ang Mo Kio GRC sister, Minister of State Jasmine Lau, and we should have more conversations over coffee about this. Mr Speaker, we cannot talk about EdTech without addressing the use of AI in education. AI is already here. It is evolving even as I am speaking right now, and it is shaping how our students learn and how our teachers teach. We cannot ignore the use of AI. When done right, AI is a legitimate tool and a very effective tool to augment teaching and learning, so we need to figure out how to guide its use so our teachers can benefit from it in a responsible manner. We want AI to amplify learning, not diminish or detract from it. One of my biggest concerns in the use of AI in education is how we can ensure that it does not erode critical thinking and original thought. On the worst-case scenario, having our students cross into plagiarism or ripping off someone else's work unknowingly, because they do not know how to use AI responsibly. I believe our assessment models need to be redesigned to balance between responsible use of AI and genuine value-add in learning.[+5 sentences] For instance, assessment can be designed to differentiate between AI-assisted work versus original thought. Students can use AI for research, data gathering, idea generation with interpretation analysis being in the students' own words. By redesigning our assessment methods, we can keep education relevant in the AI-age by ensuring that our students reap genuine benefit and not just replicate what machines do. On to equality and equity in neurodiverse education. When we first design our education system, we started with ensuring that every child has equal access to opportunities, follows the same school rules and has the same classroom experience. These principles have helped us create common teaching experiences and learning experiences for all students, regardless of their aptitude and disposition. But as we observe, as we understand our students, especially those who are neurodiverse, then fitting everyone in the same education mould is probably not the best approach. Equity recognises that not all minds work in the same way, and that some students need differentiated approaches to fully engage and thrive.[+13 sentences] A child who functions differently may need to stand and pace at the back of the classroom to think clearly. Another may need to fidget or twirl an object to focus. Providing these allowances would not necessarily compromise the integrity of a classroom. On the contrary, these allowances might be the key to create a participative, inclusive learning environment where every child, every child can immerse himself or herself fully in learning. Equality gives every student a place in the classroom. Equity gives every student the support they need to flourish within that classroom. I believe our goal is to design an education system that is built on the principles of inclusion, not exclusion; and integration, not segregation. So, creating an inclusive classroom requires a mental shift in how we view what participative learning is and how teachers can conduct their lessons. We, thus, need to find a middle ground by combining equality and equity so that we create classrooms that are not only fair, but also nurturing, where every student, every student, regardless of their learning profile, can develop their strengths, contribute meaningfully and reach their full potential. I believe this is how our education system can be relevant to all learners and value-add meaningfully to the learning outcomes of different learners. Mr Speaker, in today's world, students face a myriad of pressures that are more complex and pervasive than ever before. Academic competition, performance anxiety, comparison culture on social media, personal challenges and so on. We must, thus, equip them with the emotional and mental resilience to thrive, and this is the third topic in my speech. A step forward in this area is to, perhaps, consider providing students who are in secondary schools and above with holistic support through mandatory counselling and mental wellness services.[+7 sentences] Why secondary school students and above? Well, because it is typically in the teenage years that many issues and challenges, both mental and emotional, present themselves, and this is where students and parents could use the most help and support. I have a 17-year-old son and a 14-year-old daughter, and I am sure anyone who has teenage children or has been through the experience of teenage children, will probably sympathise with me here. It is not enough to just increase the demand on the number of allied educators or make support available on demand. I would like to advocate for a scheme – it is pretty radical, but hear me out – where every student is required to engage with their counsellor, psychologist, therapist or other allied healthcare professional for a minimum number of hours each month, with additional sessions available for those who need more support. This is akin to how it is mandatory for students to go for regular school-based dental and medical healthcare screenings. After all, let us think about it for a minute. If we believe in physical health screenings to avert more serious medical problems downstream, then why not apply the same principle to mental and emotional health screenings to avert serious problems downstream?[+10 sentences] I believe there are multiple benefits to this proposal. Firstly, it normalises help-seeking behaviour and reduces the stigma around mental health. It allows students to work on challenges, such as stress, anxiety, anger or social conflicts, before they escalate into bullying and/or emotional outbursts. We just had a whole session on bullying earlier this week, so my proposal could very well pick up on the anger and the issues that potential students, who might end up bullying others, are struggling with ahead of time. Second, it integrates holistic pastoral care into the everyday educational experience in school, reinforcing the idea that emotional and mental wellness are as important as academic achievement. Thirdly, beyond the students themselves, such a system would create meaningful careers for counsellors, therapists, psychologists and other allied healthcare professionals, thus strengthening Singapore's ecosystem of support by facilitating access to these professionals within the community. This proposal is not as radical as it sounds, considering that some companies have in place employee support schemes for employees in high-pressure roles to undergo regular counselling. So, why should this not be something we can consider extending to a young adult whose formative years are equally crucial? By embedding holistic wellness into education, we are preparing our students not only to succeed academically, but to develop the resilience, empathy and self-awareness they will need to thrive in life. And my final topic is more pathways for students and adult learners, Mr Speaker. MOE has made commendable progress in expanding post-primary and post-secondary pathways through initiatives, such as the DSA and the Direct Polytechnic Admission.[+3 sentences] These schemes have opened doors for students with diverse strengths, offering them alternate routes into the next stage of their education. The challenge now is to ensure that these pathways remain relevant and responsive to the needs of a changing world. While we look at designing better and more holistic education systems for our young, we must not forget about our adult learners and our workforce. In an economy that is becoming more dynamic and evolutionary, it is increasingly essential for us to create a T-shaped workforce that have deep expertise in functional areas, which is the vertical; yet broad enough in perspectives and skills, the horizontal; to collaborate across disciplines. The combination of depth and breadth will make our workforce adaptable, employable and ready to thrive in a world that values both specialisation and versatility.[+1 sentence] The key here, Mr Speaker, is employability. This is why MOE must continue closely with MOM, SkillsFuture Singapore and even industry partners to ensure that continuing employment training are aligned with macro market needs.[+11 sentences] Only by doing so, we will ensure that our learners, whether they are students, who are just leaving school, or adults seeking mid-career transition can remain relevant in their skills and also add value in the future economy. Mr Speaker, it has often been said that Singapore's only natural resource is our people. Indeed, that has always been true. And today, it is truer than ever. For decades, our progress has been built on the capability, skills, the resilience of Singaporeans. This has enabled us to grow from a vulnerable young nation to a successful and respected one, But success brings about its own challenges. The higher we climb, the more difficult it is for us to keep innovating, evolving and climbing to the next stage. Yet we must. We must, because the world around us is shifting rapidly. We must ensure that our education continues to produce talent that are well sought after because the relevancy of their skills and how they value-add to the work they do. Mr Speaker, many years ago I made a speech on the PSLE, where I referred to it as the mother of all exams. I think the Prime Minister was then the Education Minister and he found my comment quite amusing. But I am very heartened by what the Prime Minister has said in his speech yesterday, that focus on aspects of education in Singapore, especially the need to reduce the stakes of single examination. So, while I may not stick to my view, that it is the mother of all exams, Prime Minister, I certainly hope that his comments will be heeded and we review, we review how the PSLE stress, that is brought about by the PSLE, can, perhaps, be better-managed or be better-received by the various stakeholders. I also wholeheartedly agree with the Prime Minister that, increasingly, in a world of today, what you can do is more important than what paper you have.[+3 sentences] MOE is the chief architect, Mr Speaker, that shapes our people and our workforce. In this upcoming term of Government, as Chairman of the Government Parliamentary Committee (GPC) for Education, I look forward to working closely with our MOE leaders, our educators, our industry, our parents and other stakeholders, to ensure that we nurture not only resilient and skilled individuals, but also Singaporeans with the compassion, empathy and imagination to take Singapore to the next level and beyond. Mr Speaker, Sir, I end my speech in firm support of the Motion.
Mr Speaker3 words
[+1 sentence]Mr Dennis Tan.
Mr Dennis Tan Lip Fong (Hougang)2591 words
[+4 sentences]Mr Speaker, I would, first, like to start off by thanking my dear Hougang voters and residents for allowing me, once again, to represent them in this Parliament. In Mandarin. (In Mandarin): Mr Speaker, firstly, I would like to thank my dear residents and voters in Hougang for allowing me to represent them in Parliament again. : Mr Speaker, in his address at the Opening of the 15th Parliament on 5 September 2025, President Tharman Shanmugaratnam spoke on several themes, including enhancing assurance for all Singaporeans, fostering a more compassionate "we first" society, and deepening solidarity, and strengthening our resilience and enhancing sustainable efforts in face of climate challenges. In my speech, I will be touching on issues relating to these themes. President Tharman spoke of a Singapore where our seniors can age with dignity, purpose and joy. He specifically mentioned that Healthier SG and Age Well SG will help seniors stay healthy in body and mind and provide more choices for independent living.[+9 sentences] In his National Day Rally in August, Prime Minister Lawrence Wong spoke of the Age Well Neighbourhoods initiative, which would allow for seniors to age in the communities that they are familiar with, and which also aim to deliver assisted living support and services to seniors where they live. Such services include community health posts, access to wellness and social activities, including new activities for both women and men. And for those requiring more assistance, there is also help with daily living activities, such as washing, eating and housekeeping. Such services are currently available in HDB's Community Care Apartments, but in limited estates. I welcome the provision of such services to our seniors who choose to remain in their own flats in the same neighbourhoods they may have lived in for a long time. Many seniors prefer to continue living in the same neighbourhoods they are familiar with for many years – the familiarity, the neighbourly friendships are important for many seniors. I do hope that the goals of the Age Well initiative are translated into tangible underground support, including especially through our Active Ageing Centres. I see that the role of our Active Ageing Centres will become even more important. Let me touch on a few areas of concern I have on this. The Prime Minister had highlighted Toa Payoh's impressive growth in Active Ageing Centres from six to 13 to ensure seniors who do not have to walk far to find a community.[+3 sentences] In Hougang, we have four Active Ageing Centres within the single member constituency. So, while our centres in Hougang and I am sure elsewhere in Singapore are very much in demand and well-appreciated by many residents who use their services, I do note that the size of the centres is often a limitation to the amount of activities they can organise. Many centres need to make use of the common spaces in the vicinity of their centres, requiring access via Town Councils or the local Residents' Networks. In light of the new Age Well initiative, I urge MOH to consider increasing resources for all Active Ageing Centres, whether resources for manpower, space or for more activities, so that every senior who wants to participate actively has all the opportunity to do so with less need to wait their turns.[+20 sentences] I hope the Government will make greater efforts to allocate a bigger space to our Active Ageing Centres at the onset, or where ground conditions may allow. In this connection, I would like to ask: how does MOH determine the number of residents assigned to each centre? Given the physical limitation of centre spaces, or even manpower shortages, perhaps, it is time to rethink the resident allocation. We may wish to consider reducing the number of residents allocated per centre. This may allow staff to improve outreach, create more meaningful connections with our seniors and enhance the quality of our seniors' time at the centres. As indicated earlier, Active Ageing Centres may often need to rely on common spaces in our community for their activities due to space constraints. I urge the Government to assist centres to make it easier to book these spaces with other agencies, as well as helping to lower, if not, absorb the costs, if any, of using these premises. Perhaps, MOH can help to coordinate with other agencies and stakeholders in this regard. I would also like to ask again what is the Government's strategy for reaching residents who are not currently participating in any community activities with the Active Ageing Centres? I have previously called on MOH to study this issue. With the new Age Well initiative. It is even more crucial for MOH to dedicate resources to this critical outreach challenge. There is now a greater imperative to keep more seniors in touch and engaged. I am keen to understand what percentage of residents the Active Ageing Centres have been unable to engage and how many refuse participation after initial engagement. Does MOH track the reasons for non-engagement and non-participation, or even those who dropped off after initial contact? I hope that MOH will study these issues. While some seniors may have their own active social networks, better outreach will only help to serve more seniors and better enable the new Age Well initiative and the Healthier SG to achieve their stated goals. Mr Speaker, President Tharman spoke of cushioning burdens and pressures of cost and daily living and ensuring that every citizen has access to life's essentials. I have previously called for removing Annual Value as a means testing criterion for residents with zero household income. This is also in our WP manifesto, and indeed, MPs across the aisle have raised this issue in the previous Parliament. While healthcare subsidies were recently expanded, an Annual Value of over $21,000 still denies crucial medical subsidies to some of those without income, so I am reiterating this call today. The Annual Value is an unjust metric, often outside a homeowner's control. A person's eligibility should be based on transparent person-oriented criteria, not property valuation.[+11 sentences] We should delink healthcare affordability from property values. Let us use a more accurate person-centric measures to ensure our social safety net is truly strong and fair, especially for our seniors. Mr Speaker, President Tharman had also spoken of building a society where no one is left behind. He stressed that by strengthening assurance and keeping opportunities open, we can build a more resilient and confident society, even in an uncertain world. He also spoke of nurturing a "we first" society, one that is more open and engaged, where citizens are empowered to take initiative and lead ground-up programmes. This is about building a society with deepened solidarity. These aspirations must surely go beyond economic metrics. They should allow Singaporeans to pursue their passions and to build a society that is not only prosperous but also rich in culture and spirit. Former US President John F Kennedy once said, and I quote, "The life of the arts, far from being an interruption, a distraction in the life of a nation, is very close to the centre of a nation's purpose... and is a test of the quality of a nation's civilisation". This aptly reminds us that while policies have a role to play, it is through art, culture and shared experiences that the people's values are truly shaped. It is paramount that there are spaces for artists to thrive and for our collective spirit to flourish. The recent closure of The Projector in August this year, due to immense pressures of rising costs and changing consumer habits, is a stark and painful reminder of the challenges facing some of our creative communities.[+4 sentences] It was more than just a cinema; it was a sanctuary for independent artistic expression and a beacon for communities that struggled to find their place. This is not an isolated tragedy. It follows the permanent closure of The Substation, our first independent art centre. Among the reasons for The Substation's closure was the changes in the way they were allowed to use the premise, which meant they could no longer operate in the same manner as before. We also witnessed the displacement of The Necessary Stage, a pillar of our theatre scene from a 17-year-old home, due to redevelopment.[+1 sentence] These events are not just individual losses. They point to a deeper structural issue where our independent art spaces, the very heart of a ground up culture, lack the long-term stability to survive the combined forces of economic pressure, urban redevelopment and perhaps, less supportive policies.[+14 sentences] The impact on our artists and our national soul is indelible, and with every closure of such a space, our country becomes culturally poorer. To truly become a world-class arts hub, we must ensure that our own independent and creative voices are not left behind. A vibrant culture must be nurtured from the ground up, grounded in the authenticity, diversity and the originality of our local artists and the spaces that cultivate them. On the occasion of our nation's 60th birthday this year, we must reflect on the society that we are and the society that we hope to become. Are we content to be a society where homegrown initiatives are almost inevitably replaced by those bigger and better resource? In his National Day Rally speech, the Prime Minister spoke of the importance of the Singapore Spirit. This spirit is, of course, more than just economic progress; it must be tempered with a Singaporean soul and I submit that independent public spaces where artists can develop their craft, communities can be nurtured, and hearts and minds can be expanded, can go some way to contribute to this Singaporean soul. It is my hope that we can reimagine the role of the arts in Singapore, not as an indulgence, but as a pillar of who we are. This means a possible two-pronged approach. First, by creating policies that offer long-term stability for independent art spaces and increasing governmental support where it is most needed for these groups. Second, and crucially, we must foster a collective mindset that sees the arts as essential to our national fabric. Together, through more supportive policies and everyday choices, we can ensure the local artists and independent spaces thrive. By doing so, we lend our hand to the ground up initiatives of our arts community and, in turn, we can strengthen our society and deepen the solidarity that defines us. Mr Speaker, I next speak on climate action and accountability. President Tharman brightly spoke of climate change as an existential threat.[+1 sentence] Mr Speaker, on 10 February 2025, Singapore submitted its 2035 Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC), which was to reduce emissions to 45-50 million tonnes carbon dioxide equivalent (MtCO2e) by 2035. This represents finally a downward emissions trajectory towards the path to achieving net-zero emissions by 2050, as previously announced in 2022.[+5 sentences] These climate change targets are important to signal Singapore's commitment to the United Nation (UN) Framework Convention on Climate Change and its Paris Agreement. To put into effect these climate targets, Singapore has passed several laws to address climate change, including the Carbon Pricing Act, which puts in place a carbon tax. There are several pathways for Singapore to achieve net-zero, but not all of these are entirely clear at the moment, given global uncertainties and rollbacks in climate efforts. In addition to decarbonisation, Singapore is already importing electricity from neighbouring countries and is exploring purchasing carbon credits, carbon captured, utilisation and storage solutions, and even thinking of building small and medium sized nuclear plants to meet our needs. Knowing more details on these pathways will help inspire trust among the Singaporeans in these options. The WP has consistently asked for clarity on the carbon tax allowances provided to emissions-intensive and trade-exposed sectors in this House, and how these transitory allowances may impact Singapore's ability to achieve its 2030 and 2025 NDCs.[+1 sentence] The question that remains in is whether these laws and measures will be sufficient in its contribution in an era of global boiling, a term coined by former UN Secretary General in July 2023. Following a recent 10-day visit by the UN Special Rapporteur on human rights to a clean, healthy and sustainable environment, Ms Astrid Puentes Riaño, in May 2025, it was reported and there was, I quote her, "significant space for improvement" for Singapore to reduce emissions and protect nature. Notably, Ms Puentes Riaño pointed out the lack of clarity on when environmental impact assessments are done, when they are published, and what is published, and urged the Singapore Government to be more inclusive in engaging the public on environmental matters.[+3 sentences] The transitory allowance framework provides allowances to ease the financial burden of the carbon tax. However, there is a lack of publicly available information on its implementation and success. With greater details, it will be less difficult for Singaporeans to assess whether these allowances are effective in incentivising companies to decarbonise, and to understand how does the Government ensure that businesses do not use carbon offsets to avoid the more challenging and expensive work of transitioning their operations to be more efficient and less carbon intensive. In this regard, I think Deputy Prime Minister Gan Kim Yong for his reply to my PQ yesterday where he said that the Government will review the provision of the transitory allowances for companies in Emissions-Intensive and Trade-Exposed sectors and adjust them based on how companies have delivered on their decarbonisation plans, taking into consideration international developments and advancements in the carbonisation technologies. I still hope that the Ministry can in due course provide more details on the Transitory Allowance Framework, including its performance metrics and a clear evaluation of its success in driving decarbonisation. I would also like to know whether the Government has an existing verification and accreditation framework in place to assess if all companies eligible for carbon tax allowances have met their criteria?[+3 sentences] If so, can the Government share more information on this in this House? Finally, if our climate strategy relies on technologies which are still developing, such as carbon capture, utilisation and storage, we must expect these technologies must scale up as quickly and affordably as hoped, so that Singapore may not fall short of the goals. Ultimately, the urgency of the global climate crisis may demand that we prioritise proven, impactful measures. Can the Government share more on its efforts to overcome challenges arising from the quality and integrity of carbon credits to date, including the limited supply of eligible, high-quality carbon credits that meet Singapore's stringent criteria and also the effectiveness of our current carbon-offsetting programme?[+7 sentences] Are these offsets genuinely leading to a reduction in global emissions? We must continue to ensure that our commitment to tackling climate change is reflected in a decisive and transparent plan of action that meets the urgency of this crisis. Mr Speaker, the points I have made today on Active Ageing Centres, means-testing for healthcare, the arts and our efforts to fight climate change, all point to the goal of building a more resilient and compassionate society. We must embrace policies that are transparent, fair and grounded in community. This means providing practical, on-the-ground support for our seniors; ensuring our social safety nets are both just and effective; and fostering a vibrant arts community that strengthens our national soul. It is only by addressing these diverse challenges with unity and a renewed sense of purpose that we can build the caring and confident Singapore we all aspire to be. Mr Speaker, I support the Motion.
The Senior Parliamentary Secretary to the Minister for Sustainability and the Environment (Ms Goh Hanyan)2119 words
[+26 sentences]Mr Speaker, I rise in support of the Motion to thank the President for his address. Mr Speaker, Singapore has been described by some as a swan, calm and collected on the surface, but paddling hard beneath. That is what we are as a nation. That quiet, unwavering tenacity is what brought us from mudflats to metropolis. But have we arrived? No, I believe we have just begun. Singapore is safe, stable and secure, but let us be clear that is not our pinnacle. It is our floor. For the next phase of Singapore's development, Mr Speaker, I would like us to challenge ourselves to be that swan that paddles strong in order to take flight to set our gaze beyond the waterline, to put the wind beneath our people's wings. That is how we will stay stable on the water and soar boldly into an uncertain future. To do so, we need to tap into what truly moves us. We all know that feeling – that tug at your heartstrings, not because of sadness, but because you care about something so much, it moves you. Think back on that moment for you. Your child's first steps. Helping a friend in need. Delivering your maiden speech in Parliament. Hold on to that feeling. I hope we can build a Singapore where our youths can feel free to pursue what stirs that precise emotion in them. For us to be a nation that is not just remembered for its order and efficiency but remembered for its soul. For the dreams that it ignites, for the passion that it arouses, and for the courage it gives its young people to pursue what matters to them the most. But for our youths to dream, we need to recognise the realities that they live in. It means little to them when we compare what they have today to our past successes because today is all they know. On many accounts, they are in a good position compared to their peers globally. Yet many feel unsupported, and some are uncertain about the future. While they may have better starting points today, they are unlikely to see as sharp an inflection in our nation's development as their parents did, and that is because we are a maturing economy. While they are more connected, they yearn for real connections. In 2024, a poll by the Institute of Policy Studies found that those between the ages of 21 and 34 reported a higher loneliness score.[+2 sentences] More importantly, they were more comfortable interacting online than in person. While the quality of care is increasing, they will shoulder a greater burden of care. Ten years ago, there were about six working-age adults for every senior. The number today is three and a half and it is expected to shrink.[+8 sentences] So, for our youth to dream, we need to set them on the right path and address three fundamental shifts in their reality, from where they start in life, to how they experience life, and how they care for who they love. First, our youth will experience unequal starting points that they have left unchecked will likely widen with intergenerational wealth transfers. Meritocracy has brought Singapore fairness and growth. A person is rewarded because of his effort and that remains the best organising principle for a society that is multicultural, multireligious and multiracial like Singapore. However, we need to recognise its consequences and adapt. When everyone started from zero, effort was enough. Today, children inherit their parents' advantages, and as such, starting points very greatly right at birth through no effort of the child. Let us take a simple example to illustrate. Today, a median worker in Singapore earns about $66,000 annually. Compare this to an individual who inherits $5,000,000 in assets.[+31 sentences] He cashes it out, puts it into a fixed deposit of 1.6%. He or she then earns $80,000 in interest annually. Now this is passive income. In other words, this person is earning 20% more than your median worker. As I said, this is an extremely simplistic example but it is to say that we have to pay attention to returns to capital and returns to labour. Furthermore, wealth accumulation is self-reinforcing. Those with more wealth tend to have higher investment returns and this is because they have better access to financial literacy and riskier financial products. These advantages are then transferred from one generation to the next, widening wealth positions. This is not a unique problem for Singapore. Countries around the world recognise this and are trying ways to address wealth inequality. For example, Spain has a net wealth tax, France has an inheritance tax. However, these instruments have their limitations. Some are prone to loopholes, while others are challenging to administer. And that is because wealth is inherently extremely mobile. But Singapore must find our own way, one where those with more, must contribute more. One that still preserves our values of self-reliance and competitiveness, one where we raise revenues in a way that is fair and progressive. To be clear, this is not about culling tall poppies. This is about giving greater consideration to one's wealth, in addition to one's income within our tax system. This is about channelling accumulated wealth into increasing opportunity and social mobility. When we do this well and channel more resources towards youths that are less privileged, they will feel it. No youth deserves to start 10 laps behind before the race has even begun. In the past few months at Nee Soon, I have seen this myself. Students struggling to get back on their two feet because they are from an abusive family. One where her dad just passed away and others working part-time to supplement a single parent income. These youths need to know that they can break the cycle and chart their own paths. That is how we move forward as a nation. One where every person, every young person has the chance to dream, regardless where they start in life. Second, youths today face a rapidly transforming world because of technology especially AI. AI has helped to do things faster, better and cheaper that has freed us up from the routine tasks. At the same time, there are valid anxieties over how AI impacts our jobs and our sectors. Our youths today, wonder whether the skills they pick up will prepare them for the jobs of tomorrow. According to a LinkedIn study, professionals today, 10% of them hold roles that did not even exist in the year 2000.[+9 sentences] Imagine what that number will be 10 years from now. The reality is that no one can predict with certainty how jobs will change, and it is precisely because we cannot predict how jobs will change that we must tap into what makes us human and hone in on that. In an everchanging world, I believe that play remains the most important skill to adapt. We must ensure that our youths have the opportunities to experiment, construct meaning from experiences and interact in real life. Because the messy and imperfect spaces where we interact is where we develop our deepest resilience. Now that, is what differentiates human intelligence from artificial. As the phrase goes: having an education is one thing, being educated is another. Our education system must go beyond teaching people how to do economically productive things to one that teaches them how to be in the world, how to interact with others, how to think. Our agencies and other stakeholders have taken steps to address this. For example, the National Youth Council has their Youth Expedition Projects that give students overseas experiences. Stakeholders like The Astronauts Collective have expanded mentorship opportunities and career exploration to our Institute of Technical Education (ITE) and polytechnic students.[+21 sentences] I saw first-hand how such experiences can be empowering. In June this year, I had the chance to attend the National Youth Council's Leaders Course. This is an annual three-day two-night programme where they bring students from different backgrounds – ITE, polytechnics and universities. At the closing event, a few students were invited on stage to share about their experiences. One of these experiences and sharing resonated deeply with me. He was an ITE student. He went on stage and he shared that at the start of the programme he initially felt out of place and shy. I was surprised by how vulnerable and honest he was in that moment. Then, he shared that it was through the support of his group mates and the activities over the three days that he too realised that he had something to bring to the table. And at the end of it, you could see him standing on stage smiling brightly, presenting confidently and commanding the stage. You could tell from his body language how proud he was. Something had shifted within him. He felt it. We need more of such experiences where our youths can move into uncomfortable spaces, tap into what they had all along, and believe in themselves. It is by working through our deepest discomfort, engaging with others that we grow. It is not by sitting behind a screen alone. Third, our youths are growing up in an ageing Singapore that will place immense pressure on them as they enter adulthood. Once a nation that cared for babies and children, we are now, a nation that cares for the old. Not everyone has children, but everyone has parents. Supporting this generation therefore means supporting them and backing them to care for who they love. Globally, people spend a staggering 16.4 billion hours every single day on unpaid care. According to a Duke-National University of Singapore study, primary informal caregivers in Singapore spend an average of 33 hours each week on care.[+11 sentences] This scale is significant. It is staggering. It is shocking. As family sizes decrease, the balance between work and caregiving will tip, forcing our youth to choose between family or progression. We can do better. Care is essential to dignity and social cohesion. We must create systems where care is shared more fully, recognised more strongly and supported more holistically. Progression and family should not be a binary choice. They must come hand in hand. In Singapore, we have increased financial support for caregivers and that is a really good start. But we all know, it is the visits to the hospital, the unscheduled calls for help that that really, really strains. In other countries like Switzerland, they provide leave for caregivers.[+10 sentences] That is something we should evaluate along with similar policies that not only address financial needs, but also time and effort of our caregivers. So, Mr Speaker, rather than looking in the rear view mirror, our youths must be able to look ahead. They must be able to chart their own paths. They must be given the room and the ability to dream. To our youths, I am committed to meet you at your realities from where you start in life to how you experience life and when you enter adulthood, to how you care for who you love. The words of my children's favourite song, and probably some of you as well, it truly describes the future that I hope we can forge for you today: "I am done hiding, now I am shining, like I am born to be. We are dreaming hard, we came so far, now, I believe." Mr Speaker, please let me say a few lines in Mandarin. (In Mandarin): This year marks the 60th anniversary of Singapore and our society has entered a rapid changing new era. Although our younger generation does not worry about basic necessities, like every generation of young people, they too have their own anxieties and pressures. For example, young people worry that their jobs will be replaced by AI, so they are all working hard to learn about AI. But I hope that while young people are catching up with AI, they will also look around, spend more time with family and friends and go outdoors, participate more in group activities, experience life, strengthen their interpersonal skills and most importantly, cultivate resilience in facing failure and overcoming challenges. Beyond this, we must provide more support programmes to help young people reduce their burden and worries. Let them pursue their aspirations with greater confidence and ability. I hope Singapore can serve as a strong foundation for the younger generation to courageously pursue their dreams. : Mr Speaker, in conclusion, let us leave behind a Singapore where our children and their children can also say, "They gave us a Singapore that was not just safe, but one where the heart, soul and wonder of its people were nurtured".
Mr Speaker4 words
[+1 sentence]Ms Yeo Wan Ling.
Ms Yeo Wan Ling (Punggol)2367 words
[+27 sentences]Mr Speaker, Sir, time really flies. It seems only yesterday when I delivered my maiden speech in Parliament. But five years has since passed and it has certainly been a very eventful and heartwarming five years for me. I recall my maiden speech, like many in the House, was about kindness and I shared about the childhood days I spent in the 1980s, in the Holland Drive neighbourhood where my father had his clinic. It was about the friendships we had with our neighbours, many who I still remember vividly. Uncle Mohammad and the magazine and stationery store he used to run – it was called PMS – and I remembered 8 Days picked it up as a most noteworthy name. Aunty Siew Ying, a Malaysian turned Singaporean who ran a snatzy Jantzen hairdressing salon – that wa where I got my first professional haircut after years of grandma's home bowl haircut. I still remember vividly, ooh, the excitement my sister and I had tasting our first very adult, very grown-up "XO Fishhead Bee Hoon" from Uncle Chang who opened that innovative new stall in the coffeeshop right next to my dad's clinic. The fondness I had for the neighbourhood was all about the kindness that the community had for one another. We knew each other by name. My parents trusted our neighbours enough that my sister and I could always run around the neighbourhood unaccompanied. We shared news about our lives and families, and most importantly, we counted on each other to seek and give help openly. I know that these values ring true in many fellow Singaporean's hearts because in the days that followed from that maiden speech, I had Punggol residents and volunteers who came up to me and ask if I was Dr Yeo's daughter, as he used to be their family doctor, and they recall that neighbourhood I grew up in and all its residents there with much fondness. One of them recalled me and my sister hanging out in my dad's clinic in our school pinafores, and honestly, that made me feel very warm. But I am particularly heart-warmed that one of our Punggol residents who remembered my father well, eventually also had her daughter, Chloe, who is now studying to be a doctor, volunteer with us, and she is now a loved young community leader. Indeed, kindness begets kindness and that is the true virtuous circle of life. Mr Speaker, I believe that when you call out to the Universe, the Universe will answer you, and over the past five years, I have seen much kindness in our communities. It might seem to be a very distant memory, but COVID-19, DORSCON Orange, Circuit-Breaker, contact-tracing, vaccinations, isolation, PETs, swabbings only ended and went into the endemic phase just some 30 months ago. I remember I spent the first three years of my time as an MP in a mask, dealing with COVID-19 community matters, assuaging fears, comforting distress, dispelling disinformation and getting residents who were new to me to place their trust in me, even in a mask, and to place trust in our Government policies. It was only with the kindness and fortitude of our trusty community volunteers and leaders that we were able to do what we did. My community leader, Patrick, was with me when we delivered our Care Packs in the middle of the night to residents who had COVID. Kathryn was with me when we allayed the fears of residents who saw cleaners in full PET kits cleaning up the Punggol Plaza "COVID Cluster". Cristine was with me when we identified and set up rest areas in Punggol coffeeshops to allow our delivery riders to rest and eat between their delivery rounds. Winston and Charles were with me when we set up our first counters to distribute – believe it or not hand-made face masks with care vouchers. To the Chloes, Patricks, Kathryns, Cristines, Winstons and Charles, and all our brave community leaders, this is a Motion of Thanks, and it is most appropriate that we remember what all of you did. Thank you, our grassroots, our volunteers for being the kind bedrock of our community and doing what you did for Singapore. Mr Speaker, in these five years, the kindness I have seen extends too into the realm of workers, many whom I have had the honour of representing through my work at the National Trades Union Congress (NTUC). At this point Mr Speaker, I declare that am the Executive Secretary for the National Transport Workers' Union, Advisor to the National Taxi Association, National Private Hire Vehicles Association, National Delivery Champions Association and the Director for the NTUC's Women and Family Unit.[+3 sentences] Mr Speaker, as I was saying, our workers keep Singapore running and they do this in unseen, quiet ways. Indeed, this is the "Secret Lives of Workers", and I believe that should more Singaporeans have a glimpse into this world, they would appreciate the kindness and sacrifices of our workers, and in turn, appreciate why we at the Labour Movement continue to fight for better protection and progress for our Singaporean workers. Sometimes, all we need is to take a short pause from our own busyness, take a look around, have a short chat and to unveil these secrets. For most Singaporeans, taking a bus is part of their daily commute and I think it is wonderful that many commuters have made friends with our bus captains, and our bus captains told me that commuters have shared snacks and drinks with them to show their appreciation. However, did you know that for the vast majority of our bus captains, their lunch breaks are only 25 minutes and in between runs, their breaks can be as short as six minutes. In fact, an often-shared hack amongst bus captains, is not to drink water during service times, as many do not even have the chance at a toilet break. Many start their day at 4.30 am when the first bus leaves the depot and the day ends for many at 2.00 am when the last bus reaches the depot. Our captains can drive up to 16 runs in a day, with the longest uninterrupted run being two hours 45 minutes.[+11 sentences] I remain appreciative to the dedication and hard work our bus captains put in to ensure a safe and comfortable commute for all of us, and I hope that everyone can encourage our bus captains and public transport workers with an appreciative nod and a nice smile when you next see them. Mr Speaker, our union leaders are a critical part of our workforce as they are the voice of the ordinary worker and play a unique role between workers and management, negotiating for better protection, privileges and progress while ensuring that there is reasonable sustainability for businesses. Articulate, charismatic, nerves of steel, quick on their feet and excellent mediators they are. They make for natural leaders, but did you know, that for many of our union leaders, because of the construct of their collective agreements, they choose to forego promotions, to remain in rank-and-file executive positions so that they can continue to represent fellow workers without worries of conflict of interest. Indeed, it is a calling to be a union leader, and our big brothers and sisters, 大哥大姐们, serve their working lives out in dedicated service to their fellow workers, never seeing their choices as sacrifices, but as choices of care and service. Mr Speaker, the quiet secret work that our workers put in have undoubtedly driven me to continue to fight for our workers interest and I note with appreciation, what President Tharman said in his speech: "Progress means recognising the value in every job – in the trades, crafts, and services, no less than in offices and boardrooms – and ensuring that everyone who contributes to society earns respect, and can build a good life". I cannot agree more. Building on this vision and our labour values, I call on the Government to continue their good work with tripartite partners to ensure that every worker is recognised and valued for their contributions at work and at home. In particular, securing fair pay and a just future for our platform workers; ensuring good jobs for our public transport workers; and supporting our women and caregivers to thrive at home and at work. I shall speak more on platform workers today. For the past decade or so, NTUC and our Platform Work Associations (PWAs) have pushed for the Platform Workers Act to secure better protections for our platform workers. Today, thanks to the efforts and cooperation of our tripartite partners, our platform workers now have rights to full CPF contributions, mandatory work injury compensation and representation by our PWAs. Since the Act was implemented in January 2025, our Platform Work Associations have gone on to secure critical recognition from Grab, ComfortDelGro Zig, Lalamove, GoGoX, TADA and Trans-Cab's Smile Ride.[+5 sentences] This means that recognition strengthens our PWAs' ability to negotiate with individual platforms to secure better wages, welfare and work prospects for our platform workers. Indeed, bilateral negotiations between PWAs and platform operators are an important means for us to secure better outcomes for our platform workers. Indeed, our negotiations have already started to yield success for us with Grab and we successfully negotiated for incentive changes after feedback from our drivers, as well as secured priority shift bookings for our food delivery platform workers in high-demand areas. Most recently, NTUC and our PWAs initiated a senior-level trilateral workgroup to tackle illegal practices that unfairly undercut our platform workers' jobs and earnings. I am glad that the trilateral workgroup has yielded concrete outcomes that make a difference to our platform workers. Over 70 foreign registered vehicles have been caught offering illegal ride services with most being impounded. Four foreigners were arrested for working illegally as delivery riders without valid work passes.[+6 sentences] Mr Speaker, the PWAs will continue to work with the relevant Government agencies to strengthen enforcement levers to better deter and detect illegal practices. While these measures have made a difference, our work is not still far from being done. Platform workers continue to face challenges, such as unpredictable and unclear earnings, as well as variable incentives that can require them to work excessive hours to unlock targets. Mr Speaker Sir, our platform workers deserve to earn fair pay so they can, by working hard, earn a decent living for themselves and their families. As a society, we must make progress in recognising and respecting the contributions of our platform workers where it matters most, in how they are paid and treated for work that they have done. This is where I am heartened by the progress that our PWAs are making with our platform partners. Our PWAs and nine platform operators, including major platforms, like Grab, Foodpanda and Deliveroo, have agreed on a set of principles to ensure fair earnings and safe incentive schemes for our platform workers.[+15 sentences] Arising from these principles, the platforms have committed to consult drivers and the PWAs on ways to ensure fair and transparent earnings, to proactively engage PWAs prior to major changes to incentive schemes, and to monitor their platform workers' online hours and adjust incentive programmes, where necessary, to ensure that they do not encourage overwork. As an update to our platform drivers and riders, do know that our PWAs are in close discussions the platform operators to operationalise these principles in the context of individual platform policies. Beyond these immediate concerns, we must also work to ensure a just future for our private hire vehicle (PHV), taxi and bus drivers, especially amidst the planned roll-out of autonomous vehicles (AVs), the upcoming Rapid Transit System (RTS) Link and discussions with Malaysia to expand cross-border transport opportunities. The Labour Movement recognises the benefits of this technology transition for Singaporeans, especially in augmenting transport networks for travels, including across the border to Malaysia. But for our drivers, these announcements can be very concerning. They worry: what will happen to me? Will I still be able to make a living? Mr Speaker, this is where, as the President aptly put in his address, "the trust built through many years of tripartism gives us an edge. It enables us to move faster in deploying technologies while managing disruptions to the workforce and generating new job opportunities." This is why NTUC and PWAs are working very closely with the Ministry of Transport and through committees, such as the Inter-Ministerial Steering Committee on Autonomous Vehicles, to bring our drivers' concerns to the table. Amidst the roll-out of AVs, the upcoming RTS Link and discussions to expand cross-border transport, our drivers must be assured of a just future, that there will be jobs for them and they will be given the support and time they need to transit to these jobs. Mr Speaker, the last area that I would touch on is supporting our women and caregivers to thrive at work and at home. MOM has provided that, as of 2023, close to 90% of full-time employees of working age were provided at least one scheduled flexible work arrangement (FWA) they required. We need to understand what the picture is like for FWAs since 2023. From the Labour Movement, there have been more reports of employers requiring workers to return to the office fully and to follow standard working hours. Caregivers, through our unions, have also told us that they remain concerned that they will be overlooked or sidelined at work due to demands at home. As such, NTUC is committed to normalise FWAs in the workplace and to ensure that workers on FWAs are treated and compensated fairly in performance appraisals and promotions.[+4 sentences] Mr Speaker, as I round up my speech, I circle back to the intrinsic value of being kind. Let us measure our progress on how we have moved as a society to improve the livelihoods of our workers and the lives of the people around us. Speaking with kindness, acting with kindness, thinking with kindness, I trust these will continue to be the foundations of our treasured Singapore values. Mr Speaker, I support the Motion with kindness.
Mr Speaker34 words
[+5 sentences]Order. I propose to take a break now. I suspend the Sitting and will take the Chair at 3.55 pm. Sitting accordingly suspended at 3.35 pm until 3.55 pm. Sitting resumed at 3.55 pm.
Mr Deputy Speaker3 words
[+1 sentence]Ms Elysa Chen.
Ms Elysa Chen (Bishan-Toa Payoh)2838 words
[+24 sentences]Mr Deputy Speaker, Sir, I would like to make two declarations. First, I would like to declare my interest as the Executive Director of CampusImpact, a charity that serves children from lower-income families. Sir, the second declaration is that making this speech is the second hardest thing I have ever had to do. I stand in this House, knowing that the opportunity to serve is a privilege and a heavy responsibility. The words spoken in this House are not just words. They carry weight. They shape the policies and culture of our country and touch the lives of many Singaporeans. That is why, standing here, making this speech, is terrifying and difficult. But it is only the second hardest thing I have ever had to do. The hardest? Being a mother. For those who are parents among us, do you remember how difficult it was to wake up at 1.00 am, 4.00 am, 7.00 am for night feeds or when your children cannot stop vomiting and you have to rush them to the hospital? It takes everything you have got to care for a child. While the responsibility of caring for my fellow citizens as an MP is a weighty one, the responsibility of doing so as a parent to my child is even more so. But as difficult as it has been, my journey as a mother has also strengthened my belief in strong, thriving families. This belief drives me, today, to speak up for caregivers, the quiet pillars of our society who hold up our families. As President Tharman said in his speech, Singapore must remain a home where the vulnerable amongst us are not only cared for with compassion but also empowered to pursue their hopes and dreams. It is our caregivers who made this possible – mothers, fathers, children and spouses who quietly bear the weight of love and responsibility. In the course of the last few months, I have spoken to many residents in Bishan East-Sin Ming and heard their stories. I would like to focus on three types of caregivers today. The first is the sleep-deprived mother, struggling to navigate the complexities of a new family dynamic and the physical demands of ensuring her tiny baby is fed, changed, bathed safely and that every milk bottle is washed and sterilised, all while trying her best to recover and care for herself so that she can function well enough to take better care of her baby. Second, caregivers for a loved one with special needs, who have faced stigma and rejection on top of the daily hurdles they have had to overcome just to lead their lives alongside the rest of us. Third, adult children who are caring for their ageing parents, juggling between work and family, while trying to understand and accept how their parents, who used to be so strong, so dependable, are now losing their mental faculties and their physical abilities. Mr Deputy Speaker, let me begin with the first caregivers each of us have known – our mothers and fathers. After childbirth, a mother carries an internal wound the size of a palm, about 8.5 centimetres across, where the placenta was attached to her womb.[+5 sentences] Yet, after such a major event, a mother may be given only one postnatal check-up. In contrast, throughout the baby's first and maybe even second year, the child receives multiple milestone checks and vaccinations. Our support systems should look deeper into this imbalance. Mothers' health, physical and mental, is just as crucial as their children's. We know that postnatal depression is on the rise. At KK Women's and Children's Hospital alone, cases increased by 47% in just three years. One in five pregnant women here faces antenatal depression.[+1 sentence] But stigma keeps most mothers silent. Over 90% do not report their symptoms and many doctors admit that they seldom raise the topic.[+14 sentences] We are relying on a reactive system, waiting for women to seek help. Too often, they suffer in silence. Mr Deputy Speaker, I propose we make postnatal mental health check-ups a routine part of infant milestone visits. When mothers bring their babies for check-ups and vaccinations, let us also care for the mothers. A simple screening, a conversation, can make all the difference between despair and hope. And yes, fathers too – I see fathers in the Chamber nodding vigorously. They should be given space to talk about their mental well-being, because our children need both parents. I would like to encourage hospitals, clinics and community programmes to involve fathers in postnatal counselling and support. I would also like to review paternity leave and shared parental leave uptake to normalise caregiving as a joint responsibility, not one carried by mothers alone. Beyond medical support, mothers also need community support. Every parent’s journey is different – the single mother juggling work and caregiving, the foreign parent far from family help, the unwed mother or father who faces stigma. We must ensure that parent support groups, community initiatives and counselling are open and welcoming to all. Consider Safe Place, a ground-up group that walks with women facing unsupported pregnancies. They found that many married women, not just unwed ones, considered abortion not because of finances alone, but because they felt alone in caregiving. When Safe Place offered emotional, social and practical support, being available to support mothers even at 3.00 am at night, many of these mothers found the courage and the confidence to carry their pregnancies to full-term despite initially considering abortion.[+26 sentences] As its founder, Ms Jennifer Heng, puts it, “We are almost like family members, stepping in where support is missing.” Mr Deputy Speaker, if we want stronger families and more babies in Singapore, we must make sure that every parent has the medical, emotional and community support they need to heal, to recover and to love. Second, I would like to explore support for caregivers of those with special needs. There is a phenomenon that many people who have special needs face. It is called the “post-18 cliff”. I thank fellow Member, Ms Denise Phua, for also raising this in her speech. The post-18 cliff usually refers to the sharp drop-off in support and services that happens when a young person with disabilities turns 18, particularly in the context of education, healthcare or disability support. It is called a “cliff” because there is rarely a gradual transition. It is more like stepping off an edge. Let me illustrate with an example. Last month, a resident came to me at my meet-the-people session, asking if we could appeal for his daughter to be given a chance to continue the good progress she had been making in her special education school. His daughter, Rachelle, is 18 this year. She has cerebral palsy. This is a group of neurological disorders that affect movement and posture, resulting from brain damage or abnormal development. Rachelle cannot move her body from her neck down. Imagine not being able to move your body from the neck down. What can you do? Do you know what Rachelle can do? She has painted artwork that has been displayed in Alexandra Hospital, and one of her pieces is titled “Holding On, Lifting Up”. It shows a person carrying a bunch of balloons with sad faces, but only one happy face in the middle. Explaining her artwork, Rachelle wrote, and I quote, “This piece shows how it feels to carry sadness, like holding a balloon filled with heavy emotions. Even when the tears come, there’s still a reason to keep holding on. Among all the frowns is one small smile, reminding us that even a little bit of hope can lift us. ‘Holding On, Lifting Up’ is about strength during hard times, and how something small, like kindness or a happy thought, can help us rise again.” Does Rachelle not have a truly resilient and kind spirit? Rachelle’s teachers have described her as, “consistently show(ing) a strong passion for illustration and has made significant progress in using her sip-and-puff switch to produce detailed and expressive artwork. Her commitment, creativity, and ability to work with assistive technology demonstrate significant potential for continued growth in this field.” However, Rachelle, at 18, now faces the prospect of having all her hard work go to waste as she needs to graduate from her school in Cerebral Palsy Alliance Singapore and therefore, will no longer get the chance to practise the skills in design using Canva that she has acquired. This is because she cannot get a space in a sheltered workshop, which has a minimum eligibility criterion of being independent in feeding, toileting and ambulation.[+1 sentence] Rachelle also finds it difficult to be fully engaged by the activities at the Day Activity Centre (DAC) because even though she cannot move her body, she has her full mental faculties. During a visit to a DAC in Toa Payoh, I learned that the wait for a DAC can be more than a year, during which there could be significant regression in the person with disabilities.[+3 sentences] This is because there are insufficient DACs and insufficient places offered by DACs. This problem is essentially the result of insufficient funding to social service agencies operating these services, forcing DACs to limit the scale of their services as they are not able to keep up with the fundraising required to keep these services going. Then, there is the problem of affordability for parents. DAC fees can come up to more than $2,000 a month, this excluding the bus fees that parents have to pay to ensure their children can get to the centre. So, parents may be paying more than $20,000 to $30,000 a year, for as long as their child is in the DAC.[+15 sentences] This is compounded by the fact that most caregivers of persons with special needs have to pay more for recurring medical appointments and therapy needs, which only worsens if there are medical complications along the way. All of these typically start the moment the child is born and continues throughout his or her life. There is also a lack of training and funding for staff in adult disability services, unlike special education, where teachers have a Diploma in Special Education. Staff in the adult disability services do not have a key milestone training. As a result, many DAC staff are not equipped to handle the challenges that come with the care of adult persons with disabilities or they may not have enough staff to deliver their services, which lead them to take in clients with less severe needs. So, where can individuals like Rachelle go? From her story, it seems that there is a gap in our system. If so, we need stronger coordination between MOE and the Ministry for Social and Family Development (MSF) to increase support for people like Rachelle. Who knows how much Rachelle’s artistic potential could contribute to society if we continue to support her? Let us close the gap for Rachelle and other post-18 persons with disabilities so that they do not step off a cliff but instead, can make the leap into the next exciting chapter of their lives, where there is still so much more to look forward to. Third, I would like to explore ways to increase respite care options for caregivers. There are over 210,000 caregivers in Singapore supporting an increasing elderly population. Slightly more than half of care recipients are aged 80 or above; one in seven older adults is a caregiver, with nearly half still working full-time and more than half being women. What this means is that our caregivers are seniors themselves, they are still trying to work full-time and the caregiving burden tends to fall on women. Many caregivers – one in five – are also taking care of more than one care recipient at a time. Despite a steady increase in service providers, only 50% of caregivers know about respite care and more than 80% have never used it, due to lack of awareness, accessibility or social stigma attached to seeking help.[+8 sentences] To make the situation even more serious, a significant portion of caregivers are unwell themselves. More than one in three caregivers are suffering from two or more chronic health conditions, but often neglect their own health to focus on those they care for. Two residents I met told me they could not get respite care for just one afternoon to celebrate their daughter’s birthday with their friends because they had to care for a grandparent with dementia. I replied that I had a contact with Dementia Singapore and could link them up to explore support. Their response? It is too late. The grandparent had already passed on. Let us not wait until it is too late. Today, services for caregivers are spread across many agencies and platforms, leaving families to piece things together on their own. We should build a national caregiver hub, both physical and digital, where caregivers can find information, book respite, access financial aid and be guided by trained navigators. Such a hub would not only streamline support for families but also help agencies identify gaps and respond more effectively. Also, although caregivers get financial support under the Home Caregiving Grant, eligibility criteria often exclude non-family caregivers, such as friends or neighbours.[+2 sentences] However, with family sizes shrinking and caregiving configurations evolving, policies should adapt to and respond to these changing realities. In addition, we should dedicate funding not only to care recipients, but also to the caregivers themselves. Caregiver-first grants can support respite services, peer support groups and training for caregivers to care for their loved ones and themselves.[+6 sentences] Just as we invest in healthcare to prevent illness, we must invest directly in caregivers’ well-being because when caregivers are sustained, those they care for thrive too. Finally, I hope to see the Government working closer with ground-up organisations and social service agencies to achieve our social policy goals. The aspirations I have outlined cannot be achieved by the public service alone. It requires the partnership of other stakeholders in the care ecosystem. Existing ground-up organisations and social service agencies are small, nimble groups that are highly effective in providing the care and support needed. How can the Government partner better with these organisations? For starters, streamlining grant applications would enable agencies to spend less time on paperwork and more time serving those in need. The sector has also started to move beyond project-based grants to long-term funding models, thus strengthening ecosystem resilience.[+27 sentences] Let us keep moving in this direction. Beyond simple matters of funding, we should seek to expand access to skills, networks and mentorships for new and emerging initiatives to strengthen capabilities further. A well-funded and well-equipped social service ecosystem ensures no child, parent or vulnerable person is left without timely care. Empowering changemakers enables them to reach further, respond faster and lift more lives. When we provide effective organisations and agencies the tools and resources to thrive through effective policy-making and design, Singapore’s safety nets can be strong, her communities resilient and her compassion as a nation effective. It has once been said that the sign of a civilised society is a healed femur. The femur is a long bone that connects the hip to the knee. In the wild, wounded animals who break their legs die because they are unable to run from danger and hunt. A broken femur that has healed is evidence that someone has taken time to stay with the one who fell, has bound up the wound, has carried the person to safety and has tended the person through recovery. Helping someone else through difficulty is where civilisation starts. Caregiving is hard work. Again, I say, it is the hardest thing I have ever had to do. Caregiving is risky work. If we stop to care for others, we ourselves may fall behind everyone else who is moving ahead. Yet, it is a powerful sign that Singapore is truly a civilised society. There is a Chinese saying: “树欲静而风不止，子欲养而亲不待”. A tree longs for stillness, but the wind does not cease; a child longs to care for a parent, but the parent is no longer here. Caregiving can feel like being surrounded by a howling, relentless wind that never stops. Like the trees, we bend under the strain, pushed to breaking point. We wonder, when will we get to rest again? But this proverb reminds us, caregiving is a responsibility and a privilege. From time to time, I will get asked variations of this question, "If you could have a meal with anyone in this world, who would you want to eat with?" My answer: My father. Watching him fade in hospice care was painful, a man once strong reduced by illness. All I could do was hold his hand and sing to him and yet, even that felt hard. I was preparing for my “O” levels then, and I will be honest, there were afternoons I resented being there. But what I would not give now to have that one more day with him.
Mr Deputy Speaker8 words
[+1 sentence]Ms Elysa Chen, you have a minute left.
Ms Elysa Chen79 words
Let us build a Singapore where caregivers are not left to weather the howling wind alone and can instead enjoy the "one more day" they have with their loved ones. Let us build a Singapore where every child is loved; a Singapore where every caregiver is supported; a Singapore that is compassionate, resilient and civilised.[+2 sentences] And with these efforts, hopefully, caregiving would not be so hard after all. Mr Deputy Speaker, I rise in support of the Motion.
Mr Deputy Speaker3 words
[+1 sentence]Minister Desmond Lee.
The Minister for Education (Mr Desmond Lee)3264 words
[+24 sentences]Mr Deputy Speaker, I want to thank Ms Elysa Chen for that very moving and heartfelt speech. Mr Deputy Speaker, we just celebrated Singapore's 60th birthday. For a nation, 60 is young. Yet as our society matures, we face challenges on the road ahead. On the social front, we are dealing with ageing and need to guard against inequality and social stratification. Our demographics are evolving, with smaller families and more singles, and our people have higher and more diverse aspirations. We must grapple with these, even while facing strong external headwinds – geopolitical shifts, economic uncertainty, climate change and disruptions due to technology and AI. Today, I will talk about two key shifts that we are taking to prepare Singapore for this future. First, refreshing our approach to tackling difficult social issues; and second, transforming our education system. Yesterday, Prime Minister Lawrence Wong spoke about how stratification can occur and gaps in social mobility can widen as our economy grows and develops. We have seen this happen in other societies where privilege gets entrenched. So, we cannot stand still and must continually work against these forces that can fragment our society. That is why, beyond doing more through policies and programmes, we have also been focusing on how we can do better. This is especially important in our work to help lower-income families who are facing complex challenges and are seeking to break through their circumstances. Let me illustrate this through the life story of Mr Adi and his wife, Miss Syaakirah. They have consented to us sharing their journey with Members. They live in a two-room HDB rental flat and have four children. Adi is the sole breadwinner and Syaakirah, a homemaker. The family was struggling financially and faced difficulties meeting their basic needs. Adi and Syaakirah also found it hard to supervise their children's academic progress and were concerned that the children would fall behind in school. We want to ensure that all families, no matter their circumstances, have the opportunity to thrive. And that is where Comlink+ and KidSTART come in. When the family first joined Comlink+, they needed urgent help with their daily needs. Their family coach, Ken, coordinated with community organisations, such as Willing Hearts, to give them essential groceries and milk powder. Seeing Adi's determination to provide for his family, Ken helped him enrol on the Comlink+ Progress package for employment, where the Government provides financial top-ups to those who take up Central Provident Fund (CPF)-paying jobs.[+12 sentences] As Syaakirah wanted to pursue full-time employment, Ken placed her on employment services, too. A non-profit organisation, Engineering Good, gave the family a refurbished laptop. This helped Syaakirah in her job search and allowed the children to do home-based learning. The older children have also been enrolled in the MENDAKI academic coaching programme, which they enjoy, to keep them on track academically. Ken also noticed that Akid, the family's youngest son, is passionate about playing football. He enrolled Akid in the Comlink+ Community Futsal programme run by SportCares, where he makes friends through sports. When Syaakirah was expecting her youngest child, Sofea, Ken linked her up with KidSTART. The KidSTART practitioner visited the couple at home regularly to guide them through Sofea's infancy. KidSTART equipped the family with parenting tips on health, nutrition and child development. They also shared knowledge and skills on building positive parent-child interactions and monitored Sofea closely to track her developmental milestones. When Syaakirah had difficulties feeding Sofea, KidSTART quickly connected her with a nurse, who provided advice on appropriate feeding practices and milk quantities. KidSTART also provided books and toys for Sofea and her siblings to cultivate an early interest in reading and strengthen parent-child bonding. As their progress shows, Comlink+ is a uniquely Singapore way of coordinating support around the family by harnessing the collective strength of the community in a much more cohesive way to empower the family. It brings together family coaches, community partners and volunteer befrienders who proactively reach out to families to gain a deeper understanding of their needs, strengths and aspirations.[+2 sentences] They journey with the families to develop customised roadmaps that evolve with their changing needs. Our corporate partners provide valuable resources to make lasting change in the lives of families. For example, DBS Foundation has committed $30 million over three years to help fund Comlink+ Progress Packages and has also conducted financial literacy programmes for Comlink+ families.[+5 sentences] We also tap on the strengths of the community to provide Comlink+ with additional resources above and beyond what Government can provide. Through Gift a Family (GAF), for example, we invite Singaporeans, who have done well, as well as organisations, to partner and support Comlink+ families. For example, for parents, GAF partners have sponsored courses and upskilling for them, on top of SkillsFuture, so that they can get better jobs and work towards a better future for their families. For children, GAF partners have also sponsored music and art classes to encourage children to pursue their interests. This is on top of existing school funds, like Opportunity Funds in our schools, that subsidise co-curricular development opportunities, even overseas learning trips, for students from lower-income households. Comlink+ involves many groups collaborating as one, to organise and coordinate help for the families, putting them at the centre of our efforts.[+1 sentence] This is a much more intense approach compared to just providing more resources. Comlink+ is an important pillar of our refreshed social compact under Forward Singapore to empower families to achieve stability, self-reliance and social mobility, and we intend to provide this form of assistance to more families.[+1 sentence] In 2019, we started piloting Comlink+ at four sites and subsequently scaled it nationwide. Currently, the programme supports around 10,000 low-income families with children and we will progressively expand this. Going forward, we will provide more comprehensive wrap-around support to uplift families. We partnered HDB to help families work towards home ownership. We will support our children across educational stages, including improving preschool enrollment and attendance, and ensuring a healthy home environment.[+42 sentences] We will also provide dedicated employment and skills assistance that better meets the needs of families. Mr Deputy Speaker, programmes like Comlink+ and KidSTART reflect something deeper. The shifts in how we, as a nation, tackle difficult social issues, such as inequality and social stratification. This is work-in-progress. In the early years of nationhood, we focused on survival and economic growth. For those who were struggling, the Government provided assistance to meet their basic needs. But for this future that we are building, we must, as the Prime Minister said yesterday, continue to tilt the balance to keep opportunities open at every stage of life. The Government, community, volunteers and corporate partners cannot afford to work on our own but must stand together as close partners. Over the years we have been moving in this direction. We formed, for example, the PEERS Network in 2019 as a collaboration among community partners, social service agencies and Government agencies to support rough sleepers and homeless individuals. During COVID-19, when the number of people sleeping rough went up and more were seeking shelter, this turned out to be critical. Today, after six years, the PEERS Network is still growing strong. ComLink+ as well. It was something we designed after listening to our frontliners, social workers, educators and community workers, who told us that it was not just about doing more or giving more but also about trying to do better. Earlier this year, the Ministry of National Development (MND) and MSF also formed the New Environment Action Team, a network comprising social service agencies, community groups, trade associations, corporate partners and Government agencies, which seeks to address hoarding issues in people's homes in a more holistic and sustainable manner. So, you can see we are moving away from the models of the past, where the Government and community each worked in silo. Instead, we wanted to partner Singaporeans and take a whole-of-society approach to solving problems together. Along the way, we may need to develop new structures, policies, standard operating procedures, data systems that enable greater collaboration and integration. But more importantly, the key ingredient powering all of this is trust, which enables us to build strong networks and relationships, especially on the ground. This is not easy. It takes time and effort to build trust and mobilise the community, but it is something that we must do. As social issues become increasingly complex and inter-connected, everyone must come on board. No one person or organisation, including the Government, has all the solutions. In our "we first" society, we must all come together to lift each person up. When we help others thrive, we grow stronger ourselves. So, we will build on this collaborative spirit with more intentionality and heart, to turn our conversations into partnerships; our partnerships into actions; and our actions into lasting meaningful change for Singapore. Mr Deputy Speaker, the second shift we are making is transforming our education system. Even as we address the pressing social issues of today, we must also look ahead and prepare the next generation for the challenges of tomorrow. Yesterday, Prime Minister Lawrence Wong outlined some of the directions that education reform will take in this term of Government to reduce the stakes of single exams, broaden the definition of success and give children the chance to discover and develop their strengths. Let me share more. In a rapidly changing world, it is no longer enough to equip younger Singaporeans with knowledge alone. In fact, the knowledge we impart today might well be outdated tomorrow. What is more important is for younger Singaporeans to be agile and resilient, think critically, learn continuously, so that they can navigate a more uncertain environment. And with social issues becoming more complex, we also need to empower Singaporeans who can empathise with others and lead with kindness. Let me share the story of one of our students, Azaleagrace Teo. She also gave us her consent. Azalea's journey was not easy. She was abused by her father for years until she finally summoned the courage to confide about it in her school counsellor, who then alerted the principal and the Police. Protective Service removed her from her home and she had to move eight times between various temporary accommodations. The instability took a toll on her studies and she had to repeat her Secondary 4 year, but she did not give up. She applied for ITE's Early Admission Exercise and managed to secure a place in ITE College East. ITE was the first place that she felt safe enough to discover herself and imagine a future beyond survival. She became vice president of the Yoga Club and public relations (PR) director of the ITE Student Leaders' Forum. She was selected to speak at events where she and her classmates shared their personal stories and helped to raise $308,000 for the ITE Education Fund to help other students.[+23 sentences] Through her grit and dedication, and with the support of her peers and her teachers, Azalea eventually graduated with a perfect 4.0 GPA. Today, she is a first-year student pursuing a diploma in media arts and design at Singapore Polytechnic. This year she was one of 10 recipients of the Lee Kuan Yew Model Student Award and also received the Lee Hsien Loong Award for Outstanding All-round Achievement. But among her many accomplishments at this young age, what she is proudest of is her work with Owena, the alumni association of the therapeutic group home for children that she was formerly in. As a pioneer member and leader, she organises activities and offers emotional support to current residents. Though still a young adult herself, she is already eager to help build a better world for the generation after hers. Azalea's journey shows us that not everyone takes the same path to success, and success can mean different things to different people. It is about finding the right path for yourself. And this is what our education system must continue to uphold: providing pathways for our children to flourish, no matter their starting point, supporting them to pursue their aspirations in their own time and cultivating strong values, so that they give back to society. We have been moving steadily away from a narrow meritocracy that ties achievement solely to grades and paper qualifications, towards a society that recognises that success comes in many forms. Whether in the arts, technology, sports or other fields, we want to celebrate the diverse talents of every individual and respect the contribution of every worker. This shift is not something that can happen overnight. It is a multi-year effort. Fortunately, we are not starting from scratch. We are building on an education system that has continuously evolved to stay relevant. In the past, success was largely measured in grades and paper qualifications. We focused on those in the early years because we thought they might set our children up for success. In fact, at times, the system would pit students against one another. Members would recall that the PSLE used to be graded on a bell curve. It was not enough to do well; you had to do better than your peers. And this would affect how you were streamed and posted to secondary school. Over time, we have moved away from this. We want to ignite our students' curiosity and spark their creativity so that they develop a love for learning that will stay with them even after they complete school. We want to give our students the space to learn and grow at their own pace instead of chasing every last mark or competing with their peers. We removed exams for Primary 1 and 2 to give young pupils two test-free years, and removed mid-year examinations from all levels. We did away with PSLE T-scores and grading on a curve, and introduced Achievement Level (AL) bands with grading based on a student's level of mastery in a subject.[+1 sentence] We introduced multiple pathways to support students with various interests and strengths. The DSA allows students to gain admission through a wide range of talents, including sports and the performing arts. We also implemented Full Subject-Based Banding in our secondary schools to give students more flexibility to learn subjects at a pace and rigour suited to their strengths and needs.[+3 sentences] We want to cultivate in our students the right attitudes and dispositions beyond just pursuing academic excellence through our Character and Citizenship Education (CCE) curriculum and co-curricular activities (CCAs), students develop values and 21st Century Competencies. They learn to collaborate with one another, build teamwork, develop leadership. We look out for students who may need more support. Through UPLIFT initiatives, we bring together schools, community partners, social service offices (SSOs) and other Government agencies to provide more comprehensive support for students from disadvantaged backgrounds, and we coordinate these efforts tightly with ComLink+.[+11 sentences] Beyond school, we continue to encourage lifelong learning through SkillsFuture, because in a world that keeps changing ever faster, learning cannot stop once you leave school. But as Prime Minister said yesterday, the reality is that our society is not entirely moved away from seeing education as an "arms race". And while CCAs and CCE are an important part of school life, I am sure many parents and students still do not see them as equally or more important than academic grades. That is not entirely surprising, because our traditional theory of success in Singapore is still weighted towards academic achievement. While we do want to strive for excellence, an overemphasis on academic grades can create unhealthy levels of competition, pressure and stress, rather than fostering a true love of learning on or focusing on things that matter. And in an education "arms race", those whose families have more resources are likely to start ahead and then race even further ahead, while those who fall behind may struggle to catch up. As we face new and more complex challenges on the horizon, such as AI and social inequality, we must do more to break away from this concept of an education "arms race" and provide opportunities for our students to develop their talents and interests, regardless of starting point. We will look at many ways to refresh our education system in line with the spirit of the Forward Singapore agenda. We will study how to reduce the stakes in examinations. Examinations like the PSLE should not remain a high stakes checkpoint for students that is viewed as a determining factor for the trajectory of the rest of their lives. Instead, we will focus on the more important aspects of our children's experiences in school – developing life skills, interpersonal relationships, good character and values and more. In the working world, we all know that grades might still get you through the door, but how you are as a person, determines how you do. We will increase our emphasis on CCE lessons and CCAs, which are just as important, if not more important, than academic grades. We must also guard against the opportunity gap in our education system where families with more resources "hot-house" their children to give them a leg up in school, while children from lower income families face an uphill battle. If we do not close these gaps, they will only widen. We will enhance resources for schools and deepen partnerships with parents and the community to better support low-income students.[+3 sentences] And in the first half of my speech, I spoke about how, through ComLink+ and other measures, we collaborate more effectively as one. We also recognise the importance of giving our children the opportunity to interact with peers from different backgrounds from a young age to prevent divisions along lines such as race, religion or socio-economic status. Our schools and classrooms must continue to be a reflection of society, where people from different walks of life and backgrounds come together, not in cloistered communities. We will continue to enable students from different backgrounds to learn together and learn from one another. We will transform teaching and learning to prepare our students for a world transformed and disrupted by AI. AI should enhance and not supplant deep learning. We will have to equip our students with critical skills so that they can create value, leveraging on and beyond AI.[+9 sentences] These are not easy changes and they will take time to implement. Some of them may require us to fundamentally rethink some of our approaches to assessments, curriculum, learning and how we organise our education system, but they are necessary in the long term. We will work closely with our parents, teachers, researchers, students, and the community, learn from other countries, and keep our focus on what matters most – the future of our children. At the core of this is one fundamental question: how do we help our children succeed in life. Not by sending them to more tuition or enrichment classes, but by developing them holistically and empowering them to learn deeply, helping them to be confident about their strengths and interests, anchoring them in values, and developing them in the adaptability, resilience and determination to thrive in a world of change. Mr Deputy Speaker, to conclude, in the face of an ever-changing world, the challenges we encounter today are not just problems to solve. They are opportunities to grow, to innovate, and to come together to define ourselves as a society. So, let us work together and build a future where every family thrives, every child can reach their fullest potential and every Singaporean has the opportunity to succeed. I support the Motion.
Mr Deputy Speaker4 words
[+1 sentence]Dr Syed Harun Alhabsyi.
Dr Syed Harun Alhabsyi (Nee Soon)2750 words
[+1 sentence]Thank you, Mr Deputy Speaker. In his address, the President spoke of nurturing our Singapore society to be a "we first" society.[+4 sentences] In his words, to put "we" before "me". I find this idea extremely profound. If "we first" is internalised as a core and innate value that all of us carry deeply as Singaporeans, if we teach "we first" early in our young and in our schools as part of their journey in education, as part of their core values and as part of our collective identity as Singaporeans, and if we echo and remind ourselves of the resonance of "we first" in all that we do, it would be a most powerful enabler for Singapore society on several fronts. I will elaborate on these in my speech. First, through "we first", our social cohesion would strengthen and bolster our unity as a people. Second, I would argue that "we first" would make our economic competitiveness as a people and nation more potent. And third, a lived ethos of "we first" would be the cornerstone of the caring and values-driven society. "We first", Mr Deputy Speaker, suggests a natural proclivity to look beyond ourselves for the collective good, an acknowledgement to give and take where it is needed and when it is appropriate and fair, a social milieu that must necessarily be rooted in trust and reciprocity, and a promotion of a shared sense of belonging, togetherness, safety and a common purpose.[+20 sentences] It informs us that to achieve the optimised collective potential of our society, to realise the full power of a whole that is far greater than the sum of all our parts, sometimes, the unitary parts may require some sub-optimisation and compromise. To be clear, in "we first", it is never about a bargaining of our core identity as a people nor the erosion of our diversity, but rather about embracing the process of finding our many points of synergy as a people and nurturing our harmony in concert with one another. In putting forward the "we" before "me", we harness the scale and potential capital of the collective and maximise its multiplier effect into our equation of Singapore society. First, as alluded to by other hon Members prior, social cohesion is a primary outcome we want to drive in putting the "we" before "me". I have argued before in this House that in wanting to strengthen social cohesion, we must let it be experienced in our everyday and in our common spaces, in our schools, in our neighbourhoods, in our residential estates, in our work and in our play. We must enable this by design, in our young through our education curriculum, in our neighbourhoods through how we plan for our public estates and in the gamut of programmes in our workplaces and in our community. We must allow for the social interaction across differences to always occur and encourage different opportunities to meet, interface and most importantly, mix. Like the proverbial melting pot holding the recipe of a brew, Mr Deputy Speaker, it requires a variety of different spices and ingredients to hold, at a constant stir, and it takes a while, for a blended fragrance to emerge. Stop too early, it never quite works out. Too few of any one particular ingredient makes the attempt flat. Too long into the cooking or if we turn up the heat too soon or too late, the recipe eludes us. Change the pot and the climate for the ingredients, a new approach and recipe would be required. Each spice and ingredient in the recipe of social cohesion is unique and stands on its own different identity. We can taste each and every one of them in the final brew. No one tells us how to do our recipe because it is our kitchen. Through "we first", we allow for a common space to hold us together across differences, whether by language, race, religion or age, to find the recipe for us and our Singapore society. We must be broad-based in our approaches, actively reach out to include everyone in our midst and work hard to keep our society close. A little tension and some discomfort can be expected. Where there are emerging weak points to the social equilibrium over time, our natural response must be to honestly examine the issue at hand, to challenge prevailing assumptions and to ask ourselves if the policy remains relevant and what it is about this current recipe that needs tweaking moving forward. It does not mean we must agree all the time, but when we must disagree, respectful we remain in our exchanges and with an expressed mutual desire for co-collaboration or solutions that benefit all and for the greater good. Second, Mr Deputy Speaker, we must recognise that espousing "we first" offers each and every one of us a comparative advantage economically.[+12 sentences] I know it sounds like a stretched argument but let me explain. If we teach our young early in our schools and encourage every Singaporean to really live by the ethos of "we first", and guide them early to be comfortable in working with others different from us to achieve collaborative outcomes, to have the natural willingness and adaptability to together negotiate difficult problems and complex situations, and to recognise the power in working as a team for the greater good, surely, this is a desired trait that works to our advantage as a people. Singaporeans are known as a competitive and hardworking lot, but through the spirit of "we first", if we are also known for our sense of community, our emotional intellect and our zeal to achieve fair consensus, the value we bring to any table becomes a potent force. Our value proposition, to the workplace, to prospective employers and to other companies navigating the emerging economic challenges of the day, will rise. Contrast this against the backdrop of societies today looking inwardly, polarising narratives online that centre around selfish and narrow ideals and a lack of willingness, or sometimes even ability to have deep, thoughtful conversations with nuance and to be comfortable in engaging complexity. If "we first" is personified in Singaporeans in finding solutions of tomorrow, we then become the natural team players, the future co-creators and the firm collaborators; the ones whom others can count on to look across the aisle to mediate, to discuss and to engage with comfortably. This tells others that Singaporeans make for excellent hires locally and abroad, and that our companies make for trusted and reliable partners in any market for any opportunity. When we juxtapose that same mindset to a national level and others recognise that Singapore is a country that is willing to work with others and achieve collective outcomes and that it is in our psyche and persona as a nation to see past ourselves and bring goodness and benefit to the world, Singapore then becomes a trusted partner and facilitator in the room. As a country, we never start with a hard-nosed view to negotiations, nor do we willy-nilly or haphazardly take positions. Taking a "we first" view, we start from the considered and deliberate approach to, first, seeking to understand the different starting positions and others can appreciate that we have a reasonable willingness to negotiate and achieve mutual benefit, so long as it is fair and just. From dealings in foreign affairs, to trade and industry, to policy positions in the international stage and fora, this ethos of "we first" will carry us through as a nation, even in the most delicate of dealings and in the most turbulent of disagreements of the world. "We first" puts forth Singapore as a consistent, trusted, amiable and, dare I say, foremost partner and colleague of the international arena, whether in platforms such as the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) or United Nations, or even as a diplomatic arbiter towards consensus and peace between the larger powers of the world. Beyond domestic considerations, I argue that the ethos of "we first" keeps Singapore squarely competitive, trusted and relevant in the world as we observe and know it today. Third, Mr Deputy Speaker, in embracing "we first", we will constantly be reminded to look to our right and to look to our left to ensure that no one is left behind.[+5 sentences] In this space, we nurture a caring and values-driven society. We will still move with strength and at a keen cadence for our needs and for our future. Others will know us as a society that is fiercely competitive but always with empathy and concern for the people who walk alongside and especially, towards those of less privilege. "We first" speaks of us a society that does not trample on others for our own gain, that we will not be a racehorse with blinkers and leave others in the dust in order to win at all costs. If we must succeed, we only do so with dignity and justice on our side. In schools, we must continue to emphasise values of respect, of responsibility, of integrity, care and harmony over grades.[+1 sentence] That it is more dignified to lose in fair play than to win dishonourably. In the workplace, we must be able to recognise and have a care that some of our colleagues have unique challenges and circumstances, whether in terms of mobility, mental well-being or caregiving demands.[+5 sentences] That at work, a genuine concern for others percolates rather than to consider these traits as blameworthy on the basis of output alone. In our neighbourhoods, that we exercise some understanding and flexibility with one another, as well as a give and take in our common spaces. That, in our own actions, what we say and how we go about our day to day, we maintain a care and awareness of how others may be impacted by our own actions. That when we take the lift and we interface with our neighbours, a good morning greeting or a "how are you" helps break the ice, brings warmth to another and nurtures friendships in our midst. And certainly, Mr Deputy Speaker, the shine of our care for situations and people, and the values driven by our ethos of "we first" knows no boundary or border. For even in our country's decisions and, as a people, we consistently and fervently care about what happens around the world, we have a care to the plight of others of less privilege, we defend against what is unjust and we lean into being part of the solution.[+14 sentences] A "we first" society means we are not passive bystanders. We bring forth our care and values as part of who we are as a society in service for a better family, a better community, a better country and a better world. Mr Deputy Speaker, in Malay, please. (In Malay): Mr Deputy Speaker, as we encourage and enable the adoption of "we first", it is actually very much aligned and in sync with the heartbeat of our community. The way we care for one another is captured in a Malay saying, "When one part of the body is unwell, other parts feel it too. If the right thigh is pinched, the left thigh will also hurt". Whenever we come across someone burdened with life's challenges, financial difficulties, isolation and profound hardship, our community's instinct is to act spontaneously to help and show concern. This feeling of mutual responsibility, compassion and care towards one another comes naturally to us. Similarly, we are attuned to the values of solidarity and cooperation to achieve prosperity together. While we call upon Singaporeans to embrace the "we first" thinking, our heritage and culture demands that we ensure success and progress should not merely celebrate personal achievements, but we must use them to benefit others. In fact, our culture which advocates giving back to society is consistent with the phrase "we first". In this regard, "we first" is not solely the Government's responsibility. It also involves cooperation with the private sector, businesses and community organisations to collectively strengthen and expand the assistance required to meet the community's needs. There are clear examples within our Malay/Muslim community. Project DIAN, which has long developed resilience in families living in rental flats through M3 volunteers, embodies "we first". The Community Wakaf managed by MUIS, which plans for the future needs of our community, embodies "we first".[+1 sentence] Fundraising for madrasahs and mosques, for community organisations, for those in need in Singapore and for the oppressed in Gaza – all of these also embody "we first". The Tertiary Tuition Fee Subsidy (TTFS) managed by MENDAKI for lower-income families, which provides opportunities for our children to reach the highest levels of education, embodies "we first".[+1 sentence] In fact, the "we first" spirit advocated by the Government has resulted in progress for our community. If not for the TTFS and study loans from Yayasan MENDAKI, it would be impossible for me to stand here. I was able to obtain my medical degree and become the only psychiatrist in the Malay/Muslim community only because of community assistance and MENDAKI's aid schemes.[+30 sentences] Many others have similar stories. These are community members who feel grateful and who have gone on to have careers, and made it their life's mission and vision to continue contributing to the next generation. "We first" is actually deeply rooted and ingrained in our community. It is part of our values and beliefs, a long-standing inclination which ensures that, as a collective, we look after one another and care about what happens around us. This is our strength as a community and it is something we must continue to nurture, strengthen and build together in Singapore. Mr Deputy Speaker, I am confident that in responding to our President's call for "we first", this ethos is clearly evident throughout our community. : Mr Deputy Speaker, all of us are a product of the village that has added and contributed to our success. We have benefited from the work of those who have come before us and have themselves taken the ethos of "we first" for our benefit today. In turning 60, our success as a nation stems from the effort of early Singaporeans from decades ago. Our past leaders who in their wisdom and acumen put our country first. Our teachers who sowed the first seeds of knowledge in the generation that came after. Our parents who toiled time and effort and put their children first. And what of our public sector and civil servants who continue to ensure our essential services keep going today? Of our uniformed servicemen and servicewomen who keep the peace to give us a strong base from which we can leap forward and achieve more as a country. And of the healthcare workers who save lives day in and day out and keep us well. All their efforts, Mr Deputy Speaker, embody the spirit of "we first". We should never let arrogance creep in and allow ourselves to assume that our success comes only as a result of our own efforts. Many have sacrificed for us to be here where we are today as a people and country. If we ponder on the term "we first", examples are well and alive around us but, perhaps, as a society, we can do better to enable, to acknowledge, to encourage and to appreciate them. Caregiving is "we first". National Service is "we first". Philanthropy and volunteering for a community cause is "we first". Mentorship to nurture confidence in our young is "we first". Saving for a rainy day and ensuring we have sufficient Reserves for generations to come is "we first". Addressing climate change for a better tomorrow and environment is "we first". And having tough laws against the scourge of drugs to protect our families is "we first". Mr Deputy Speaker, "we first" is the very thread that stitches, weaves and reinforces our social fabric to weather tomorrow's storm. If there is no "we first", we will, instead, be pulling from multiple polar and opposing ends, and the tension will fray and tear us apart into lonely factions and singular isolated pieces that will not stand against the wind. Worse still, instead of the beautiful societal tapestry to be admired, we could be left with tattered and torn pieces beyond repair. We must continue to passionately mend, to work on, to preserve and to double stitch our social fabric, now more than ever. Mr Deputy Speaker, I rise in support of the Motion.
Mr Deputy Speaker3 words
[+1 sentence]Ms Valerie Lee.
Ms Valerie Lee (Pasir Ris-Changi)1822 words
[+29 sentences]Mr Deputy Speaker, I rise in support of the Motion of Thanks to the President's address. It is with deep humility and also with deep gratitude, that I deliver my maiden speech in this House. When I first knocked on doors in Pasir Ris-Changi, many residents did not just share their problems or feedback; they shared their lives with me. A working mom told me how she struggled everyday juggling her job and caring for her toddler and father who now has dementia. An elderly couple on Pulau Ubin spoke about their pride in keeping the island's heritage alive, even with inconveniences that come with living on the island. And a group of youths at Changi Beach showed me the tidal pools with such wonder, reminding me how much they care about the world we live in. These conversations left a very deep impression on me. They remind me that behind every policy, every statistics, there are real people with genuine struggles and hopes. And they are the very reason why I stand here today. For my maiden speech, I wish to focus on three groups of people who are especially close to my heart. First, the sandwiched generation, whose burdens I personally felt as a daughter, a mother and a working professional. Second, those living at the edge of our country, whom I have come to know very fondly through my time at Pasir Ris-Changi, from the offshore island of Ubin to where the East-West line ends at Pasir Ris Town. And lastly, the younger generation, whose future depends on how we safeguard the environment we leave behind. Deputy Speaker, Sir, let me begin with the sandwiched generation. Singaporeans who are raising children while caring for ageing parents, often while juggling work, housing loans and rising costs. They are doing everything "right", working hard, paying taxes, supporting their families. Yet, many carry a heavy and unseen load and, at times, everything can feel so "wrong" and so overwhelming. I have experienced a glimpse of this myself. In the same year that I welcomed my newborn, my father was diagnosed with cancer. Those days were split between baby care, work and hospital appointments. Fast forward to just this year, whenever my toddler falls sick, I often catch the same illnesses, from the common flu to hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD). And I know Minister of State Jasmin Lau and her children's book of choice is "Paw Patrol", I think there were many books being introduced in this Chamber. I will introduce my version. Mine is "Bizzy Bear" and I must have gone through the entire series more than five times throughout the entire HFMD episode. While I am now an expert at reciting Bizzy Bear stories, this had knock-on effects on my work and my community engagements. But I was able to get through those moments with a supportive family, both at home and at work, and I am very grateful for them. But I know of many Singaporeans do not have this safety net. For many, the load is far heavier: caring for parents with chronic illnesses, raising several children, taking on extra responsibilities at work just to keep the job and to pay the bills, and then receiving news that a loved one has dementia. Their sacrifices are greater and I feel deeply for them. The Government has made progress, extending paternity leave, creating shared parental leave, strengthening MediSave and MediShield, expanding the Baby Bonus and introducing the Home Caregiving Grant. But, we must go further and push the boundaries of the support so that the benefits are more impactful and reach more families.[+3 sentences] A child's vulnerable years do not end after infancy. Parents need time, flexibility and support through toddlerhood and early schooling. And when it comes to caring for ageing parents, many families shoulder equally heavy burdens, from weekly hospital visits for dialysis and chemotherapy, to providing daily supervision for parents with dementia, often while holding full-time jobs. What I have just described is only the tip of the iceberg. That is why I call on both the Government and employers to build an ecosystem where caregiving is not just tolerated, but actively supported.[+3 sentences] Caregiving should never ever come at the cost of one's career. One should feel no fear of repercussions for choosing a hospital visit with an aged parent over a day at the office. One should feel no guilt for staying home to care of a sick child. If we are serious about reversing declining fertility rates while also caring for an ageing society, two forces pressing on us at the same time, then we must adapt. And this could mean exploring new leave schemes that reflect modern caregiving realities.[+5 sentences] Perhaps even a distinct "Sandwich Generation Leave"; for the lack of a better name; separate from childcare or medical leave. We can also strengthen the national mental health and support services to help families navigate the maze of dual caregiving. And it requires cultivating workplace cultures that value families as much as productivity. Because at the heart of it, strong families are the foundation of a strong Singapore. Mr Deputy Speaker, I now turn to Singaporeans whose voices are often overlooked – "我乌敏岛的居民们", my residents from Pulau Ubin. About 20 Singaporeans still call Pulau Ubin home.[+13 sentences] They are custodians of our living heritage, yet they face higher electricity tariffs than us on mainland and at times, have difficulty accessing national schemes. But to this end, I am grateful to have agencies that have actively stepped in to explore how to close these gaps when pointed out – the National Parks Board, the Energy Market Authority, People's Association and the National Environment Agency. It gives me reassurance that I am working with partners that genuinely care for the people. Next, Changi Village. Known to many as a leisure spot, but for many residents and business owners, it is their home and livelihood. While the rest of Singapore progresses, Changi Village often feels overlooked. Roadworks have worsened access and businesses are struggling. Its experience reminds us that progress cannot be measured only by what happens at the centre, while the edges are left behind. I am often asked, "Why do you care so much for small communities like Ubin and Changi Village? Why do you turn up there so often? There is no "political mileage" in doing that." But as Parliamentarians, our duty extends beyond representing the majority. It is to ensure that those on the margins are seen, are heard and are supported. In Pasir Ris, for example, some residents live literally at the edge of the town along areas affected by major construction for the Cross Island Line and the Loyang viaduct.[+1 sentence] They too feel the pressures of progress; in their case, more than they bargained for. Residents in areas like Flora Estate are eager to embrace our car-lite ambition, yet insufficient bus services make car-lite more of a burden than a choice.[+8 sentences] Mr Deputy Speaker, whether on an offshore island, in a 50-year-old or in a condominium, every Singaporean's needs are valid and every voice must count. And these "edges" are not just geographical, like what I described. In different seasons of life, many of us find ourselves on the margins, living with rare diseases, facing infertility, or struggling quietly in ways that statistics may never capture. If we focus solely on numbers, we risk forgetting what matters most – that we are all Singaporeans, with diverse needs, deserving of care, attention and inclusion. Lastly, let me speak about our shared environment. Singapore has rightly pursued growth. But rapid urbanisation has left many feeling we live in a dense, hot, concrete city. Let us not forget: we aspired to be a City in a Garden – not just a garden in a city. Plans to reclaim 193 hectares in Changi for aviation made headlines recently and it may be necessary, but we must acknowledge the ecological cost; the possible detrimental effects on seagrass meadows, marine ecosystems and biodiversity.[+14 sentences] But this is not a call to halt development, but a call for balance. Every hectare we reclaim, every tree we fell, comes at a cost. And this price will be paid for by generations after us. On National Day this year, upon their invitation, I joined Julian and Xiao Yun, for an intertidal walk at Changi Beach. They were the two young Singaporeans who raised the petition, calling for HDB to scale back its plans for the Changi reclamation project. Honestly, I was half expecting them to quiz me about my stand on the project but it turns out, all they wanted was to share the magical intertidal pools with me. So, together with dozens of youths and families who were miraculously all awake at 4.00 am, we walked through the intertidal pools for two solid hours, spotting stingrays, anemones and starfish, and ended the morning at Changi Village over a breakfast of nasi lemak, "youtiao" and wanton mee. I learnt much from the group about the unique seagrass meadow that grows along Changi Beach and we exchanged views on how the stakeholder engagement process for development projects like these can be better. It dawned upon me – that if we want to steer our youths away from despair, or even from vaping, for them to not feel so disconnected, then we must give them causes that matter, not more rules, not more red tape, not more suspensions. Nature can be that sanctuary, that classroom and that source of resilience where they can find that purpose. Environmental protection is not a trend, it is an opportunity. An opportunity to invest in the wellbeing, identity and future of our youth. Mr Deputy Speaker, whether it is supporting families under strain, giving a voice to those at the fringes, or preserving the environment for future generations, the principle is the same – we should measure a society not just by its growth, but by how it cares, listens and plans for the long term. These are not isolated issues, they are strands of a single fabric that binds us as Singaporeans. And it is with this mindset that I turn to the "we first" guiding principle that must shape our collective journey forward. And I know there are many different interpretations of "we first" in this Chamber, but this is mine. "We first" means families before systems – where caregivers in the workforce are supported and not stretched to breaking point. "We first" means those at the margins matter just as much as those in the centre, because every voice in this country, deserves to be heard. "We first" means stewardship before short-term gain, so we preserve our environment as a gift to future generations. Ultimately, the measure of our nation is not how fast we advance, but how firmly we hold together, in the decades to come.[+1 sentence] Mr Deputy Speaker, I support the Motion.
Mr Deputy Speaker5 words
[+1 sentence]Acting Minister Mr David Neo.
The Acting Minister for Culture, Community and Youth (Mr David Neo)2830 words
[+19 sentences]Mr Deputy Speaker, I rise in support of the Motion. SG60 is a significant milestone for Singapore. After all, Singapore was not a nation of choice, but no choice. Our Pioneers overcame the challenges of the day and built an exceptional multicultural nation – one that we are proud of. Today, we stand at another important crossroads in history. As President and many Members have said, the global order that Singapore has thrived in, is changing. Geopolitical tensions and tariff wars are raising prices everywhere. These difficult economic conditions have led to a rising tide of individualism and "me first" mentalities all around the world. The 2025 Edelman Trust Barometer reports that more than six in 10 global respondents feel a deep sense of grievance; that for someone to win, somebody else must lose. Each man for himself. Elsewhere, the 2024 Gallup World Poll reports significant drops in global activities that put others before self; volunteering, donating, helping strangers. There are also strong social forces that pull us apart. Social media ironically, can drive a wedge between us, because algorithms are designed to make us stay online longer by showing us more of what we want to see. And we end up being trapped in larger echo chambers and more polarised societies, as many Members have pointed out. And we see a loss of social cohesion in many countries, fracturing societies from within. As a small, global, hyperconnected city, we will be subjected to the harshest of these pressures. Our unity will be tested, in a changed world. We see weak signals. You heard some of these from Prime Minister. The share of Singaporeans who desire to help build a more caring society has dropped from 60% in 2019 to 42% in 2024, an almost 20-percentage-point drop.[+23 sentences] What are we to do? As the saying goes, amidst order, look for change. Amidst change, look for order. As we stand at SG60 in a changed world, we are Pioneers once again. And we can learn from our Pioneer and Merdeka Generations, as we forge our way forward in the changed world. Through conversations from when we first started the Pioneer Generation Office, to more recent Project Citizens, our founding generation cited multiculturalism, boldness and service to others before self, as some of the shared values that made us exceptional. And underlying it, a sense of unity. Seniors who lived through the 1964 racial riots recounted how they shared food with neighbours, regardless of race, language or religion – a reminder of the importance of our unity in a moment of darkness in our history. Mr Deputy Speaker, I believe this unity is key if we are to stay exceptional in a changed world. And we are one of the very few places in this world where anybody can have a fair chance in life, regardless of where they start. This is something I believe strongly. We need to do more, to expand our common space, increase social mobility and build a "we first" society to strengthen our unity. Our pledge begins with a simple word – "we". Our unity is founded on multiculturalism. We build our national identity on top of, not in place of, our individual diverse cultures. We are intentional in protecting and expanding this common space that we share as Singaporeans. Spaces where Singaporeans can come together, interact and bond across socio-economic, ability and cultural divides. Where we cultivate an inner curiosity to know more about one another. And we need to welcome people from all backgrounds, so we know what it feels like to walk a mile in their shoes. So, we can make decisions and trade-offs that are better for everyone. Our multiculturalism and openness are our strengths. We must place a special focus on our youths, for they are the architects of a more cohesive Singapore to come. While our youths are the most digitally connected generation, they risk becoming the most socially disconnected in real life. The 2022 National Youth Survey revealed a worrying trend: the proportion of youths with no close friends doubled from 4% to 8% in the last decade.[+8 sentences] In other words, where we saw no more than one student in each classroom with no close friends, today, we see two or three. We need to tap on the universal language of sports, arts and heritage to build bonds for our youths. In 2023, three schools formed one football team – Boon Lay, Methodist Girls' and Westwood Secondary. On their own, they did not quite have enough players, but together, they formed the team. They trained together three times a week under the School Football Academy Programme. And last month, they claimed their first National School Games title. And the girls proved that on the football field, with a common goal, school badges faded away. They became a "we", and that "we" succeeded in their pursuit of their dream. MCCY and MOE will work together to create more cluster-level sports competitions and games, to get youths from different schools, backgrounds and abilities to play together. We will pilot a new cluster-level games, the School Sports Fiesta next month, beginning with 16 schools across three clusters at the primary and secondary levels.[+1 sentence] We want to get more students to unite through sports and to play together. On Tuesday evening, we cheered Pin Xiu on as she won silver in the women’s 100 metres backstroke S2 final in the World Para Swimming Championships held in Singapore and Asia for the first time.[+11 sentences] Pin Xiu’s win is a powerful testament to the strength of the human spirit and the importance of building an inclusive society. One, where every Singaporean belongs. It helps us see diversity not as a barrier but as a source of strength. MCCY will deepen our efforts to build an inclusive society across all domains. We will also do more to make the arts another platform to unite young Singaporeans, especially in multicultural art forms. An example is the recent production of Tempest and Tranquility, by Siong Leng Musical Association, in collaboration with Young Artist Award recipient Nawaz Mirajkar, who is a renowned tabla musician. There was a perfect blend of Nanyin and Indian music and dance forms. I quote a review by Dr Chang Tou Liang, a prominent music reviewer. "When the two musics coalesced in composer Ng Kang Kee’s sensitive arrangements, it did not matter which was Chinese or which was Indian. They simply became one in soul and spirit." And that is what we want our people to be – one in soul and spirit. The NAC, with the support of the President’s Challenge, will introduce new initiatives that will give an added boost to the development of such cross-cultural efforts, to make us one in soul and spirit.[+2 sentences] Mr Deputy Speaker, Member Dennis Tan talked about the importance of the arts in building the soul of our nation. I thank him for his affirmation. That is why this Government has increased the amount of arts housing and space available to our arts groups by more than 35% from 2010 to 2020.[+10 sentences] And we stand at almost 100,000 square metres of arts housing to support our vibrant arts groups. They, in turn, have doubled our performance activities to almost 13,000. It is this outreach that will allow our Singaporeans to understand, appreciate and feel what it means to have the soul of the nation. And I also want to thank this House for your continued support for our arts, heritage and cultural groups, for indeed, they play a very strong role in helping us understand what it means to be Singaporean. Beyond the arts, we also need to bring our understanding of diversity and common space from textbooks into everyday life. Last month, Minister for Education Desmond Lee and I joined students in Mayflower Secondary School for their CCE class on racial harmony. Our students told me what was more important than classroom learning, was to take action. Practise little acts that strengthen racial harmony in their daily lives and create the positive school culture that this House spoke about. Be the change that we want to see. I was really proud of our students. Beyond schools, the National Youth Council has also engaged more than 5,000 youths since 2023 in constructive dialogues on how to strengthen our racial harmony.[+24 sentences] Looking ahead, we will create even more of these opportunities for conversations and social mixing amongst our youths to foster mutual understanding. Second, we must ensure that Singapore remains a place where everyone can succeed, regardless of where we start in life. This is what Singapore stands for. This is not an ideal – this is the story of Singaporeans, many seated in this House, myself included. We must do what we can to keep social mobility alive, and help every Singaporean fulfil their fullest potential. That includes giving every Singaporean opportunities, uplifting individuals and developing different pathways to success. Like Clarence Ching. A former Normal (Academic) student, Clarence and his friends felt that barriers – invisible ones, such as a lack of networks and opportunities – held back students from disadvantaged backgrounds. So, what did he do? Clarence founded Access Singapore. With just a handful of university volunteers, he knocked on the doors of schools and companies to initiate programmes such as career guidance and industry attachments. Because he believes that everyone should have a fair chance in life. And Access Singapore grew from a small volunteer group to an organisation with over 150 staff, volunteers and facilitators, uplifting 3,000 students across more than 30 schools. MCCY will continue to work with Access Singapore on its mission to improve social mobility. Be the change that we want to see. And we need to broaden our definition of success. Our youths tell us they want to redefine success and be empowered to chase their dreams whether in the arts, sports, or other fields. And we will be there to support them. In Tampines, my resident Yazrul and his childhood friends started Sporting Tampines, a community football club with a big dream. They want to build a community anchored on a shared love for football. And they started in June this year and now have 44 members who participate in both competitive and social games. They have made great strides as a new team, having played international friendly matches and also secured corporate sponsors. I arranged for the good people behind Unleash The Roar! to meet with Yazrul and his team to see how we can better support their dreams to play on a much larger stage. Who knows, one day, you will see "Welcome to Tampines" on Netflix. Our youths are also breaking new ground in sports. This July, we saw 14-year-old diver, Ainslee Kwang, make history at the World Aquatics Championships as the first Singaporean to reach the world semi-finals of the women's 10 metres dive. Despite having mild scoliosis, Ainslee overcame the odds and showed us with belief and hard work, you can chase your dreams. We are supporting Ainslee through the Sport Excellence Potential (spexPotential) programme, which provides financial and other support, to help her fulfil her dreams.[+4 sentences] Ainslee credits her success to the strong team behind her – the high-performance sports fraternity, her coaches, and most importantly her family and friends – and this gives her the confidence to pursue her dreams. One question I got from Ainslee and other youths breaking new ground in sports such as diving and Tchoukball, was why they were not recognised in the Singapore Schools Sports Council Colours Award when they represented Singapore, unlike their friends in swimming or track and field. It is a question that their parents and coaches, and some of our Members in this House have asked me as well. Since I am both in MCCY and MOE, I thought we could do better to recognise our youths like Ainslee who are breaking new ground, taking the road less travelled and chasing their dreams. Our officers worked hard, and from this year, we will more than double the number of sports eligible for the Singapore School Sports Colours Award. Students who represent Singapore in games like diving, tchoukball, sport climbing and 33 other additional sports will all now be eligible for the award.[+5 sentences] So, Ainslee and Team Singapore divers and artistic swimmers who represented us in the recent World Aquatics Championships will all be recognised alongside our swimmers. MOE will share more details on this in due course. And to Member David Hoe, not to worry, ActiveSG Credits for dual-use facilities is also on my to-do list. Similarly, in the arts, practitioners like Muhammad Muazzam, or Zam as we call him, are redefining the role of the arts in community building. Zam believes that the future of Singapore’s arts scene lies in its ability to bring value to other sectors. Together with his community engagement work, Zam explored the intersection of the arts with healthcare, social services and education sectors. He recently founded Arts for Action, a community arts organisation that expands on using the arts to build relationships and strengthen community bonds. With a scholarship from the NAC, Zam is pursuing a Master’s in Gerontology at Singapore University of Social Sciences to further inclusive and age-affirming arts engagement in Singapore.[+19 sentences] So, to all our young people, be bold, take the road less travelled and chase your dreams. And we will be with you every step of the way. Finally, we need to build a "we first" culture, based on a strong set of shared values that underpins what it means to be Singaporean. To be clear, it does not mean that we abandon "me". Building a strong "we first" culture means understanding that the "we" and "me" are inextricably linked. That when "me" succeeds, it is often because it got a hand up from "we". In turn, "me", must also give back and contribute to "we". At Woodlands Regional Library, I spoke to one of our Project Citizens participants, Mr Dennis Tan, who was in primary school, during the 1964 racial riots. Dennis recalls there being a lot of misinformation and untruths spread through rumours and gossips, and he did not know what to believe or to expect. Despite this, people in the kampung put their neighbours first by housing them at night when the curfews kicked in – regardless of race, language or religion. Putting "we" before "me". Everyone must play a part in building a "we first" Singapore, whether individuals, community groups, or corporates. We want to nurture this mindset amongst our youths. At Youth Corps Singapore, we support our youths to take tangible steps to put others before self. I met Hannah Batrisyia, one of our youth volunteers. Her journey started with a three-day leadership camp in 2019, which kindled her passion to put others before self. Today, while pursuing her Master's degree, she leads multiple projects to benefit the community. This December, she is also leading a Youth Expedition Project to go overseas to make a difference to a community in our region. Like Hannah, many of our youths feel a sense of purpose and they resonate with the call to build a “we first” Singapore. MCCY’s 2024 Social Pulse Survey found that three in five young people want to take action for a better Singapore and more than half want to work with the government to do so.[+16 sentences] We will continue to make it easy for our youths to step up to put "we" before "me", and my Ministry will continue to give our youths a voice, a space, a platform and a space to make a difference. To build a Singapore they will be proud to inherit. When people are empowered to make a difference, it builds a virtuous cycle of care, trust and collective responsibility. And when we all put "we" before "me", we build a better Singapore. Mr Deputy Speaker, we are pioneers standing at an important crossroads, in a changed world. Let us move forward together with a new spirit. Or a phrase that we are more familiar with: "Marilah kita bersatu,dengan semangat yang baru". We are not alone in this journey. As Benjamin Kheng puts it – "If we just look to each other, then this house will feel like home. And the more we’re together, the further we’ll go." Let us go further, together. Mr Deputy Speaker, in Mandarin, please. (In Mandarin): Facing a world of constant change and an unstable international situation, SG60 is like the juncture during Singapore's founding days – fraught with thorns and obstacles. Let us learn from the spirit of unity and dedication of our Pioneer and Merdeka generations. Together with the younger generation, we stride towards a new world. (In English): Mr Deputy Speaker, I support the Motion.
Mr Speaker3 words
[+1 sentence]Mr Cai Yinzhou.
Mr Cai Yinzhou (Bishan-Toa Payoh)2240 words
[+18 sentences]Thank you, Mr Deputy Speaker. Sir, I rise in support of the Motion of Thanks to the President. In a turbulent world, the President's address offers a renewal of faith. It calls us towards a "we first" society built on the enduring pillars of unity and trust. It is a powerful and essential vision for our nation's next bound, but let us be clear, the fulfilment of that promise does not begin here in this Chamber. It begins with us in our local communities in the enduring efforts of one Singaporean reaching out to another. Prior to being a Member of Parliament, I was known as the "Ah Boy" of Geylang. I grew up there all my life and had a different perspective of the world, one not easily found in textbooks or policy papers. I saw the complexity of life and met neighbours known to society only by their labels – the nightlife workers, the troubled youths and ex-convicts trying to hold on. The temptation is to see their lives in black and white, a simple failure of law and order. But as a neighbour, I saw something else. I saw single parents struggling. I saw human beings resulting to vice, often because they lack options or were escaping a reality much worse. I learned that we cannot fix what is broken until we recognise the shared humanity in every single individual. It was with that same understanding that I spent my weekends in 2014, in the back alleys of Geylang, with migrant workers playing badminton, sharing a meal and seeing their sacrifice and commitment to family thousands of miles away. When my friend, Nurul Bashar from Bangladesh, was counting his every last dollar for his father's urgent surgery, I did what any friend would. I picked up a pair of scissors, learned from YouTube and offered him a free haircut. That small act of care grew into a volunteer movement. Today, volunteers at back-alley barbers have given over 8,000 haircuts at nursing homes, migrant worker dormitories and rental flat communities.[+3 sentences] I learned the most profound change does not need a massive budget, but sometimes a pepper of courage and a generous serving of human connection. In the lorongs in Geylang, empathy was an emotion I understood long before I ever learnt its name, and it is this fundamental truth that shared human connection that must guide our work today. I would like to thank the residents of Bishan-Toa Payoh for the support and the opportunity to stand here today. In the recent National Day rally, our Prime Minister Lawrence Wong announced that Toa Payoh will be one of the first models of the Age Well neighbourhood.[+6 sentences] Having managed active ageing centres, I have seen the importance of Healthier SG across Singapore and I am grateful for the inter-agency collaboration between MND on the hardware refresh and MOH on the software integration of programming. It is not just our population that is ageing, but our flats too. Toa Payoh is the first satellite town comprehensively planned and developed in 1965 by HDB. Many of the flats are seniors in age too. Residents are anxious of their homes and worry about the uncertainty of timing, the future value of their flat and its remaining lease. Many also face the daily realities of defects and look forward to repairs and upgrades through the Home Improvement Programme. Each resident has unique circumstances and may require different levels of support. I will echo the concerns of my residents and speak up for clarity on upgrading options as well as what an equitable Voluntary Early Redevelopment Scheme (VERS) offers. At the National Day Rally, the Prime Minister also shared, "Many seniors do not want to move out. They prefer to age where they are, and we will need to provide for them as they get older." The Government's ambition to age-in-place and enhance health spend is a powerful paradigm shift.[+1 sentence] This sentiment is echoed by many seniors I have met, including two pioneers of community building in Toa Payoh Central, Mr Chia Ah Sah, aged 79; and Mr Raman, aged 75. The combined years of service to this community is a total of 96 years.[+15 sentences] Mr Chia shared, "We are poor, but some people are in even worse situations and so we help." This simple belief of a heart-to-heart service has remained consistent over the past 40 years. The love and attachment to the community has only grown. But how do we create more Mr Ramans and Mr Chias? Like many in the Chamber, I have joined many seniors for workouts, outings and health screenings to discover this answer. Instead, I have learned extraordinary secrets, what I describe as "non-Google-ables". Secrets about the precise herbal ingredients in a 药材汤, or herbal soup, to cure a cold for my pregnant wife; hacks to stretch their dollar, like knowing which store at the wet market, or cai png, economy rice stall offers the best value for money. They know the latest hack of getting NTUC discounts and the ways to get CDC vouchers from task. They can also tell you the history behind a street name or the location of a building long gone much faster than ChatGPT can. And not to mention, advice on a good long-lasting marriage and how I should spend more time with my wife and two children. This is the collective wisdom of a lived experience. In our communities, seniors rally around one another to celebrate milestones and turn to one another for support in times of grief and sadness, just as friends and family do. They exist not just as individuals in a neighbourhood, but as a living library of knowledge, and together form a powerful resilient community. How can the narrative of growing old then be reframed, not as a liability, but as an opportunity to live again. After giving their all for decades to work and raising a family, how can we encourage the cultivation and nurturing of new passions, creative talents and entrepreneurship projects through their existing strengths and knowledge? For our youths, we have agencies, like Youth Corps and the National Youth Council, which play a vital role in development through leadership and volunteering programmes. I propose for the formation of Elder Corps, a value for a parallel equivalent agency to leverage on skills and wisdom of our seniors to match them with our schools and youths for mentorship and guidance, to be a force for volunteering and meaningfully contribute to our society.[+5 sentences] New friendships, shared memories and purposes. These are experiences that hold our communities together. Let us ensure our seniors live their final years with dignity, purpose and a good quality of life. Deputy Speaker, Sir, empathy for the vulnerable must also be at the heart of what we do as Parliamentarians. I recently journeyed with Toa Payoh residents Ryan and Rae Mok, whose daughter, Rachael, was born with a rare chromosome disorder and had high-care needs. When Rachael turned five, Rae started Project GIVE, a yearly tea party where entire families of children with high-care needs would gather and participate in an inclusive carnival.[+2 sentences] At the 12th edition this year, I met 31 children with high-care needs and their families, and a village of many helping hands – from extended families to corporate volunteers and medical staff. As a mother, Rae's journey was one of incredible resilience, and the generosity she received from others spurred her to create a community of support for what would otherwise be an isolating caregiving journey. Rachael passed away last month, shy of turning 21 in October.[+8 sentences] As representatives, these are moments of clarity that strengthen our resolve to speak up and I will do so, for caregivers and persons with disabilities, in this House. The resilience of a society is tested during a pandemic, a crisis, and we are only as strong as the weakest link. This was evident during the pandemic when the spotlight shone on essential workers and the vulnerable. During the pandemic, I worked as a care staff in a nursing home, assigned to a ward of 16 males. The daily routine of care was visceral, was intimate and it was intense. This includes changing their diapers, showering, wound dressing, and managing cognitive conditions and difficult behaviour, on a 24/7 shift-work basis. It gave me a deeper appreciation for the labour of care, and I admired my colleagues, a largely migrant workforce, but also realised the unaccounted cost of care and trade-offs that family members might make when they choose to undertake caregiving personally. With love and dedication and devotion which may undergird their decision, many may feel unprepared and helpless too. As the saying goes, "You can't save others if you drown too." While the Government has taken steps to support caregivers through respite services, training and grants, we must go further.[+5 sentences] We must ensure easy access to resources. We must make help visible and accessible and offer it proactively. We must better honour filial piety through stories, and those who choose to personally undertake this responsibility. We must rightfully account for the value these caregivers contribute to our society. This labour of care does not stop at caregivers to seniors or persons with disabilities. We cannot forget our frontline workers who actively care for our people too. We need to better support our social workers, family coaches, teachers, counsellors, therapists, psychologists and nurses, so they can better serve Singapore.[+17 sentences] We must find ways to improve the coordination of our services and close help-seeking time gaps. This ensures our system can be effective in what is intended to do to deliver compassionate assistance to our people in their moments of need. The spirit of empathy is the very fabric of our neighbourhoods. But for our communities to thrive, the systems that support them must be equally compassionate. Beyond economic calculations, we need to consider the accurate accounting of what truly makes a society strong. For too long, relational elements like the immense contributions of caregivers and the cultural values of our heritage have been hard to quantify and, thus, undervalued in our balance sheets. Sociologist Ray Oldenburg describes the third space. The first being our home; the second being the workplace; and the third, the place which is the anchor of community life, which facilitates and fosters broader and more creative interactions. They can be in the form of communal social nodes, places like void decks, hawker centres, coffee shops or parks. As we aspire to improve health-span and the quality of life, we must first ask ourselves what exactly is a life well lived and how do we want to age? The World Health Organization quality of life measurement assesses a person from the physical, psychological, social relationship and environmental perspectives. It acknowledges that humans are multidimensional and, therefore, measures various domains of life, not just the absence of illness. How do we measure the friendships between friends and neighbours? How do we quantify the psychological pain of a senior who might be leaving a familiar community due to a relocation and the cost to their health? How do we communicate with one another the sense of loss at the mergers of our schools, or the closure of our favourite youth hangout or even the place where we used to date. Third places tying closely with the sense of belonging and forms a key part of our identity. Impact assessments provide some economic measurements towards this, and I am glad that the Government has adopted features of environmental impact assessments in redevelopment works. Heritage and social impact assessments have existed, and we must seek to incorporate more of these accounting languages in the decisions we make, and this will allow us to measure the true impact of our decisions on community and identity.[+1 sentence] In conclusion, our total fertility rate is at a record low. Next year, Singapore attains the UN status as a superaged society with more than one in five of us over 65. In five years, that will be one in four. In 2050, it will be almost one in 2.5 Singaporeans.[+1 sentence] I am not sure how the age range of our Parliamentarians will be by then, but as the youngest male PAP Member in the 15th Parliament, by then, I will be 60. French philosopher Auguste Comte may have coined the phrase "demography is destiny", but the President's address has provided a powerful continuum that birth does not dictate destiny, that no one is left behind and that every generation can look ahead with optimism and hope.[+8 sentences] What will Singapore be in 2050 when we celebrate SG75? The country each generation inherits is determined by the actions of the previous one. I am deeply aware that the country my children inherit will be determined by the actions we take now. The President's address has set a clear direction for our nation and it is up to us to embody that vision. Let us respond to the needs of our community with purpose and empathy. Let us build a future where every Singaporean feels seen, heard and valued, a society that truly makes efforts to care for the last, the lost and the least. And I say with conviction, let our generation respond, in optimism and hope. Mr Deputy Speaker, I end my speech in support of the Motion.
Mr Deputy Speaker3 words
[+1 sentence]Ms Diana Pang.
Ms Diana Pang Li Yen (Marine Parade-Braddell Heights)2927 words
Mr Deputy, Sir, I rise today with a deep sense of honour and gratitude to join my fellow Members in thanking our President for his thoughtful and stirring address to open this 15th Parliament. His words were not only a reflection of the past six decades but also a challenge for us to rise to the journey ahead. The President reminded us that the Singapore story began with improbable beginnings – no natural resources, no hinterland and no credible military to defend ourselves. Yet, with unity and sacrifice, we built a nation that is secure and prosperous. He reminded us that while the world is turbulent and the seas rough, "we cannot command the tides, but neither are we a vessel adrift." As I listened, I could not help and reflect on how the values of unity, resilience and trust have shaped my own journey, my own advocacy and the causes I stand for in this House.[+88 sentences] I am forever grateful to Prime Minister Wong for reminding us, in his speech yesterday, that a "we first" society is one that values solidarity even as we recognise our differences. His words resonate deeply with me, for in my own journey into politics is rooted in a simple belief: when I lift and when we lift others, we all rise together. Mr Speaker, before 2003, politics and grassroots work were far from my mind. I had just left my role as an auditor and was fully occupied with business. Life was busy. To be frank, it was comfortable. One day, quite by chance, a business contact around my age invited me to a meet-the-people session over in Fengshan. Out of curiosity, I accepted the invitation, thinking that it would be just an ordinary evening, a bit of letter writing, perhaps observing how MPs and the volunteers help residents. But that evening changed my life. I remember my very first case, seated next to the interviewer with my hands on the computer all ready to type. An elderly woman walked in, distraught and sad. She spoke only in Hokkien and for some reason clutched ever so tightly to my hand, as though I was her last hope. Her son had failed to enlist into National Service. She was struggling to deal with the consequences of that mistake, on top of pressing financial difficulties. I can still recall the look in her eyes – worry, mixed with shame, a deep sense of desperation and hope that someone might listen and help her, for this burden, she cannot carry alone anymore. That itself was my turning point. I realised then I had a heart for service which I never knew that existed. And so, week after week, I returned to serve. It became a calling. The problems were not always easy to solve. Some petitions succeeded, others did not. But every story and every one of them mattered to me. Each resident reminded me that service is not about recognition, but about presence. It is not about being served but about serving. That elderly woman, in her quiet way, became my first teacher in politics. She taught me more in one evening about the dignity of service than any textbook or boardroom ever could. Along the way, I was truly blessed with mentors who not only shaped my journey but also shaped the person I have become. One of them was our former Transport Minister and MP for Fengshan, Mr Raymond Lim. He showed me that leadership can be calm, rational and humble. Despite his position, he always treated the residents and volunteers as equals and never gave the impression that he was above them all. I remember sitting beside him at Meet the People sessions. Residents would pour out their troubles. Some came in angry, very angry, some confused, some in tears. And he listened, always with patience, always with respect, never raising his voice, never hurry them along. He gave them dignity and his time. From him, I learnt that true leadership is not about titles, but about service. It is about lifting others so that they all can stand tall together. I was blessed with family support. My parents, in their practical way, told me: "If you choose this path, 'mai kao peh' (in Hokkien). Just do it, do not complain." My mother urged me to sign up for party membership, reminding me that Singapore had given our family much and it was only right to give back when the country asked for it. My husband, quietly yet steadfastly, shouldered more of the caregiving duties at home so that I can give my time to serving others. My daughter, in her innocence, just said: "Mom, do what you can to help others." Their support carried me and carried me still because behind every volunteer, every MP, every Minister, there is a family that makes it possible for us to serve. For that, I remain deeply grateful to mine for the love, support and encouragement they have given unconditionally. People ask: "Why keep going back, week after week, for more than 20 years?" My answer is always the same. It is the residents; it is the people. Each story, each struggle, each glimmer of hope reminded me why service matters. I remember sometime in May this year, a mother walked into my meet-the-people session, completely overwhelmed. She was caring for her elderly parents, while raising one special needs daughter and three others. She was exhausted, anxious, desperate, close to despair. That evening, together with my volunteers, we found her a simple solution, amongst a lot of other things – a rental flat to ease her immediate burden. So, what mattered more was not just the rental unit. What mattered was that she left knowing that she was not alone. She has a whole team of us behind us. Months later, she came back to me, gave me a handmade flower and that itself touches me deeply. This gesture of gratitude will stay with me far longer than any appointment or anything or any title would ever bring. Encounters like these remind me that politics is never an abstract. It is not about paper-pushing or making grand speeches. It is people, real people, real lives, and real struggles. And when we say "we first", not "me", this is what it looks like if everyone practises it. Since the last GE in May, I have had the privilege of joining my team at more than 140 events. Among them all, one moment stay deeply with me – it was my very first National Day Parade as an MP. Standing at the Padang among the thousands of fellow Singaporeans, I was deeply moved by the sight of our people gathering as one. In that moment, the weight of this office truly struck me. I felt the echoes of our beginnings, the unity, the sacrifice to build our nation, the solemn duty that we now have to carry to keep Singapore strong, united and moving forward. The voices of the crowd might rise beyond not just celebration. They were testimony to resilience, the resilience of a people who refused to give up, who believed we could build something out of nothing. In that same spirit, Mr Speaker, is what I see every week at our meet-the-people session. Ordinary Singaporeans showing extraordinary courage and strength. Volunteers staying late in the night, helping, doing their best to help strangers. Neighbours looking out for neighbours. That, to me, is the Singapore spirit at its very best. I often remind my volunteers: this work is never about us. It is about the lives we touch, about the people. I make that point to share with them, train them, build them, be with them so that we can serve and all of them have served, with confidence, because when I leave one, I leave the whole team and together, we grow stronger. Mr Speaker, allow me what I will champion in this House. Caregiving is both beautiful and brutal. I have met mothers in their eighties still caring for their adult children with special needs. I have met "sandwich-class" parents torn between their ageing parents and their young children in need. One mother told me; I totally agree: "I am always running but never arriving." Even in my own life, I have witnessed the quiet strength of caregiving networks. Neighbours who notice those living alone alert my team, step in to watch over one another, offer simple acts of kindness without hesitation. I have seen parents entrusting their children to neighbours during renovations. In my own experience, I was very, very late. My neighbours helped me to pick up my daughter. They helped me to feed her before I came home. These small but selfless gestures freely given and reciprocated, are the essence of neighbourly spirit, reminded me that a true community is built not on grand words, but on everyday acts of care.[+2 sentences] Love alone is not enough. Families need knowledge and also support. I hope we can prepare families through pre-caregiving education, so that they do not stumble blindly into the stage when the time comes. Provide pathways for post-caregiving reintegration, so that those who step away from their work to care for their loved ones can re-integrate and come back to the society. Let us strengthen our community networks so that no caregiver will ever feel abandoned or walk the journey alone.[+7 sentences] Mr Speaker, in the same bond of solidarity is also what sustains us women. I will speak for women. Like many Singaporean women, I wear many hats. I am a daughter, wife, mother, employer, volunteer. Juggling is constant. Sometimes, we lose themselves in that intensity. Menopause, mental fatigue, caregiving stress – these are real but very often dismissed or misunderstood. I have seen it and I have lived in it. And that is why I started the Healthy Women, Healthy Family programme together with Dr Ang Seng Bin and community partners in 2022 because when women are well, families thrive, and when families thrive, the nation stands firm. In this House, I will champion these policies that recognise women's roles and provide holistic support: more accessible childcare, inclusive workplaces and mental wellness resources.[+26 sentences] These are not an afterthought but our foundation of what we are going to do. Just as we must support women in balancing their many responsibilities, we too must honour our seniors, who have carried their responsibilities for a lifetime. They are not merely dependents, but wisdom-keepers whose experiences continue to hold great value. I recall meeting a resident who told me that he once served as a general manager of a company. He is now in his 60s, living alone. He struggles to find permanent work. Despite a lifetime of leadership and knowledge, he can only secure low-level jobs like security jobs. Stories like his remind us that the skills and wisdom of our seniors are often undervalued, even as they still have so much to contribute. I also recall attending the wake of an elderly man. The two of them, the man and his sister lived together in all their lives, unmarried. When she passed on, he was suddenly adrift and alone. I connected him with support and encouraged him to come for volunteer and join our network. Over time, I began to see light coming into his eyes again, a glimmer of hope. Another time, I sat with a senior at a wake while he waited for a companion to arrive. All we did was just to keep him company. To him, that simple act mattered greatly. These encounters remind me that what our seniors often need is not grand gestures, but dignity, presence and inclusion. Dignity in old age is not a luxury. It is a necessity. And I will champion a Singapore where every senior can live with dignity, contribute with pride, and age with confidence with dignity. Finally, Mr Speaker, I will also champion the cause of our small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). For more than two decades, I have walked the journey of the SMEs myself – balancing payroll, coping with rising costs, navigating layers of compliance and carrying the weight of employees who depend on me for their livelihoods. I have seen business owners who are my friends quietly sacrifice family holidays, forgo their own salaries, dip into their savings – just to make sure the employees are paid. These stories rarely make the headlines, but they are the quiet sacrifices that keep Singapore's economy and communities going. This is why I will continue to press for clearer, more accessible forms of support for SMEs. Support should not come hidden behind costly consultants or weighed down by red tape. What businesses need are practical tools, affordable digitalisation, fair insurance that allows older workers to be hired with confidence and genuine partnerships that nurture homegrown talent.[+10 sentences] Our SMEs are not small. They are strong – strong in heart, strong in resilience and strong in their contribution to Singapore. Mr Speaker, I may be new to this House, but I am not new to service. For over 20 years, I have sat with residents at their lowest points, trained volunteers to serve better and built teams that believe in we, not me. I see myself as a tiger mum not a bear mum, protective of every life entrusted to me, whether within my family or in the community I serve. Just as I would never compromise on my children’s well-being, I will never compromise on protecting our heritage, our culture, our racial harmony that binds us all together. Service, to me, is not a sacrifice. It is a joy. I want Singapore and my constituents to know that I love what I do. I enjoy what I do. They can come to me and my team, and we will be there for you.[+3 sentences] My promise is simple. I will stand with you. I speak for the voiceless. I will champion for the caregivers, the women, the seniors and small businesses.[+20 sentences] In doing so, I hope to play my part in building a "we first" society that Prime Minister Lawrence Wong has called us forward. One day where every Singaporean can be the best version of ourselves and you are never left to walk alone. Mr Speaker, as I take my seat in this House, I do so with full awareness of the responsibility entrusted to me. I may be new but I bring with me the life experiences of many Singaporeans. I look forward to working alongside all Members of this House to build a more compassionate, more cohesive, more courageous and more lovable Singapore. One that remains true to our values, confident in our future and united as one people. In Mandarin, please. (In Mandarin): Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker, Singapore's racial and religious harmony, and the mutual trust and respect between families and society, are the result of 60 years of joint efforts by the PAP government, the people and religious groups. Our forefathers have passed down this spirit to us today and we must carry it forward! We must pass these important values from generation to generation. Only by nurturing strong families and a caring society can we truly achieve the goals of "SG100". I am currently the Member of Parliament for Geylang Serai. It is a vibrant home with rich stories, traditions and history. The people here possess a strong "kampong" spirit, looking out for one another and caring for each other! This is our Singaporean "kampong" spirit, and it is also an important driving force for Singapore to continue moving forward! Mr Speaker, during these 144 days, I feel what people feel. I remember a resident who encountered housing and financial difficulties and came to seek my help. Initially, she only told me that her husband had lost his job and the family's source of income had been cut off as a result. The family of four was staying with others, without a home of their own. Their original plans to purchase a house had to be abandoned due to her husband's unemployment. After understanding the situation, we successfully helped her apply for a rental flat, and the matter of her children's education were also properly arranged. We also contacted different religious groups, and everyone extended their help unconditionally, providing assistance, regardless of race.[+7 sentences] These efforts greatly improved their lives. Now, whenever this woman sees us, she will say "thank you". This is the power of the "we" that the Prime Minister emphasises on. We helped her to understand the situation. Religious organisations also chipped in to help. Mr Speaker, this is the Singapore spirit that we need, and it is also the spirit in our National Pledge – "regardless of race, language or religion, to build a democratic society based on justice and equality so as to achieve happiness, prosperity and progress for our nation." As the MP for Geylang Serai, in the days ahead, I will serve you diligently, improve community infrastructure to support physical and mental well-being. I will also promote Geylang Serai’s traditions and history. I will do my best to help those with difficulties in your daily life and find the most suitable solutions.[+3 sentences] I will understand your situations. I say to you: "Come to me if you have a problem, ask me if you don't understand, I'm here for big and small issues." (In English): Mr Speaker, I support the Motion.
Mr Speaker8 words
[+1 sentence]Mr Fadli, you have a clarification to ask.
Mr Fadli Fawzi (Aljunied)111 words
[+3 sentences]Mr Speaker, I have a clarification for the Deputy Speaker, Mr Xie Yao Quan's speech. Firstly, I would like to thank the Member for his eloquent speech in Malay. If I understood it correctly, the Member acknowledged that though some people will be ahead and some will lag behind under a meritocracy, everyone will still be in the same direction of success on the escalator of progress. While it is good that we are heading in the same direction, would the hon Member agree that the true test of meritocracy is whether it truly fosters social mobility and is he currently satisfied with the current state of social mobility in Singapore?
Mr Speaker2 words
[+1 sentence]Mr Xie.
Mr Xie Yao Quan231 words
[+5 sentences]Thank you, Mr Speaker. Let me just say a couple of things. First, I think all of us care about those who are left behind. And on this, I just want to say, I think no one has a monopoly on compassion and on those who are left behind in society. I think all of us in this House we care about those who are left behind and we have been speaking up passionately on both sides of the House about those who have been left behind, so that is the first thing I would like to point out. The second is that as I said before, meritocracy is not perfect. The meritocracy in Singapore, in our system is not perfect.[+2 sentences] And, indeed, Members on both sides of the House as well have in the previous terms of Parliament, in this term of Parliament made critiques about our meritocracy and suggested ways to improve our meritocracy. So, to answer Mr Fadli, am I satisfied with the state of meritocracy in Singapore? Of course, we can do better and I would just suggest to Mr Fadli that in the spirit of constructive debate in this house, let us focus on specific alternatives and suggestions on how we can improve our meritocracy to make sure that it continues to serve Singaporeans, now and in the future, and that it remains fit for purpose.
Mr Speaker23 words
Mr Fadli, in future, wait for me to call on you to go to the stand.[+1 sentence] Yes, you can respond to Mr Xie.
Mr Fadli Fawzi56 words
[+1 sentence]I thank Mr Xie for his clarification. I would just like to say that, although we come from different sides of the isles, I agree with the Member and many others of the House who have spoken about the need to work harder to make meritocracy fairer for everyone, especially for those left behind.[+1 sentence] Thank you.
Mr Speaker2 words
[+1 sentence]Mr Xie.
Mr Xie Yao Quan53 words
[+6 sentences]Mr Speaker, Sir, thank you. I thank Mr Fadli for that affirmation and indeed for an agreement. Just to make one more point of order. Mr Fadli referred to me just now as Deputy Speaker. Just want to be sure that I am speaking in my capacity as a MP now. Thank you.
Mr Speaker5 words
[+1 sentence]Minister of State Rahayu Mahzam.
The Minister of State for Digital Development and Information, and Health (Ms Rahayu Mahzam)2347 words
[+20 sentences]Thank you, Mr Speaker. I stand in support of this Motion. The President's address reminds us that our success as a nation cannot be measured by economic growth alone. It is also about how we support every Singaporean, young or old, to contribute and to live with dignity. We all play a part in creating communities of care that demonstrate compassion and ability to build common ground despite our varied experiences. This commitment to create communities of care should endure, even as our lives in Singapore become more digitalised. We must be committed to making sure that going digital helps every Singaporean. No one should be left behind. Singaporeans should feel safe and respected in the digital space, and all of us, regardless of age, can look ahead with optimism and hope. Today, digital technology has already woven itself into almost every aspect of life. We access digital government services, use the Internet for school and work, shop online at our convenience and connect with loved ones through messaging apps and social media. This reality brings both opportunities and challenges and we know that the digital transformation is not easy. Seniors feel overwhelmed, trying to keep up with new digital functions and apps. Some families face financial pressures regarding devices and Internet plans. Parents worry about the impact of screen time and what their children might encounter online especially with cyberbullying becoming increasingly prevalent. Our young people feel anxious and stressed by the pressures and comparisons that social media can amplify in their daily lives. All of us, regardless of age, have probably been caught off guard by increasingly realistic fake content that is becoming harder to identify. These concerns are real and they matter to us. Let me share what we have been doing at MDDI and will continue to do to tackle these challenges. We have a long-standing commitment to support our seniors and low-income families in their digitalisation journey. For low-income families, we recognise that technology can feel like yet another financial pressure. That is why we have programmes that offer subsidies for Internet access and devices and over 20,000 households have benefited since 2023. During COVID-19, many activities moved online, leaving some seniors overwhelmed and at a loss with the abrupt changes. So, we set up the SG Digital Office (SDO) with digital ambassadors to support the digitally less savvy with essential digital skills such as accessing government services like Singpass and health services and communicating online. Since 2020, SDO has engaged over 40,0000 seniors and they will continue to walk alongside seniors on their digital journeys.[+7 sentences] Mdm Jeannie Chian, aged 67, from Bukit Batok East, used to feel left behind in our digital world where she saw younger people move easily through QR codes and mobile payments. She was scared that she would not be able to catch up. She also wanted to be independent. So, when she found out about the SDO's training programmes from a digital ambassador during a community event, she decided to give it a try. After attending the programmes, she gained the skills and today she can confidently use e-payments. Mdm Chian's experience reflects what we are seeing across Singapore. More and more of our seniors are going online. In 2024, 72% of seniors have the skill to find information online up from 53% in 2020.[+9 sentences] While it is also true that there are some seniors who are put off by the fear of being scammed online, the guidance at the SDO programmes help address the concerns. In these programmes, they are also taught how to recognise suspicious links or offers online and build healthy digital habits. It is inspiring to watch them overcome their fears, adopt a positive attitude and embrace new digital technologies. We also understand that not everyone is ready or able to go fully digital and that is okay. This is why we have kept alternatives, like physical CDC vouchers. Residents who need assistance with Government digital transactions can continue to get in-person assistance at Government agencies' physical service touchpoints. They can also visit ServiceSG Centres for assistance with 600 frequently-used Government services and schemes. We encourage digital-first but will not be digital-only. We will continue to help citizens access Government services through whatever means they prefer. There is so much to learn about digital and we are trying to make it easier for everyone to be part of a learning community so that we can grow together. We are thinking about our children's future in this digital world and have introduced new AI for Fun modules to our existing Code for Fun programmes in primary and secondary schools in 2025.[+13 sentences] Students now get hands-on experience with AI technology, where they can learn to use generative AI for brainstorming and creating content, while understanding how to use it safely. And this learning journey extends beyond schools and beyond just teaching the young. Earlier this week, I spoke on how libraries serve as places where we can learn new knowledge and exchange ideas with people who have similar interests. The same goes for learning about digital. Take Mr Ronnie Meng, for example. Two years ago, he attended a one-day workshop at MakeIT, the library makerspace in Punggol Regional Library, to learn the basics of 3D printing. The workshop sparked his interest in 3D printing as he could see his ideas brought to life. Recently, he has expanded his skills to include Gen AI tools for advanced designs. Every week, Mr Ronnie returns to the library to create puzzles and toys for his grandchildren, hoping to kindle the same creative passion in them. At MakeIT, he also met people with similar interests and enjoyed exchanging ideas and tips with fellow members. Mr Ronnie's experience captures the spirit of our libraries as places to spark curiosity, equalise access to technologies and strengthen community through learning. Beyond libraries, learning also takes place at over 50 Digital Clubs that have been set up by People's Association Active Ageing Councils and SDO. These Digital Clubs promote peer learning and seniors are encouraged to learn from one another because, sometimes, the best teacher is the person sitting next to you who just recently figured something out and remembers how confusing it felt at first. To promote more of such learning communities, we will be collaborating with the Agency for Integrated Care to bring these clubs into Active Ageing Centres closer to where seniors normally gather.[+8 sentences] Having access to technology and knowing how to use it is important but there is another piece of the puzzle that is equally crucial. Digital services should feel intuitive and easy to use for all users. Take banking apps, for example. Most of us find them quite easy to use. But Mr Ng Choon Hwee, 70, who has a visual impairment, faces a very different experience. He uses the voiceover function to tell him what is on the screen but if a banking app is not properly labelled, the voiceover reads out unhelpful descriptions, like "button" or "image", that does not allow him to perform the task that he intends. A straightforward task like checking his bank balance or reviewing transactions becomes a frustrating guessing game. Beyond incorporating inclusive design features that serve users with special needs, a well-designed app enhances usability for all of us, regardless of age or ability. That is why we are working to improve this and as Government, we are taking the lead. We recently refreshed the Digital Service Standards, which serves as a set of guidelines for designing Government digital services.[+4 sentences] The new standards guide developers in aspects of digital accessibility so that digital Government services are compatible with assistive technology and are easier to use. We are also actively involving citizens in improving user experience of digital Government services and ensuring such services are accessible to all. A key part of this effort is our Tech Kaki community. Tech Kaki brings together citizens from all walks of life who share their experiences and insights to help us design better Government digital services. For example, the Health Promotion Board (HPB) engaged over 800 Tech Kaki members for feedback on their user experience and the useful insights shared led to refinements in the Healthy 365 app features.[+6 sentences] Such efforts contribute to ensuring the app is accessible to all Singaporeans, to support them in living healthily. Our hope is that whether it is applying for housing, booking a doctor's appointment, or seeking social support services, the experience should be smooth and reassuring for all users. Accessible digital design is about more than just lines of code. It represents our shared commitment to building an equitable, thriving environment where everyone can take part confidently and with ease. Now, I would address something that has been weighing on many of our minds – keeping our online spaces safe and welcoming for everyone, especially for our children. In addition to the threat of misinformation and disinformation, we are seeing the troubling rise in online harms and negative online behaviour. According to MDDI's Online Safety Poll 2024, more than 70% of respondents indicated that they have encountered harmful online content such as cyberbullying.[+4 sentences] To better protect Singaporeans from online harms, we have been strengthening our regulatory tools. For instance, the Broadcasting Act was amended to allow us to enhance online safety of Online Communication Services (OCSs), which, at present, comprise social media services (SMS) and app distribution services (ADS), also known as the app stores. The amended Broadcasting Act grants the Infocomm Media Development Authority (IMDA) the legal powers to issue directions to disable access by Singapore users to egregious content found on OCSs, such as content depicting child sexual exploitation. Furthermore, the amendment also provides IMDA with the legal powers to issue Codes of Practice to require designated social media platforms and app stores to put in place systems and processes to mitigate the risks of exposure to harmful content for all Singapore users, especially for children. We are also stepping up efforts to improve support systems for those affected by online harms. We will be establishing an Online Safety Commission next year to provide timely and accessible assistance to victims who encounter online harms, such as cyberbullying and intimate image abuse.[+9 sentences] We will continue to review our legislation and build necessary regulatory safeguards. We are already studying approaches taken in jurisdictions, like the United Kingdom, European Union (EU) and Australia. In particular, we are looking at the implementation of age assurance measures in these places to guide our own efforts. We are engaging social media platforms, think tanks, technology vendors to understand the space. We want to put in place effective legislation that can protect our children from harmful and inappropriate content online. However, legislative levers alone cannot create the kind of safe and trusted online community we want to live in. For that to happen, we each must play our part to build a culture of respect and kindness in our shared digital space. I am encouraged by how families are stepping up. Parenting in the digital era comes with real challenge and I see parents putting in their best efforts. Based on our recent Digital Parenting Survey, we know that the majority of parents guide children's digital use, but many have expressed little or no confidence in doing so.[+1 sentence] Beyond stronger legislation, parents wanted access to relevant resources, such as online courses, guides and workshops, that can help them manage their child's digital activities. Today, we have the Guidance on Screen Use in Children to provide clear advice on the matter; a Positive Use Guide to guide healthy and positive uses of technology and social media; and the Parenting for Wellness initiative with resources to address matters, such as cyberbullying and managing screen use. Just as it takes a village to raise a child, it takes a whole-of-society commitment to successfully support parents and youths in the digital age. We are committed to partnering with community and industry partners to make practical and accessible resources readily available for every parent.[+10 sentences] These resources will be tailored according to the various stages in the parenting journey, based on their child's developmental age range and their experiences with key digital milestones. For example, first exposure to screens, first phone. We want to support parents in cultivating healthy digital habits in their children from a young age. However, creating a positive online culture is not just about parents and children. Every single one of us contributes to shaping our shared digital space. I would like to encourage all of us to be kind in our digital interactions and cultivate habits of care that extend to the online space. Maybe before we share that post, we can pause and consider how our words might affect someone else. When we see cyberbullying happening, perhaps we could report it instead of scrolling past silently. These might feel like small gestures, but they will shape the digital culture we are all part of. As many in this House have alluded to, building a "we first" society starts with "me". The Government is committed to ensuring every Singaporean can be part of our digital future. Progress in building our Smart Nation must be shared by all and no one should be excluded or left behind.[+7 sentences] The vision of an inclusive digital society is a shared responsibility that requires us to all lean in. We would like to invite community partners to help support digital parenting in this ever-changing landscape. We encourage companies and agencies to adopt accessible digital design practices. And as individuals, we can help a neighbour or family member with picking up a new digital skill, model positive use of technology for our children and simply choosing kindness in our online interactions. Together, we can build a Smart Nation that genuinely serves everyone, not just those who are digitally-savvy, but all of us, with our different abilities and needs. The digital future is inevitable, but the kind of digital future we create is entirely up to us. Let us make it one we can all be proud of.
Mr Speaker9 words
[+1 sentence]Mr Cai Yinzhou, you have a clarification to make?
Mr Cai Yinzhou19 words
Speaker, in my speech, I mentioned that Singapore will celebrate SG75 in 2050.[+2 sentences] I misspoke. It should be SG85.
[+22 sentences]Mr Speaker, Sir, before I begin, I would like to declare that I am an Assistant Professor in imaging neuroscience at the Singapore Institute of Technology and am a registered member of the Allied Health Professions Council. I rise in support of the Motion of Thanks for the President's address. It is a privilege for me to join this debate as a new Member. First, I would like to thank the residents of Tengah and Chua Chu Kang for giving me the opportunity to speak in the 15th Parliament. I am also immensely grateful to my better half and my two-year-old for their unwavering love. And to my team and volunteers, thank you for being my second family. Last week, I watched my two-year-old play with gears, and it reminded me of how healthcare and research are like the hidden gears behind a masterfully crafted clock. You do not always see them, but they keep life moving – quietly, precisely, relentlessly. Each gear must be aligned; each spring must be wound with care. If even one falters, a missed diagnosis, a delayed study, the whole system stutters. Today, I would like to speak on two areas that are deeply intertwined with our future: healthcare and research. First, on healthcare. Singapore's healthcare conversation is evolving. It is no longer solely about life and death. It is about how we live in old age and in sickness, and the quality of life we can sustain across the lifespan. This shift in focus brings urgency to how we manage downstream healthcare, supporting those already living with illness, especially within our growing population of older citizens. Strategic, long-term planning is essential. Judicious allocation of resources will determine whether our healthcare standards remain sustainable and continue to improve. Importantly, downstream care is not just about ageing. It encompasses a broader spectrum of lived experiences: the young adult recovering from a stroke; the parent managing a child’s autism diagnosis; the worker coping with chronic pain; the caregiver supporting both ageing parents and young children. To meet these diverse and increasing demands while upholding healthcare quality, we need to continually review how care is delivered. One area is manpower efficiency. Perhaps we can draw on current nurse-led models under Healthier SG and expand the autonomy of Allied Health Professionals (AHPs) in referrals and prescriptions.[+5 sentences] This is already standard in countries like the UK. Outside hospitals and within our communities, engaging seniors meaningfully can be key to optimising their physical and mental health. Rather than seeing seniors as passive recipients of care, we should recognise senior volunteerism as a strategic asset. Regardless of age, mobility, or technology proficiency; whether they use a wheelchair, a tongkat, or none at all – we can all actively welcome seniors into care initiatives through volunteer networks. This unlocks a win-win: seniors gain purpose and connection, while communities benefit from their care and experience. Yet, to truly future-proof our healthcare system, we must look upstream, well before illness sets in.[+1 sentence] Healthier SG has laid a strong foundation. We can build on this momentum by focusing on the first 1,000 days of life, perhaps through initiatives like Grow Well SG that centres on child well-being.[+10 sentences] To enhance its impact, I suggest: moving beyond reactive screening by offering guidance on postural health and ergonomics from early school-going age; embedding early touchpoints into antenatal care to equip first-time parents with tools for building healthy routines from the start; redesigning existing spaces in HDB estates to include multi-use play corners that encourage outdoor activity, family bonding and intergenerational engagement. Besides care recipients, caregivers are an integral part of the healthcare landscape. Singapore has laid the groundwork for caregiving support through subsidies, respite services and community programmes. But the caregiving landscape is evolving and we must elevate our approach. Caregiving is complex. It is not one role, but many – nurse, planner, advocate, emotional anchor. Support must go beyond financial aid. To truly elevate support, we should involve caregiving-trained professionals in policy, programme design and decision-making; and individuals who understand care from the inside out. More spending does not guarantee better outcomes. If done right, caregiving support should be precise, efficient and impactful. To better support caregivers, I propose: expanding flexible work arrangements and caregiving leave to accommodate diverse caregiving needs, starting with the public sector and extending through legislation to the private sector; supporting caregivers in regular health screenings, by integrating them into existing national programmes such as Healthier SG Screening; and incorporating mental health screening for caregivers, leveraging on existing screening providers.[+2 sentences] Let me now move on to research. I will begin with research strategy, followed by research impact assessment. Singapore committed $28 billion under the Research, Innovation and Enterprise 2025 Plan.[+8 sentences] But investment alone is not vision. We must ask: what are we building and who are we becoming? We cannot simply cruise along with the flow of the waters; we need to accelerate and ride with the waves – as the Chinese saying goes, "不随波逐流，要乘风破浪". In a world of rapid innovation, drifting with the current may seem safe, but it leaves us vulnerable to external tides. If we only follow, we risk becoming dependent on others for the technologies and solutions that shape our future. So, we must define our own direction. We are not striving to be sellers of everything, but we cannot afford to be buyers of everything either. Take the current trend of AI as an example. Instead of focusing only on applications built elsewhere, we must ask, "Can we Singapore lead in artificial intelligence on novel applications, such as, for multilingual societies, for small data environments, or for public trust and governance?" And beyond trends, what is Singapore's own version of artificial intelligence? I appeal to the Government to define and commit to long-term strategic research domains, fields where Singapore can lead – invest in Singapore-branded technologies that enhance national resilience in essential sectors; encourage and enable researchers to pursue high-risk, long-horizon questions through targeted grants; and infrastructure support and collaboration platforms.[+2 sentences] When policy and innovation move together with clarity and courage, Singapore will not only keep pace with the waves of innovation. We will set our own direction, chart a course others can follow and build capabilities that serve our people and economy for decades to come. And finally, on research expenditure and impact assessment. We have committed billions to support research, innovation and enterprise. But the question is not how much we spend; it is what we get from what we spend.[+9 sentences] We must ensure that funding is not merely meeting check-box criteria, but delivering real impact. Are we solving the problems we set out to solve? Are we plugging the gaps that matter most? We often measure success by volume; papers published, grants awarded, partnerships signed. These are important, but they do not always reflect whether the work is transformative or relevant. We must also be mindful of the administrative workload on researchers. When too much time is spent on compliance and reporting, we risk shifting focus away from innovation. Accountability is essential, but it must be proportionate and purposeful. And we need research-trained professionals, not just those with degrees, but those with deep, discipline-based expertise to manage and evaluate research outcomes. To ensure that every dollar spent delivers maximum value, I propose the following: support early-career scientists with targeted funding that promotes exploration, innovation and breakthrough thinking; shift to impact-driven evaluation by requiring grant programmes to define success upfront in terms of national outcomes, with clear plans for industry partnerships or public sector applications; streamline grant processes – consolidate duplicative calls across agencies and reduce excessive reporting requirements to allow researchers to focus on innovation; ensure funding decisions and outcome assessments are guided by domain experts with deep research expertise and relevant field experience.[+1 sentence] Mr Speaker, Sir, "我们要把钱花在刀刃上", means spending money where it matters most. Let us continue to invest boldly but, also wisely, that our research efforts deliver not just quantity and activity, but authentic, measurable impact.[+20 sentences] Today, I spoke on healthcare and research. But there is much more to speak on, and beneath these diverse topics, lies a common thread. Let me offer an analogy: Singapore is like a boat. We are all in it together, each with different personalities, backgrounds and perspectives. There is no right or wrong in who we are. What matters is that we row in the same direction. In healthcare, in research, in every policy we shape, we must choose the right way, not the easy way. The right way demands courage, clarity and compassion. It asks us to listen deeply, act boldly and build patiently. And let me end with this reflection. This is inspired by the Prime Minister's National Day Rally speech and the President's Parliamentary address. Mr Speaker, in Mandarin. (In Mandarin): We are not passengers — we are crew. Each with a different rhythm, a different strength. But the boat moves only when we row together. Not in circles. Not apart. Forward. Let us choose the right way, not the easy way. Let us move as many, but sail as one.
Mr Speaker3 words
[+1 sentence]Ms Diana Pang.
Ms Diana Pang Li Yen58 words
[+3 sentences]Mr Speaker, earlier in my speech, I had used a Hokkien phrase, which I am given to understand may not be very appropriate to use in the Parliamentary context. I just wanted to explain that I used it in the context of a story I was relating and did not mean to be unparliamentary. Please accept my apologies.
Mr Speaker5 words
[+2 sentences]Apologies accepted. Mr Henry Kwek.
Mr Kwek Hian Chuan Henry (Kebun Baru)1984 words
[+27 sentences]Mr Speaker, I rise in support of the Motion. Many colleagues here have spoken about a turbulent world; great-power contest, technological disruption. From Singapore's early days, we have known these dangers. We have always, and often been caught sometimes by ourselves, as an improbable nation, a little red dot. This labels emphasise our vulnerability, too small to matter, too exposed to survive alone, too young to develop deep roots. Yet, these weaknesses force us to build deeper foundations. Large nations can afford divisions, we cannot. Large nations can tolerate institutional decay, we cannot. Large nations can indulge in identity politics, we cannot. Our vulnerability has became our vigilance and our constraints become our discipline. And from this foundation, something remarkable has emerged as we began a new chapter under our fourth Prime Minister, even amidst a dangerous world, we have a basis for optimism that is often overlooked. We have quietly emerged as a civilisation of states, rare among small nations born not of design, but of decisions under pressure. Like the Venetian Republic of old, small in territory, immense in influence, because Venice knew what it stood for. Venice proved that civilisational death does not require vast lands. Singapore, too, carries this potential. We are more than a flag and anthem. Our institutions are trusted, our common purpose and values are clear. We possess the cultural maturity and sovereign worldview to set our own compass. And in this dangerous age, while others fracture, we unite. While others doubt, we build. Therefore, let us build on a new source of strength: the quiet stature of an emerging civilisational state; small on the map, large in mind and spirit. To tap on this strength, we can tell our story better, harness technological disruption, keep life affordable and expand our capacity for care. Let me outline how we can do these four things. One, tell our stories better. If Singapore is a ship, our media is the rudder that allows us to reflect together, to steer our collective destiny. And our culture is our ballast, keeping us steady through choppy waters. To tell our stories better, we must do four things. One, double down on investments in our newsrooms, even as media companies face declining revenues.[+12 sentences] Yes, AI can write prose and automate workflows. But journalism is fundamentally about human connection – reporters engaging in people and uncovering stories that matter. We are not just maintaining standards; we are polishing diamonds. Zaobao is already the most respected Chinese media outlet globally. And CNA commands credibility far beyond our shores. With strategic investment, can we position Business Times as the Financial Times of Southeast Asia? In an era where great powers project, not just hard power, but influence, our media is our best vehicle for soft power; offering an authentic Singapore perspective to the world. Two, we need to build the generational divide by connecting our youths to our media and culture, for without this connection, our cultural future dims. Fortunately, I can see green shoots are emerging. Zaobao's recent partnership with Chinese media company, they are the creators of this web novel turned hit drama series called "Yu Qing Nian", it is a fantastic drama series. This contest a partnership has generated, I was told, tens of thousands of entries from all over the world, including from Singapore and the region. MediaCorp's “Superstar” and SPH's “Xing Kong Xin” are discovering new voices and new lyrics that speak to our people. To accelerate this, I hope our Government can consider funding media clubs in schools, in every school, dedicate a part of our national news sections to youth journalists, so that they can shape national conversations directly.[+3 sentences] This two-way bridge helps our media feel the pulse of our younger generations while nurturing future newsmakers. Third, we should refresh and extend the Singapore story. Past cultural icons, like Liang Wen Fu and Stefanie Sun, have shaped our identity with minimal Government support. For SG60, I hope we can launch a decade-long programme bringing together our brightest cultural minds, people like Boo Junfeng, Yeo Siew Hua and Wong Kahchun.[+4 sentences] Give them the resources and access to our ecosystem to write the next chapter of our story. Because we should think about the consequences of letting our cultural development languish. In 10 years, will we accept our identity being shaped by the occasional Netflix drama done by a foreign content creator? Will we be comfortable if we let others, including those with an agenda, decide what to amplify or diminish about our Singapore culture? Four, we should prepare Singaporeans for a contested information landscape. We should mandate media literacy modules in junior colleges and tertiary institutions so that all Singaporeans, before they reach adulthood, are aware of this.[+2 sentences] In my view, we should enforce MOH's guidelines on healthy social media consumption for our youths. This is not tilting at windmills. It is about giving our youths the headspace to resist the instant gratification loops. We should also require social media to surface more societal content, helping citizens break free from filter bubbles.[+7 sentences] Because we should also count the the cost of inaction? Without further decisive action, our youths' mental health will continue to be affected. Algorithms, not us, will shape our collective consciousness. Most of all, when one is drowning in newsfeeds personalised to the “I” and the “I” here is defined by the shortest possible attention span, what space are we leaving to build a “we first” society? My next point is harnessing creative destruction. Yes, we all know that AI-driven disruptions are both creating opportunities and challenges. The US experience is instructive. Large media companies are shedding jobs, yes that is true, but AI is also making custom digitisation affordable for many industries and smaller companies, work that was previously too expensive.[+8 sentences] These displaced technology talents do not just disappear. They diffuse into other industries and bring with them the skills with them to spark broader productivity and Singapore should seize these opportunities as well. How do we start? First, the Government must lead. While private companies shed tech jobs, we should accelerate digitalisation instead. Hire young IT graduates to supercharge Ministries with AI, prototype solutions and help companies cut costs. In short, we should transform job disruption into opportunity. Second, spread tech talents across industries. As tech giants slim down, mid-sized companies can now afford customised AI solutions. So, we should incentivise, especially mid-sized system integrators in selected industries to hire young graduates who are mastering AI to digitalise those untouched sectors.[+8 sentences] Third, we should reskill and retool our education system. We all know that in this age, tech talent needs three things: a deep understanding of system architecture depth, business knowledge and AI coding ability. It means that our senior project managers must relearn coding to be able to harness AI effectively. Our universities and polytechnics must provide tech students with business classes and industry projects. We must try hard to create pivot programmes for tech students and recent graduates into high-demand areas, such as AI development and cybersecurity. And finally, we must prepare for broader waves. Tech is just the beginning. AI automation will spread everywhere, be it self-driving vehicles or delivery robots. The SkillsFuture Level-Up Programme is excellent because we are not just having people training but cost-of-living subsidies. For our people with limited financial buffers but are committed to reskilling, can we consider enhancing it with optional loan and insurance moratoriums, so they can plunge ahead with conviction and confidence?[+17 sentences] This will ensure that disruption does not lead to distress. Three, keep homes and daily lives within reach. I welcome the brisk pace of BTO constructions, adding supply would moderate resale pressure. With more homes coming, we should be able to expand both access and affordability. I hope we can consider raising income ceilings for high-achieving Singaporeans with limited inter-generational wealth and also allow Singaporeans married to foreigners, older applicants from private estates and singles to access larger BTOs and not just resale flats. I hope we can also consider lowering the singles eligibility age by two years. These are not concessions; we should recognise that diverse family structures deserve equal dignity in housing. But affordability extends beyond the flat. It is the daily cost of living in our daily lives. We all know that coffee shop prices where it is now leads to high rental rates and I hope the Government can intervene directly. Let us consider targeted purchases of surrounding shops and converting them into Government-owned Community Canteens, we can call it "⼈民⾷堂". We are talking about low-cost spaces, tendered to operators who commit to fair prices and quality meals. And I believe that we just need a limited number of them, perhaps 20 or 30 sites throughout Singapore. I believe these will do much to taper excessive coffee shop prices. My final point is about enlarging our circle of care. Our people's capacity for compassion has grown. A good example is how global crises such as the plight of civilians in Gaza has moved Singaporeans across all races and faiths to help. One of my community volunteer is Ashik and he serves as the Executive Director of Mercy Relief. He shared with me that they raised $1 million to benefit 350,000 civilians with food, medical supplies and water.[+26 sentences] In fact, they are preparing for four more projects in Gaza and the West Bank. And our Government also mirrors this empathy. The Singapore Armed Forces (SAF) airdrops supplies and convenes the Humanitarian Assistance Disaster Response conference, which I have attended over the last few years and I saw how SAF brought together militaries and volunteer welfare organisations to respond faster when crises strike. So, this example shows how the hearts of Singaporeans have expanded beyond our shores. I hope that the same expansive spirit must also transform care at home in Singapore, in three ways. I hope we can strengthen our oral care. Dental health remains an area of improvement in our otherwise excellent healthcare system. Let us consider creating a Healthier SG dental plan by working with private sector dental clinics. Two, we must accelerate a nationwide roll-out of affordable assisted living for our seniors. For many of our seniors, our current senior care model assumes binary choices, either full independence with lived-in help or institutional care. But the reality is a lot messier. Therefore, I hope we can quickly conclude our learnings from the pilot that is going on, about shared resources for assisted living and scale it nationwide. Three, fight animal cruelty. How we treat the voiceless reveals our values. As cruelty reports rise, we must respond decisively. Strengthen penalties and give agencies resources for swift action. And I will follow up in subsequent debates with detailed proposals. In conclusion, Mr Speaker, these four ideas show that even as a small nation, we should not be a price taker amid global currents. We can set our own course. Many countries struggle to be more than a flag and an anthem, united in name, divided in purpose. Singapore chose differently. We have developed the habits of a civilisational state, institutions that keep faith, a culture that renews, a people who hold together. We often associate such a death of large nations like France, yet size is not destiny. Like Venice once did, Singapore shows that a small state can carry a civilisation. It is who we are. Now, let us choose it openly. In this dangerous age, we choose not to remain quiet, not to play it safe, not to settle, but to be who we are meant to be. So, let us set our compass, build our institution and live our culture. We are more than a shining red dot, more than an economic miracle, more than the sum of all our constraints. We are a nation that knows itself, and in knowing itself, shapes our destiny.
Mr Speaker3 words
[+1 sentence]Mr Jackson Lam.
Mr Jackson Lam (Nee Soon)1764 words
[+17 sentences]Mr Speaker, Sir, I rise in support of the Motion of Thanks to the President for his address. This is my first time speaking in this House, and I do so with gratitude, humility and a full heart. I treasure the chance to speak up on behalf of other regular Singaporeans, just like myself. I come to this Chamber with a commitment to listen, to care and to take action. I wish to express my appreciation to all those who have served in this House before me. Their dedication has shaped the Singapore we live in today. It is now our turn to continue that work with conviction, compassion and courage. The President reminded us, in his address, that we are at a critical juncture in our nation’s journey. We were reminded that the world around us is changing in profound way and uncertainty is becoming the new normal. Yet, we are not a vessel adrift. By strengthening our security, transforming our economy, sustaining mobility and putting "we" before "me", we can chart our course with confidence and unity. How do we do that? A Chinese saying has guided me in my journey as a volunteer and now as an MP, "老吾老，以及人之老; 幼吾幼，以及人之幼." To honour the elderly as we do so for our elderly at home and care for others' children as we care for our own. Let me start with our seniors. We all know the numbers. Singapore is ageing quickly. In just five years, a quarter of our citizens will be aged 65 and above.[+16 sentences] But numbers alone do not move hearts. We all know of some aunties who live alone and almost never leave the house, or uncles sitting by themselves with their kopi at coffeeshops, watching the world move past them, growing quieter every day. I think about my own grandmother and the older neighbours who watched me grow up. Many of them want to feel connected to the community they are in. They want to play their part in the community. They want to feel like they still matter. I met Mdm Ho recently. She is a retiree and often organises seniors' exercise sessions in the Nee Soon community. She also encourages the group to have potluck sessions during festive celebrations. Today, the group has grown to 50 seniors. There could be many more warm-hearted elderly, just like Mdm Ho, in our community. They bring our residents and neighbours together. We should support such ground-up efforts and share them with the broader community. Growing old should not feel like growing invisible. "家有一老，如有一宝" (elders in a family are like treasures) should not be just lip service. Our seniors are a gift, not a burden to be managed. Government initiatives, such as the Action Plan for Successful Ageing, and the co-location of eldercare and childcare services have laid strong foundations.[+26 sentences] But we must do more to reimagine what ageing can look like; where seniors are fully present, where they mentor, share or shape their communities. Imagine primary schools where seniors come to read to students, share stories of the olden days or simply help with co-curricular activities. Imagine void decks with community kitchens, where older folks share their family recipes with the younger residents. All these are not grand policy moves, but they build connection and connection is what keeps people going. Let us also look at our common areas. Many are quiet during weekdays. Can we turn them into intergenerational spaces? Community gardening, music corners where young and old can perform together. These are small ideas that add a soft touch to our daily lives. And let us not forget digital inclusion. As our services transition online, we must ensure our seniors are not locked out. I have seen elderly persons struggle to book polyclinic appointments or get flustered accessing Government services on their phones. The answer is not to tell them to catch up, but it is to walk with them, one gentle step at a time. I would like to commend the efforts of the SG Digital Office to provide community digital clinics. I hope these can be further expanded to include peer learning, where digitally savvy seniors guide their fellow neighbours or pairing youths with seniors as an intergenerational activity. At the heart of this is a simple principle: ageing well is not just about living longer; it is about living with purpose and joy. Mr Speaker, Sir, I now turn to our young people, specifically those who are quietly struggling and often out of sight. These are the youths who do not always show up in statistics. They may skip class, drift into the wrong company, or simply stop believing they have a future. I was one of them myself. I did not have much family support. I did not know who to look for or where to look for help. I mixed with the wrong company and got into all kinds of trouble during my secondary school days. Essentially, I became one of those kids that parents tell their children to stay away from. Thankfully, my secondary school teachers had an abundance of patience, guidance and belief that every student can grow and succeed. Thanks to them, I managed to turn my way around. My new friend Narish went through a similar journey. He is the first youth to receive support from IMPARTSG in 2017 after facing significant challenges through his childhood and teenage years.[+5 sentences] Some of us here may be familiar with IMPARTSG. It is a charitable organisation whose core mission is to give youths facing adversity a fighting chance. IMPARTSG supported Narish through his "N" level as a private candidate and his subsequent traineeship at ITE. Thereafter, Narish returned to intern at the organisation, driven by his passion to empower others facing similar challenges. In 2023, IMPARTSG sponsored Narish for a Work-Study Diploma programme in Community Engagement and Development. Today, he balances his studies while leading a sepak takraw initiative called GIC-APEX, which connects over 99 youths across communities like Ghim Moh, Ang Mo Kio, Woodlands and Jurong East. One individual who has been touched by Narish's work, let us call him Albert. He is 16 years old and a survivor of an e-bike battery explosion in 2018.[+6 sentences] Due to the trauma, Albert suffered from severe anxiety, school refusal and social isolation. Narish approached him with empathy and created a safe space and developed a plan to integrate Albert's love for sepak takraw with his social reintegration. Today, Albert flourishes as a regular community volunteer working with seniors on Age Well programmes. Narish's story reminds us of the collective potential we unlock when we invest in our youths and empower them to uplift others. This is real transformative power when we come together for common good. There are many others like the old "me" and Narish in our community. That is why such programmes in the community matter so much.[+2 sentences] These are not short-term projects. They are long-term lifelines. We must support such programmes, not just with grants and pilots, but with sustained, long-term funding. It means building stronger bridges between schools and community groups. It means trusting our youth sector to innovate and backing them when they do.[+1 sentence] I also believe we need to continue broadening the definition of success for our youths. Let us strengthen our vocational tracks, not as second choices, but as first-rate options. Let us expand mentorship programmes in the trades, in entrepreneurship and in the arts.[+25 sentences] And we can all play a part too. It could be a hawker stall uncle who gives a teen a weekend job; a teacher who checks in after class; a grassroots leader who listens without judgement; when we wrap a net of care around our youth, they fall less and climb more. A young person who feels seen, who feels believed in, will rise to the challenge. We just have to give them the room to do so. Mr Speaker, Sir, now a few words in Chinese. (In Mandarin): Mr Speaker, I hope Singapore can do more for our elderly, enabling them to participate in building our community cohesion. We do not necessarily need large-scale policies, but rather through some creative community programmes, such as making good use of public spaces, allowing them to enter schools and community kitchens and so forth, to build relationships with the younger generation, and live fulfilling and active lives. I also hope we can continue our efforts to walk alongside our elderly step by step on the digitalisation journey. Our young people, especially marginalised youth, also need more help. I hope that programmes designed for young people can be developed with more long-term stable resources, allowing them to help each other and realise their potential together. Young people should also continue to have more pathways to success, letting them know that "heaven has endowed everyone with talents for eventual use". As long as we believe in their abilities, they, too, will learn to believe in themselves. I believe that as long as we take good care of our older generation and our young people, we can link the past with the future, and together, make Singapore not just only a more prosperous, but also more heartwarming place. : In conclusion, Mr Speaker, Sir, the President reminded us that Singapore must uphold trust, deepen unity and ensure that progress is inclusive. I fully agree. I believe unity happens when people feel they belong. Our seniors want to know that they are not being left behind in a fast-changing world. Our struggling youths want to believe they still have a chance. If we take care of both, we secure our past and protect our future. I hope to see a Singapore where generations do not live apart but grow together, where community is not just a slogan, but something we feel every time we step into a lift, or a hawker centre, or a park. I am new to this House and I promise from the onset that I will do the work, I will listen to those whose voices tremble, I will speak up when silence becomes too loud. And I will always remember why I am here, not for myself, but for those who gave me this seat. Singapore is often praised for its efficiency. But I hope we will also be known for our empathy. That, to me, is real progress, not just being the best, but being good. Mr Speaker, Sir, I support the Motion of Thanks and I thank the House and all Singaporeans for giving me this chance to serve.
Mr Speaker4 words
[+1 sentence]Ms Lee Hui Ying.
Ms Lee Hui Ying (Nee Soon)2248 words
[+3 sentences]Mr Speaker, Sir, I rise in support of the Motion of Thanks to the President. Thank you for staying with us and with Members of this House for this important Motion. As we reflect on the President's address, one message rings clear. It is time that we restructure the meaning of success for Singaporeans. It is not merely by economic metrics, but by how we uplift everyone around us with dignity, care and purpose at every stage of life.[+32 sentences] The 14th Parliament started in the middle of a COVID-19 crisis. The 15th Parliament began a new chapter with a sea of economic turbulence. President Tharman spoke directly to our lived realities as we ride this tide of change: youths seeking meaningful jobs, families navigating rising costs and caregiving pressures, seniors hoping for joyful and fulfilling lives. The President and Prime Minister also spoke on how we must always put "we" before "me", because the strength of Singapore lies in how we care, uplift and stand together. I believe that this starts with everyday care across all life stages, from zero to 100, is the next step in our journey to a "we first" society. We must become a society where our progress is measured, not by prosperity, but by how we care for one another, a Singapore where persons at any milestone are cared for as they grow up or grow old. Let me share some thoughts on how we can build this "we first" society spotlighting groups that are close to my heart – our seniors, our youths, our senior youths, and our animal loving community. First, everyday care in a "we first" society starts with caring for our seniors. As a community volunteer for more than 15 years, I have had the opportunity and privilege to journey with and witness first-hand the strength and contributions of our seniors. It is now our turn, my turn, to take care for them in their silver years. As we adapt to an ageing population, our seniors must be able to live with dignity, security, and purpose. Accessibility is a priority for me in Nee Soon South. We can do more to make our public spaces, transport, and housing more senior-friendly. We must also invest more in upstream preventative healthcare, encouraging independent living, healthy lifestyles, early intervention and a closely-knit community. In Nee Soon South, there is always an activity for our seniors, every day. At my house visits, I am inspired to see our seniors doing their part to age well. One of them is 85-years-young Mdm Tay, who has been selling fishball noodles at Peiying Primary School for 62 years and counting. Or a Mr Sim who runs five kilometres at 78 years old every single day. As a government, we must not only support active seniors such as Mdm Tay and Mr Sim but also reach out to other seniors and empower them to age well too. Second, everyday care in a "we first" society starts with caring for our young in schools. We have an amazing academic record. But, for many students, their formative years consist of a high-pressure race through the schooling system, with the end goal of getting good grades, entering a good university and finding a good job. Learning feels like an obstacle they have to overcome to achieve a narrow definition of success focused on academic grades. As we prepare our young for a world with technology like AI, they need to be equipped with more than grades to survive. Success in school should also be defined by developing their ability to learn and grow. This cannot be learnt by memorising facts from a textbook. Instead, it must be cultivated through students' active and willing participation. So, they must enjoy the learning process. They must learn to embrace the discomfort that comes with navigating uncertain situations outside structured classrooms. An education system in which students enjoy learning does not mean lower standards or less rigorous curriculums. By evaluating students based on processes over outcomes, it encourages students to take on greater challenges. So, make learning more joyful, less stressful. This approach should also extend to extra-curricular programmes, where students are encouraged to develop their interests in sports and arts for self-enrichment, not only for winning competitions. I am glad MOE is planning to address the issue of "green-harvesting" or the disproportionate selection of competition-ready students under their review of the DSA scheme this year.[+1 sentence] A caring society for our schooling youths also means taking action to help them overcome challenges of mental health and bullying. A 2024 study by the Institute of Mental Health stated that about one in three 15- to 35-year-olds reported severe or extremely severe symptoms of stress, anxiety and/or depression, with causes linked to excessive social media use, cyberbullying and body image concerns. Bullying, both physical and cyber, is increasingly prevalent, with a National Institute of Education study discovering that one in four upper primary students had been bullied in 2024 and a small number stating that they had also been bullies.[+3 sentences] These youths are not only struggling. They are struggling silently, as a sizeable group does not seek any professional help. I hope to support more safe spaces for youths to express their struggles to trusted adults and peers. One practical way to do so is to encourage training of Mental Health First Aid responders, in schools and neighbourhoods, who are trained to identify mental health symptoms and offer support in de-escalating mental health crises.[+14 sentences] By teaching our children to support those around them, we create a culture where mental health struggles are not perceived as a diminishing of one's capabilities and value, but a challenge that can be overcome with community support to allow every person to realise their full potential. To all our boys and girls sitting for PSLE, do your best and know that your best is good enough. We are all rooting for you. Jiayou! Third, everyday care in a "we first" society also means caring for those who might be at the peak of their health but face less obvious challenges. I am speaking about a group. I call them senior youths, not young seniors, but senior youths – Singaporeans in their mid-20s to mid-30s. These are young Singaporeans who are burdened with adulting responsibilities. They have just entered the workforce, just got married, just started their parenthood journey. They are finding their footing in today's uncertain world with a rapidly changing economic order but also bearing the responsibility of being caregivers to their children and/or senior parents. In interacting with our senior youths, and being one myself, I understand how their high aspirations are met with real anxieties. Senior youths aspire to have fulfilling careers and give their families a good life and have anxiety over job security as they hear the increasing challenges for graduates to secure a job in the face of economic headwinds. Senior youths aspire to be good parents and filial children, but face the anxiety of balancing caregiving responsibilities with work responsibility. I thank Mr President for laying out a clear agenda to support the employment of our graduates. Measures such as the GRaduate Industry Traineeships (GRIT) Programme show our commitment and innovation to find solutions that work for employers and jobseekers. I hope the GRIT could also expand to young early-career workers – our senior youths – who may have unfortunately lost their jobs recently and are now looking to switch career paths. Besides training, a "we first" society also needs more childcare leave and caring workplaces to support our senior youths' roles as caregivers.[+12 sentences] On workplaces, these need not come at the expense of productivity. Our tripartite framework tells us that it is never a zero-sum game between our workers and our companies. They require a Government that is willing to broker conversations and provide leadership, a union that is sensitive to the needs of workers, and companies that are willing to experiment and provide feedback. Sometimes, the process of arriving at these solutions might seem slow, but I believe that in building a truly compassionate society, it is necessary that we pause to hear one another out, and each of us in this House can play our part in ensuring that Singaporeans we care about are heard and their concerns addressed. Fourth, everyday care in a "we first" society starts with caring for our animals too. Nee Soon has an animal-loving community. I have had the privilege to see the quiet but powerful ways animals and animal lovers bring our community together. From a Nee Soon Pets Fiesta attended by 3,000 animal lovers just over the weekend to the quiet dedication of a network of community feeders who brave rain or shine to care for our community animals, these reflect something larger: a kinder, more caring home. Coincidentally, just as Minister of State Alvin Tan who met the Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (SPCA) team in July, I also had the chance to visit their Sungei Tengah premises where I met Halia, a gentle community dog and she was ready for adoption at that time. Just about two weeks ago, SPCA's Executive Director, Mr Walter Leong, shared with me that Halia had been adopted and found her forever home. Animal welfare is not just about animals. It is about the kind of society we want to build, one that values life. SPCA and Animal Concerns Research and Education Society (ACRES) recently released the White Paper on Strengthening Protections for Animal Welfare with 15 recommendations, 145 pages, and also special contributions from a special friend, Mr Louis Ng.[+1 sentence] I thank Minister Chee for the written reply that some of these recommendations could be adopted as part of the ongoing review on The Animals and Birds Act 1965. The review ensures the Act remains effective in deterring acts of animal cruelty and abuse. I believe we now have a strong starting point to discuss and debate key animal welfare reforms, be it through more animal welfare education, better enforcement against cruelty and neglect, and raising awareness of the Five Domains of Animal Welfare.[+16 sentences] Sir, in Mandarin, please. (In Mandarin): Mr Speaker, in President Tharman's Address on the Government's policies, he emphasised that our country needs to build a diverse "we first" society. I believe that to achieve this goal, we must work hard to take care of Singaporeans' needs at every stage of life. Firstly, of course, are our elderly. In Nee Soon South, my goal is to ensure that seniors remember every day to "move their hands and speak up, move their feet and exercise their minds." We want to encourage the elderly to be more independent and healthier, able to remain active in the community, moving their hands to participate in activities and interacting to make more friends. We must also make the community more senior-friendly, allowing the elderly to move their feet to go around with friends and exercise their minds to stay mentally sharp, even initiating activities to engage more elderly friends. Another group I particularly care about is our "Senior Youths", Singaporeans in their 20s and 30s, of which I am also a part. Singaporeans of this age suddenly discover one day that we too have become so-called adults, facing real-world challenges. Some may have just entered the society, others may have just started families, trying to find their footing in this uncertain world. We hope to fulfil our responsibilities as children to our parents, or as new parents ourselves, whilst also hoping to advance in our careers and achieve our ideals and aspirations. Many Senior Youths have told me that the roles of caregiver and working professional often present a difficult choice, but I do not think this is inevitable. I hope that the Government can provide more support – whether it is more childcare leave or more employers providing better work arrangements – we can do our best to help Singaporeans of this age group balance family and career. Singapore is moving towards a “we first” society. In Nee Soon, we put "Residents First". I am very grateful to Nee Soon residents for giving our Nee Soon GRC team this opportunity to be your representatives. We will also continue to work with you to build a home with a heart in Nee Soon. I will do my utmost to continue caring for residents' various needs and to speak up in Parliament. : In conclusion, as a nation, as a "we first" society.[+1 sentence] As a Nee Soon family, it is always residents first. Once again, we are grateful to all Nee Soon residents for the opportunity to serve you and to work with you to make Nee Soon a home with a heart. We can chart our own path, not just be an efficient and productive city, but also to be a "we first" city state with everyday care at every stage of life – a city that not only recognises the challenges that every generation faces, but also a city where its citizens are willing to work together, not being divided by lines of age, gender, religion, ethnicity, education or socioeconomic status, but joined by our common purpose of seeing one another thrive.[+1 sentence] We are going up, up and up. This is our moment – our moment for a caring "we first" society to shine.[+1 sentence] Mr Speaker, it is in pursuit of this moment and our vision for Singapore that I support the Motion.
[+2 sentences]. (proc text)] [(proc text) 'We, the Parliament of the Republic of Singapore, express our thanks to the President for the Speech which he delivered on behalf of the Government at the Opening of the First Session of this Parliament.'." – (proc text)]
Mr Speaker4 words
[+1 sentence]Ms Poh Li San.
Ms Poh Li San (Sembawang West)2050 words
[+17 sentences]Mr Speaker, today is possibly the best of times for young Singaporeans. They have more computing power in their handphones than many of us have had in our personal computers. Growing up, they are well-educated, well-travelled, healthy and likely to live till their mid to late 80s. Meantime, the country is stable and prosperous. Our reserves and income generated from our investments mean that the majority of Singaporeans do not pay income tax. Income inequality has fallen. We are investing heavily in infrastructure, including in homes and hospitals. At the same time, the world is being remade, today is possibly the most uncertain and fragile of times. Unforeseen, perhaps in nature and direction of change but certainly in speed and in belligerence. Today can also seem like the worst of times, with rising costs, lower job security and continuing uncertainty. We are not going back to the golden age of globalisation but Singapore and young Singaporeans can continue to flourish and prosper if we take the right steps now – and we have to do it now. Today, I would like to speak up for my young residents as well as young jobseekers nationwide. They are coming of age in a weak market. They face great difficulties in securing jobs. Like all of us, they suffer from the economic uncertainties following the American tariff announcements. If the economy goes into recession for a protracted period, it could result in a generation stuck in a cycle of unemployment, career frustration and lost opportunities, or we can turn this crisis into an opportunity for young people by creating new roles in the economy. Mr Speaker, Singapore is not alone in experiencing economic shocks. In the United States (US), the unemployment rate for recent university graduates reached what 5.8% in March 2025, up from 4.6% the same time a year ago according to an April report from the Federal Reserve Bank of New York.[+1 sentence] Job postings are down 15% or the number of applications has risen by 30%. In the United Kingdom (UK), graduate job postings are down 33% year on year, the lowest in seven years. Closer to home in South Korea, graduates now take an average of 14 months to secure their first job, the longest on record, about 30% remain unemployed a year after graduation.[+1 sentence] In Singapore, the Ministry of Manpower (MOM) released unemployment data. Most recently, on 27 June 2025, the resident unemployment rate increased from 1.9% at the end of 2024 to 2.0% at the end of first quarter 2025, according to the 2024 graduate employment survey, full-time employment rate fell to 79.5% from 84.1% in 2023. Entry level job postings on one listing platform declined by 19% between January and April 2025, compared to the same period in 2024 and this marks the third consecutive year of decline.[+27 sentences] We are in the calm before the storm ahead during my house visits and walkabouts. I spoke with many young undergraduates facing difficulties getting internships. University and polytechnic graduates had sent up more than 100 resumes but still they cannot secure a job offer. I hear their struggles and concerns especially those from less well-off families who need to contribute to family expenses and pay off their study loans. Also, from my discussions with human resources (HR) professionals and from recruitment firms feedback many companies are freezing headcounts. Employers, including government agencies, are offering only one- to two-year contract roles, not permanent roles. That is the nature of the market now. What more can we do to help the jobseekers? I want to talk about a very specific plug-in that will allow young Singaporeans to meet an immediate and tangible need. At the recent Institute of Policy Studies and Singapore Business Federation (IPS-SBF) conference, Prime Minister Wong said that "Singapore will have to put more thought into helping businesses, especially smaller ones, harness the use of artificial intelligence in their work processes." Artificial intelligence (AI) is now a general-purpose tool, powerful and highly accessible. However, the bottleneck is not in the availability of AI as a resource but in corporate attention. The problem is that many small and medium enterprises (SMEs) wish to transform their businesses but they are not familiar with AI tools available and they do not have the funds to hire consultants. My proposal is for the Government to provide funding, train up young people with AI tools that will help businesses reduce costs, automate work processes and increase their marketing efforts to drive sales. Today, there are already AI tools that can help businesses achieve these objectives. What our SMEs need are young people who are digital natives and adept in this AI tools to reduce repetitive manual work and boost efficiencies in their businesses and operations. This AI change agents could undertake a project-based assignment to help companies. They can introduce AI tools into their systems and work processes. They could customise the AI tools according to the nature of the business and the goals set by the management team. Upon the completion of the assignment and armed with the implementation experience, they can then move on to another company to help the next company with similar AI driven transition and transformation. Alternatively, if the companies find the young change agents valuable to their businesses, they may go on to hire them and perhaps as their in-house AI officers together. The AI change agents and SMEs can create a win-win collaboration and drive an AI powered business transformation in our SMEs. Mr Speaker, I would like to say a few words in Malay. : During my house visits and walkabouts to meet residents, I spoke with many young undergraduates facing difficulties getting internships. In fact, there are university and polytechnic graduates who sent more than 100 resumes but were still unable to secure any job offer. I hear their struggles and concerns, especially those from less well-off families, who need to contribute to family expenses and pay off their study loans. However, this crisis can be seen as an opportunity. Young people trained in using artificial intelligence (AI) tools can help to digitise and automate many company processes. They can help small and medium enterprises (SMEs) improve their business costs, enhance their marketing and increase their revenue. Therefore, may I propose for the Government to fund the AI Traineeship Programme.[+4 sentences] By funding the AI courses and supporting the hiring of young people as AI Change Agents by the SMEs, the Government can catalyse SMEs business transformation and strengthen our country's economic competitiveness. : It has been almost six months since the "Liberation Day" tariff announcement. We need partners to do this quickly and effectively and so I offer a simple sketch of this scheme which I call which I call "AI traineeship". I should clarify that the AI traineeship is different from the GRaduate Industry Traineeship that was announced by Prime Minister Lawrence Wong at the National Day Rally. It is also different from Infocomm Media Development Authority’s (IMDA’s) company-led training, which has included generative AI (gen AI) technical skills and competencies for AI users and practitioners. First, we start with a small group of 1,000 jobseekers.[+5 sentences] The National Trades Union Congress' (NTUC's) Employment and Employability Institute (e2i) can work with AI training companies and run training courses for this 1,000 batches. It will typically take two to four weeks to master this AI tools. Thereafter, e2i will match this trained AI change agents to SMEs who are keen to automate their business processes. The Government will then fund e2i to run these courses. There are more than 200,000 SMEs in Singapore so we should start with the medium enterprises in the manufacturing industry which may be most impacted by the American tariff hikes. Enterprise Singapore could work with SMEs and business groups to seek companies keen to join this programme. I propose that Enterprise Singapore subsidise 70% to 80% of the salaries of the AI change agents for up to six months and if the companies decide to convert them to become permanent staff, then Enterprise Singapore could fund 50% to 60% of their salaries for up to a year.[+5 sentences] In Sembawang West, I have started a pilot programme working with e2i and AI training companies with the relevant business AI tools. We plan to start the first run in the next few weeks for young jobseekers, keen to equip themselves with new AI skills. Meantime, we are also in early discussion with Singapore Manufacturing Federation and food manufacturing companies in the Woodlands Industrial area, situated next to my constituency. We hope to shortlist these companies and others who are keen to hire these AI change agents as our ground-up initiative. After one or two successful pilots, we can consider scaling this up at the national level. The Enterprise Singapore could work with more business groups, like the SBF, Singapore Chamber of Commerce and Industry and Singapore Indian Chamber of Commerce and Industry to extend this programme to more medium enterprises in other industries and maybe even the small enterprises. I ask the Minister for Trade and Industry and the Minister for Manpower to consider this proposal and allocate funding to e2i and Enterprise Singapore for this AI Traineeship scheme.[+6 sentences] Mr Speaker, I would like to say a few words in Mandarin. (In Mandarin): The world is being disrupted severely by geopolitical tensions, US tariffs and the advent of Artificial Intelligence (AI). Many businesses are holding back hiring because of uncertainties. Hence, young graduates are unable to find jobs in this soft market. I propose for the Government to turn this crisis into opportunity. Young people trained in using AI tools to digitise and automate many administrative processes, can help SMEs improve their business costs, expand marketing and increase their revenue. The Government can catalyse the business transformation by funding the AI courses and hiring of these young AI Change Agents by the SMEs.[+16 sentences] I hope the Government will consider carefully my proposal for this win-win collaboration, that will strengthen our SMEs and equip our young people with practical AI skill sets. : We need to move quickly on this scheme so that young people do not lose more time looking for jobs. Otherwise, it will become even harder when later cohorts join the workforce. The last recession was in 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Our Government responded swiftly and decisively, using our Reserves to cushion impact on jobs and livelihood with the Job Support Scheme and the Self-Employed Person Income Relief Schemes. It is a different world now with the advent of AI and we should make the best use of these opportunities. Mr Speaker, I must stress that these AI change agents are not an additional headcount for small companies. They do the traditional core functions of marketing, administration and corporate planning. But now, they are supercharged with the power of AI. So, this training scheme is not a way to disguise unemployment or to provide a temporary band aid. It is to perform a vital function – to jumpstart a structural transformation of our economy. I would like to share some wise words by Senior Minister Lee Hsien Loong. In a recent forum with National University of Singapore students, Senior Minister Lee warned young people of the challenges coming their way. Even as they could take advantage of AI and better education, they had to be, "prepared psychologically for things which human beings do to one another, like great rivalry in power and things which human beings do to the world, such as global warming. You did not live through the founding crisis of Singapore. But your challenges will come." Mr Speaker, our challenge has come. As the Senior Minister said, "In 60 years, we have become progressively one people – not complete, not permanent – but much more than before. And therefore, able to do more things and deal with more crises than we would have been able to do 30 or 40 years ago." This is indeed an uncertain, tumultuous time.[+1 sentence] But in some ways, the best of times. Our young people are hungry, our companies are ready and if we can design the policy well, the time is now.[+1 sentence] Mr Speaker, Sir, I support the Motion.
Mr Speaker3 words
[+1 sentence]Mr Patrick Tay.
Mr Patrick Tay Teck Guan (Pioneer)2353 words
[+9 sentences]Mr Speaker, Sir, I rise in support of the Motion of Thanks to the President for his address at the Opening of the 15th Parliament. This is a year of uncertainty for workers. Over the past few days, my Labour Movement Parliamentary colleagues have shared how global trade tensions and disruptive technologies are transforming the workforce, workplaces and the future of work. At NTUC, we have heard the anxieties of young graduates as AI accelerates the shrinking of entry-level jobs. We have supported the upskilling and career transition aspirations of the mid-career workers and we have championed the platform worker's rights to work injury compensation and even Central Provident Fund (CPF) contributions. As the economy evolves, we must continue to stand in solidarity with our workers and equip them with the skills and protections they need to succeed. Because when workers succeed, Singapore succeeds. To this end, I will focus my speech on three priorities for the next bound of workforce development, or what I call the three "Ses" – supporting Singaporeans, strengthening the Singaporean Core and a skills-first Singapore. The first "S" in my speech is supporting Singaporeans. According to the World Economic Forum's 2025 Future of Jobs Report, globally, 92 million of all current jobs will be displaced in the next five years. At the same time, 170 million new jobs will be created, resulting in a net growth of 78 million jobs.[+2 sentences] This is attributed to drivers, such as the race towards renewable energy and AI, which have already been cited by major companies for mass retrenchment exercises both globally and in Singapore. Gen AI especially has the potential to displace entry-level knowledge work by automating mundane or repetitive tasks, which will significantly impact Singapore's knowledge-based workforce, unlike earlier waves of automation that primarily displaced manual work. The same report found that, on average, workers can expect that two-fifths of their existing skillsets be transformed or become outdated by 2030.[+12 sentences] The hard truth is that previously secure jobs and valued skills will become obsolete. Workers cannot remain stagnant and expect to still compete. AI should break and not build barriers. In every challenge lies opportunity for those who choose to meet it. Renewable energy and the generative cognitive AI are generation-defining technologies that can not only create new jobs but make them better and better-paying. By supporting workers' learning and upskilling ambitions, businesses and the economy also benefit from more growth and a more skilled workforce. To ensure no worker is left behind in the adoption of new technologies, we must commit to a Just Transition that prioritises the re-skilling and re-deployment of workers. If you recall the old adage: it is learn, work and retire. But today, it is no longer that. It is learn, work; learn, work; learn, work; and maybe retire. The Labour Movement has persistently advocated for training allowance and subsidies for a second degree or diploma for mid-career and older workers who may be more vulnerable to skills obsolescence, financial support for the involuntarily unemployed to help them bounce back from employment setbacks and, most recently, Government-funded traineeship and apprenticeship opportunities for young graduates to strengthen their employability. I am heartened that the Government has answered our calls with the launch of the SkillsFuture Level-Up Programme, Jobseeker Support Scheme and the GRaduate Industry Traineeships (GRIT) Programme. In NTUC's 2025 Survey on Economic Sentiments, one-third of over 2,000 workers expressed concerns about losing their jobs or not having their contracts renewed in the next three months.[+2 sentences] On the ground, I have also heard the anxieties and frustrations of young graduates and involuntarily unemployed jobseekers who have not been able to find jobs after sending out hundreds of applications despite having good diplomas and degrees. I, therefore, continue to call on the Government to consider three policy moves. First, extending the Jobseeker Support Scheme eligibility to involuntarily unemployed professionals, managers and executives (PMEs), especially those earning above the current $5,000 salary threshold imposed by the Scheme, so that the majority of the more than 43% of resident PMEs can benefit.[+16 sentences] Second, taking stronger action alongside unions against errant employers who do not practice fair and responsible retrenchment practices, as we have seen in the recent spate of retrenchments. Third, incentivising companies that hire first-time workers for full-time positions, similar to the Jobs Growth Incentive launched during the COVID-19 pandemic. Considering the scale and speed of AI's impact on the workforce, I also ask that the Government consider forming a Tripartite Workgroup on Safeguarding Workers in the Age of AI to encourage companies to adopt Just Transition practices, prevent algorithmic discrimination and ensure responsible use of AI-powered human resources (HR) tools. I thank the Government, also, for hearing my call for a review of the Employment Act through a Tripartite Workgroup, recently formed, and to keep pace with rising median wages and evolving nature of work. I opine that the Employment Act should cover more PMEs by raising both the salary caps of workmen and non-workmen, as well as providing more clarity on transfers that impact workers affected by ongoing company restructuring, mergers and acquisitions, and require employers to give explicit reasons for termination or discontinuation of employment initiated by the employer upon the request of the employee. During this time of uncertainty, I encourage our workers to adopt a mindset of resilience and adaptability, to find strength in numbers and collective action. This is not the first time new technologies have disrupted the workforce, nor will it be the last. As with each economic wave and transition, NTUC and our unions stand ready to support our workers. The second "S" is strengthening the Singaporean Core. Since my maiden speech in this House in 2011, I have persistently advocated for strengthening the Singaporean Core, especially for our local PMEs, who face increasing competition with foreign PMEs. Over the past decade, I have advocated for a compendium of measures to level the playing field for our local PMEs, including the Workplace Fairness Act, which protects workers against the most common types of workplace discrimination, including age and nationality; a foreign PME dependency ratio; stricter Employment Pass (EP) application conditions and continuous enhancements to the Fair Consideration Framework and many others. These protections are important and we should regularly review it. A strong Singaporean Core must therefore be a Singaporean-led core. This means building up our local bench strength through investments in local talent pipelines to set Singaporeans up for senior and leadership positions before turning abroad and facilitating knowledge and skills transfer. We cannot assume that if we grow the pie, Singaporeans will naturally get their share. There must be a concerted effort to encourage companies, especially our multinationals, to groom our local PMEs as part of their leadership identification and developmental process, improve HR standards and practices to ensure compliance with fair employment practices and Tripartite Guidelines, and encourage workers to step-up and step forward for opportunities to relocate for greater international exposure. After years of lobbying, I am glad more resources will be set aside for schemes that groom Singaporean workers by sending them for overseas work postings, such as the Overseas Market Immersion Programme.[+1 sentence] I hope the Government will consider extending these opportunities to more Singaporean workers and adopting new levers to improve reciprocity between multinational corporations (MNCs) and our local PMEs. For example, the proportion of Singaporeans in management positions could be a bonus criterion incorporated into the Complementarity Assessment Framework (COMPASS) for EP applications.[+3 sentences] Companies that have a highly disproportionate number of foreign PMEs and weak commitment to nurturing local talent pipelines can also be closely monitored. If no improvement is made within a certain time period, the Government can consider even removing preferential tax and other benefits, such as the award of public sector contracts. Even the US is also mulling over imposing a $100,000 fee on new H-1B visa applications. HR professionals play a key role in fostering fair and progressive workplaces that attract, develop and retain top talent. I, therefore, submit that the Institute for Human Resource Professionals (IHRP) certification, which equips HR practitioners with essential competencies in workforce planning and regulatory compliance, be made mandatory for all companies.[+1 sentence] This is especially critical for MNCs employing foreign HR practitioners who operate within Singapore and help them better understand our tripartite industrial relations framework. To date, over 9,000 HR practitioners have attained the IHRP certification.[+13 sentences] More widespread certification adoption will be better and will position our HR practitioners to deepen their capabilities and signal a commitment to professional excellence. To be clear, a Singaporean Core does not mean closing doors to foreign PMEs who can help fill critical skill gaps and support sectors facing labour shortage. It is about building a more competitive economy that is less reliant on external labour and nurturing the next generation of Singaporean leaders. It is about ensuring that Singaporean workers who work hard and can contribute can afford a good life in Singapore, for themselves and their families, in the only home they have. Third and final "S" is a skills-first Singapore. Today, disruptive technologies, like Gen AI and new work trends, including the rise of gig work, freelancing, remote work and side hustles have transformed how we traditionally define and plan a career. Instead of a linear progression within a single organisation, more are embracing flexible journeys defined by adaptability, continuous learning and the ability to move across job functions and industries. Job instability and career transitions are increasingly commonplace, but so are building portfolio careers, pursuing passion-driven pathways and going back to school for reskilling. This means more voluntary underemployment, but also more involuntary underemployment, an issue NTUC has been studying very, very closely and examining the past decade. A two-year research study in collaboration with the Singapore University of Technology and Design on underemployment, especially involuntary skills-jobs mismatch, where workers are unhappily overskilled for their current jobs, will be completing soon, and we will share more in due course. Against this evolving landscape, diplomas and degrees can no longer act as a proxy for competency. According to a Programme for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies study released in 2024, higher levels of education do not always equate to better skills and knowledge. Earlier data from LinkedIn in 2021 also revealed that employers in Singapore preferred to hire candidates with technical skills and transferable skills over traditional qualifications, such as education and minimum years of experience. At this 10-year mark since the launch of SkillsFuture, I, therefore, submit that it is timely to review Singapore's continuing education and training (CET) framework and system for the next bound of workforce development using a skills-first approach. Skills-first refers to a paradigm shift that prioritises skills and competencies over degrees and diplomas.[+6 sentences] In real-world terms, this means that a student majoring in history, for example, but who has demonstrated coding skills through relevant work experience or winning hackathons should feel confident in applying for an entry-level programmer position. It also means that two workers who are equally skilled, equally knowledgeable and demonstrate good work performance should receive equal opportunities to advance in their career, regardless of whether one worker holds a diploma and the other has a degree. A skills-first economy, therefore, holds powerful potential for the inclusion of non-traditional learners who acquired skills through experience and expanding individuals' career pathways beyond the scope of their formal qualifications. It supports caregivers, older workers, persons with disabilities, young graduates and freelancers or self-employed persons in asserting the value of their labour, thereby also allowing employers to tap on a wider talent pool. For this idea to take flight, however, requires the buy-in of all stakeholders across the workforce development ecosystem. The Government will need to create robust and integrated frameworks for credible skills accreditation and transferability across institutions and industries. Career Conversion Programmes should be expanded to cover more sectors and industries to become more relevant to PMEs. The Public Service will also need to lead by example in implementing skills-based hiring and progression.[+6 sentences] Employers will need to adopt progressive practices, such as listing the necessary skills required in job descriptions, on top of formal qualifications and taking skill certifications, testimonials, performance appraisals, awards and leadership experiences outside of work into consideration for progression. Where relevant and when it does not affect employers' economic interests, employers should not punish the industrious and passionate pursuit of "hobby jobs" and "side hustles" as moonlighting. Schools and Institutes of Higher Learning will need to adapt their curricula to raise students' curiosity, confidence and creativity in exploring diverse ways of learning and working. The arts must be as well-funded as the sciences, we need to go beyond STEM to STEAM. Students must spend as much time in industry and community as they do in classrooms and lecture halls. And most importantly, workers will need to be open to learning new skills and exploring new interests, fail and try again. In 2024, over 60% of Singaporean resident workers had tertiary qualifications and over 40% had degrees. Yet in the same year, Singapore's training participation rate fell to a nine-year low of about 40%.[+10 sentences] Unlike other countries, where unions often must lobby for uneven training and upskilling opportunities, Singapore continuously doles out funding. We undoubtedly have a highly educated workforce, but does that education end when we leave school? Does a highly educated workforce equate to a highly-skilled and knowledgeable workforce? The shift towards a skills-led economy, therefore, surfaces starting points for us to boldly reimagine how we learn and work, and also why we learn and work, which lays the groundwork for more flexible and fulfilling careers. To conclude, work is a source of and the pursuit of hope, purpose and dignity. It is what built this nation. It is the measure of our days, our connections to community. By prioritising the three "S" of supporting Singaporeans, strengthening a Singaporean Core, and a skills-first Singapore, we honour workers and commit to helping them earn a better living and live a better life. For all to train up to keep up and skill-up to move up. Mr Speaker, Sir, I support the Motion.
Mr Speaker3 words
[+1 sentence]Ms Sylvia Lim.
Ms Sylvia Lim (Aljunied)1309 words
[+23 sentences]Mr Speaker, it has been four months since the last General Election (GE). As we commence this new term of Parliament, I note that there are 31 Members who are entering Parliament for the first time. I am privileged to be here for my fifth term. There are quite a few others who have been here longer, including Senior Minister Lee Hsien Loong in his 10th term – more than 40 years. Nevertheless, I trust I may be permitted to give my personal welcome to the newly-minted Members of Parliament (MPs) from both sides of the House. One of the themes in the President's address is about trust. Some Ministers have, in past days, also emphasised the importance of trust in institutions. Today, I wish to say a few words about trust in one of the key institutions we have – this Chamber, Parliament. All of us here gained entry through a competitive process, that is, we contested in the recent elections to win the hearts and minds of Singaporeans. Fundamentally, party politics is a competitive process which pits one party against another. Yes, elections involve a zero-sum game: one vote for you means one less vote for me. But once the dust of elections has settled, we are entrusted to represent our constituents. How can we best do so? On a broader level, how does one measure the effectiveness of a Parliament? To answer this question, one needs to return to the purpose of Parliament in the first place. One respected index that covers this issue is the World Justice Project. The World Justice Project compiles an index that the Singapore Government frequently cites for its high rankings of Singapore in the area of Order and Security. To give a bit of background, the World Justice Project declares itself as an independent, multi-disciplinary organisation that seeks to advance the rule of law worldwide. The Project reviews countries around the world to assess each country's laws, institutions, norms and community commitment to the rule of law. The outcomes it is interested in centre around four principles: accountability, just law, open government and accessible and impartial justice. It believes these principles are universal. I do not think anyone in this House will disagree that these principles apply to us as well. In assessing the state of the rule of law, the World Justice Project examines each country on various indicators. In its latest overall ranking in 2024, Singapore was ranked 16 out of 142 countries, which is, overall, respectable.[+10 sentences] When we look across the different sub-indicators for Singapore, what sticks out is that we have largely healthy scores around six out of eight indicators. The two indicators where we do not do so well are in the factors called Open Government and Constraints on Government Powers. I believe this has been our consistent scorecard from the World Justice Project for many years. Such a mixed scorecard should also come as no surprise. In measuring Open Government, the index looks into matters, such as how much information is shared by the government with the public and whether citizens have a right to information. Open Government also measures public accountability, whether there are effective complaint mechanisms and how far the people are empowered with the tools to hold the government accountable. As for the factor of Constraints on Government Powers, it is concerned with how far those who govern are bound by law. One key sub-indicator is whether government powers are effectively limited by the legislature. That is where Parliament comes in. On this issue, our score is not respectable. The Singapore Parliament is ranked 104 out of 142 National Parliaments. Among high income countries, we are second last. In contrast, our Courts appear to be doing well as a check on the government, being ranked 17th out of 142 countries.[+2 sentences] Sir, I cite these rankings not as gospel truth but as a point for introspection. We should honestly examine why there is an independent, multi-disciplinary opinion that our Parliament is not effective in limiting government powers. Of course, one likely reason is the balance in Parliament between different political parties, or should I say imbalance, with almost 90% of the seats in the hands of the ruling party.[+16 sentences] This is the result of our system design and Singaporeans' votes on Polling Day. We respect the outcome of the elections. That said, it is a fact that in the House, the Government agenda is set by the leaders of the ruling party and party discipline demands that ruling party MPs vote in support of the Government agenda. But we should be mindful that, as MPs, our overriding duty is not to our parties, but to Singaporeans. Regardless of our affiliation, we have a duty to speak for our constituents and ensure that this Chamber works for them. This means questioning the Government and holding it to account, rigorously, if necessary. On the Government's part, it should always demonstrate that it is sharing as much information as possible in the House. And in the long run, it is Singaporeans who need to decide if the balance of power in the House should be changed. On our part as opposition MPs, we are expected to take an independent line, question the Government and vote against proposals when we deem it necessary. Speaking from experience, this is not easy, especially when one is surrounded and vastly outnumbered. But that is our obligation and that is what voters expect us to do. We will play our part to build a Parliament that the people trust. We are cautiously optimistic that our Parliamentary system has potential to do better. Sir, earlier this month, I had the privilege of attending a parliamentary sitting in the United Kingdom (UK), in the House of Commons in Westminster. Many of us would have seen television footage of somewhat rowdy sessions from the UK Parliament and strong exchanges between opposite benches. But I realise, now, that such scenes do not tell the whole story. What I saw that day was a Minister from the Labour government painstakingly explaining an urgent matter that had just taken place over the weekend in London – how the British police had upheld democratic values while policing a mass protest over the situation in Gaza. What was more striking to me was the response of the Shadow Minister from the Conservative Party. He rose to ask for an assurance from his political opponent – the Minister – stating that if that particular Minister gave the assurance, he would accept it.[+6 sentences] That moment set me thinking hard. Political competitors, yet able to give each other some credit and credibility. That is my hope for our Parliament, too. Politics is competitive, but why are we in this? I would like to believe that the main motivation is a calling to serve the public in elected office, a calling that is most meaningful and noble. In this term of Parliament, I hope we can build trust in the House as well. At the very minimum, we should remember that all colleagues here are fellow Singaporeans who have made a choice to leave our comfort zones to take up national office. Let us start from a position that a fellow MP has a good motivation, though we may disagree with the position he or she is taking and should take the issue on.[+3 sentences] If we can do that, I believe Singaporeans will benefit from a focus on the issues that matter. Sir, let me conclude. Our system of Government expects Parliament to play its role to ensure good governance. All of us here are competitors but not enemies.[+2 sentences] The people have elected us to act on their behalf, to ensure Singapore endures for the long term, to work towards a Singapore built to last. On this, Sir, we have common cause.
Mr Speaker8 words
[+1 sentence]Mr Victor Lye, do you have a clarification?
Mr Victor Lye (Ang Mo Kio)127 words
[+3 sentences]I thank the hon Member for her speech and I quite agree that we both, on both sides of the aisle, have a common cause to serve Singaporeans and Singapore. And to the Member's point, I think we are not enemies, and we are friends. We have known each other for a long time. Having said that, may I seek a clarification for when the Member used the word "imbalance" in this Parliament and also separately, the Member saying it is "vastly outnumbered", may I ask if the hon Member is questioning the outcome of the GE, which is the choice of Singaporeans overall? And secondly, if the Member cites another Parliament, may I seek a clarification if our hon Member actually aspires to a different system?
Mr Speaker13 words
[+2 sentences]Ms Sylvia Lim. Ms Lim, you might want to turn on your microphone?
Ms Sylvia Lim142 words
[+5 sentences]It came on automatically just now, so I trusted the system, but maybe, I should not. Sir, on the Member's two clarifications, first of all, I made it clear in my speech that we respect the outcome of the elections. So, that was stated explicitly. Secondly, by citing the example of what I saw in the UK, it is not that I aspire to another system, but I believe our system can still do better, as I said. And as I mentioned, what was most striking to me was that momentary expression of trust in each other. In the last few days, I see some flashes of that, but I hope it can be sustained. So, it is not that I aspire to another system, but I would want to be part of the effort to make our system even more robust.
Mr Speaker3 words
[+1 sentence]Mr Victor Lye.
Mr Victor Lye50 words
Speaker, Sir, I thank the Member for her clarification. And I think we should just focus on the conclusion that the Member had in her speech – that both sides of the House work harder to maintain trust between our leadership, that includes the Member as well, and our people.
Mr Speaker6 words
[+1 sentence]Senior Minister of State Murali Pillai.
The Senior Minister of State for Law and Transport (Mr Murali Pillai)3014 words
[+41 sentences]Mr Speaker, Sir, I support the Motion of Thanks standing in the name of the hon Member Mr Sharael Taha. That Singapore is a small island is a matter of geography, but that we can travel swiftly and in comfort across all its corners is a matter of human endeavour. It is our transport system that allows us to work, study, exercise, access essential services, socialise, volunteer and live our lives to the fullest. These were amongst the topics that hon Members spoke passionately about in this House over the past five days. If we do it well, transport becomes an invisible social service, moving from point A to point B is as effortless as stepping through a door. This is our urban dream, a 45-minute city and 20-minute town. This dream, of freedom and connectivity, is not new. Although at the time of our Independence 60 years ago, there were immense challenges in ensuring Singapore’s survival, from clean water to housing, such that transport may have seem to be a poorer, lesser cousin. Yet, transport is a peculiar policy problem. Once laid down, whether planned or organic, transport lines carve out their place in the history of a place; implacable, immovable and, for better or worse, they shape the fate of cities. We see this now in the gridlocked congested lives of many cities, whose systems had not been built to accommodate growth. It is Singapore's good fortune that our early Governments built for the future. But transport is not just a decision of the past. It demands ceaseless attention to keep pace with the needs and lives of the people it serves. To neglect investments is to accept time spent in traffic jams, accidents, breakdowns, workdays lost and important occasions missed. Again, we see this in the cities of developed countries, whose transport infrastructure have suffered from decades of under-investment. These two challenges, greater complexity in needs and financial demands for infrastructure, also apply to Singapore. As our systems expand and become more complex, the number of potential points of failure increases. The needs of our people are evolving. New vulnerabilities will emerge as we digitalise, adopt new technologies and put more of our services online into the cyberspace. The emerging challenges, coupled with the unprecedented pace of change in our external environment, will mean that we need a new generation of transport professionals. Mr Speaker, Sir, today, I will speak on how we can build a strong transport system through three strategies. First, resilience. We will enhance our ageing infrastructure, make them robust and flexible so as to meet the needs of our population, which are increasing in volume and complexity. Second, technology. We will seize opportunities from new technologies, while safeguarding against cybersecurity risks. Third, people. We will continue to build a professional and adaptive transport workforce, the only real piece in the transport landscape that can ensure our systems remains fit for purpose well into the future. Mr Speaker, Sir, we sometimes forget the breakneck speed at which our transport system has travelled. Many from my generation remember growing up alongside this journey. As a young boy, I took the single-door "bone shaker" public bus to school. I would leave home from Sembawang at 5.30 am to catch the 5.45 am bus on a one-hour 30-minute journey to reach school at Newton by 7.15 am, with 15 minutes to spare before morning assembly. With limited resources then, these "bone shakers" were, in fact, refurbished lorry chassis with suspension systems so poor that they vibrated vigorously. But as a young boy, I did not mind it. I was thrilled, in fact. The same journey today, via Mass Rapid Transit (MRT), would take 30 minutes in air-conditioned comfort, just one-third the time it originally took. Today, we enjoy a transport system that is admired across the world. Changi Airport is our nation’s pride, consistently ranked amongst the world’s best airports. Our port was recently named the “Best Global Seaport”. And our land transport network serves about 10 million journeys each day. Our transport systems today are extensive and highly complex, with many interconnected elements and moving parts. Our public transport network today covers 240 kilometres of rail lines and over 350 bus services, with 160 stations and 5,000 bus stops.[+3 sentences] As I said at the start of my speech, transport infrastructure incur large sunk costs. Even with long-term planning, we can only build to the best of our knowledge and ability at any given time. We must also make the most prudent choices possible. At the beginning of our MRT development journey, we had just five stations. Within 30 years, we have 100 and then to 160 stations today.[+7 sentences] Underneath this, lies years of design, planning, battles over land and billions of dollars in investment. While 30 years is a short time in the life of a nation, it is long for an MRT line. Our rail system comprises many mechanical parts, each with specific lifespans, similar to everyday appliances, such as washing machines. With different parts of our rail system at different ages, ensuring the smooth operation of all trains in the network becomes increasingly complex and challenging. We aim to keep our rail network running smoothly, through a combination of maintenance, refurbishments or replacements where needed. We will do so by focusing on the three "Rs": resilience, reliability and recovery. First, we will enhance resilience with more alternative routes. We are building new rail lines that will enable commuters to still get to their destinations in the event of disruptions or planned maintenance works through alternative train routes. We will close the loop for the Circle Line next year and extend the Downtown and Thomson-East Coast Lines. In the longer term, we plan to expand our rail network further, such as with the West Coast Extension.[+1 sentence] Second, we will invest in improving the reliability of our rail assets. As announced at the Committee of Supply this year, we will invest an additional $1 billion over the next five years to enhance the way we monitor and maintain our rail assets, and uplift the maintenance capabilities of our rail workforce. We also set up the rail reliability task force to address immediate issues, following the recent incidents.[+34 sentences] If not for the COVID-19 pandemic which the hon Member, Ms Mariam Jaafar, reminded us in her speech yesterday ended just 30 months ago, the progress on these two "Rs", resilience and reliability, would have been even more significant. Now we are playing catch-up, but catch up we will. Having regard to the state of affairs now, however, we cannot eliminate rail disruptions entirely. But when disruptions occur, we will ensure recovery as quickly and as expeditiously as possible. We will communicate with commuters and help them find alternative routes. Sir, transport is a key essential service which we all count on to arrive at our destinations on time. Failure in service is a justified cause for frustration and disappointment. The Singaporean reputation for reliability and predictability is hard earned. Nowhere must this be more clearly seen than in our transport system. So, I accept that we need to work hard to win back the support of frustrated Singaporeans affected by some failures. Let me say squarely what I mean. We will invest to reduce disruptions, but they will not be eliminated. We will still have disruptions. I do not take any pleasure in saying this, but this is the hard truth. But knowing that disruptions will happen, we have in place systems to help affected people still arrive at their destinations, not on time, unfortunately; not without trouble, regrettably but with all practicable haste. I want to assure the House that all my colleagues on the ground, work tirelessly, truly flat out, during disruptions, including the East-West Line disruption in September last year. I saw that with my own two eyes. Alongside my colleagues were many volunteers to guide and support commuters to use the bridging buses. These are hardworking transport professionals, including our sisters and brothers of the National Transport Workers Union and fellow Singaporeans who deserve our respect and support. Yet, they have, on occasions, been cathartic vehicles, on the receiving end of abusive language, anger and derision. I ask all hon Members in this House for ideas that you may have to improve our transport infrastructure and to build up the resilience of our systems. At the same time, I am sure Members will agree that we should forbear from cheap shots and low blows when things go wrong. Never exploit problems, but by all means, let us work on the problems. Even as we tackle the challenges of today, we must prepare for the future. Our people are getting older. We are developing more areas across our island. We need to move more people who are less mobile across larger tracts of space. These are points that hon Members, Ms Valerie Lee and Mr Shawn Loh, admirably made in their respective speeches. We will engage our members of public on their desires, aspirations and concerns for the future of land transport. People remain at the heart of our transport system. To fellow Singaporeans, I say, preparing for the future is an important journey. I hope you will support and join us every step of the way. Second, technology. Across transport sector, innovative technologies can enhance efficiency and productivity of our systems. For example, the Maritime and Port Authority of Singapore (MPA) launched DocuMind and DocuMatch last year, harnessing AI to streamline ship insurance certificate renewals for Singapore-registered ships. These tools streamline the process to minutes compared to up to three days previously.[+2 sentences] New technologies are essential for our path to net-zero. Electrification remains a key strategy to decarbonise Singapore's land transport sector. As we build a network of chargers to support electric cars, we employ new technologies, such as the dynamic load management at our Housing and Development Board car parks to allow us to tap on existing unutilised electrical capacity. And this will enable us to deploy even more electric vehicle (EV) chargers, bringing us closer to our goal of 60,000 EV chargers by 2030.[+12 sentences] However, as our system increasingly digitalise and move into the cyberspace, we face unprecedented security challenges. We are familiar with the cyberattacks on critical infrastructure by UNC3886. With so much of our daily lives and economy reliant on our transportation networks, our infrastructure becomes prime targets for malicious actors. Globally, cyberattacks on transport infrastructure have occurred across land, air and sea. In July 2023, Nagoya Port, Japan's largest maritime hub, fell victim to a cyberattack that disrupted its container handling operations. In September 2024, Transport for London reported a cyberattack on their computer systems that lasted for three months. And just last week, a cyberattack at a provider of check-in and boarding systems disrupted operations at several major European airports, leading to flight delays and cancellations. So, you see 2023, 2024, 2025. There is no telling when malicious actors may target our systems in similar attacks, these cyberattacks show us that even as we leverage the transforming power of technological advancements, we must put in place appropriate safeguards to address vulnerabilities. We must work together, as One Transport Family, with our fellow Singaporeans to secure our critical transport infrastructure. We are only as strong as our weakest link. The work has already started. The Land Transport Authority (LTA), the Civil Aviation Authority of Singapore (CAAS) and MPA have established cybersecurity operations centres that provide monitoring to detect cybersecurity threats.[+25 sentences] Agencies also share critical information with key partners, from public transport operators to aviation partners and maritime companies. We are also investing in our people to cultivate their cybersecurity awareness and skills, tailored to the air, land and sea transport sectors. This will not only enable them to practise good cyber hygiene, but also uplift them to become the first line of defence to detect anomalies that could signal cyber intrusion attempts. For example, the Singapore Aviation Academy and the Singapore University of Technology and Design offer a joint course to provide aviation professionals with an understanding of the cybersecurity landscape and specific challenges facing the aviation sector, as well as the key foundations in cybersecurity concepts and controls. Finally, and most importantly, we owe our transport story to the hard work and dedication of more than 300,000 workers across our land, air and sea transport systems. They will continue to be central to our transport ecosystem as we write the next chapter of this story. Automation and autonomous innovations have great potential to transform the way we work. This not only allows our ecosystem to transcend manpower and land constraints, but also creates new good jobs for our people. We are already seeing this transformation on the ground today. Tuas Port is designed to be fully automated, intelligent and sustainable, and will offer new jobs with enhanced career prospects. At older port terminals, crane operators work at great heights atop cranes to direct movement of each container from ship to shore, and vice versa. With automation, our crane operators are upskilled from doing manual work to directing automated crane operations and troubleshooting exception cases remotely from control centres. This is the experience of Mr Muhammad Zulfikar Bin Minhat, from managing manual operations on site at Tanjong Pagar Terminal when he started his career 11 years ago, today, Mr Zulfikar remotely manages automated yard operations from PSA's control centre. In fact, when I spoke to him yesterday, he told me that he got promoted and is now in charge of 26 remote operators on his shift. He continues to upgrade his skills, enhancing his ability to troubleshoot and navigate operational challenges. He is also a proud member of the Singapore Port Workers Union, which supports him in every way possible. What a great example Mr Zulfikar is to his peers. Changi Airport and SATS are also transforming to harness AI automation and robotics to stay competitive and resilient. Existing jobs, such as airport ground handling services, will change in tandem, and new jobs will be created for a new generation of Singapore workers who are tech savvy. Exciting new mobility options in our public transport network are on the horizon as we plan and start piloting autonomous vehicle (AV) shuttles. This will better meet the growing and evolving connectivity needs of Singaporeans without running into manpower constraints. The AV industry will also create good jobs for Singaporeans in roles, such as software developers, engineers and radar designers. We will continue to collaborate closely with our industry unions and education partners to upscale our workers and ensure their access to these jobs. As rightly highlighted by the hon Member Mr Ang Wei Neng, lifelong learning is crucial for our workers as industries are transformed by AI and new technologies. That is why we are investing in support for training partners and companies to provide upskilling training opportunities. CAAS established a $200 million OneAviation Manpower Fund in July 2025 to better attract, develop and retain the OneAviation workforce.[+2 sentences] The fund will provide stronger and more targeted support to companies to transform jobs and better support workers. Together with our tripartite partners, we are equipping workers with skills that are increasingly sought after in their industries. The MPA-Singapore Maritime Foundation Joint Office for Talent and Skills is working with educational partners to develop tailored training courses for maritime workers in emerging domains. A pilot course on applied data science and analytics tailored for maritime professionals, co-developed with the National University of Singapore, was well-received and will be scaled up.[+4 sentences] The transport sector is a rewarding career spent in service of our fellow citizens. It is a dynamic sector with good jobs for Singaporeans of all ages and backgrounds. The veteran union leader, Sister Mary Liew, General Secretary of the Singapore Maritime Officers' Union, shared with me the heartening story of Miss Valerie Thai, a legal professional turned seafarer, with me recently. Valerie obtained her law degree from Australia and worked as a paralegal in Singapore but soon found the legal profession a bit too boring for her. Attracted by the wide range of opportunities in the maritime industry with fields that allow her to tap on her legal background, Valerie took the brave plunge into seafarer training under the Tripartite Maritime Training Award. This award provides a place-and-train programme that equips Singaporeans with seafaring skills and experience for careers in the maritime industry.[+10 sentences] I met her two days ago, a cadet now, she is eager to blaze the trail for women wanting to be seafarers. I wish Valerie all the best in her training. Valerie's story is one of many. With the diverse range of career opportunities, whether in traversing our skies, connecting people on land or plying our seas. I look forward to welcoming all to join our transport family. Sir, I spent quite a bit of time in my speech, emphasising on the employment opportunities and prospects in the transport sector. I do hope that fellow Singaporeans, young and old, will consider these options and join our One Transport Family. As we write the next chapter of our transport story. We will face unprecedented challenges. However, we will also discover new opportunities as our environment changes. Navigating these challenges will require concerted efforts from everyone as we enhance our physical infrastructure, digital systems and transport workforce.[+3 sentences] Senior Minister Lee Hsien Loong, in a dialogue with young people, said recently, "Being small is a very deep part of our psyche. Some things we cannot change." This is true. Being small is our geography, but it is not our destiny. Being small requires us to be imaginative, not only use each space to its fullest, but also to allow us access to anywhere we want to be in the shortest of time and in the greatest of comfort. If life is about journeys, then only with a strong transport system can we ensure that all Singaporeans, no matter how big our dreams, can live a full life on our small island, our little red dot.
Mr Speaker3 words
[+1 sentence]Mr Kenneth Tiong.
Mr Kenneth Tiong Boon Kiat (Aljunied)2235 words
[+4 sentences]Mr Speaker, I am honoured to address this House as an MP representing the people of Aljunied group representation constituency. This special constituency reminds us of that moment in 2011 when Singaporeans began to dream of a more plural political system, and I stand here today in service of that dream. I wish to speak on one of the most important economic questions for our country today: what it will take for Singapore to build inherent capacity. By inherent capacity, I mean a rooted high-value local set of companies, local base of companies and industries. For 50 years, our prosperity has been built on attracting foreign direct investment within a world of free trade.[+1 sentence] This model served us well. But in a new era of geopolitical blocs and strategic industries, this dependence is a vulnerability. High-value work hosted on our shores can be repatriated at any time, leaving our workers exposed.[+28 sentences] The ultimate defence for our workers is not a certificate from a course. It is being part of a deep industrial ecosystem. It is tacit knowledge, the unwritten secrets of an industry learned not in a classroom, but in a coffee conversation after work or overheard on a factory floor. The guarded tricks of building and tuning a foundation model or advance notice of a new industry standard. It is the sticky localised knowledge that gives our workers a genuine defensible edge, justifying their wages and creating the conditions for our best entrepreneurs to thrive. Of course, we must continue to upskill our people. But skills-training alone, unmoored from a home industry, is not enough – a skill that can be learned anywhere, can be performed anywhere, often at a lower cost. We must therefore build the inherent capacity to foster unique knowledge advantages. Building this inherent capacity requires a resurrected developmental state for our time, a state that actively shapes an ecosystem to benefit our people. There are three ways to do this: through research and development (R&D) policy, industrial policy and foreign economic policy. Today, with only 20 minutes, I will focus on the third pillar: how we engage with the world. I would like to tell a story about economic integration. Once, in the 1960s, American giants – Boeing, Lockheed, McDonnell-Douglas – dominated over 80% of the civil aviation market. Europe’s national champions – like Sud Aviation, Messerschmitt-Bölkow-Blohm and Hawker Siddeley – were confined mainly to national markets and had a bleak future if they stayed alone. The industry dynamics favoured the American giants due to large economies of scale, enormous R&D commitments rising 20% yearly between 1930 and 1970 and steep learning curves. In their enlightened self-interest, they turned to a new policy instrument: a transnational industrial consortium. Airbus, founded in 1970, was designed to preserve the aviation industries of Germany, France and the UK. It is important to note it was not a top-down creation of the European Community. It was driven from the bottom-up by the firms themselves. Airbus is not a private creation. It arose from a group of state-backed enterprises and was founded on commercial principles, learning the lessons from the commercial failure of Anglo-French Concorde. State-backing was necessary as the long-duration debt market in Europe was too small to finance this industry alone. This political decision was made possible by two points of consensus: First, the knowledge that industrial policy was necessary to build inherent capacity – again, a rooted high-value local base of companies. Second, that national industrial policy would likely prove insufficient. Transnational projects would be needed to achieve the necessary scale and competitiveness. It was sustained by three key points: political will to provide financing until the consortium hit its first financial milestones, demand-assurance for guaranteed orders in the early years and partner lock-in via specialisation and workshare agreements for the different components. Above all, it was a 50-50 split in equity holding between France and Germany. This has proved highly successful for Europe. Today Airbus is the leading civil aviation company in the world, founded 55 years ago on a framework for positive integration – an integration that builds.[+11 sentences] Let us turn to our own region, Southeast Asia. The President’s address and its addenda have told us of the multiple platforms we will pursue for economic growth. We are to deepen engagement in existing trading frameworks, from the Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership to our networks of Free Trade Agreements (FTAs) and Digital Economy Agreements. But we have spent years and decades cultivating these types of platforms without fostering that strong base of locally grown companies. Something is missing. For decades, our diplomatic energy has been spent on the idea of "negative integration" – that is to say, integration by way of removal of trade barriers. "Negative integration" has been duly implemented. In 2009, the ASEAN Trade in Goods Agreement (ATIGA) came into force. ASEAN's website states, and I quote, "Through ATIGA, Brunei, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, and Thailand have eliminated intra-ASEAN import duties on 99.65% of their tariff lines. Cambodia, Lao People's Democratic Republic (PDR), Myanmar and Viet Nam have reduced their import duties to 0%-5% on 98.86% of their tariff lines. Today, focus is given to addressing non-tariff measures that could have non-tariff barrier effects on the region's trade and business activities"; end quote. Yet a 2019 commissioned study by ASEAN's Coordinating Committee for the Implementation of ATIGA, found that 10 years after ATIGA came into force, intra-ASEAN trade had not grown any faster than ASEAN’s total trade, stagnating at 25%.[+5 sentences] Moreover, for a large fraction of trade, ATIGA offered no real advantage – either "Most-Favored Nation" rates at zero already meant that there were no tariffs to cut, or the special ASEAN discount was so tiny that it made no practical difference. Decades of effort for negligible results. I am not against negative integration, but it is clearly not a sufficient ideal for Southeast Asian integration. Against it, I believe Airbus exemplifies an ideal of "positive integration" in the industrial sense. Our region tried a form of "positive integration" before, with the ASEAN Industrial Projects (AIPs) of the 1970s. In 1977, five projects were designated: nitrogenous urea fertiliser for Malaysia and Indonesia, phosphatic fertiliser for the Philippines, soda ash for Thailand and diesel engines for Singapore. The equity arrangement agreed in 1980 was fundamentally imbalanced – 60% for the host country, with the other four taking 10% each.[+1 sentence] The four non-Singapore projects were geared towards the agricultural industry, a reflection of national development priorities. The AIPs failed, because national priorities overrode genuine complementation and because the equity structure was fundamentally unbalanced.[+12 sentences] States will only enter enduring cooperation agreements when they do not fear that their partners will gain disproportionately. The success of Airbus holds a mirror to these past failures and shows us a path forward. Mr Speaker, critics will rightly point out that Europe in the 1960s and 1970s is not Southeast Asia today. They will speak of deep-seated political sensitivities, of differing economic priorities and of the cultural gulf that separates our nations. They are not wrong. These challenges are real and significant. But I ask: are these differences greater than those that separated France and Germany just two decades after a world war? True partnership is not born from the absence of difficulty, but from the shared will to overcome it in the face of a greater common challenge – the squeeze of geoeconomic competition and knowing that going it alone is a losing game. Three factors are critical. First, it requires coalitions of the willing, not committees of the whole. Bilateral or trilateral consortiums of nations. Some must integrate faster, to demonstrate the benefits of a particular integration model. Second, it demands balanced payoffs, like an equitable 50/50 or 60/40 structure.[+16 sentences] This ensures that every nation has an equal stake in shared success, bridging a trust deficit that erects non-tariff barriers. Defined payoffs and the way they are structured, must be negotiated early on. These negotiations reveal the viability or lack thereof regarding long-term cooperation. And third, today, the industrial bases across Southeast Asia by foreign direct investment give us a foundation that our predecessors never had, that allows us to build complementarity from a higher-base than the agricultural-industrial options available to the previous generation of policy-makers. I am a believer that foreign investment has been a net positive for this region. Negative integration in ASEAN, via ATIGA and FTAs, has created a stable potential foundation for increasing regional trade. But the world is changing and we must now adapt to that changing world. Positive industrial integration is not the only option available to us. But it is a necessary diversifier in a portfolio of international strategies. Above all we should not spend all our diplomatic capital deepening a model that is yielding diminishing returns. We need to build a future with real, defensible, and shared prosperity. This is not a dream. I read with interest in March 2025, the call in the Malay Mail by the chief executive officer of MIMOS Berhad, Malaysia's national applied R&D centre, calling for strong industrial policy to create a semiconductor chip design ecosystem for Malaysia. To move beyond being a trusted manufacturer for global companies to become innovators. When I read this call and others like it, I hear a common developmental language across nations. But to channel these ambitions through national industrial policy is to face the full cost of global competition alone. Singapore should be the partner that de-risks these aspirations by opening a path to stronger, more resilient regional consortiums.[+20 sentences] We are in the midst of a global investment cycle in many things. Healthcare, nuclear energy, renewable energy, photonics. Budgetary decisions from the Ministry of Finance should begin to inform industrial policy decisions of the Ministry of Trade and Industry. We should head in broad strokes to what will be the big buckets of spending over the next 20 years – healthcare, the clean energy transition, maritime industrialisation, education. To ensure these efforts build our local capacity, Government support, like funding and early contracts, must come with conditions. Firms must be required to build deep roots here through local engineering teams, apprenticeships, joint-IP and guaranteed work for our SMEs. Mr Speaker, Singapore should champion the creation of new "Airbus-style" commercial consortiums with willing regional partners. In the 21st century, this need not be a bloated state-owned enterprise. But rather the principal client and industrial anchor for an entire ecosystem of SMEs, along with the safeguards to make sure that value flows down the value-chain. Airbus sustains tens of thousands of European SMEs. Similarly, every successful venture in Southeast Asia could allow an ecosystem of SMEs to thrive. So, how do we begin? Our strategy should be modular. We do not necessarily need to build the entire metaphorical aircraft at once; we can start by mastering a single critical component – the engine, the avionics, the advanced materials. This "building block" approach allows each partner to specialise, making us stronger together than apart. As we prove the model, we can integrate more partners, even from outside our region, to build more complex systems. And what about scale? How might such a cooperation and integration model be replicated? Once done once, the private sector can increasingly take over. The same unfolding ladder of ideas from AIPs to ASEAN Industrial Joint Venture (AIJVs) to ATIGA, from positive integration to negative integration. But we must recognise our current lack of inherent capacity. So, the state must be the prime mover to catalyse and build it again and anew.[+1 sentence] This requires a change in our Government’s mindset. The state must be bigger in its ambition to build this inherent capacity and shape markets as only a state can. But it also needs to become smaller, by not competing directly with our own SMEs. Too many local entrepreneurs tell me that once they reach a certain size, their biggest competitor is the Singaporean state and those linked with it. For too long, the State's ambition has turned inward, often leading it to compete directly with our own SMEs.[+3 sentences] No more. Its role must be redefined. The greatest enabler of our local enterprises and not their competitor. A government that acts as a market-shaper internationally but knows when to retreat domestically creates a fairer playing field for our and our children's ventures to succeed.[+10 sentences] I know that there are many Singaporeans who do not share the views of some who think that Singapore should focus on doing small things and let big countries do big things. But my message to all is that every ambition has a price. If a nation wishes to be at the frontier, it needs to be prepared to pay that price to cross that bridge. And inherent capacity at the frontier, guarded by protectionist sentiment at the best of times, is today a contested ridge-line, with all nations reawakened to the necessity of inherent capacity. It remains possible, as it always was possible, to cross this bridge, as long as the political will allows. But it requires no illusions about the limits of different growth models. It requires both developmental will abroad, and restraint at home. This generation must decide what our country’s position is in the whole scheme of human progress. But it is my belief that we are here to catalyse a brighter future. Thank you, Mr Speaker, I support the Motion.
Mr Speaker9 words
[+1 sentence]Dr Koh, do you have a clarification to make?
[+1 sentence]Mr Foo Cexiang, do you have a clarification to make?
Mr Foo Cexiang (Tanjong Pagar)203 words
[+9 sentences]Yes, thank you, Mr Speaker. I have a clarification to make with regard to the hon Member Mr Kenneth Tiong's speech. Two quick clarifications just to make sure I do not mischaracterise what he has shared. The first, is he suggesting that the Singapore Government should be entering a domain or a partnership with some of our regional Governments in partnership to develop as what he described, a similar model of whatever was the collaboration between the English and the French? So, the first is he suggesting that the Singapore Government collaborate with governments in the region to develop an industry? The second one and he also made this point quite clearly that the Government should not crowd out the space for SMEs. But at the same time he also shared that for this initial project, the Government must play an important role and then develop the system of SMEs, the ecosystem of SMEs underneath it. So, maybe for me to understand better, what is this sector that he has in mind? That the Government will not play a role whereby it oversteps the role of SMEs, but is able to create an ecosystem for SMEs in collaboration with governments in the region?
Mr Speaker3 words
[+1 sentence]Mr Kenneth Tiong.
Mr Kenneth Tiong Boon Kiat142 words
[+1 sentence]I thank the Member for his clarifications. For the first question, yes, indeed I do believe that the Government has a very key role to play in fostering these collaborations.[+1 sentence] Airbus is not a private creation. They have fostered these consortiums to create the economies of scale that are necessary to sustain leading-edge industries.[+2 sentences] On the second clarification, on which sectors that it should be in. Certainly, there are many, many areas of strength that I think are in Southeast Asia. Healthcare is a big bucket of spending in the future; and there is a strong semi-conductor ecosystem. There are many others, but I think these two are realistic.[+1 sentence] And I think generally the principle is that it really depends on if the Government is in a position to shape these markets internationally, for the benefit of this country , it should.
Mr Speaker3 words
[+1 sentence]Mr Foo Cexiang.
Mr Foo Cexiang59 words
[+3 sentences]Thank you, Speaker. I thank the Member for his clarifications as well. Could I just venture a step further to ask the Member whether he could share with us some of the countries or governments he has in mind that, in his view, we should be collaborating with in terms of some of the sectors that he has raised?
Mr Speaker3 words
[+1 sentence]Mr Kenneth Tiong.
Mr Kenneth Tiong Boon Kiat85 words
[+4 sentences]I brought up one example in my speech. I say that that is one possible direction, regarding semi-conductors. But of course, I do not want to be overly prescriptive about the nature of the industry. I think there are many potential areas that could be developed. The general principle is that this is a policy instrument that I do not believe this Government has ever considered; or rather it has considered it once in the 1980s and I do believe it should be revived again.
Mr Speaker3 words
[+1 sentence]Mr Foo Cexiang.
Mr Foo Cexiang86 words
[+4 sentences]Thank you, Speaker, I thank the Member as well. But I guess the root of the question I am asking is that, in his view, there are governments in the region that will be able to partner us meaningfully in such an endeavour. The level of the region, where they are, the resources that they have, the manpower they have, the skills that they have, there will be a meaningful collaboration that we can have with them. That is the question I have for the Member.
Mr Speaker3 words
[+1 sentence]Mr Kenneth Tiong.
Mr Kenneth Tiong Boon Kiat71 words
[+6 sentences]There are many sources of industrial strength in Southeast Asia. Malaysia is certainly strong in semiconductors. It has a strong healthcare industry. Vietnam is strong in manufacturing. There are others. Again, as I said, I think this Government has a prerogative to decide what these areas should be and to see how best to develop these, but certainly I do not want to be overly prescriptive in what it could be.
Mr Speaker6 words
[+1 sentence]Let us move on, Ms Hazlina.
Ms Hazlina Abdul Halim (East Coast)2055 words
[+32 sentences]Thank you, Mr Speaker. Mr Speaker, I am lucky to be born an optimist, always preferring to look on the brighter side of life. But I know it is easier said than done, especially when success seems out of reach; and the people who are in the position to make a difference seem out of touch. I sense some among us may be feeling this way: unsure, uncertain, overwhelmed. This too, shall pass, and with hardship comes ease. But let me say this: I believe in the power of the youth, so do not give up on you. I believe in the power of family, do not give up on each other. I believe in the power of unity, so let us do this together. Mr Speaker, I rise in support for the Motion to thank the President who spoke about unity, tenacity and inclusive mobility. Let me start by appreciating the East Coast and Fengshan residents – because of whom I have this honour of being here today, sharing my voice with fellow Singaporeans. With this same voice, I thank our families, our volunteers and Singapore's patriots who rally with us to build a Singapore we can all be proud of. One, where we belong. The privilege, expectations and "amanah", or responsibility, standing right here right now, is not lost on me. Mr Speaker, I seek the guidance of your good self, honourable, learned and experienced Members of this House as well as our community leaders and private sector leaders to join hands and build an ecosystem of support so every one of us Singaporeans, dare to dream, to be our best. Today, I will take you on a journey to envision the Singapore I hope to build in three parts, using three proverbs, and in three other languages. First, in our National Language, Mr Speaker, in Malay, please. : The strength of the people, is in its unity. A Singapore that is strong, united and cohesive. A Singapore that supports one another during difficult times. A Singapore that celebrates each other's successes. That is my hope for Singapore and for our community. For 15 years, I reported the stories of our community as an editor and presenter for Mediacorp News. I was fortunate because through my career, I had the privilege of preserving our culture and language and connecting with our community. I also served for more than a decade in charitable organisations, such as PPIS (Singapore Muslim Women's Association) – helping those in need amongst us and in several national councils and associations – representing the voice and aspirations of our community. I have never missed any opportunity to contribute because I truly believe that success, values, and aspirations; all begin at home. Therefore, I hope the Government continues to work hand in hand with Malay/Muslim organisations, social service agencies, as well as the private sector, making holistic efforts to strengthen and empower our families, so that no one is left behind. Mr Speaker, every family's situation is different. Similar but not quite the same. Sometimes, when tackling complex problems, there seems to be no clear solutions, no examples, no templates. For instance, a Fengshan resident, Mr O, is a father with a heart condition. He is no longer working and must care for two children – one studying at MINDS and another who has eczema, a type of skin ailment. Additionally, his wife is receiving long-term treatment in hospital due to stroke. When he came to us, Mr O was quite at a loss. Our team worked to address his challenges step by step. We began by ensuring that he receives assistance from ComCare and also MUIS. We then addressed his financial difficulties by guiding him in planning his family's monthly expenses. We also provided grocery vouchers and made appeals for outstanding bills.[+7 sentences] Essentially, our team used a holistic approach that took into account the specific characteristics of each family, which is providing assistance while empowering them. Mr Speaker, Singapore's success and strength are not only subject to economic sustainability. Family and community stability, as well as a united people, are also important indicators of success – especially in uncertain times, when tensions between nations are escalating. We must take care of our own. Recently, I had the opportunity to join President Tharman Shanmugaratnam's delegation for his State Visit to Egypt – for the very first time. Singapore's reputation as a trusted, respected and forward-looking country was clearly evident. The President's visit demonstrated both the importance of expanding our networks and Singapore's significant role on the world stage. The President presented a $1.2 million contribution from the Singapore Red Cross to the Egyptian Red Crescent. These funds will be used for medical services that will benefit 4,000 Gaza residents as well as educational services for around 2,000 Palestinian children.[+30 sentences] During the visit, I had the chance to meet four Gaza residents who were receiving medical treatment in Egypt, together with a team of Singaporean doctors and nurses who were specially flown in to provide treatment – the first foreign team given permission to work in an Egyptian hospital. Mr Speaker, I believe this effort is welcomed by all Singaporeans. Therefore, Singapore must remain steadfast and firm in helping victims of war and continue to speak up for the oppressed. Singaporeans harbour hope that Singapore will assume a greater role and take a clearer stance on the Gaza conflict. While in Egypt, I was also deeply moved after meeting Singaporean students studying at the Al-Azhar University. They possess tremendous spirit and are committed to flying the Singapore flag high. I applaud and congratulate them for that. Mr Speaker, solidarity does not mean uniformity, without any differences. Solidarity is the harmony of different voices, with varying tones and rhythms flowing together, united for the same purpose. A nurturing environment is important for someone to flourish. The family is like a garden that must be carefully tended, so that life's resources are shared as fairly as possible, and nothing is hidden in the shadows. We can be anchors of progress and beacons of unity. I will strive to ensure that our children grow up with confidence, our youth receive opportunities and our families believe in a brighter future. : Mr Speaker, in Mandarin, please, especially, for my Fengshan residents. (In Mandarin): "Care for our own elderly and extend that care to the elderly of others" – what a beautiful saying! Many of our elderly shy from asking their families for help, fearing they might trouble others. I hope we can proactively extend a helping hand and do our part for our elders, so they can enjoy a meaningful and dignified life. : Mr Speaker, we are where we are because of the giants before us. Trail blazers who cleared the path, smashed ceilings and cleaned sticky floors. Singapore must be a safe space for our elderlies who have done so much to build the Singapore we are privileged to live in now. During the National Day Rally, Prime Minister Lawrence Wong, shared a photo of my Fengshan resident, Mdm Wong celebrating her 100th birthday. I met her the same week, to show her how many Singaporeans celebrated with her. She was in high-spirits, all smiles and said, "阿嬤开心!" or Grandma is happy. Joy keeps Mdm Wong going and many super-aged seniors too. I hope for our seniors to truly age well, on site and with dignity. I hope for a Singapore where our elderlies know they can depend on their families for support. I hope for the Government to better support families with elderly, especially the ones who also have young children as well. On my house visits, I often meet seniors who live alone. At Fengshan, we take note of these homes. Our grassroots leader and I make time to engage and stay in touch. We organise luncheons and gatherings and encourage them to have an active social life. The work of the Active Ageing Centres, the Active Ageing Centre befrienders and the Silver Generation Office is becoming more important, to ensure our seniors living alone are not isolated. Perhaps it is time to consider a national level initiative together with coordination and partnership with social service agencies to have a more structured approach in caring for the ones who have no one else. I also recently met a community of caregivers in Fengshan who are looking after seniors with dementia.[+1 sentence] Their challenges are real. I welcome the new dementia programmes at our Active Ageing Centres which would benefit this growing, big-hearted community of carers who deserve better support.[+13 sentences] And I look forward to greater synergies among all our initiatives so seniors have one single point of contact for community care, so they can focus on living their golden years meaningfully and with dignity. Next, very briefly in Tamil, please, Mr Speaker. : The continuous crawling of ants can wear out even a rock. Do not give up hope. Keep on trying. There is so much we can learn from this saying. My grandfather and grandmother spoke Tamil. I have not learnt enough of it, but one day, I will. : The proverb, even ants can wear out a rock, speaks of the perseverance and resilience I hope for Singapore and our youths to possess. A Singapore where our young feel heard, seen and where they matter. A Singapore where our young are motivated and do not give up. A Singapore where our young feel like they belong. Economic uncertainty and social pressures are on the up and up. One of the concerns of young Singaporeans is employment. It is unfortunate that the pressure to get a job meant young people are racing to stack internships. I worry for the vulnerable ones whose social capital is limited. I hope Government initiatives, such as the GRIT programme, truly evens the playing field of opportunities, and for the Government to keep a close eye that they are not misused for cost savings. Perhaps the Government can also consider better supporting companies who successfully upskill and coach a trainee for full-time employment upon the completion of their traineeship.[+8 sentences] I believe it is important for the young to discover themselves. I started my career as a journalist, crossed over to public affairs, found meaning in social impact and embraced a new opportunity in advisory consulting. For Singaporeans to embody lifelong learning, there must also be a mindset shift of embracing lifelong support. I shared the anxiety of our young, but also their drive for making the world a better place for the next generation. I share their purpose on being good and doing right. I will continue to listen to our young and give them space to untangle, deconstruct and undo what does not quite work. I recently met some youths based in Cairo, having just returned from a State Visit with the President to Egypt and I am filled with immense pride at how our youths are flying our flag, determined to do Singapore, their families and themselves proud in their campuses. Egypt, like Singapore, values inter-faith harmony; upholding the values of peace and mutual respect is essential in continuing to build a peaceful and harmonious Singapore. The recent incident at Al-Istiqamah mosque is deeply concerning.[+19 sentences] Such acts threaten the values that Singapore revere, peace and harmony. We must move upstream in our interventions. We must ensure our places of worship for all faiths remain safe spaces like the rest of Singapore. To do so, we must embrace unity in diversity. Mr Speaker, Sir. Our mighty red dot shines bright beyond the water’s edge. Think about how Singaporeans make our mark and add value overseas and how Singapore makes a difference in a world that we care about. We must carry that same pride, here on this island. Sir, I conclude with the recap of the three proverbs that exemplifies my kind of Singapore. "Kuat lilit kerana simpulnya". The strength of the people is in its unity. "老吾老，以及人之老". Care for the elders, our own and others. "Yerumbu Ora Kalluum Theiyum". Persistence never fails. The Singapore name is our pride. We must protect it. We must build it, we must move forward with it, together. Mr Speaker, Sir, I support the Motion.
Mr Speaker28 words
[+2 sentences]Ms Hazlina Abdul Halim, I think you have joined the rare group of Members who used all four languages in her speech. Senior Minister of State Sun Xueling.
The Senior Minister of State for National Development and Transport (Ms Sun Xueling)3370 words
[+31 sentences]Mr Speaker, Sir, I rise in support of the Motion. Housing policies are often discussed in this House. It is a topic that is important to many. Homes are where our children grow up, develop a sense of self and identify a space that they call their own. Homes can be a source of pride and joy for young working adults – something that they worked hard for and something that they continue to build their dreams and aspirations on. For seniors, a home can be a sanctuary giving them peace of mind in their golden years. In land scarce Singapore, the Government takes active steps to ensure that there is housing to meet the different needs of our people. But there are also competing uses for land – to generate economic growth, for environment sustainability and sometimes for cultural and historical conservation. The Ministry of National Development (MND) takes its development and stewardship role over land use seriously and undertakes this in partnership with our people. In June this year, the Urban Redevelopment Authority (URA) released the Draft Master Plan 2025. It was developed through URA's most extensive public engagement exercise to date with 200,000 people engaged. We laid out our urban planning vision for the next decade. We want to bring jobs closer to homes and strengthen three economic gateways in the north, east and west. We want to develop exciting and attractive neighbourhoods for both public and private housing, for example, in central locations, like Berlayar: regional job centres, like Woodlands; and sites closer to nature, like Kranji. We will also set aside more spaces for recreation with the development of new integrated developments, new parks and park connectors. Singapore will continue to be an exciting and endearing place to work, live and play. As we develop these plans, we will not lose sight of our fundamental commitment to our people, that the Government will continue to provide affordable and accessible housing to our people. This was the founding ethos for HDB, which was established in 1960, five years before Singapore's Independence. This continues to be its mission today. Our home ownership policies give our citizens a stake in our nation, foster a sense of rootedness and a shared sense of identity. I will now speak about, one, how we will continue to meet the housing aspirations of Singaporeans through affordable and accessible housing; how we will plan major new estates so that new residents can move in with greater convenience and comfort; and three, how we will rejuvenate our homes and estates to make them safe, liveable and vibrant for residents of all ages. In the last term of Government, the pandemic impacted construction and led to delays in the completion of housing projects. Application rates for BTO flats were high, waiting times were longer and resale prices increased as more buyers turned to resale flats. Together with industry partners, the Government responded swiftly to the situation. We completed the flats delayed by COVID-19, ramped up supply of new flats, brought down waiting times and introduced multiple rounds of cooling measures to moderate the resale market. After COVID-19, there continues to be strong broad-based housing demand. Singaporeans want to start their own families with most young people getting married at about 30 years old and they want to have their own flats then. There are also singles who want to live independently, though near their family. There are also seniors who want to age-in-place or right-size their housing for retirement needs. In this term of Government, HDB will continue to build more, build faster and build better. We want to help more Singaporeans meet their housing aspirations. There will be a variety of public housing options in different locations to suit diverse income groups and family needs. We have exceeded our commitment of launching 100,000 new flats from 2021 to 2025. And from 2025 to 2027, we will launch 55,000 BTO flats, 10% more than the earlier commitment of 50,000. We will launch at least 4,500 flats with shorter waiting times this year, and over the next two years, we will launch about 4,000 annually, an increase of more than 20% compared to our earlier plans.[+1 sentence] We will also sustain a steady private housing supply. From 2025 to 2027, we plan to launch more than 25,000 private residential units through the Government Land Sales programme.[+5 sentences] New estates will be developed in more central locations, such as Newton and Pearl's Hill. As we build more, build faster and build better, there will be greater capacity to meet the aspirations of more Singaporeans. Mr Henry Kwek spoke for some of these groups, like young Singaporeans doing well at work and earning more but are afraid that they will bust the HDB income ceiling and end up not being eligible for a HDB flat. The current BTO income ceiling is $14,000. This was last revised in 2019. We recognise that incomes have gone up over the years. We will, therefore, review the income ceiling to keep pace with economic trends and ensure that the majority of Singaporean households remain eligible for HDB flats.[+4 sentences] Another group of Singaporeans who desire to own their HDB flats are singles who can only apply for a BTO flat after reaching the age of 35. In recent years, we have made significant moves to enhance singles' access to HDB flats. These include expanding access to two-room flexi BTO flats island-wide, increasing the housing grant for singles and giving priority to singles when they apply to live with or near their parents for mutual care and support. We understand that there is still unmet demand from some singles who wish to apply for a BTO flat before reaching the age of 35. To make further policy moves, we need policy space and a higher supply of BTO flats. We are continuing with a robust supply of public housing and when the right conditions are in place, we will be able to raise the income eligibility threshold for BTO flat buyers and lower the eligibility age for singles.[+8 sentences] Besides improving accessibility, we will also ensure that HDB flats remain affordable for Singaporeans. The Government will continue to price BTO flats so that they are affordable for buyers with different income levels. This includes first-time buyers who may also be eligible for additional housing grants. Unlike other countries where public housing is targeted at the lower-income, almost 80% of Singapore residents stay in HDB flats. We must, therefore, provide a range of BTO flats at different locations and price levels to cater to buyers with different incomes and aspirations. Let me share two examples using the recent July BTO exercise. Take a young couple earning around $5,000 monthly adding up to our median household income of $10,000. The average price for a standard four-room flat in a July exercise was around $460,000. With a 25-year HDB loan, the couple's mortgage servicing ratio would be 16%, meaning their monthly loan instalments would be fully covered by their CPF contributions.[+14 sentences] No need to pay cash. If they opted for a four-room flat in Prime areas in this particular July exercise, given the additional subsidies for Prime flats, the couple will still be able to afford such flats with up to $350 payable in cash per month. Their mortgage servicing ratio would increase to 27% but this is still below international benchmarks of 30%-35% for affordable housing. To add, as the couple only starts paying their loan when the flat is completed, their incomes will likely have increased in those three or four years when they are waiting for the flat, so their actual mortgage servicing ratio and monthly cash outlay would be even lower. Let us consider another couple with a lower combined income of $6,000 which places them in the lower-third of households by income. In the same July BTO exercise, three-room flats were going from $267,000 up to $389,000. This couple would be able to afford any three-room flat only using CPF, without any cash outlay. That gives them some buffer to cover their daily expenses and build up their finances. In fact, because of the additional grants they receive, this couple would also be able to afford the average standard four-room flat in this exercise without any cash outlay. I have taken the July launch as an example, as this is the nearest launch to date. The exact prices and locations will vary across launches but our commitment is to ensure a range of options to meet diverse budgets and diverse needs. We will also ensure that standard flats continue to form a significant portion of our annual supply to provide sufficient options for buyers with tighter budgets. And across flat types, BTOs will be priced well below comparable resale flats. On top of that, we provide further means-tested grants. Because of this, nine in 10 first-time home buyers can pay their loan using their CPF with little or no cash outlay.[+8 sentences] This is a good gauge of their lived experience of affordability, as this captures how they can manage their mortgage and daily living expenses relative to their disposable income. I will now touch on the resale market. As we all know, resale prices are agreed between buyers and sellers, influenced by supply and demand. Behind every resale flat transaction, there is a willing buyer and a willing seller. Buyers pay a higher price compared to BTO flats, but they get the resale flat immediately and can choose their preferred flat attributes, like location and size. There will be resale flats with attractive attributes that allow them to command higher prices, such as being in Prime locations, on a high floor, facing a good view, near amenities and transport nodes. But there are also resale flats available at lower prices in many locations. A four-room resale flat with at least 40 years remaining on the lease can go for less than $700,000 in locations, like Tampines and Punggol; less than $600,000 in Sembawang and Yishun; and less than $550,000 in Jurong West and Woodlands. First-time buyers pay even less because they qualify for grants of up to $230,000.[+7 sentences] The resale market is cyclical. Before COVID-19, resale prices fell for six consecutive years. When prices rose in the COVID-19 years, we had to implement four rounds of cooling measures, such as reducing the Loan-to-Value limit for HDB housing loans and the wait-out periods for private property owners wishing to purchase HDB flats. We are now seeing moderation in resale price growth. The quarter-on-quarter resale price index Resale Price Index growth for the last quarter at 0.9% is the lowest since the second quarter of 2020. There are signs to point towards continued moderation in resale prices. More BTO flats will reach their Minimum Occupation Period (MOP) from 2026 onwards. The number of BTO flats reaching MOP will increase from 8,000 flats this year to 13,500 in 2026, 15,000 in 2027 and 19,500 in 2028.[+10 sentences] The increase in the supply of resale flats will help to moderate resale prices. At the same time, the ramp-up in BTO supply that I spoke about earlier will also help to reduce demand in the resale market, as more buyers turn to BTO flats. Together, these trends of increased supply and reduced demand will help support a more balanced and sustainable resale market. To sum up this section of my speech, we will keep public housing affordable and accessible for buyers with diverse needs and budgets. The robust supply of public housing will enable us to expand access to more groups. Ramping up housing supply also means that we will be developing in new areas, such as Tengah in the West, and Kranji in the North. These areas present opportunities to design thoughtful and beautiful towns. We did this with "Punggol 21" since the 1990s, and we are doing this again with Tengah – our first large-scale smart and sustainable town. At the same time, we hear feedback from residents that amenities such as cooked food options and childcare centres were not available when they first moved in. Having been in Punggol for the past decade, I can understand how residents feel. To review how we can be more resident-centric in our planning for such large-scale BTO estates, we set up the inter-agency BTO Coordination Committee last year, which I now chair.[+9 sentences] The committee has studied the experience of residents in new large-scale BTO estates, such as Punggol and Tengah. I will share more in the months to come, but today, I would like to give you a broad overview of the improvements that we are looking into, to prepare for other large-scale BTO projects we are building. The inter-agency committee is looking into a wide variety of issues, such as transport accessibility, construction disamenities and also, mobile signal strength. In the interest of time, I will highlight three areas that HDB is working on: sheltered linkways, childcare and food options. First, sheltered linkways. Residents desire shelter to connect them on their commute and journeys around the neighbourhood. For new estates, from the onset, we will see how we can connect our residents to more bus stops and shop clusters. This can potentially be implemented at the BTO construction stage, especially if there are cost savings. Next, on childcare. For our young parents, it is crucial to minimise the gap between the first residents moving in and the commencement of childcare services. We are refining our planning approach, so that the childcare centres are built earlier in the development of the estate and handed over to operators in a smoother and faster manner.[+15 sentences] Finally, when residents move into a new area, more often than not, food is the first thing that everyone looks out for. However, we know through experience that operators are hesitant to open their shops or stalls when footfall may be low in the initial period. Currently, we already provide a rent-free period to tide operators through this period. We are studying how to enhance such measures while studying alternatives for residents. We will work with the food and retail industry to see how residents can be better served during the move-in period and the town's early years. At the National Day Rally this year, the Prime Minister had shared our vision for the new BTO estates in places like Kranji, Sembawang and Woodlands. They are to be well-connected to job centres in the northern region. This is an opportunity to apply this resident-centric planning approach and build a new generation of heartlands. Across Government agencies, we will plan and coordinate much more closely so that new residents enjoy greater convenience from the time they move in. We will continue to gather feedback from residents, grassroots leaders and community leaders, and adopt a resident-centric approach in planning, development and execution. Our commitment is not just to new homes. We are equally focused on rejuvenating our mature heartlands where many Singaporeans have lived for decades. We often hear residents asking what will happen to their flats and estates as the infrastructure, and they themselves, get older. I assure residents that we will continue to work with you and your Town Councils to keep your homes and neighbourhoods safe, liveable and well-maintained. Many residents of flats aged around 30 years have already benefited from programmes, such as the Home Improvement Programme (HIP), covering essentials like toilets, doors and spalling concrete. As flats age further, HIP II will offer a second round of upgrading when flats reach 60 years and above.[+3 sentences] Works will be more comprehensive, using updated technology. We will announce more details about HIP II next year, but I will share one example today. As buildings age, the problem of water seepage becomes more common and this damages concrete. HDB is testing a scanning technology which can see beyond the surface of the concrete, trace the root cause and make more timely repairs.[+10 sentences] I have seen the use of this technology and how it can help to resolve more complex water seepage cases. HDB is currently exploring how to scale up its use in a cost-effective manner. Beyond individual flats, we will continue to refresh the whole estate, through programmes such as Remaking Our Heartlands and the Neighbourhood Renewal Programme. For example, under Remaking Our Heartlands in Choa Chu Kang, the Teck Whye and Keat Hong Shopping Centres are getting a fresh revamp, so that residents do not have to travel into town, but can enjoy themselves at the nearby malls. Outside the town centres, there will be new pocket parks, playgrounds and linkways, down to simple improvements to the lighting and seating. Residents of private housing estates, including seniors, will not be left out. We are extending these upgrading efforts to selected private housing estates, under the Estate Upgrading Programme. Mr Speaker, Sir, may I be allowed to continue in Mandarin, please. (In Mandarin): As society ages, we have to make HDB flats and neighbourhoods more senior-friendly, to support seniors to age-in-place and remain active. We believe that our whole society benefits when seniors live joyful, healthy and active lives. The Government provides the Enhancement for Active Seniors programme for seniors which includes senior-friendly fixtures that allow seniors to move about safely within their homes.[+1 sentence] This includes grab bars and handrails, slip-resistant flooring, wall-mounted shower seats and widened bathroom entrances. At the neighbourhood level, we have launched the Neighbourhood Renewal Programme, adding senior-friendly facilities in our public housing estates such as barrier-free ramps, therapeutic gardens, and fitness areas.[+3 sentences] All this will support seniors who wish to age-in-place, surrounded by familiar faces and places. But there will also be seniors who wish to monetise their flats, and find a smaller flat that suits their retirement needs. We will ensure they have ample options. Two-room Flexi units continue to be a popular choice among seniors who want a smaller home that is easier to maintain, especially in their later years. We are maintaining a steady supply of two-room Flexi units in every BTO exercise, with the majority of these flats set aside for seniors. We will also launch more Community Care Apartments for seniors who wish to live independently, with access to care and support.[+2 sentences] Community Care Apartments combine senior-friendly design, eldercare services and activity spaces. We have seen positive response and feedback, and we are expanding this model to more sites. The Prime Minister recently announced the new Age Well Neighbourhood concept.[+12 sentences] We will work with MOH to provide more details when ready. I would like to assure seniors that regardless of whether you choose to remain in your current home, move to a smaller one for retirement, or live somewhere with more care support, we will provide safe and convenient housing options. We will continue to make Singapore an endearing home for all ages. : Sir, during this debate, we have seen many MPs speak passionately about issues concerning national development – their estates, residents, our social fabric and the environment. I sincerely thank our Members for raising concerns and proposals on behalf of your residents. We hear you and we will continue to engage you and work with you to further improve our policies and schemes. To our residents, we hear your hopes and concerns, whether you are a young couple planning to start a family, a homeowner wondering what is next for your estate, or a senior thinking about retirement. We will build more homes across the island, with a range of housing options to cater to different needs and budgets. We will plan for infrastructure and amenities in new estates, so that residents can move in with greater comfort and convenience. We will rejuvenate mature homes and estates, keeping them safe, liveable and vibrant. Over six decades, we have moved from the urgent task of housing a young nation to a nation of homeowners, proud of our quality homes, well-designed towns and strong communities. We will carry this spirit and legacy, meet the needs of today and fulfil our aspirations for the future. Together, let us build a Singapore that is home for all, for today and for generations to come.
Mr Speaker9 words
[+1 sentence]Mr Louis Chua, you have a clarification to make.
Mr Chua Kheng Wee Louis (Sengkang)90 words
[+5 sentences]Thank you, Speaker. Just a quick clarification for the Senior Minister of State. I thank her and MND for reviewing the BTO eligibility age for singles. I just wanted to ask what are these right conditions that she mentioned in her speech, whether it is certain indicators or macroeconomic factors, or some factors that MND is considering, before taking the action to review the age? Because on the supply and demand side: demand, we do know that there is; and on supply, I think that is something within MND's control.
Ms Sun Xueling163 words
[+2 sentences]I thank the Member for the question. Singles are a very important part of our society. As I have shared, we know that there is unmet demand from singles and in particular, those who are less than 35 years of age. In my speech, I had shared that we will build more, build faster, build better, because we need a larger housing supply, so as to be able to meet the needs of as many Singaporeans as possible. So, the right conditions that I talked about are: we need to build more, build faster, build better. Because with a larger housing supply of BTO flats, we will be able to manage the trade-offs a bit better.[+2 sentences] Because a flat that we allocate to one particular segment of the society means, unfortunately, one flat less to allocate to another segment of the society. So, I would say that what we are very focused on right now is to build as quickly as we can.
Mr Speaker34 words
[+5 sentences]Order. I propose to take a break now. I suspend the Sitting and will take the Chair at 3.35 pm. Sitting accordingly suspended at 3.14 pm until 3.35 pm. Sitting resumed at 3.35 pm.
Mr Deputy Speaker9 words
[+1 sentence]Minister of State Sun Xueling, you have a clarification?
Ms Sun Xueling88 words
[+1 sentence]Thank you, Mr Deputy Speaker, Sir. Earlier in my speech, when I was giving an example of resale flats being available at lower prices in many locations, I had said "a four-room resale flat with at least 40 years remaining".[+1 sentence] That is inaccurate. It should read, a four-room resale flat with at least 70 years remaining on the lease can go for less than $700,000 in locations like Tampines and Punggol, less than $600,000 in Sembawang and Yishun and less than $550,000 in Jurong-West and Woodlands.[+1 sentence] Thank you.
Mr Deputy Speaker4 words
[+1 sentence]Mr Liang Eng Hwa.
Mr Liang Eng Hwa (Bukit Panjang)3107 words
[+4 sentences]Mr Deputy Speaker, today we live in a changed world, just at the time where the fresh team, led by Prime Minister Lawrence Wong has taken over the leadership of the nation. But I can sense the new resolve to tackle the challenges ahead, come what may, and to keep this miracle of Singapore going. Sir, in the new global landscape, we need a new playbook to grow our economy, which will inevitably come with its disruptions and risks. There will be new stresses and anxieties and Singaporeans will need to adjust and adapt in a fast-changing and more unsettling environment. The Government has committed to supporting Singaporeans to ride through this new "disordered" world.[+17 sentences] At the same time, we must double down in our efforts to sustain social mobility as well as protecting the vulnerable among us. And through it all, we can build a stronger social compact and a truly "we" mindset. These are among the areas of priorities outlined by the President on behalf of the Government, which I fully support. Much has been said in the last five days and so for my speech today, I would just focus on two sticky perennial issues, which I would like to add my voice to. Firstly, how do we moderate cost increases? Secondly, how do we reduce job matching friction? I raise both these issues, not because I feel that the Government has not done enough but rather these two issues: cost and jobs, are and will be an unending challenge for Singapore and would, therefore, require continued resolves to tackle them. Firstly, on costs. How can we better moderate cost increases in Singapore? As a tiny resource-scarce city state, where we import almost everything that we need and where our economy is constantly on an overdrive mode, Singapore is inherently more susceptible to price increases than other economies. It is a circumstance that we have to constantly manage and live with. Like almost every economy in the world, the universal approach is to let market forces determine allocations with the use of price as a way to sort out demand and supply. This is by far the most sensible way and it has worked this way for centuries. However, in Singapore's circumstances, prices tend to be more upside elastic because of our greater scarcity, as we do not readily have excess capacity to just ramp up supply where demand are high to moderate price increases. At the same time, due to our remarkable economic progress over the decades, there is a wider disparity now in purchasing power among our consumers. There are people or businesses who are prepared to pay up a lot more or bid higher than others and some in the range of extreme outliers. We see some of that in the Certificate of Entitlement bidding, where supply is limited and hence, prices is the key determinant to allocate the limited number of certificates. To the Government's credit, there are extensive and comprehensive range of subsidies and policy schemes to keep things affordable for Singaporeans.[+2 sentences] Among them the core areas that the Government has committed heavy subsidies are housing, healthcare, education, transport and others. These direct subsidies require substantial and continual fiscal resource to fund and, hence, we must be able to keep generating revenue on a sustainable basis to pay for these items. Since COVID-19, the global inflation has raised prices, underpinned by higher energy, food and commodity prices, and the effects are being felt though the imports that Singaporeans consume daily.[+9 sentences] Fortunately, our strong economic and fiscal fundamentals avail us the Singapore dollar as a broad-base tool to mitigate inflation. But there is a limit as to how much the strong Singapore dollar can strengthen without impacting our export competitiveness. So, we do have to count on other supporting measures. At the same time, domestically, we are also in this necessary transition to uplift wages of fellow Singaporeans, especially the lower-wage workers. This has added cost pressures to businesses and some of which show up in the form of higher prices in products and services. Also, we have also seen land costs increasing fairly steeply in recent years as Singapore continues to command premiums as a business destination and also a much sought-after residential home. The Government has introduced a series of property cooling measures like Additional Buyers Stamp Duties, among others. These are all necessary to cool the market. But besides the indirect measures, we would also need both broad-base and targeted direct measures to assist Singaporeans. The Government has enhanced and upsized a series of cost mitigating measures, like the Community Development Council (CDC) vouchers, among others.[+7 sentences] But we know that such direct assistances cannot be a norm and sometime down the road it has to taper down and wind down, and the pace will depend on the inflationary situation and our fiscal headroom. We, therefore, need to look into more supply-side measures to lower our overall cost structure in Singapore, both through administrative means as well as through improving efficiency as an economic system. I will attempt to share some illustrative examples, not exhaustive by any means. Mr Deputy Speaker, ensuring that we have a competitive business ecosystem is one of the Government’s cost management strategies and a sound way to keep costs and prices in check. While we largely leave to the spontaneity of businesses to evolve the ecosystem, it will also require the Government’s hand, from time to time, to curate, monitor and call out unfair market behaviour to protect consumers' interest. Besides the Competition and Consumer Commission of Singapore, the Consumers Association of Singapore and other consumers’ advocacy groups, MPs have also played a part in the past to call out anti-competitive practices. For example, Parliamentary Questions were raised in the past when we saw retail petrol prices lagging on the downside but quicker to rise on the upside. One area where I would like to use this opportunity to raise and to get some attention from the Government is the escalating costs in the building maintenance and repair area.[+17 sentences] The cost of, for example, repairing seepages in HDB flats has increased significantly. The problem with seepages in buildings is that you cannot really see where the source of leak is with the naked eye. So, there is often some amount of guesswork by the repair contractor. The process usually goes this way. When a seepage is reported during a raining day, the contractor would wait for a dry day to carry out the repair. After the repair, the contractor would wait for the next rainy day to determine if the seepage repair has been effective. If it is not, they would find another dry day to repair on another suspected spot. So, for more difficult and complex seepage situations, the process may go on for a few rounds to the frustrations of residents, who has to bear the inconveniences of multiple appointments and continued seepages. All these would mean costs escalating. Typically, what the contractors would do is to carry out what they call "PU injection", injecting high pressure liquid, polyurethane (PU) chemical, into the suspected cracks in concrete structures hoping that these PUs will plug the gaps and source of the leaks. Sir, these seepage repair contractors are SMEs, they are typically capital-light, they run on very tight cashflows in their business. It would be too much to ask for these companies to invest in costly sophisticated technology to more precisely diagnosed the root causes of seepages, not knowing that they can still win the next contract or next tender. Sir, seepages in older flats is a common wicked problem across HDB estates especially the older flats and I believe the problem requires an industry-wide solution. So, I hope HDB or Building Construction Authority can intervene to find an industry solution. We almost need an Industry Transformation Map of sorts to invest in the research, technology, training so as to improve on the way we can diagnose the source of the seepage. This would help contractors to better able and more accurately repair the seepages in older flats and hence, costing less. Another cause of concern that I would like to raise is the extreme high bids we saw in heartland shop spaces. A case in point is the $52,000 bid for a heartland medical clinic at Tampines.[+4 sentences] Such record-high bids, though not the norm, nevertheless, has the effect of setting new reference benchmarks and may influence future would-be bidders to submit higher bids, leading to upside stickiness in pricing. Other private HDB shops landlord may use this new higher benchmark reference to price up when they renew the rental. While we leave it to markets forces to determine prices, we must drill down if such outlier bids are sustainable in business, and the impact to healthcare costs at the neighbourhood. There must also be a so-called price reasonableness assessment. In response to media queries on the high rental bid at Tampines, HDB said that the bid of $52,188 is significantly higher than the average tendered rent of around $9,800 per month for similar-sized clinics rented out by HDB in 2024. And at that rental, $52,000, it is by far the highest per sq ft rent that HDB has received for general practitioner and dental clinics. I am glad that HDB later announced that it will move to the Price Quality Method (PQM) and as was further elaborated by MND's Senior Minister of State Sun Xueling three days ago in the Parliamentary Question reply.[+2 sentences] Hopefully that will help reduce future occurrences of overly high rental bids. Another case in point is the high rental bid for hawker centres. The National Environment Agency (NEA) received a bid of $10,158 last year in Marine Parade.[+2 sentences] This is way higher than the $1,800 median successful tender price for cooked food stalls in 2023. Again, this may not be the norm, but it could create upside headroom for rental prices to escalate. NEA has since implemented the new rental model to deter overly high tender bids, where the rental adjustment will be staggered when renewed.[+22 sentences] Let us see if this new model works, but I hope that NEA can, in addition, also consider the PQM approach that HDB has adopted. Mr Deputy Speaker, we must be watchful of extreme high bids for retail spaces in the heartland as, in aggregate, it can add more upside cost pressures. Another measure that I hope HDB can consider and look into is to increase the supply of rental spaces in locations where rental bids tend to be high, as the high rental bids may well be due to inadequate retail spaces in high population-density residential town. Prior to the Government's decision to resume building of hawker centres, coffee shops were at one point changing hands in the tens of millions of dollars. But with the hawker centres being built and new supply of retail stalls, we have seen transaction prices of coffeeshops stabilised. So, this is something that if we supply, it can make a difference. I have noticed that in Hong Kong, among the most expensive commercial real estate area, like Central and the Admiralty areas, there will always be side lanes in between the top-grade office properties, where low costs budget retail shops can co-exist. These are the small retail shops when we can find, among the buildings, where you see Hong Kong cafes, or "cha chan teng", selling affordable meal sets, small sundry shops selling low-cost daily grocery items and so on. If the prices or rents of these spaces at these small lanes are to be benchmarked against the valuations of the adjacent premium office buildings, the retail shops would not be able to survive at the affordable prices that they provide. So, perhaps, URA and the Singapore Land Authority can study what administrative measures do the Hong Kong land authority has to allow such dispensation. I know we do have such similar dispensation of sorts where we set aside office spaces in commercial buildings for non-profit use that are for social and community good. But we should expand this programme. I always thought it would be a great idea for Marina Bay to also have a social enterprise-run hawker centre. That would be helpful to the office workers there who wish to have an affordable meal. Sir, let me now move to my second concern, which is, how do we reduce job-matching friction? In this year’s National Day Rally speech, the Prime Minister mentioned jobs as a main focus. At one juncture, he repeated “jobs, jobs, jobs” three times in succession. Despite Singapore having among the lowest unemployment rate in the world and, in fact, we have to count on foreign labour to fill up many of jobs not taken up by Singaporeans, it is very heartening to hear this from the top-of-the-house leadership. It demonstrates once again that when it comes to unemployment, we set very low thresholds of tolerance and we are determined not to leave any jobseekers behind. And that determination is manifested in the whole gamut of policies and the resources the Government has put in place to create jobs to sustain employability. On the demand side, the priority is to grow the economy. On the supply side, the unrelenting endeavor to equip and upskill Singaporeans to take on job opportunities across life stages, starting in schools, during their career life span and even during their senior years. There are literally countless policies, initiatives and schemes in place to support Singaporeans to stay employed and to be employable. We have agencies, like the Workforce Singapore (WSG), SkillsFuture Singapore and e2i, and now the five CDCs will be also roped in to help with local job matching.[+2 sentences] We have done much on either side, the demand and the supply. The part that I hope we do better is how we can match the demand to supply, so that we can see more meaningful employment outcomes. Matching jobs remains an arduous task, more so for workers disrupted by technologies or jobs obsolescence. I have come across displaced mid-career PMETs who took more than one year to find the next job.[+12 sentences] Imagine the stresses and anxieties, as well as the emotional toil and frustrations having to send countless CVs, going for interviews, awaiting outcomes, only to be disappointed again. It saddens me when I see middle-aged PMETs with good work experience, still able, still capable, but having to retire early or to be not meaningfully employed. This is especially so, when now, today, we have our life expectancies, health expectancies are also all increasing. Very often, the skills and experiences that these mid-career PMETs have are actually the skills that the companies are looking for. But, somehow, the match just does not occur. Some of these available jobs are quite general in nature. Some administrative, it could be support roles; some are managerial, which we have no shortage of experienced managers. So, it is not due to the lack of jobs or not lack of skills or experiences, then what are the impediments? I can think of a few. Mismatched expectations; bias, whether is it age or others; inability of the jobseekers to impress the hirers. Singaporeans, some of us may tend to undersell ourselves. Here, I would just want to focus on one particular impediment and, that is, the jobseekers are not being plugged into the employers' hiring network. Job search platforms and agencies, like MyCareerFutures, e2i, WSG, has done a great job, matching jobs for many Singaporeans. But for matching jobs in more senior position where many mid-career PMET jobseekers are looking for, it can be less effective. In such more senior roles, the hirers tend to depend on their own channels to find the candidates, often by way of HR search firms or by their own internal or external referrals.[+14 sentences] The companies may still advertise the jobs on public platforms if they are opening their search to include foreign candidates, as part of MOM requirements. So, they do that too. How do we better match jobs, especially for more senior PMET positions? Firstly, we must help jobseekers plug into the job search network by encouraging companies to open up their search beyond the usual network and genuinely work with agencies, like e2i, WSG and NTUC, to source a wider pool of candidates, and as another source of referrals. Secondly, jobs counsellors, besides helping jobseekers with career advice, CVs and interview preparations, can also show the jobseekers how they can put forward the candidacy more effectively and directly to the companies, as well as right set the expectations. Thirdly, HR managers and HR search firms are the critical conduits, and they must be similarly aligned as well in terms of giving candidates that come from outside their network a chance to be interviewed, for example, and to help the company grow the local core. Sir, in this regard, I would like to revisit a suggestion that I made a couple years ago, which is to increase the Fair Consideration Framework job advertisement period for EPs, from 14 days to 28 days, to allow for sufficient time for companies to consider all candidates fairly. Sir, I do understand that, at the end of the day, job search is a personal undertaking. The jobseekers must have the adaptive and positive mindset to ride through the job search journey and be well-aware and realistic of the changing market landscape. At the policy level, we must resolve to leave no jobseekers behind and help every Singaporeans who wish to be gainfully employed, find their livelihoods. Sir, in conclusion, I have worked in the financial markets sector for all my career life, very much living and breathing markets. I have seen extreme volatilities in markets, very often to the detriment of economies and societies. And I know too well that markets do misbehave from time to time. It may not always bring us to the right place that we desire and that is why often we see central banks and governments intervene to steer the markets to the right pricing. Similarly, in the areas of cost and employment, the Government should not take our eyes off the market forces that are in play and, where necessary, intervene in the best interest of Singapore and Singaporeans.[+2 sentences] We must endeavour to keep cost and prices stable for reasons of our economic competitiveness and affordability, and also to do our best to help every jobseeker find the best opportunity so that they can also live fulfilled lives and take care of their families. Sir, I support the Motion.
Mr Deputy Speaker6 words
[+1 sentence]Senior Minister of State Desmond Tan.
The Senior Minister of State, Prime Minister's Office (Mr Desmond Tan)2590 words
[+31 sentences]Mr Deputy Speaker, I will be speaking on two areas from President Tharman's address: supporting our seniors and artificial intelligence. In the past few months at NTUC, I have focused my work on these two areas. On supporting our senior workers, let me put on record, a big thanks to brother Heng Chee How, who has been supporting and championing our senior workers for the last two decades on behalf of NTUC. Now that he has retired as the most senior labour MP by age, or maybe not the most senior, other than the Secretary-General, I thought I should step in to continue the good work he has done by championing our senior workers for Singapore. Personally, I have also hit two senior milestones very recently: one, becoming eligible to withdraw from my CPF; and two, most proudly welcoming a new daughter-in-law into our family. More importantly, I have always cared deeply about our seniors. I have advocated for many senior residents in Pasir Ris and now I feel very honoured to have the chance to engage a wider and broader segment of senior workers. Listening to their stories, understanding their struggles and also sharing in their aspirations inspire me to do more for them. On the AI front, I have spent the last year diving into this technological wonderland, taking many courses, experimenting with the 10-over AI tools that I have downloaded on my mobile phone. My mission: to learn as fast as I can to drive NTUC's digitalisation efforts and to support business' transformation. I have been visiting many technology companies and attending AI events, which felt like an intense SkillsFuture boot camp, in the last couple of months. So, initially, I planned to speak on these two tech topics separately, but as I reflected more deeply, it dawned on me. Ageing and AI should not be mutually exclusive or stand alone. In fact, they could form a powerful partnership, and that is the idea I want to explore with us here today. Singapore is being shaped by two major shifts. I refer to them as the two AIs. AI, number one, we are familiar, it is artificial intelligence; and AI, number two, ageing individuals. One generates rapid knowledge, the other brings accumulated wisdom. And as the saying goes, knowledge can inform us what is the quickest path up a mountain, but it is wisdom. Wisdom is knowing if the mountain is even worth climbing. AI number one gives us answers very quickly; but wisdom from AI number two helps us to ask the right questions. These two waves are rising quickly. We can either learn to ride them or risk being swept away. For many senior workers, let us face it. Productivity slows, knowledge and technology kept on evolving. But AI can complement our senior workers by giving very updated information and analysis at lightning speed. On the other hand, AI may be game changing, but we also know that it can hallucinate and lead to information overload. Our seniors with years of experience and wisdom can guide the use of AI. The real opportunity lies in bringing these two AIs together, to redefine the future of Singapore's workforce as one that is smarter, more inclusive and future-ready. So, let us take a look at what are the challenges that our senior workers face today and what more can we do to support them? Thankfully, we are not starting from scratch. The tripartite partners have made good progress over the last few decades. We have raised CPF contribution rates and boosted retirement adequacy. We also raised retirement and re-employment ages, so that those who prefer and wish to work longer can do so.[+1 sentence] But as our workforce ages rapidly, we must do more. In our focus group discussions, some of the common issues raised included ageism in hiring practices and selection for training and promotion; affordability of medical costs, coupled with concerns over adequacy of existing medical subsidies; lack of flexible work arrangements to accommodate, especially caregiving; heightened anxiety about job displacements by AI and also, offshoring; and insufficient support for targeted placements and training. NTUC's 2025 Survey on Economic Sentiments revealed that only 43% of senior workers aged 55 and above believed that there were sufficient good jobs for them in the market.[+1 sentence] This compared to 66% for younger workers. Senior workers also face a longer period of unemployment and job search duration of 6.2 months, compared to 4.9 months for the workers on average, and even when they are willing to change vocation and at a lower pay.[+14 sentences] These numbers speak for themselves. That is why in last year’s Budget speech, I urged employers to see mid-career workers beyond their age; to hire more of them; to pay them fairly, based on their skills and experience; to give protected time for their training; and recognise their acquired skillsets. If left unaddressed, age-related bias could discourage labour force participation among senior workers, resulting in a loss of valuable experience in our workforce and institutional knowledge, and worsening Singapore’s manpower challenges. Yet, amid these challenges lies a powerful opportunity. Ageing should not be seen as a liability but as a source of strength. Research, including findings from Harvard Health, shows that older workers often make more rational decisions and demonstrate better judgement. Employers must recognise that this kind of expertise, accumulated from years of experience, is essential for navigating uncertainty and making better business decisions. It is timely for us now to take a fresh look at how we can better support our senior workers. From our engagements, broadly, there are three archetypes of senior workers who need further support. There are those who wish to extend their retirement age and to work for as long as they are healthy and possible. There are those who would like to slow down, maybe have some flexibility to contribute back meaningfully to the workplace and to society. There is also a group who finds it very difficult to re-enter the workforce when they lose their jobs and they need targeted support. So, let me share two real-life encounters that I had over the last couple of weeks. At one of the Tripartite Work Group dialogues, I met a gentleman in his 50s. Despite a strong track record in various multinational companies, he was retrenched, twice, within four years.[+10 sentences] While actively looking for a job, he is also having to look after his elderly parents-in-law and support their children through their tertiary education. Even after lowering his salary expectations, his applications have not been successful, and we are still supporting him. The second story has a better ending. Recently, I met Ms Lim Kai Ning, the young co-founder of Courage Chapter, a startup that helps senior professionals transition into their next chapter through meaningful projects and roles that tap into their skills and experience. Her journey began not with a business plan, but with a rather deep, personal experience. Her father retired nine years ago in his 50s and like many, he looked forward to a well-deserved rest. But just six months into retirement, he felt less engaged and contemplating a strong desire to contribute back to the society. He wanted more balance in his life and decided to work part-time while pursuing his hobbies, and today, he teaches three days a week at a local university and advises on operations for a friend’s F&B business and is more fulfilled than ever. This experience inspired Kai Ning to start Courage Chapter, to help other seniors tap into their wealth of experience while enjoying flexible work arrangements. The courage to work should be celebrated and we can do more to scale these efforts. NTUC is working with our tripartite partners to ensure that our senior workers have the options, the flexibility and the dignity at work, as we navigate the future of work shaped by AI.[+1 sentence] As industries transform, our senior workers should be given fair access to training and upskilling opportunities so they can adapt and continue contributing meaningfully. The Tripartite Workgroup on Senior Employment, which I co-chair alongside MOM and the Singapore National Employers' Federation, are working closely to identify some practical solutions. And from the problem statements I have stated and the stories I have told, Members have an idea, we have some plans in mind. But we will share the findings and plans next year.[+7 sentences] Let me turn to AI. We have heard a lot from Members in this Chamber and we are also hearing concerns from workers, particularly in white-collar professions across sectors in ICT, in finance and media, and even freelancers about their anxiety over job security. Globally, we witnessed labour disputes arising from the adoption of AI. Last year, I spoke about the Hollywood Writers’ Guild Association and this year, in fact, the SAG-Aftra video games actors were on strike that only ended in July 2025 after a year-long protest against AI. At NTUC, our response to AI is not to protect jobs from disruptions. Instead, our vision is to help our workers to thrive in the AI economy, by ensuring a just transition, supporting business transformation and upskilling our workforce. Just as we lifted workers through the computer revolution in the 1980s, the rise of Internet in the 2000s, we will ensure that no worker will be left behind, including and especially, all our senior workers. The NTUC Company Training Committee (CTC) Grant has been a valuable resource for companies to implement AI initiatives.[+21 sentences] For example, SBS Transit used the CTC Grant to implement an AI-powered tyre management system, turning a manual process into a digitalised, predictive one. This significantly reduced man-hours and enabled technicians to do higher-value jobs, improving their wages and job prospects. Brother Mazri bin Masrah, a 52-year-old technician, successfully transitioned through this AI transformation in SBS Transit. After spending about 18 years as a driver, he became a bus technician and completed a work-study diploma sponsored by SBS Transit. He was then selected to be a diagnostic expert, a new career scheme developed by SBS Transit to upskill their technician workforce. With structured training, he now uses AI-powered tools, like the automated Tyre Management System, to boost productivity and sharpen his technical skills. His journey shows how older workers can thrive in a tech-enabled environment with the right support and opportunities. Let me cite another example within the NTUC family. At the Ong Teng Cheong Labour Leadership Institute, we are piloting an AI research assistant to streamline research and in future, maybe even curriculum design. One affected key staff is Ms Ng Yuen Jiuan, or we know her affectionately as Jiuan. With over 30 years of service in the Labour Movement, Jiuan is widely respected for her deep institutional knowledge and resourcefulness in extracting and presenting historical data. Even in her late-60s, instead of resisting the AI tool that might potentially replace her job, Jiuan continues to embrace lifelong learning and took the initiative to upskill herself with the latest tech skills. Working alongside younger teammates, Jiuan leveraged her experience to identify gaps, accuracy of AI results and propose improvements to the system. Through her quiet resilience and collaborative spirit, she not only contributes valuable insights in the process, but also mentors and inspires her younger colleagues. Jiuan’s story highlights how multi-generational collaboration efforts fuels innovation and stronger team outcomes. It is a reminder that experience, adaptability and willingness to learn are strategic assets in building a future-ready workforce. Before I conclude, let me leave Members with three calls to action. First, to employers, let us invest in older workers. Do not choose between AI and age. Choose both. Together, they can bring great value to your business. To our Government, I hope you continue to support NTUC, particularly in our "AI-Ready SG" movement, which is a one-stop initiative that integrates resources from tripartite partners and the ecosystem to help our workers and businesses bridge the AI gap.[+25 sentences] To our senior workers, let us be bold to embrace technology and AI, learn and apply ourselves, so that we can be ready for the new AI economy. Mr Deputy Speaker, I will now speak in Mandarin, please. (In Mandarin): Mr Deputy Speaker, I just mentioned in my English speech that AI represents two key topics, "Artificial Intelligence" and "Ageing Individuals". Can ageing individuals keep up with artificial intelligence? The answer is, with AI and with love, we definitely can do it! As long as everyone: has a love for learning, a love for asking questions and a fighting spirit. First, love for learning. All AI tools are becoming increasingly simple. By using mobile phones, voice commands and taking photos, we can ask questions and learn. Language is not a barrier; AI can communicate in most of the world's languages. With a love for learning, we can make meaningful progress and enhance work efficiency. Second, love for asking questions. Curiosity matters – regardless of age. AI is not afraid of your questions. It is only fears that you would not ask. AI is like an encyclopaedia in your hands, ready to provide answers anytime. This also proves that technology is making knowledge more accessible, no longer a privilege reserved for a select few. Technology will help more workers improve both in their work and lives. Third, a fighting spirit. AI provides information but critical thinking depends on ourselves, especially the experience and judgement of our senior workers. Innovation is not a miracle, but the commitment to doing better tomorrow. As long as we are willing to work hard, willing to think and willing to do better, I believe we will thrive in the AI economy. Deputy Speaker, fellow Parliamentarians and fellow workers, AI is not the exclusive domain of young people; it is a tool for all of us. On this journey of learning and transformation, NTUC will be everyone's steadfast partner, providing practical support and companionship. We will approach this from three areas. First, ensure all workers have fair opportunities for transition. Second, provide all workers with the necessary training to acquire new skills. Third, support businesses in their AI transformation to enhance competitiveness.[+1 sentence] Finally, let us embrace AI and also honour our older selves. With AI and love, the future is ours. : Let me end by sharing an article I came across in Forbes that got me thinking. It is titled "How Gen AI could give us back at least 40% of our time".[+10 sentences] The article went on to explain a growing reality that AI can increase productivity by automating administrative processes, research and even content creation. I can imagine the time savings, but I am not sure about the 40%, although I wished it is the case. The question for us to ponder is if AI can give us X% of time, say 20%, 30% or 40%. What will we do with it? Brother Arvin Tang from the Tech Talent Assembly also asked a similar question last week at the Amazon Web Services Fireside Chat. If you think about it, we could reinvest this time to grow our business, to work even harder to pursue our career goals, or we could spend time volunteering doing something meaningful, serving our community. But deep down, I hope we, and especially our seniors, could live a more balanced life. Cherishing time with family and friends, learning something new and pursuing our passions. This is the true purpose and promise of technology when paired with human intelligence, not just doing more but doing better, together. Sir, I support the Motion.
Mr Deputy Speaker3 words
[+1 sentence]Mr Vikram Nair.
Mr Vikram Nair (Sembawang)2736 words
[+25 sentences]Mr Deputy Speaker, the President's address charts the path ahead for the Government in this term. The President stated in his address, our first priority is to secure our home and safeguard Singapore's place in the world. My speech is structured around the theme of security. Global security, domestic security and, finally, job security. Over the course of my 14 years in this House, I have spent a decade each in the Government Parliamentary Committees (GPCs) of Defence, Foreign Affairs, Home Affairs and Law, and continue in two GPCs this term. The foci of these GPCs are Singapore's external and internal security, respectively. As union advisor, I know job security is a matter close to every worker's heart. I, therefore, address these three matters. First, global security. Over the last three decades, the global security situation has fundamentally changed. Following the end of the Cold War, historian Francis Fukuyama wrote a book on "The End of History" which suggested that liberal democracy had triumphed over communism and the world could continue to look forward to peaceful prosperity. The inevitable communist revolution that Karl Marx had predicted had not come to pass and hence, the historic dialectic of history had ended. This did not mean conflict had ended but with the triumph of America in the Cold War, we had a unipolar world and the triumph of a rules-based liberal world order. Where there were breaches of our fundamental norms of international law, say, in relation to armed conflict, the idea of collective security and international action against the aggressor was real. Examples of these included the First Gulf War, where Kuwait was liberated following the invasion by Iraq; and the war in Afghanistan following the 9/11 attacks on the World Trade Centre. The Second Gulf War with Iraq, on the basis that it had weapons of mass destruction, was more controversial as there were disagreements on whether Iraq's conduct triggered the requirements for collective response. However, again, the message was clear. If you breach the fundamental norm of international law, collective response was a real possibility. Actions like this would have had a strong deterrent effect on would-be aggressors. Many countries cut back on military spending following the end of the Cold War and the reliability of the United States (US) deterrent may have accelerated this process. Countries that had conscript programs, including in Europe, South Korea and Taiwan, cut back on these and military spending in most of Europe was cut back. People were indeed enjoying the peace dividend. However, war is an expensive business. The US had taken up the mantle of global policeman and incurred significant expenses. President Obama inherited one of the largest deficits in US history and gradual cut back in US military spending began, which would mean being more careful with foreign interventions. In 2012, the Russian invasion of Crimea, while met with international condemnations and sanctions, did not meet with collective military response or anything stronger.[+8 sentences] Some analysts believe this gave Russia more confidence that its current attack on Ukraine would go similarly without significant international resistance. During the first Trump presidency, there was a view that China was a developing power and security gets particularly dangerous when a rising power threatens the incumbent. Thucydides, the Greek historian who wrote about the war between Athens and Sparta, was often referred to for the proposition that a confrontation between a rising power and a dominant one could lead in military confrontation. There were several potential flashpoints at the time including over Taiwan and the South China Sea. If there was a military confrontation between the US and China, the whole world would be impacted by the fallout. From the US point of view at the time, the earlier the confrontation, the more likely would it be to triumph, rather than allowing China to catch up with its faster growing economy. Luckily, this military confrontation never happened. I would also suggest that such a confrontation is less likely to happen. Instead, the US appears to be in a position of what writers McDonald and Joseph wrote in "Twilight of the Titans" as a retrenchment, a position of gradual withdrawal from its dominant position on the world stage. It will still remain an important and influential force but it cannot be counted on to come to the defence of other countries or right every wrong of international law.[+1 sentence] This is what seems to be playing out both in Ukraine and in the Middle East. The implications of this are important, particularly for small countries, like Singapore. It means that in the event of war, no matter how wrongful the conduct of the aggressor, we still cannot count on anyone else to come to our defence. We need to be in a position to fight for ourselves against any potential aggressor.[+18 sentences] Allies remain important, though, in the case of Ukraine, it would not have been able to continue this war for so long without financial and weapon support from the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) countries. While none of them are sending boots on the ground, their assistance remains important. As between allies too, those who have most to lose from your defeat are likely to have a stronger incentive to help you. In the case of Ukraine, it is its European allies who are closer to it that are now playing a more important role in continuing to support its war efforts. The US remains important in resuming weapon supplies but it has not made significant fresh financial commitments. The reality is that Singapore is a small country and we never know who our potential aggressor could be. Sometimes, your closest allies today may turn aggressors tomorrow, as was the case between Russia and Ukraine. Your aggressors could also come from very far away, as was the case in World War II when we were invaded by Japan. An important bulwark against this, in addition to being fully prepared to defend ourselves, is to build a wide set of relationships, both diplomatic and defence-related. Having a wide range of allies means that there are more potential countries that could be aligned with you and willing to help if the situation calls for it. In Singapore's case, natural counterparts would be other countries in Southeast Asia and, potentially, Japan and Korea, which are both advanced Asian economies with strong research and development capabilities for potential defence technologies. I think an important priority for this term of Government will be to include our investments in our own defence and our diplomatic and defence relations in the region. The second aspect I wish to discuss is domestic security. Singapore prides itself on having one of the lowest crime rates in the world. Singapore is one of the safest cities in the world and our citizens have no fear of walking alone at night or even leaving valuables like mobile phones around to chope dining tables at eateries. Despite this, though, the surge of organised crime lurks beneath the surface. Two major issues are drugs and scams. Both of these originate from abroad. Recent reports describe scam centres operating from Shan state in Myanmar, where scammers are usually victims of human trafficking.[+4 sentences] The same area was also associated with the growing of opium and the trade in heroin. These stories are horrifying and as the victims of these scams are all over the world, I think stronger transnational cooperation and coordination is needed to deal with these international syndicates, especially where crime originates from areas of states that may be beyond the control of the government of the country involved. Within Singapore, our war on drugs has generally been successful because of the combination of strong laws, effective enforcement and swift justice. Drug traffickers know that Singapore is not to be trifled with. Despite this, the threat and power of organised syndicates remain and the recent spike with Kpod and etomidate shows these syndicates exploiting a rare chink in our armour. Essentially, a substance that was not previously classified or used as a drug, etomidate, started becoming used as one, with similar effects of addicts losing control of themselves and suffering serious side effects, including suicidal tendencies and violence, as Senior Minister of State Dr Muhammad Faishal Ibrahim, shared this morning.[+8 sentences] I believe lax penalties for sellers led to the initial spike in sales of both vapes and etomidate. Interestingly, ketamine, which was also a compound component of Kpod, but classified as a drug, did not see such a large spike, which suggests the classification of the substance as a drug makes a difference for the sellers' behaviour and its proliferation. Around the same time, The Straits Times was running a series of stories on Kpod. I had met a resident at my meet-the-people session, who shared the story of her son who was struggling with Kpod addiction. She wanted her son to get treatment but under the laws as it then stood, the Health Sciences Authority could only confiscate the vapes and issue a fine. In the end, the parent paid the fine and the son got fresh vapes. The son displayed all the traits of a drug addict, including trying to get high on a daily basis, being unable to concentrate in school and threatening violence or suicide if the vapes were to be taken. This, coupled with the articles I read at the time, suggested etomidate should be classified as a drug and I made this suggestion. I am grateful the Government moved swiftly and decisively on this even before Parliament resumed. I am concerned, though, that the classification of etomidate as a drug is only temporary and that we have announced an end date of February 2026.[+8 sentences] I think it is important for us to set out clearly what will happen once we get to this stage next year. If there is a public step down in the seriousness with which we treat this, barely months after the crackdown, that may signal to traffickers that it is safe to resume business once again. I understand, for Minister of Health Ong Ye Kung, that new legislation is contemplated under MOH deal with this matter but if the penalties and measures appear to be a step down from what is available under the Misuse of Drugs Act, this may still send the wrong signal to traffickers. This episode with etomidate also reveals the potent force of our laws and also what happens if a drug-like substance is not captured by them. I think we may need to consider if we need more flexible laws which not only have a list of banned substances but also sets out some general principles of when a hitherto, unclassified substance may be considered a drug, say, if it meets certain objective requirements. This general provision may help to capture new substances and allow Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) to move more swiftly when new substance comes into circulation. In relation to scams, while the prospect of waging wars in foreign countries with the operators of scam centres may be a stretch too far for Singapore to do alone, I think it is important for us to take all available steps against the arms and legs of scam operators. This was similar to the approach taken to combat unlicensed money lending more than a decade ago which has almost eradicated the threat from our heartlands. The latest legislative changes on this front have been to take action against those who provide bank accounts and otherwise facilitate scammers.[+1 sentence] However, many scams are also being done on social media platforms, including Facebook and Telegram. Telegram, in particular, I understand, is being used both as a platform to sell vapes and etomidate, as well as to reach out to people to provide bank accounts to facilitate scams. Facebook, on the other hand, has had pages impersonating Government officials and promoting dubious investments and it seems, from recent news reports, they have been used for government impersonation scams. I think MHA should consider if it needs more levers to deal with social media platforms and other means that scam operators use to reach out to victims and if so, in this term of Government, to bring in legislation to do so.[+6 sentences] We are one of the safest countries in the world but in the face of organised transnational crime, we need to remain on our guard and deal with ever-evolving threats. In the last part of my speech, I touch on a deeply personal matter for many Singaporeans, job security. The President's address sets out the challenges Singapore faces in a changed world, in particular, with a looming trade war sparked by US tariffs and the rise of AI. One major risk to Singaporeans from these developments is the loss of jobs. Singapore has generally had a very low unemployment rate. While we were expecting an economic slowdown, this has not materialised yet and the latest labour market report for the second quarter of 2025 shows a resilient labour market. The report shows total employment growth and that unemployment rates have remained at 2%.[+10 sentences] The incidence of retrenchments are also low. Notwithstanding that, the long-term issues remain. Undergraduates are taking longer to get jobs. The Government has introduced a slew of well thought through initiatives to address these matters. This includes the great programme to assist fresh graduates to get work experience if they have difficulty getting jobs. The idea of governments paying private employers to reduce their risk in hiring fresh graduates is a novel support solution. Likewise, the Mid-career SkillsFuture Grant is there as a support cushion for those who may lose jobs or need to upgrade later in life. Over my years in this House, I have also spoken up for stronger labour protection in our laws. I had suggested legislating anti-discrimination laws and retrenchment benefits. The Government has moved forward on these, initially through the tripartite framework, with guidelines on both. Anti-discrimination laws have since been enshrined in our Workplace Fairness Act.[+15 sentences] Stronger labour laws change the relationship and negotiating positions as between employers and employees. Generally, having less legislation creates a freer market with employers having less inhibitions to hire and employees having less incentives to stay at an employer. This, however, may result in a more transactional relationship between both, resulting in less willingness for employers to invest in employees since they may leave after being trained and less downside for employees for leaving. On the other hand, if there is legislation that, for example, gives employees legislated redundancy or retirement benefits, employees will have less incentive to leave their employer since these benefits generally kick in only when the employee is made redundant or retired. These may be linked to their years in service, typically say anywhere from a week to a month worth of pay per year of service. This creates incentives for employees to stay with their employer and for employers to invest in their employees for a long-term relationship. Legislated retirement benefits is a suggestion to pay employees at the time they retire, a sum based on their years in service. Similar to a redundancy benefit in concept, save that it will be paid to all employees at the time of retirement. This would reduce some of the "cliff" effect that long serving employees currently face in that if they are made redundant before they are 65, they are likely to get a substantial payout pegged to each year of service, based on the current guidelines. On the other hand, if they are made redundant after 65, say, when they are re-employed, they will not get any redundancy benefits. On the other hand, if retirement benefits are legislated, every employee knows they will get a good payout at the time they reach retirement age and the cliff effect will not be there. The upshot of these suggested changes is to gently incentivise longer term relationship between employers and employees by tying financial incentives to long-term employment. This will also hopefully give employees more security in their employment and some guarantees of payouts in the event they lose their jobs. Mr Deputy Speaker, in my speech, I have shared some thoughts on global security, domestic security and finally, job security. I support the President’s address and look forward to supporting the work of the Government in overcoming the challenges in the years ahead.
Mr Deputy Speaker3 words
[+1 sentence]Ms Hany Soh.
Ms Hany Soh (Marsiling-Yew Tee)492 words
[+6 sentences]Mr Deputy Speaker, I rise to thank President Tharman Shanmugaratnam and speak in support of His Excellency’s address. As we look back in our nation’s formation journey, Singapore has indeed been on a "remarkable journey". To me, ours is also a never-ending journey because this House can, and will always strive to do better for our Singaporeans. I pause at this juncture, to register my utmost gratitude towards all who have given me the opportunity and support to continue in this journey as a Member of this 15th Parliament. Especially to my Woodgrove residents. Thank you for entrusting me with this honour to renew my commitment of service. Five years ago in my maiden Parliamentary speech, I shared with this House my GEL mission to co-create a brighter future for Woodgrove, where "G" pertains to green living initiatives to sustain our environment; "E" for embracing parenthood to support our families; and "L" for law awareness to empower our community.[+3 sentences] With the support of our residents and working hand in hand with our ever-supportive community partners, we turned those missions into reality and built an active, vibrant Woodgrove where residents are proud to call home. Today, I want to build on this foundation, drawing inspiration from the Draft Master Plan 2025 and the Prime Minister’s recent National Day Rally to transform the northern parts of Singapore, where Marsiling-Yew Tee GRC is situated, into a more family-friendly and senior-friendly, live, work, learn and play hub, while ensuring our residents can realise their Singapore dreams through determination, passion and lifelong learning. During the National Day Rally, Prime Minister dispelled the myth that the North is "ulu". As Prime Minister's fellow Marsiling-Yew Tee MP, I, too, seek to assure fellow Singaporeans, that not only is the North not "ulu", but the planned developments will further transform the north "into a modern and vibrant regional centre." We will be welcome many exhilarating projects in the pipeline, such as the commencement of Johor Bahru-Singapore Rapid Transit System Link operation next year, which will be an additional land link to Malaysia; the expansion of the Woodlands Checkpoint to shorten clearance waiting times, reducing traffic congestion, yet enhancing security; including also the redevelopment of Kranji race course into a new major housing development project, just to name a few.[+1 sentence] But I want to take this opportunity to share a few additional ideas and suggestions which I have received from my Woodgrove residents to transform our north even further. With the Sports School relocating as part of the Kallang Alive Masterplan, many of the residents have expressed a pity if the site is converted to be yet another housing project. Instead, we should try our best to retain as many of the state-of-the-art facilities there as possible, and convert the facility into a recreational hub for the benefit of the residents. One resident even remarked, "If we have a Downtown East Singapore, why can we not have an "Uptown North" here?"
[Mr Speaker in the Chair]2061 words
[+81 sentences]I further suggest that the premises can be enhanced further to incorporate green and sustainable solutions, supporting family health and bonding, including ageing-in-place. Additionally, Yishun Innova junior college will be relocated back to its permanent site in Woodgrove and open its doors at the newly upgraded campus in 2028. It would be an opportune juncture for MOE to also consider whether an ITE can be built in the near future in the new Kranji town, offering an even broader variety of tertiary education options for the youths living in the north. Mr Speaker, I turn now to the topic on fertility support, an embracing parenthood cause close to my heart. In 2022, I filed an Adjournment Motion titled "Celebrating SG Families: Embracing Parenthood through Live, Work and Play". In November 2024, I participated in the debate of the Child Development Co-Savings (Amendment) Bill during its Second Reading. In February earlier this year, I moved a Motion with my Parliamentary colleague Mr Zhulkarnain titled "Supporting Singaporeans in Starting and Raising Families". This Motion was passed successfully. During the Committee of Supply in April this year, I spoke on fertility support for first-time parents. Today, I wish to highlight the need for more support for aspiring parents at the workplace. As highlighted repeatedly, the total fertility rate (TFR) fell to a historic low in 2023. In 2024, the TFR remained at 0.97. This existential crisis we face is not over. I refer to the 2025 study conducted by Fertility Support Singapore with Milieu, "Findings revealed that when it comes to facing fertility struggles in the workplace, stigma forces employees into silence, fertility treatments come at a career cost, and workplaces remain lacking in fertility support measures and benefits." As a matter of policy, surely, we can do more. From the perspective of the existential crisis we face, definitely, we must do more. The fertility journey is tough, beginning with the first stage of trying to conceive naturally, which, if unsuccessful, leads to seeking medical advice, and only where suitable can couples embark on initial treatment options, such as in vitro fertilisation. The journey does not end there, as pregnancy may still elude the couple, or in the case of successful conception would then require the couple to take extreme care to minimise the risk of pregnancy loss. Along this journey, couples face a gamut of challenges – physical, emotional, financial and career wise. Crucially, the employee’s experience at work can make or break their dedication to work, fertility treatment, or both. It saddens me when I read some of the comments submitted to Fertility Support Singapore’s sensing poll. My boss joked, "Maybe you're just not meant to be a parent", and my boss demanded two weeks' notice for follicle scans." Mr Speaker, not only are such comments insensitive and unsupportive to an employee who is undergoing a challenging journey, they can feel like personal attacks. On the other hand, there are examples that are positive that we can follow from. Fortunate employees have also shared and reported that fertility benefits are a talent magnet. I quote some of their comments: “When my CEO shared her IVF story, I knew I’d stay; Egg freezing benefits showed they get it; Emotional and mental support to make the journey less lonely and hard to bear.” This need not be a zero-sum situation. Indeed, with the right mindset and support, I am certain that everybody can and will "win". To be clear, I am not at all saying that work exigencies ought to always be deprioritised at the workplace. However, the starting point cannot be the trivialisation or dismissal of an employee’s legitimate fertility efforts, and especially not by responding with insensitive remarks or personal attacks. On this note, I assure all aspiring parents who are on your fertility journey or going to embark on the same, that my fellow PAP Women’s Wing Members of Parliament and I will never stop advocating for greater support for all of you. I take this opportunity to also exhort employers to review your existing fertility support policies, or if none exists at this juncture, please urgently implement one. For example, Fertility Support Singapore's Guidebook for Employers to Support Employees Facing Fertility Challenges could be a viable resource to begin with. As Deputy Chairperson of the Education GPC, I am committed to ensuring access to education at all life stages. I shared with this House previously that the late E W Barker once said, "Education should always seek to find and nurture the best in every student, inspiring him to contribute confidently and fully in the area of his own capabilities, rather than made to feel useless and ashamed for not having made it to the top of the school." The intent behind the "generational shift" away from competition based on grades, such as by revising the Primary School Leaving Examination scoring system and those as shared by Minister Desmond Lee in his speech yesterday is laudable. Notwithstanding this, we ought to keenly observe and assess whether the policy objectives have been met, or will be met. Along the way, we will make the policy and legislative refinements in furtherance of those objectives. I say this because the policy intent cannot be met solely by MOE’s efforts alone. It will take every stakeholder's hands to clap. As a society, and especially by parents of school-going children, the change in mindset must follow. Otherwise, we risk reducing the policy improvements to merely changes in labelling, which would result in a distinction without a difference. On this front, some of my residents have confided in me and shared that despite MOE’s efforts, the practical experience and effects have not or at least do not feel like they have changed much, if at all. Generation after generation, parents, children, and employers have participated in a race defined by academic achievements. The change in mindset will not be engendered overnight, not least because a shift in mindset could mean dropping out of the “arms race”, as mentioned by the Prime Minister in his speech two days ago. Should we encourage our children to pursue their passions and dreams, even if these are unconventional or may not lead to what are perceived as the best employment prospects or best jobs? Does this mean we should do away with or reduce the number of tuition as well as enrichment classes now, or when? What if nobody else does so, and my child ends up having to return to the race with a handicap? These are some of the questions that naturally and frequently arise in many Singaporean parents’ minds. In a society that has become more frenetic, and competition more toxic, as Singaporeans seek to outdo one another, we have become more anxious and stressed, and worse, we pass this on to our children. But I share the same sentiment with the Prime Minister that families, should not feel they are stuck on a treadmill running harder and harder in a bid to avoid falling behind. There needs to be a broader definition of success in Singapore that goes beyond narrow metrics of academic and material. Mr Speaker, this vision of a broader definition of success, where we encourage our children to pursue their passions, brings me to my next point: ensuring that education financing supports this shift by enabling access to a wider range of courses that reflect diverse aspirations. In Mandarin, please. (In Mandarin): Presently, the CPF Education Loan Scheme allows an Ordinary Account owner to use his or her savings to pay for tuition fees for full-time MOE-subsidised courses. The other option comes in the form of MOE's Tuition Fee Loan. Loan coverage is up to 75% for eligible diploma courses, and up to 90% for undergraduate programmes. However, as we encourage our children to pursue their passions, be it in fields like performing arts, environmental design, or emerging technologies like AI and digital media – the current scope of eligible courses under these schemes is too restrictive. Many passion-driven programs, such as those offered by private institutions or specialized academies, fall outside MOE-subsidised categories, leaving several parents I met in Woodgrove sharing their concerns with me of their struggle to finance these aspirations of their children. I urge the Government to broaden the scope of eligible courses under the CPF Education Loan Scheme and Tuition Fee Loan and for more banks to likewise follow suit, to include programs that nurture diverse talents – whether in the arts, vocational trades, or innovative fields. We could consider accrediting high-quality courses from private institutions or expanding subsidies for lifelong learning modules. By doing this, we can truly help learners at different stages, supporting the youth to pursue their dreams and older people to continue learning, hence building a more inclusive education system that support Singaporeans to follow their passion without financial worries. : Mr Speaker, I now turn to public health, a pressing concern for Woodgrove and Singapore. Persistent issues, like pigeon feeding, rat infestations and mosquito-borne diseases, continue to challenge our communities, particularly affecting households with young children, seniors and even those with immunocompromised individuals. Pigeons, carriers of diseases, like salmonella and ornithosis, create nuisances through droppings. On land, NEA reported that over 1,000 enforcement actions against rat infestations took place in 2024, nearly double the 670 actions in 2023, as rats pose risks through their urine, droppings and fleas. Meanwhile, notwithstanding that dengue cases have reduced significantly over the years, the Communicable Diseases Agency noted a rise in Chikungunya cases: 21 by August 2025, compared to 10 in 2024, transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes, the same vector for dengue. During my house visits and community events in Woodgrove, residents repeatedly shared their concerns about these issues despite intensified preventive and enforcement efforts by the community and agencies. While these efforts are commendable, they often address symptoms rather than root causes, leaving families worried about health risks. To tackle these challenges more effectively, I urge the Government to explore innovative solutions, particularly putting in more resources to leverage on technology to identify and address the root causes of these public health issues swiftly. For instance, deploying more AI-powered surveillance systems, such as smart cameras or sensors, that could map pigeon and rat activity in real-time, pinpointing breeding hotspots or food sources, like improper waste disposal. Earlier this month, Singapore University of Technology and Design announced that it has developed Singapore’s first robot that can detect mosquito breeding sites and spray repellents. We should encourage and support our town councils to roll out more innovative ideas aiming to significantly reduce manpower, time and safety risks to resolve these challenging municipal issues and I, for one, certainly hope that in the near future one day, we can have a robot rat catcher. Moreover, technology should enhance community engagement. Over the years, we have been encouraging residents to use OneService App to report municipal issues, such as pest sightings, instantly for the relevant agency’s rapid follow up. However, we often receive residents’ feedback that while the platform appears to update that the matter has been followed up and, thus, the case is marked as closed, these issues continue to recur. It will be helpful if we can continue to look into reviewing how such interactive apps can be better enhanced and allowing opportunities for the residents to be kept regularly updated on the efforts made by the agencies in resolving the issue and how each of us can contribute towards resolving such issues. Mr Speaker, OneService App should provide a "one stop" solution to ensure that feedback is promptly followed up and municipal problems can be properly resolved expeditiously. By addressing root causes proactively as a community, we can create safer, healthier environments for our families and seniors. As a member of the Sustainability and Environment GPC and Action for Green Town Champion for Marsiling-Yew Tee Town Council, I will continue to engage our residents, relevant agencies and partners to drive these innovations and improve public health conditions, ensuring our communities thrive in line with our collective vision. Mr Speaker, I conclude my speech by appealing to our Marsiling-Yew Tee GRC residents, particularly my Woodgrove residents and fellow Singaporeans, please never hesitate to reach out to me to share your thoughts, your ideas and your aspirations. You will always have a friend in me.
[+14 sentences]Mr Speaker, Sir, I rise in support of the Motion. Over the course of this week, many have spoken about how we can become a "we first" society. Many have suggestions on how our Government can do more or better. On behalf of the Government, I would like to thank everyone for your suggestions. Our Public Service will certainly study all these suggestions and especially the new ideas. As I listened to all the speeches, it struck me that all of us share pretty much the same objectives. We want a fairer society, we want to give opportunities to everyone regardless of their background. We want a Singapore that will not only survive, but thrive. And, most importantly, we want to give our best to the next generation. We may differ here and there on some details and those we can discuss. Sometimes, our differences are not as large as we make them out to be and certainly, none of us have a monopoly on care, compassion or fairness. I think that we can agree. But ultimately, true victory for us is not about winning arguments in this House. True victory for us is winning the trust of our people, uplifting lives and delivering a better future for all of us; or in Chinese, we would say: "口舌之争, 胜负一时, 行动耕耘, 造就一世", which means, arguments bring momentary victory; actions forge lifetime success. As the Prime Minister has said during his National Day Rally speech, a "we first" society is not something that the Government can force or direct.[+5 sentences] It will be up to all of us, as fellow Singaporeans, to encourage each other to step forward and take responsibility for one another. As mentioned, “we first” does not mean there being no place for individual aspirations or expressions. Instead, it is about mobilising the full spectrum of our society’s capabilities, creativity and commitment to overcome our challenges ahead. Our Government will continue to lead where it must and can. We will strive to do more and do better. But having said that, we are realistic enough to know that our Government cannot do it all, and certainly not alone. We aspire to evolve from delivering for Singaporeans to also delivering with Singaporeans.[+18 sentences] I always remember this that was taught to me since young. No one can do everything, but everyone can do something. Together, we can overcome anything. In his speech earlier, Mr Zhulkarnain Abdul Rahim spoke about chess and its life lessons for his son and Singapore. It inspired me to think about the game of weiqi, a board game played with white and black pieces. The aim of the game is to fence off more territory than the opponent. However, unlike chess, weiqi pieces are all the same and are used similarly in the game. Just like the weiqi pieces, our individual efforts may be insignificant, but together, all of us play a part and any one of us can be that strategic piece in the evolving formation to win the game as the circumstances evolve. Perhaps, that is the Singapore that we can all aspire to. Today, I will share my reflections on ways we can deliver with our people and progress towards a "we first" society. Let me first start with security. The world has changed, yes. The world will change even more and faster in the years to come. We must prepare ourselves for a much wider range of scenarios than ever before, including dangerous discontinuities. We should not count on assumptions that have guided us for decades, nor should we expect other countries to respect international laws and norms as in the past. The question is: how do we anticipate, pre-empt and respond collectively? I say collectively, because I think all of us can and need to contribute. And if I may, I can suggest four lines of effort for all of us. First, understand the world deeply; second, create propositions for us to remain relevant; third, maintain our cohesion; and fourth, uphold our principles.[+4 sentences] Let me begin with understanding the world deeply. Compared to the past, we all can now access much more information and travel more widely. However, we must not fall into the trap of our own echo chamber to confirm our own biases. There will also be no shortage of external influences that attempt to shape our views and hopefully our positions. To safeguard ourselves from being pulled apart in different directions, we will need to understand our own national interests, read and think deeply, speak widely to different people to understand their perspectives and agenda and also to access content with discernment.[+3 sentences] We have seen this being played out over the Russian-Ukraine conflict, the situation in the Middle East and even closer to home, in the conflicts and contestations that have happened of late. Only when we deeply understand ourselves and the world we are operating in, can we come up with propositions that are relevant for our partners so that we can be of value-add in the relationship. It is a discipline to not just view or read what the search engine algorithms throw at us. It is also a discipline to seek out fresh perspectives with all the people we meet in our travels, to hopefully bring back new ideas and stress test our own assumptions. And this is why I have consistently encouraged our students in the Institutes of Higher Learning and our Public Service officers who have the opportunity to travel overseas, to go beyond the beaten path, go beyond the guided tour that the Embassy can organise.[+11 sentences] I do not need them to write long reports when they come back. Just come back with a fresh perspective, a new idea that can enrich us. I learned this when I was younger and I was deployed to Indonesia after the Fall of Suharto, where our greatest fear was what would happen to this big country. We made it a discipline to travel out of Jakarta at least seven days a month. We made sure that we covered as many provinces and as many regional commands as we could, making new friends, understanding the diversity of perspective and never kid ourselves that just because we have been to Jakarta and Bali, that therefore we seem to understand Indonesia. And today, that same principle must apply – just because we have been to Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, it does not mean that we understand China; and just by going to California and New York does not make us an expert in the US. With my recent trips to both China and the US, we could understand and appreciate the diversity of views and the complex dynamics even within their own country. If we do not understand or appreciate this deeply, we cannot come up with value propositions that will make us relevant. However, while we adapt our approaches, we must remain a consistent and principled partner where we can continuously strengthen our relevance for others to want to partner us. I am sure we want to partner everybody, but that is different from other people wanting to partner us. And this applies in the security and economics domains. While we will not take sides, we must take positions based on principles, principles that best promote Singapore's long-term survival and success.[+5 sentences] We are ultimately responsible for our own destiny. But we must earn our right to determine that destiny. Only when we are successful, can we have the right to choose our path and not be held ransom or hostage by others. Then, we can truly say that we will neither be bribed nor bullied. That is something that we have to earn. Foreign policy is not about balancing, calibrating and remaining neutral.[+1 sentence] Being neutral and principled are two different concepts. Neutrality is especially a dangerous concept for small states.[+5 sentences] Trying to maintain neutrality and balancing without principles, will only invite contesting larger powers to put more pressure on us to try and shift our "balancing point". You can imagine if two giants are pulling at us and if we are just trying to maintain neutral, when one side squeezes us a bit harder, we move a bit to that side. What would the other side do? It would just encourage them to squeeze us just as hard so that we move back to the balancing position. And that is why I always encourage all Singaporeans to make a nuanced but important distinction. Not saying that we are neutral, but that we are principled.[+23 sentences] How then, can we remain relevant and earn our right to be principled, and be valued on the global stage? We need to have our own perspectives and not be a mouthpiece or proxy for others. We need to develop capabilities that cannot be easily replicated by others – the ability to think and execute long-term, the ability to build trust internally and externally, and the ability to foster cohesion amidst diversity. But ultimately, we need real capabilities, in all domains from economics to defence, for others to see value in working with us. External parties have asked me what makes the Singapore Armed Forces (SAF) strong. Our disciplined investment in equipment and people over the years have certainly helped. But to me, the biggest advantage the SAF has over many others is that we can draw upon the talent and energies of our entire nation. The best operational and technical ideas do not just come from our regulars, technicians or scientists. They come from all over, our Full-time National Servicemen (NSFs), NSmen and even pre-enlistees. Today if you fly the unmanned aerial vehicles in the SAF, you will see them using a console that is exactly like the Playstation console. This idea came about many years ago from our pre-enlistees. They helped us to design the systems even before they came into NS. And when they came into NS, the system was ready for them. When I was a young officer, the first person to introduce computers into our battle planning process was not a regular. He was an NSman working at Apple and he was wondering why we were still using pen and paper. That is the power of the SAF, drawn from our people. This is the concept of all of us chipping in, a mindset of delivering with to build defence capabilities ahead of time. For Ministry of Defence (MINDEF) and the SAF, we will continue to spend wisely and consistently as warfare is redefined, we will make judicious decisions on what to buy, what to build and what to co-develop with partners. We will also need to evolve our capability development and acquisition processes to deliver at speed. Timeliness, rather than perfection, matters more very often. By strengthening our indigenous capacities and developing unique value propositions, we will position ourself as a partner of choice in the capability development, technological innovation and supply chain resilience. Today, this is exactly what DSO National Laboratories (DSO), Defence Science and Technology Agency (DSTA), and ST Engineering are doing. We aim to go beyond a buyer-seller relationship whenever we deal with others. Ultimately, our strongest defence and our strongest deterrence is not any weapon system, it is our collective will to fight for what we believe in.[+6 sentences] Together, we must contribute as a whole of nation to safeguard our future. Every one of us is in some way MINDEF and everyone one of us is also an ambassador, a little ambassador, acting on behalf of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs when we interact with the rest of the world. We share with the world what we stand for, how we do business and why they should trust in us. Let me now move to economics, which is not so different. We also must earn our keep. No one deals with Singapore out of charity or sympathy. We also need to create our own value propositions. This means deeply understanding market needs and identifying what I call "acupuncture points" that make it harder for people to bypass us.[+6 sentences] Many Members in this House will be familiar with our experiences during COVID-19. I was then the Minister for Trade and Industry. During the crucial moments, very often my team and I have to call up partners to ask for essentials, to ask for people to sell us essentials. Even if we had or more money than others, we did not always get what we wanted. Only when we had what our partners needed, could we trade for what we wanted. It is a lesson that is seared in the minds of all the officers of the Ministry of Trade and Industry (MTI) for generations to come. That is why when the Economic Development Board (EDB) goes out and compete for investment, it is not just about making more money only. It is about making ourselves as a critical node that cannot be easily bypassed, so that in times of need, we will have what others need, in order to get what we want.[+20 sentences] For our economy to be more resilient, many have talked about the need to diversify. Yes, we agree. However, we must also be aware that diversification comes with risks, it requires resources and it requires our ability to attract and work with talent beyond our own. Imagine if Singapore only focused on one or two sectors. Then surely, we will have enough of our own people to staff all of those positions in that one or two sectors and achieve critical mass. But when we say that we want to diversify our economy for us to be more resilient, when we say that we want to give more options to our younger generation to chase their dreams in diverse sectors, then we need many more sectors. We have to admit that it will not be easy for us to achieve critical mass in all of these sectors unless we are able to network with the global talent to compliment the best in Singapore. This is why we must continue our efforts to make sure that we remain an attractive partner for others to want to work with us. We must continue to grow our homegrown talent so that we can remain an attractive partner. If we do not have people that can match up to the best in the world, I am not sure many people will want to partner us. But there is also an opportunity amidst the crisis now. As the world becomes a more dangerous place, our attractiveness to talent can actually reinforce our competitiveness. This is an opportunity for us. But we will need to carefully balance our needs of integration with competitiveness. It is not a binary option of zero or one. It is about balance. And this will be a topic I am sure we will come back to in this House for many more times to come. It is about balance and never about a binary option. On the other hand, when long standing platforms or networks no longer work, we will have to set up alternative networks to uphold a more integrated global trading and investment system. Many years ago, we pioneered comprehensive Free Trade Agreements that went beyond traditional tariff reductions to encompass services, investment and regulatory cooperation. When the digital economy demanded fresh approaches, we led the creation of the Digital Economy Partnership Agreement (DEPA), establishing new standards for cross-border data flows, digital trade and technological cooperation.[+1 sentence] As the support for free trade and globalisation fray, we will work with like-minded partners to create new plurilateral and multilateral networks. For example, Deputy Prime Minister Gan Kim Yong has just announced the Future of Investment and Trade Partnership to support open and fair trade.[+10 sentences] This is our little contribution to try and uphold the Global Free Trade Order which is in our interest. As tariffs and retaliatory tariffs reshape trade and investment flows, there is also an opportunity for us if we can position ourselves as a reliable and resilient partner. Many companies are now talking about their "plus one" strategy. We aim to be their "plus one". We can expect to win some and lose some. However, I believe we can still be net positive if we play to our strengths. We have seen this already being played out in various sectors that are visited in the aerospace Maintenance, Repair and Operations (MRO), semi-conductor sector. We win some, we lose some, but we can be net positive. To do so, we will double down on our man-made competitive advantages. It is often said that Singapore has no natural resources, but Singapore has many man-made competitive advantages. First, we will continue to invest in our education and workforce – not just for the first 15 years, but for the next 50 years when they are beyond the school years, by uplifting everyone to embrace the latest technological tools to enhance our productivity.[+26 sentences] AI is part of this important effort where we have the programme called “AI for Everyone”. Just as what we have done for the computerisation drive in the late 1980s, early 1990s. Second, our ability to uphold the rule of law for investors to have the confidence to mobilise their capital, aggregate their talent and protect their IP here will remain important and more so than ever before. Third, having a stable Government and forward-looking Public Service, so that investors can be confident that we think and execute long-term. This is especially for investments like pharmaceuticals and semi-conductors that require a long gestation period. To conclude this section, may I also say that actually, we are all also part of the Economic Development Board (EDB) and MTI. Whenever we interact with people overseas, we will also need to pitch for Singapore. I can understand the concerns that many of us have in the job security front. But the best strategy for us is to make sure that we continue to attract good quality investments so that our people can continue to have the diverse opportunities that they would aspire towards. And all of us, at every opportunity, will have to chip in. And that is why we say we are all part of MTI and EDB. On the social side, let me say that Singapore's success has never been about economic growth alone. Ultimately, economic growth needs to translate into growing the overall pie for Singaporeans, creating good jobs and enabling all Singaporeans to improve our lives. Every one of us aspire to do better. We also want our next generation to do even better than ourselves. It is only human nature for parents and grandparents to want to give our best that we can do for our children and grandchildren. However, we must not forget that our successes are not just because of our hard work and abilities. It is built upon our society and the help that we receive along the way which enable us to achieve what we have. And therefore, when we are successful, all of us must remember that we have responsibilities towards those who are further behind. As societies mature and become more developed, there is always the risk that resources, as well as disadvantages, get passed on from generation to generation. This accentuates inequality and reduces social mobility, and stratification happens. We see this happening in many countries throughout history. But I think all of us in this House would be united in saying that we do not want to see this happening in Singapore. This is what makes Singapore special. And therefore, the more successful we are, the greater the dangers we face, and the more we need to double and re-double our efforts to break this inter-generational transfer of disadvantage, which many Members have spoken about. As Minister Desmond Lee has spoken yesterday, we will do what we can as a Government, we will try to do more and do better. Over the years, as Minister Desmond Lee has said, we have rolled out various programmes: KidSTART, UPLIFT, Comcare, ComLink+.[+9 sentences] You name it, we will try it. We are doing this not just only in the early years of a child's life. We are systematically combing through the entire life cycle of a person to see how we can help everyone who needs the help to break that cycle. It is never-ending work. In fact, the more successful we are, the more we need to try. But we must also see things in context. Our challenge is not so much that the people in our society are left behind, that they are not catching up with the world. If you look at the statistics, our challenge is slightly different from others. Our challenge is that our gap is not a result of the bottom falling way off the chart. In fact, 80% of our students are above the global average; 90% of our students are above the global average in terms of maths and science.[+2 sentences] Our gap is the result of the top being even further. That tells us two things. First, we should never cap the top, but we must keep lifting the bottom.[+17 sentences] Second, we must not make our own children feel that just because they are relatively behind, that somehow they have failed themselves or failed us. Our average is way beyond the global average. Even the students from our so-called neighbourhood schools, as some of you would describe them, are generally above the global average. We hosted the International Summit of the Teaching Profession last year. When other people host us, they showed us their best school. One school. When we hosted them, we showed them 10 schools every day. Any school that they chose, we would allow them to walk into the school. Many of them asked us, "Are you showing us your best school?" We said, "No, we are just showing you the diversity of our schools. We will show you schools from Raffles Institution to Northlight, because all of them will have different challenges and we will have different curricula for all of them." In fact, one remarked that he was most impressed, because in Singapore, your zip code does not determine or overwrite your genetic code, as in some other countries. But having said this, we are not done. All these programmes by themselves will not be enough. Each of us, even those of us who may not feel that we have the most, can and must contribute in our own ways to support those with less and to uplift the less privileged to keep our society mobile. This is why we mobilise the time, talent and treasures of people to complement what the Government and taxation already do. This reminds all of us that we have agency and responsibility towards one another. As we hear the calls to do more for various groups, each one meritorious in its own right, we must also be clear-eyed that because resources are finite, we will need to come to a societal consensus about who we should help more. This means that some of us will have to moderate our expectations, because there are others who need help more than we do.[+45 sentences] Everyone gets help, everyone gets something. But not all of us will get the same. I am sure Members of the House also agree with me that it also does not make sense for all of us to get the same. Different strokes for different folks, each according to our needs. I think all of us can agree on this. So, let us not be divided by invidious comparisons when this is actually executed. I am sure Members of the House would have this experience going around in your hawker centres and markets. Very often, someone would come up and ask, "Minister or MP, why is it this month, I did not get this payout that my neighbour got?" You can try your very best to explain why, but unfortunately, we are all humans and very often, invidious comparisons set in. If we are true to what we believe, that we should do more to help those with less, then when we execute this, we must also help to explain this to everyone. In Singapore, we do not have a single yardstick for success. When I was the Minister for Education, I have seen the diversity of talents among Singaporeans, and this is what makes our country resilient and special. As a society, we must truly respect and reward the diversity of strengths and celebrate excellence in multiple fields. For many of us, all this have been said very often. What can we do? I have two humble suggestions. Maybe it is useful for us to start our conversations with our children, not with: "What grades did you get in school? How did you score compared to your peers?" I have always asked two questions whenever I meet the students when I was Minister for Education. First question is, "Can you tell me what makes you special?" Because you can score however many "As" that you have, but if throughout the education process, you do not know what are your strengths and weaknesses are, and what makes you special, then I do not think we have succeeded. And for a child to know that he or she has something special is very important. It can be a life changing experience. When I was in school, I thought my mathematics was so-so. One day, my teacher told me, "Your mathematics is quite good!" Suddenly, I was like, "Wow, my mathematics is quite good. I must study harder." Simple words, changed my life. The other question that I think we can encourage ourselves to ask our children, especially during Chinese New Year, Hari Raya, Deepavali is, not so much, "What have you achieved?", but "Where would you like to make a contribution?" For every Singaporean child growing up to know that, regardless of your station in life, you can make a contribution because you have something special in you, and collectively each of us, just like the weiqi pieces, we will come up with that winning formulation. So, let us respect the diversity of talents and let us encourage our children to understand what makes them special, and how each and every one of them can make a special contribution. Beyond Government policies and institutions, such as the Ethnic Integration Policy, NS and our schools, I think many Members have also highlighted the need for us to enhance our interactions, so that we truly get out of our comfort zone to get to know people who are different from us. And more importantly, through this process, to try and find common ground, based on mutual respect. This is something that is a work in progress and something that as MPs, we all need to do. HDB can build us the most beautiful houses and towns, but it is us, the residents who will build the most heartwarming homes and communities. So, let us not be trapped by this incessant comparison among ourselves. Yes, look at the right side of the bell curve to try to aspire to do better, but never forget our responsibility to those who are on the left side of the bell curve. Let me move on to the issue of governance. Singapore has done reasonably well by most measures, but we must never be complacent. Our accomplishments are not predictions for future successes. And there are many matrices of whether a country, a government has done well. Sometimes, we get a good ranking – let it not get into our head. Sometimes, we do not get such a good ranking – it is time for introspection, but also never let it get into our hearts and wear us down. There will always be room for us to improve. But what is most important is for us to have the confidence and the conviction to do what we think is right for our people, by our people and to see it through. There is no shortage of good ideas on what other countries, our country, can do. But one of the most difficult things is to execute the average ideas consistently. Having average ideas executed consistently will beat that brilliant idea that is a flash in the pan.[+5 sentences] In Singapore, we have the privilege of being able to execute this consistently for many years. That was what I shared with my overseas counterparts when I was in MOE. They always thought that Singapore has some brilliant technology or system, but the truth is, whatever MOE can deliver today, we thank our predecessors who have seen it through consistently for us. However, let us not be complacent. Take the example of the adoption of technology, digitalisation and AI. Countries that once trailed us are now seizing opportunities to build momentum and to leapfrog ahead, and a key advantage being that they have fewer legacy systems. This is a stark reminder to us that if we stand still, we will fall behind. Therefore, the Public Service will endeavour not just to do things better, we also need to do better things with our finite resources.[+4 sentences] An example is the way that the Government is serving citizens and businesses. Whether it is our ServiceSG centres, Municipal Services Office or the new SME Pro-Enterprise office, these are just ways that we are working across Government to make services simpler, more connected and more helpful to our people and businesses. Each of these reflect our determination to deliver greater value and to do better things with our finite resources. On the other hand, we must not copy blindly, but be bold enough to look for our own solutions. Our founding leaders and the Pioneer Generation did exactly that, from introducing National Service to safeguard our sovereignty and security, to setting up the EDB to attract investment and the HDB to provide affordable and quality homes.[+6 sentences] We did not copy others, but we found our own way. Even for something like the CPF, we have continuously evolved it over the years, expanding from retirement savings to meet housing and healthcare needs, while providing stronger safety nets for our elderly and vulnerable. Each of these decisions took courage, clarity of vision, a willingness to chart our path and the conviction to see it through. It is not just as simple as just plucking an idea from some other country and copying it. I come now to the most difficult challenge. Delivering with our people will require a new approach from our Government and a new understanding with our people. Delivering with our people means that our Government must be prepared to engage even before all policy details have been finalised internally. On the other hand, our people must also accept that not everyone's idea will be adopted in full or in part.[+20 sentences] Let me share a little vignette I learnt from Minister Vivian Balakrishnan when I took over, the then-Ministry of Culture, Youth and Sports, from him. The first thing he told me was, "Chun Sing, when you become the Minister, you must consult widely. But remember, after you have consulted 100 people and you have chosen your idea, you must go back to the other 99 to explain to them why their ideas were not chosen. Each of them must be convinced why their ideas were not chosen after they have given you their feedback". That was 14 or 15 years ago. I think that still applies today. All of us will contribute ideas just like in this House, but not all ideas may be implemented in full or in part. And we will debate it. We will take collective decisions and we hope that we will move forward in the right spirit. The other thing is this: as we evolve our processes and services at speed to achieve timeliness and relevance, we must also accept that we may not always achieve that perfect or flawless product or policy, if there was ever such a thing. What matters most is to learn and keep improving fast, rather than to let the pursuit of perfection paralyse us from timely deployment of new solutions. This is the spirit that CPF Board and Government Technology Agency (GovTech) have taken. No one in CPF Board or GovTech will claim that their product is perfect or flawless. They all know that they have to keep improving, but they all know that they have to be timely and relevant in their delivery. As the challenges confronting Singapore are multi-dimensional, we will also need the Public Service to acquire new capabilities. The Public Service will continue to remain open and attract diverse talent, including mid-careerists, and provide opportunities for officers to gain exposure to the private and people sectors. Now increasingly important, we must also expose our officers to the International Organisations to understand how the world is evolving and we must secure a place at the table where international rules are made. Otherwise, as the saying goes, we are either at the table or on the menu. From the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) in the 1970s to the recent debate on climate change, the biodiversity beyond national jurisdiction and the cyber domains, many new rules are made on the international front. We will need our people to be au fait with the developments in order to secure our interest. Next, after hearing all the many good ideas, this Government will have the difficult task of balancing our public finances.[+6 sentences] We have been fortunate so far that we have been able to afford what we wanted to, while delivering high quality services, because we run a tight ship. We have been prudent with our spending, saving a little year after year, invested these savings wisely and gradually built up our Reserves; and instituted rigorous safeguards to protect the Reserves, making sure that we only spent the money that we really needed to. However, just as over the course of this week's debate, we have heard many new ideas, many new demands and all of that will ultimately translate into some form of resources needs. Hence, in this House, we must be judicious in deciding how to spend our public funds and be honest with ourselves about the trade-offs. Everything we want to do more of, means something less for either current or future needs. We should not and cannot pretend that there is somehow, somewhere a free lunch. We must also be honest with our own residents where those trade-offs are. It also means making difficult political decisions, such as raising taxes when we need to, as we have done for the Goods and Services Tax (GST) increases to ensure that our revenues continue to keep up with our spending needs.[+22 sentences] I can understand. I can appreciate the calls for us to spend more, given our challenges. But I am always reminded of this. Let us think about it. Where did our Reserves come from? Our forefathers started saving in the 1960s. In the 1960s, we had the British withdrawal east of the Suez Canal. My grandmother and her family lost their job overnight from Sembawang Naval Base. In the 1970s, we had two oil crises. In the 1980s, we had the economic recession. In the 1990s, we had the Asian Financial Crisis. In the 2000s, we had the Global Financial Crisis. And of course, we had Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) and COVID-19. Were those not tough times? Did any of our Pioneers say that life was too hard and therefore we would not save for the next generation? No, they did not. No matter how tough those times were and arguably there were moments that were even tougher than now, they have made it a point to save up for us. Today, we are benefiting from this. I think it is only responsible of us to similarly hold on to this spirit. Of course, the Government will do what we can to spend carefully to take care of this generation but let us not forget that we must also take care of future generations, although they are not here to cast their votes. This is what makes Singapore special – that we do not define success by how well we do for ourselves in this generation only. We define our success by how well we enable the next generation to do even better than us. Changi Airport's Terminal 1 (T1), T2 and T3 that we enjoy now were built by the previous generation for us. And now, we are building T5 for the next generation.[+8 sentences] This is the spirit of Singapore. In the many Committees of Supply debate that I have attended in this House, we have not had to make very difficult decisions on what to cut in order to fund what we want to do more. We have been fortunate. We have a growing pie. But it is not the natural order of things in most countries. Even so, we should maintain our discipline. Every grant, expenditure and subsidy has a long tail. Once committed, they will be hard to remove. In Budget speak, or in Ministry of Finance speak, we must not use up our white space, our future spending capacity, without considering the need to cater to unforeseen circumstances, which will certainly happen from time to time, be it COVID-19 or SARS. This is where we go back to where we started. We must focus on growing the overall economic pie for us to have the options and the luxury to make easier decisions.[+19 sentences] The challenges ahead will be different from those in the past, but the core principles remain: to anticipate change, to be bold, innovative and pragmatic in finding solutions that work for us and keep building a fair, strong, united Singapore for generations to come. Mr Speaker, Singapore has come a long way in the 60 years since our Independence. Our Pioneer Generation and founding leaders have built a nation upon the foundations of conviction, not convenience. From the very beginning we have faced challenges head on, never shirking our responsibility to one another, nor to future generations. Together we have weathered storms, overcome adversity and emerged stronger each time. Through crises such as the Asian Financial Crisis and COVID-19 pandemic, we stood together – Government, businesses, community, students – supporting one another, overcoming challenges and always promising one another that we will emerge stronger. These experiences have shown that our strength lies in our unity and our ability to trust and work with one another. Recently, I gave out scholarships to this year's Public Service Commission (PSC) and MINDEF scholarship recipients. I shared with them this simple message: "When I was awarded the scholarship, it was SG23. Nobody told me the challenges ahead". Now we are in SG60. I told this generation of scholarship holders, "You are taking up the scholarship at SG60. Your job is to get us to SG100 and beyond". I also told them, "If you have a doubt, there is a cooling-off period. You can don't take up the scholarship". None of them flinched. I am proud of them, because I did not promise them that if they get a scholarship with the PSC or MINDEF, that life would be a bed of roses. There is nothing that guarantees that we would get to SG100. I also told them that, well, if I am so lucky to be able to see the fireworks at the Padang on 9 August 2065, maybe they can spare me a pair of National Day Parade tickets. To take Singapore to SG100 and beyond, we will need leaders at every level of society – a nation of lions led by lions – to have a strong sense of mission and the gumption to defy the odds, to remember our vulnerabilities as a nation but never be shackled by them; a people who dares to dream and innovate, and are willing to match our aspirations with our perspirations.[+5 sentences] Last but not least, we will live by these values that we will put our collective before self, putting the "we" before "me" and taking care of one another, so that we can be truly proud that if you want to have the best opportunities in life, anywhere in the world, you want to be born in Singapore. I thank all Members for your vigorous and constructive debate over the course of this week. Your insights and ideas will help shape our policies and programmes going forward. As we chart our path towards SG100 and beyond, let us stand united in purpose in this House. For there will be no challenge too great, too daunting that we cannot overcome together. Our commitment is, as everyone has said, is to build a better future for everyone, including those Singaporeans who are yet to be born.[+3 sentences] Together, we will write the next chapter of Singapore's history. This Government will not only deliver for Singaporeans. This Government will deliver with Singaporeans.
Mr Speaker16 words
[+2 sentences]Mr Sharael Taha. I would like to invite you to do your wrap-up and closing address.
Mr Sharael Taha (Pasir Ris-Changi)2948 words
[+4 sentences]Thank you, Mr Speaker, Sir. Before I proceed, may I first convey my gratitude for the privilege of moving the Motion of Thanks to the President for the speech delivered on behalf of the Government at the opening of the First Session of this 15th Parliament. It is a great honour to move this Motion and an equal privilege to round up this debate as we begin the new term. I also would like to thank all Members of this House. Over the past five days, 81 Members have spoken in support of the Motion, including our Prime Minister Mr Lawrence Wong; among them were also 32 newly elected Members delivering their maiden speeches.[+17 sentences] I have been heartened by the depth of conviction and the clarity of purpose in these speeches and together they reflect our collective resolve to improve the lives of Singaporeans and to advance the progress of our nation as one united people, something that was shared by Minister Chan Chun Sing just now. Mr Speaker, the President's address reminded us of the profound transitions of our time, a world in flux, both globally and at home. He set out four key challenges and reminded us that our path forward depends on unity, nurturing a "we first" society built on trust, resilience and a shared purpose. As I listen to the many thoughtful speeches delivered, similar to what Minister Chan has mentioned earlier, it became clear that certain themes resonated strongly. And hence, I had to quickly remove quite a lot of my paragraphs – thanks to Minister Chan. In closing, I will draw out these key themes. Firstly, there is collective agreement from the speeches that the changes before us are not just transient headwinds, but as the President reminded us, they are fundamental shifts in the tide that will shape Singapore's future. This span geopolitics, the economy, technology and demographics, and they will test us deeply. Senior Minister of State Sim Ann spoke of great power, contestation, rising protectionism and geopolitical conflicts. Deputy Prime Minister Gan Kim Yong reminded us that countries are turning inwards while transformative technologies such as AI, coupled with our limits on land, carbon and energy, demand fresh thinking. Ms Tin Pei Ling emphasised the need for Singapore to remain relevant. Ms He Ting Ru cautioned that past performance is no guarantee of future success. The Leader of Opposition pointed to the weight of international and domestic pressures. Mr Yip Hon Weng reminded us that defence and diplomacy are the twin pillars of our survival and Mr Vikram Nair shared the need for allies and self-reliance on defence. This shared recognition of change matters. Transformation begins with recognition of the urgency to change. Knowing we cannot stand still. From the speeches, there is consensus: that transformation is needed in our economy, whether it is jobs, education and social safety nets.[+2 sentences] Not because they are not working, but because we need to prepare for the challenges ahead. And we must act decisively together. Many Members stressed that the scale of change requires us to rethink fundamentals: our economy, job design, education, child-raising, transportation, housing and senior care.[+3 sentences] I thank Deputy Prime Minister Gan for affirming the point I raised on strengthening existing industries, while seizing new areas of growth. He spoke of securing footholds in emerging sectors and making Singapore a “home for leading firms.” Ms Jessica Tan and Mr Shawn Huang pointed to intelligent robotics as another exciting frontier. Labour MP, NTUC Secretary-General Ng Chee Meng, Senior Minister of State Desmond Tan, Minister of State Desmond Choo and Dr Wan Rizal emphasised that unions will support workers through job redesign, upskilling, and reskilling, ensuring no one is left behind.[+20 sentences] Senior Minister of State Koh Poh Koon spoke of the importance of tripartism in making transformation possible. In education, Ms Goh Hanyan and Mr Goh Pei Ming urged a relook at how we raise our children and review our exam system, a call echoed by Mr Darryl David and supported by Minister Desmond Lee. We face huge uncertainty and we must transform to survive. But as Mr Shawn Loh observed, the President's address over the past two decades have consistently emphasised these same enduring themes: global uncertainty, economic vitality, care for an ageing population, building an inclusive society and then, keeping Singapore united. What makes it different today? The key point is this: as a small nation, we will always face these enduring challenges and emerging trends. We must be ready to pivot, ready to adapt and ready to transform as circumstances evolve. Our survival depends on staying agile, nimble and ever ready to renew ourselves. This acceptance of constant transformation is not optional. It is the very foundation of Singapore’s survival and progress. The second theme is the diversity of support across society. While we agree transformation is necessary, Members also recognised that it brings both anxiety and hope. Above all, there was consensus that growth must never come at the expense of leaving anyone behind. For our youths, Miss Rachel Ong, Minister of State Dinesh Vasu Dash and Mr Ng Shi Xuan spoke of creating safe avenues for expression and more community-driven care. Senior Parliamentary Secretary Goh Hanyan and Minister of State Goh Pei Ming highlighted learning through play, while Mr David Hoe suggested “curiosity credits” to spark exploration. Mr Jackson Lam and Mr Darryl David stressed the need to support marginalised youth and equip them with the skills for the global economy. Together with Ms Jessica Tan, I also called for structured apprenticeships to bridge technical learning with real-world experience. Ms Lee Hui Ying added that even more "senior youths" in their 20s face the burdens of adulting as they enter the workforce. "Senior youths" is a new term that I learnt yesterday. Unfortunately, I no longer fall within the group. For workers, NTUC Secretary-General Ng Chee Meng, Senior Minister of State Koh Poh Koon, Senior Minister of State Desmond Tan, Minister of State Desmond Choo and Mr Patrick Tay spoke of securing good jobs, upskilling, "skills-first Singapore" and ensuring a "just transition" with AI, automation and leveraging on the wisdom of senior workers.[+21 sentences] Mr Henry Kwek talked about turning technology disruption into opportunities for all. Ms Yeo Wan Ling and Dr Wan Rizal highlighted the recognition of lower-wage and platform workers, while Ms Gho Sze Kee, Ms Eileen Chong, Ms Poh Li San, myself and others raised support for professionals, managers, executives and technicians (PMETs) and young graduates. For our seniors, Mr Alex Yeo, Mr Dennis Tan and Mr Saktiandi Supaat raised concerns on retirement adequacy and dignified living. Mr Cai Yinzhou proposed the formation of the elder corp to leverage on the skills and wisdom of seniors. Ms Choo Pei Ling spoke about healthcare and support for those living with illnesses. Families too were highlighted by Ms Cassandra Lee, Minister of State Jasmin Lau and Ms Valerie Lee, who spoke of the struggles of working parents and the sandwich generation. Ms Elysa Chen and Ms Diana Pang shared the need for stronger support for caregivers. As Ms Valerie Lee memorably said, we must build a society where “caregiving is supported, not merely tolerated.” Ms Denise Phua shared the need for mandating inclusive designs and deliberately designing in opportunities for the special need individuals, one which I also mentioned in investing in inclusive technology. Members also raised wider issues: Dr Hamid Razak and Ms Nadia Samdin on mental health, Mr Edward Chia and myself on SME costs of doing business, Mr Shawn Loh on growing our local MNCs, Mr Victor Lye on hawkers, and Mr Gabriel Lam and Senior Parliamentary Secretary Eric Chua on giving second chances. On sustainability, Senior Minister of State Zaqy Mohamad, Ms Nadia Samdin and Ms Valerie Lee called for protecting our environment and strengthening food and water resilience. Even support for animals found a voice through Ms Lee Hui Ying and others. Mr Speaker, this breadth of voices is worth a mention and it shows that while transformation brings anxiety, it also carries hope. Every segment of our society – the youths, the workers, our special needs individuals, seniors, families, businesses small and large, and even our natural environment – has found representation in this Chamber. That is the strength of our Parliament: no group forgotten, every voice heard. Inclusiveness and care must guide us as we move forward. The third theme is that in almost every speech, as Minister Chan Chun Sing has mentioned, MPs spoke about more can be done, and there are three variants of it. More can be done, full stop; more can be done with a suggestion; more can be done with a suggestion and something that we do less of. And more can be done not because nothing is being done, but because Members believe more is required. Whether it is in preschool education, youth development, worker upskilling, supporting businesses, addressing the cost of living, or helping young parents and the sandwich generation, or caring for seniors and in providing humanitarian support such as in Gaza as shared by Member Ms Hazlina Abdul Halim. I may have missed it, but I did not hear anyone calling for less to be done. The question then is: if everyone wants more, how do we sustain it, especially as costs rise, from healthcare to infrastructure and social spending? One answer must be in continually growing our economy, so that the pie expands and every Singaporean receives a fairer share, with those in greater need receiving stronger support.[+11 sentences] Some Members cautioned against “growing GDP at all costs.” From the speeches heard here, this is not what anyone is advocating. Mr Speaker, this is the essence of our compact: to build a growing and inclusive economy that uplifts all, and ensures those with less are never left behind. Growth is not an end in itself. It is the means by which we create resources to care for every member of our society. By enlarging opportunity and walking this journey together, we give every generation not just hope, but the confidence that tomorrow will be a better day than today. With a larger pie, it brings me to the fourth theme that was common across all the speeches, on how to distribute the pie fairly. Mr Fadli Fawzi reminded us of the dangers of meritocracy, where some may be left behind. Ms Mariam Jaafar and Mr Xie Yao Quan stressed that while meritocracy is not perfect, in Ms Mariam’s words, "We must continue to refine it, to strengthen it and to make sure meritocracy in Singapore remains fair and real – not just in principle, but in practice." As our Prime Minister Lawrence Wong said, "we cannot stand still" and we must "tilt the balance continually" to keep society fair. It is a continuous work in progress. This means upholding the principle that those with less should receive more. We already see this in schemes like KidStart, ComCare+, UPLIFT, financial assistance schemes, rental flats and the multiple education pathways – all designed to level the playing field.[+1 sentence] As Ms Mariam Jaafar, Senior Parliamentary Secretary Goh Hanyan, Mr Darryl David, Mr Gerald Giam and Mr David Hoe have highlighted, our youths may begin from different starting points, but we must ensure that they all have equal opportunities to succeed. The landing point is clear: a fairer society is one where those with less are given more, so everyone has a real chance to move up in life.[+4 sentences] Mr Speaker, having spoken about growing the pie and distributing it fairly, let me turn to how we defined success, another point that has been elaborated by Minister Chan Chun Sing, so I will keep it short. Some Members reminded us that success cannot be measured by GDP or wealth alone, but by ensuring every Singaporean has the chance to move up. True success means that a child born into a less advantaged family can still aspire, work hard and achieve his or her dreams. Recognising different starting points, many MPs defined success as those with less must be given more to ensure equal opportunity. Others called for a broader and more inclusive definition of success, that success should not be defined narrowly by grades or income, something which we have been working on, but also by diverse pathways, whether in arts, sports, caregiving, or technical trades.[+20 sentences] I thank Acting Minister David Neo for noting that children participating in other co-curricular activities may also be recognised with Colours Awards. I do hope mountain biking and cycling is considered too. Success must also be measured in the well-being of families and communities: affordable housing, accessible healthcare and the dignity of work. Success in Singapore must be more than individual achievement. It must be a collective, where communities thrive together, when those with less are given more and when every Singaporean has the opportunity to live a fulfilling life. Mr Speaker, over the past five days, much has been said about "we first." As the Prime Minister puts it, "we first" does not mean suppressing the "me." Members here have shared many examples of how "we first" can begin from something as simple as helping a neighbour, volunteering at a home, or when individuals, employers, communities and businesses come together for the common good. Dr Syed Harun Alhabsyi shared "we first" as a powerful enabler that can strengthen cohesion and bolster unity and this is the cornerstone of a caring and values-driven society. Something which Dr Charlene Chen shared where kindness must be lived in every sphere of life. "We first" means a society that strives for a collective good, not self-interest even as we recognise differences. Our commitment to "we first" will always be tested. The recent incident of suspicious parcels sent to places of worship reminds us that there will always be those who try to magnify our differences and sow division. The only way forward is for us to stay strong, deepen our solidarity and care for one another, building a Singapore where every citizen belongs. Mr Speaker, in Malay, please. : "Giving more to those who have less" and the spirit of "we first" are not something new to our community. It has been ingrained in us from the beginning. As other speakers had previously shared, our Malay/Muslim community continues to excel – whether in terms of education, employability, or our professionals who now receive recognition on the world stage. However, this effort is still ongoing and there is so much more that we can achieve together. All these could not be accomplished through individual achievement alone. It stems from community support that constantly helps one another. Established programmes such as the TTFS which covers tertiary education fees, Mathematics Classes for preschool children, Project Dian which assists families in rental flats, and Mendaki's Tuition Scheme for our children – all these exist because the community works hand in hand to help those who are disadvantaged.[+1 sentence] At the grassroots level, many volunteers in our Malay/Muslim community also contribute their time and energy. In Pasir Ris-Changi, for example, programmes like Hash Tech provide opportunities for students to understand data and generative artificial intelligence – the very technology that is shaping our world today.[+5 sentences] In my previous speech, I also shared how students from Muhammadiyah Welfare Home were able to learn robotics through guidance from engineers in our professional networks. This is what "we first" is all about – a community that puts the collective good above all else, instead of just self-interest. I would like to call upon more members of our community to join these volunteering opportunities. Let us continue to work together to build a more caring, more empowered and more united community. (In English): Mr Speaker, allow me to draw the threads together as we head towards the end. Over these five days, six themes have emerged clearly.[+5 sentences] Firstly, our survival depends on staying agile, nimble and ever ready to renew ourselves. This is the very foundation of Singapore’s survival and progress. Second, while transformation brings anxieties, it also carries hope. Every segment of society – youths, workers, persons with disabilities, seniors, families, businesses and even our natural environment – has representation in this Chamber. To be inclusive, we must continue to make these voices heard. Thirdly, growing our economy is not mutually exclusive to caring for our people.[+2 sentences] Growth is not an end in itself. It is the means by which we create resources to care for every member of our society. Fourth, a fairer society is one where those with less are given more, so everyone has a real chance to move up in life.[+9 sentences] Fifth, we have already embraced and must continue to embrace the different definitions of success, beyond grades or income, to include dignity, opportunity and quality of life. And lastly, that all this is anchored on "we first", the conviction that progress must be shared, and Singapore is strongest when we stand together. Mr Speaker, we cannot choose the challenges of our time, but we can choose how we respond. Let us respond with courage, with care and with confidence. Let us renew our compact, not just with words but with deeds. Let us build a Singapore that is not only successful, but also one that is just, compassionate and united. A Singapore where every citizen has reason to hope, every family has reason to strive and every generation has reason to believe that tomorrow will be better than today. I call upon all the Members of this House, on both sides of the aisle, backbenchers and frontbenchers, to join me in thanking the President for his Address. Majulah Singapura.
Mr Speaker86 words
[+2 sentences]After five long days, I am happy to pose the following question to Members one last time. [(proc text) 'We, the Parliament of the Republic of Singapore, express our thanks to the President for the Speech which he delivered on behalf of the Government at the Opening of the First Session of this Parliament'." (proc text)]